Part 8 out of 9



P.Whitehead.
Breadroot (?), n. (Bot.) The root of a leguminous plant (Psoralea esculenta), found near the Rocky Mountains. It is usually oval in form, and abounds in farinaceous matter, affording sweet and palatable food.
It is the Pomme blanche of Canadian voyageurs.
Breadstuff (?), n. Grain, flour, or meal of which bread is made.
Breadth (?), n. [OE. brede, breede, whence later bredette, AS. br?du, fr. brd broad. See Broad, a.]
1. Distance from side to side of any surface or thing; measure across, or at right angles to the length; width.
42. (Fine Arts) The quality of having the colors and shadows broad and massive, and the arrangement of objects such as to avoid to great multiplicity of details, producing an impression of largeness and simple grandeur; called also breadth of effect.
Breadth of coloring is a prominent character in the painting of all great masters.
Weale.
Breadthless, a. Without breadth.
Breadthways (?), ads. Breadthwise.
Whewell.
Breadthwise (?), ads. In the direction of the breadth.
Breadthwinner (?), n. The member of a family whose labor supplies the food of the family; one who works for his living.
H. Spencer.
Break(?), v. t. [imp. broke (?), (Obs. Brake); p.p. Broken (?), (Obs. Broke); p. pr. & vb. n. Breaking.] [OE. breken, AS. brecan; akin to OS. brekan, D. breken, OHG. brehhan, G. brechen, Icel.braka to creak, Sw. braka, brkka to crack, Dan. brkke to break, Goth. brikan to break, L. frangere. Cf. Bray to pound, Breach, Fragile.] 1. To strain apart; to sever by fracture; to divide with violence; as, to break a rope or chain; to break a seal; to break an axle; to break rocks or coal; to break a lock.
Shak.
2. To lay open as by breaking; to divide; as, to break a package of goods.
3. To lay open, as a purpose; to disclose, divulge, or communicate.
Katharine, break thy mind to me.
Shak.
4. To infringe or violate, as an obligation, law, or promise.
Out, out, hyena ? these are thy wonted arts...
To break all faith, all vows, deceive, betray.
Milton
5. To interrupt; to destroy the continuity of; to dissolve or terminate; as, to break silence; to break one's sleep; to break one's journey.
Go, release them, Ariel;
My charms I'll break, their senses I'll restore.
Shak.
6. To destroy the completeness of; to remove a part from; as, to break a set.
7. To destroy the arrangement of; to throw into disorder; to pierce; as, the cavalry were not able to break the British squares.
8. To shatter to pieces; to reduce to fragments.
The victim broke in pieces the musical instruments with which he had solaced the hours of captivity.
Prescott.
9. To exchange for other money or currency of smaller denomination; as, to break a five dollar bill.
10. To destroy the strength, firmness, or consistency of; as, to break flax.
11. To weaken or impair, as health, spirit, or mind.
An old man, broken with the storms of state.
Shak.
12. To diminish the force of; to lessen the shock of, as a fall or blow.
I'll rather leap down first, and break your fall.
Dryden.
13. To impart, as news or information; to broach; with to, and often with a modified word implying some reserve; as, to break the news gently to the widow; to break a purpose cautiously to a friend.
14. To tame; to reduce to subjection; to make tractable; to discipline; as, to break a horse to the harness or saddle. To break a colt.
Spenser.
Why, then thou canst not break her to the lute?
Shak.
15. To destroy the financial credit of; to make bankrupt; to ruin.
With arts like these rich Matho, when he speaks,
Attracts all fees, and little lawyers breaks.
Dryden.
16. To destroy the official character and standing of; to cashier; to dismiss.
I see a great officer broken.
Swift.
With prepositions or adverbs:
To break down. (a) To crush; to overwhelm; as, to break down one's strength; to break down opposition. (b) To remove, or open a way through, by breaking; as, to break down a door or wall. To break in. (a) To force in; as, to break in a door. (b) To train; to discipline; as, a horse well broken in. To break of, to rid of; to cause to abandon; as, to break one of a habit. To break off. (a) To separate by breaking; as, to break off a twig.(b) To stop suddenly; to abandon. Break off thy sins by righteousness.
Dan. iv.27.
To break open, to open by breaking. Open the door, or I will break it open.
Shak.
To break out, to take or force out by breaking; as, to break out a pane of glass. To break out a cargo, to unstow a cargo, so as to unload it easily. To break through. (a) To make an opening through, as, as by violence or the force of gravity; to pass violently through; as to break through the enemy's lines; to break through the ice. (b) To disregard; as, to break through the ceremony. To break up. (a) To separate into parts; to plow (new or fallow ground). Break up this capon.
Shak.
Break up your fallow ground.
Jer. iv. 3?
(b) To dissolve; to put an end to. Break up the court.
Shak.
To break (one) all up, to unsettle or disconcert completely; to upset. [Colloq.]
With an immediate object:
To break the back. (a) To dislocate the backbone; hence, to disable totally. (b) To get through the worst part of; as, to break the back of a difficult undertaking. To break bulk, to destroy the entirety of a load by removing a portion of it; to begin to unload; also, to transfer in detail, as from boats to cars.To break cover, to burst forth from a protecting concealment, as game when hunted. To break a deer or stag, to cut it up and apportion the parts among those entitled to a share. To break fast, to partake of food after abstinence. See Breakfast. To break ground. (a) To open the earth as for planting; to commence excavation, as for building, siege operations, and the like; as, to break ground for a foundation, a canal, or a railroad. (b) Fig.: To begin to execute any plan. (c) (Naut.) To release the anchor from the bottom. To break the heart, to crush or overwhelm (one) with grief. To break a house (Law), to remove or set aside with violence and a felonious intent any part of a house or of the fastenings provided to secure it. To break the ice, to get through first difficulties; to overcome obstacles and make a beginning; to introduce a subject. To break jail, to escape from confinement in jail, usually by forcible means. To break a jest, to utter a jest. Patroclus...the livelong day break scurril jests.
Shak.
To break joints, to lay or arrange bricks, shingles, etc., so that the joints in one course shall not coincide with those in the preceding course. To break a lance, to engage in a tilt or contest. To break the neck, to dislocate the joints of the neck. To break no squares, to create no trouble. [Obs.] To break a path, road, etc., too open a way through obstacles by force or labor. To break upon a wheel, to execute or torture, as a criminal by stretching him upon a wheel, and breaking his limbs with an iron bar; a mode of punishment formerly employed in some countries. To break wind, to give vent to wind from the anus.
Syn. To dispart; rend; tear; shatter; batter; violate; infringe; demolish; destroy; burst; dislocate.
Break (?), v. i. 1. To come apart or divide into two or more pieces, usually with suddenness and violence; to part; to burst asunder.
2. To open spontaneously, or by pressure from within, as a bubble, a tumor, a seed vessel, a bag.
Else the bottle break, and the wine runneth out.
Math. ix. 17.?
3. To burst forth; to make its way; to come to view; to appear; to dawn.
The day begins to break, and night is fied.
Shak.
And from the turf a fountain broke,
and gurgled at our feet.
Wordswoorth.
4. To burst forth violently, as a storm.
The clouds are still above; and, while I speak,
A second deluge o'er our head may break.
Shak.
5. To open up. to be scattered; t be dissipated; as, the clouds are breaking.
At length the darkness begins to break.
Macawlay.
6. To become weakened in constitution or faculties; to lose health or strength.
See how the dean begins to break;
Poor gentleman ? he droops apace.
Swift.
7. To be crushed, or overwhelmed with sorrow or grief; as, my heart is breaking.
8. To fall in business; to become bankrupt.
He that puts all upon adventures doth oftentimes break, and come to poverty.
Bacn.
9. To make an abrupt or sudden change; to change the gait; as, to break into a run or gallop.
10. To fail in musical quality; as, a singer's voice breaks when it is strained beyond its compass and a tone or note is not completed, but degenerates into an unmusical sound instead. Also, to change in tone, as a boy's voice at puberty.
11. To fall out; to terminate friendship.
To break upon the score of danger or expense is to be mean and narrowspirited.
Collier.
With prepositions or adverbs:
To break away, to disengage one's self abruptly; to come or go away against resistance.
Fear me not, man; I will not break away.
Shak.
To break down. (a) To come down by breaking; as, the coach broke down. (b) To fail in any undertaking.
He had broken down almost at the outset.
Thackeray.
To break forth, to issue; to come out suddenly, as sound, light, etc. Then shall thy light break forth as the morning.
Isa. lviii. 8;
often with into in expressing or giving vent to one's feelings. Break forth into singing, ye mountains.
Isa. xliv. 23.
To break from, to go away from abruptly.
This radiant from the circling crowd he broke.
Dryden.
To break into, to enter by breaking; as, to break into a house. To break in upon, to enter or approach violently or unexpectedly. This, this is he; softly awhile; let us not break in upon him.
Milton.
To break loose. (a) To extricate one's self forcibly. Who would not, finding way, break loose from hell?
Milton.
(b) To cast off restraint, as of morals or propriety. To break off. (a) To become separated by rupture, or with suddenness and violence. (b) To desist or cease suddenly. Nay, forward, old man; do not break off so.
Shak.
To break off from, to desist from; to abandon, as a habit. To break out. (a) To burst forth; to escape from restraint; to appear suddenly, as a fire or an epidemic. For in the wilderness

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shall waters break out, and stream in the desert.
Isa. xxxv. 6

(b) To show itself in cutaneous eruptions; said of a disease. (c) To have a rash or eruption on the akin; said of a patient. To break over, to overflow; to go beyond limits. To break up. (a) To become separated into parts or fragments; as, the ice break up in the rivers; the wreck will break up in the next storm. (b) To disperse.The company breaks up.
I.Watts.
To break upon, to discover itself suddenly to; to dawn upon. To break with. (a) To fall out; to sever one's relations with; to part friendship. It can not be the Volsces dare break with us.
Shak.
If she did not intend to marry Clive, she should have broken with him altogether.
Thackeray.
(b) To come to an explanation; to enter into conference; to speak [Obs.] I will break with her and with her father.
Shak.
Break (?), n. [See Break, v. t., and cf. Brake (the instrument), Breach, Brack a crack.] 1. An opening made by fracture or disruption.
2. An interruption of continuity; change of direction; as , a break in a wall; a break in the deck of a ship. Specifically: (a) (Arch.) A projection or recess from the face of a building. (b) (Elec.) An opening or displacement in the circuit, interrupting the electrical current.
3. An interruption; a pause; as, a break in friendship; a break in the conversation.
4. An interruption in continuity in writing or printing, as where there is an omission, an unfilled line, etc.
All modern trash is
Set forth with numerous breaks and dashes.
Swift.
5. The first appearing, as of light in the morning; the dawn; as, the break of day; the break of dawn.
6. A large fourwheeled carriage, having a straight body and calash top, with the driver's seat in front and the footman's behind.
7. A device for checking motion, or for measuring friction. See Brake, n. 9 & 10.
8. (Teleg.) See Commutator.
Breakable (?), a. Capable of being broken.
Breakage (?), n. 1. The act of breaking; a break; a breaking; also, articles broken.
2. An allowance or compensation for things broken accidentally, as in transportation or use.
Breakbone fever (?). (Med.) See Dengue.
Breakcircuit (?), n.(Elec.) A key or other device for breaking an electrical circuit.
Breakdown (?), n. 1. The act or result of breaking down, as of a carriage; downfall.
2. (a) A noisy, rapid, shuffling dance engaged in competitively by a number of persons or pairs in succession, as among the colored people of the Southern United States, and so called, perhaps, because the exercise is continued until most of those who take part in it break down. (b) Any rude, noisy dance performed by shuffling the feet, usually by one person at a time. [U.S.]
Don't clear out when the quadrilles are over, for we are going to have a breakdown to wind up with.
New Eng. Tales.
Breaker (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, breaks.
I'll be no breaker of the law.
Shak.
2. Specifically: A machine for breaking rocks, or for breaking coal at the mines; also, the building in which such a machine is placed.
3. (Naut.) A small water cask.
Totten.
4. A wave breaking into foam against the shore, or against a sand bank, or a rock or reef near the surface.
The breakers were right beneath her bows.
Longfellow.
Breakfast (?), n. [Break + fast.] 1. The first meal in the day, or that which is eaten at the first meal.
A sorry breakfast for my lord protector.
Shak.
2. A meal after fasting, or food in general.
The wolves will get a breakfast by my death.
Dryden.
Breakfast, v. i. [imp. & p. p. breakfasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Breakfasting.] To break one's fast in the morning; too eat the first meal in the day.
First, sir, I read, and then I breakfast.
Prior.
Breakfast, v. t. To furnish with breakfast.
Milton.
Breakman (?), n. See Brakeman.
Breakneck (?), n. 1. A fall that breaks the neck.
2. A steep place endangering the neck.
Breakneck (?), a. Producing danger of a broken neck; as, breakneck speed.
Breakup (?), n. Disruption; a separation and dispersion of the parts or members; as, a breakup of an assembly or dinner party; a breakup of the government.
Breakwater (?), n. Any structure or contrivance, as a mole, or a wall at the mouth of a harbor, to break the force of waves, and afford protection from their violence.
Bream(?), n. [OE. breme, brem, F. brme, OF. bresme, of German origin; cf. OHG. brahsema, brahsina, OLG. bressemo, G. brassen. Cf. Brasse.]
1. (Zol) A European freshwater cyprinoid fish of the genus Abramis, little valued as food. Several species are known.
2. (Zol) An American freshwater fish, of various species of Pomotis and allied genera, which are also called sunfishes and pondfishes. See Pondfish.
3. (Zol) A marine sparoid fish of the genus Pagellus, and allied genera. See Sea Bream.
Bream, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Breamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Breaming.] [Cf. Broom, and G. ein schiff brennen.] (Naut.) To clean, as a ship's bottom of adherent shells, seaweed, etc., by the application of fire and scraping.
Breast (?), n. [OE. brest, breost, As. brest; akin to Icel. brj?st, Sw. brst, Dan. bryst, Goth. brusts, OS. briost, D. borst, G. brust.] 1. The fore part of the body, between the neck and the belly; the chest; as, the breast of a man or of a horse.
2. Either one of the protuberant glands, situated on the front of the chest or thorax in the female of man and of some other mammalia, in which milk is secreted for the nourishment of the young; a mammma; a teat.
My brother, that sucked the breasts of my mother.
Cant. viii. 1.
3. Anything resembling the human breast, or bosom; the front or forward part of anything; as, a chimney breast; a plow breast; the breast of a hill.
Mountains on whose barren breast
The laboring clouds do often rest.
Milton.
4. (Mining) (a) The face of a coal working. (b) The front of a furnace.
5. The seat of consciousness; the repository of thought and selfconsciousness, or of secrets; the seat of the affections and passions; the heart.
He has a loyal breast.
Shak.
6. The power of singing; a musical voice; so called, probably, from the connection of the voice with the lungs, which lie within the breast. [Obs.]
By my troth, the fool has an excellent breast.
Shak.
Breast drill, a portable drilling machine, provided with a breastplate, for forcing the drill against the work. Breast pang. See Angina pectoris, under Angina. To make a clean breast, to disclose the secrets which weigh upon one; to make full confession.
Breast, v. t. [imp. & p. p.Breasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Breasted.] To meet, with the breast; to struggle with or oppose manfully; as, to breast the storm or waves.
The court breasted the popular current by sustaining the demurrer.
Wirt.
To breast up a hedge, to cut the face of it on one side so as to lay bare the principal upright stems of the plants.
Breastband (?), n. A band for the breast. Specifically: (Naut.) A band of canvas, or a rope, fastened at both ends to the rigging, to support the man who heaves the lead in sounding.
Breastbeam (?), n. (Mach.) The front transverse beam of a locomotive.
Breastbone (?), n. The bone of the breast; the sternum.
Breastdeep (?), a. Deep as from the breast to the feet; as high as the breast.
See him breastdeep in earth, and famish him.
Shak.
Breasted, a. Having a breast; used in composition with qualifying words, in either a literal or a metaphorical sense; as, a singlebreasted coat.
The close minister is buttoned up, and the brave officer openbreasted, on these occasions.
Spectator.
Breastfast (?), n. (Naut.) A large rope to fasten the midship part of a ship to a wharf, or to another vessel.
Breastheight (?), n. The interior slope of a fortification, against which the garnison lean in firing.
Breasthigh (?), a. High as the breast.
Breasthook(?), n. (Naut.) A thick piece of timber in the form of a knee, placed across the stem of a ship to strengthen the fore part and unite the bows on each side.
Totten.
Breasting, n. (Mach.) The curved channel in which a breast wheel turns. It is closely adapted to the curve of the wheel through about a quarter of its circumference, and prevents the escape of the water until it has spent its force upon the wheel. See Breast wheel.
Breastknot (?), n. A pin worn of the breast for a fastening, or for ornament; a brooch.
Breastplate (?), n. 1. A plate of metal covering the breast as defensive armor.
Before his old rusty breastplate could be scoured, and his cracked headpiece mended.
Swift.
2. A piece against which the workman presses his breast in operating a breast drill, or other similar tool.
3. A strap that runs across a horse's breast.
Ash.
4. (Jewish Antiq.) A part of the vestment of the high priest, worn upon the front of the ephod. It was a double piece of richly embroidered stuff, a span square, set with twelve precious stones, on which were engraved the names of the twelve tribes of Israel. See Ephod.
Breatplow, Breastplough (?), n. A kind of plow, driven by the breast of the workman; used to cut or pare turf.
Breastrall (?), n. The upper rail of any parapet of ordinary height, as of a balcony; the railing of a quarterdeck, etc.
Breastrope(?), n. See Breastband.
Breastsummer3, n. (Arch.) A summer or girder extending across a building flush with, and supporting, the upper part of a front or external wall; a long lintel; a girder; used principally above shop windows. [Written also brestsummer and bressummer.]
Breastwheel(?), n. A water wheel, on which the stream of water strikes neither so high as in the overshot wheel, nor so low as in the undershot, but generally at about half the height of the wheel, being kept in contact with it by the breasting. The water acts on the float boards partly by impulse, partly by its weight.
Breastwork (?), n. 1. (Fort.) A defensive work of moderate height, hastily thrown up, of earth or other material.
2. (Naut.) A railing on the quarterdeck and forecastle.
Breath(?), n. [OE. breth, breeth, AS. br?? odor, scent, breath; cf. OHG. brdam steam, vapor, breath, G. brodem, and possibly E. Brawn, and Breed.] 1. The air inhaled and exhaled in respiration, air which, in the process of respiration, has parted with oxygen and has received carbonic acid, aqueous vapor, warmth, etc.
Melted as breath into the wind.
Shak.
2. The act of breathing naturally or freely; the power or capacity to breathe freely; as, I am out of breath.
3. The power of respiration, and hence, life.
Hood.
Thou takest away their breath, they die.
Ps. civ. 29.
4. Time to breathe; respite; pause.
Give me some breath, some little pause.
Shak.
5. A single respiration, or the time of making it; a single act; an instant.
He smiles and he frowns in a breath.
Dryden.
6. Fig.: That which gives or strengthens life.
The earthquake voice of victory,
To thee the breath of life.
Byron.
7. A single word; the slightest effort; a triffle.
A breath can make them, as a breath has made.
Goldsmith.
8. A very slight breeze; air in gentle motion.
Calm and unruffled as a summer's sea,
When not a breath of wind flies o'er its surface.
Addison.
9. Fragrance; exhalation; odor; perfume.
Tennison.
The breath of flowers.
Bacon.
10. Gentle exercise, causing a quicker respiration.
An after dinner's breath.
Shak.
Out of breath, breathless, exhausted; breathing with difficulty. Under one's breath, in low tones.
Breathable(?), a. Such as can be breathed.
Breathableness, n. State of being breathable.
Breathe (?),v. i. [imp. & p. p Breathed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Breathing.] [From Breath.]
1. To respire; to inhale and exhale air; hence;, to live. I am in health, I breathe.
Shak.
Breathes there a man with soul so dead?
Sir W. Scott.
2. To take breath; to rest from action.
Well? breathe awhile, and then to it again?
Shak.
3. To pass like breath; noiselessly or gently; to exhale; to emanate; to blow gently.
The air breathes upon us here most sweetly.
Shak.
There breathes a living fragrance from the shore.
Byron.
Breathe, v. t. 1. To inhale and exhale in the process of respiration; to respire.
To view the light of heaven, and breathe the vital air.
Dryden.
2. To inject by breathing; to infuse; with into.
Able to breathe life into a stone.
Shak.
And the Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life.
Gen. ii. 7.
3. To emit or utter by the breath; to utter softly; to whisper; as, to breathe a vow.
He softly breathed thy name.
Dryden.
Or let the church, our mother, breathe her curse,
A mother's curse, on her revolting son.
Shak.
4. To exhale; to emit, as breath; as, the flowers breathe odors or perfumes.
5. To express; to manifest; to give forth.
Others articles breathe the same severe spirit.
Milner.
6. To act upon by the breath; to cause to sound by breathing. They breathe the flute.
Prior.
7. To promote free respiration in; to exercise.
And every man should beat thee. I think thou wast created for men to breathe themselves upon thee.
Shak.
8. To suffer to take breath, or recover the natural breathing; to rest; as, to breathe a horse.
A moment breathed his panting steed.
Sir W. Scott.
9. To put out of breath; to exhaust.
Mr. Tulkinghorn arrives in his turret room, a little breathed by the journey up.
Dickens.
10. (Phonetics) To utter without vocality, as the nonvocal consonants.
The same sound may be pronounces either breathed, voiced, or whispered.
H. Sweet.
Breathed elements, being already voiceless, remain unchanged [in whispering].
H. Sweet.
To breathe again, to take breath; to feel a sense of relief, as from danger, responsibility, or press of business. To breathe one's last, to die; to expire. To breathe a vein, to open a vein; to let blood.
Dryden.
Breather(?), n. 1. One who breathes. Hence: (a) One who lives.(b) One who utters. (c) One who animates or inspires.
2. That which puts one out of breath, as violent exercise. [Colloq.]
Breathful (?), a. Full of breath; full of odor; fragrant. [Obs.]
Breathing(?), n. 1. Respiration; the act of inhaling and exhaling air.
Subject to a difficulty of breathing.
Melmoth.
2. Air in gentle motion.
3. Any gentle influence or operation; inspiration; as, the breathings of the Spirit.
4. Aspiration; secret prayer. Earnest desires and breathings after that blessed state.
Tillotson.
5. Exercising; promotion of respiration.
Here is a lady that wants breathing too;
And I have heard, you knights of Tyre
Are excellent in making ladies trip.
Shak.
6. Utterance; communication or publicity by words.
I am sorry to give breathing to my purpose.
Shak.
7. Breathing place; vent.
Dryden.
8. Stop; pause; delay.
You shake the head at so long a breathing.
Shak.
9. Also, in a wider sense, the sound caused by the

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? friction of the outgoing breath in the throat, mouth, etc., when the glottis is wide open; aspiration; the sound expressed by the letter h.
10. (Gr. Gram.) A mark to indicate aspiration or its absence. See Rough breathing, Smooth breathing, below.
Breathing place. (a) A pause. That csura, or breathing place, in the midst of the verse. Sir P.Sidney. (b) A vent. Breathing time, pause; relaxation. Bp. Hall. Breathing while, time sufficient for drawing breath; a short time. Shak. Rough breathing (spiritus asper) (?). See 2d Asper, n. Smooth breathing (spiritus lenis), a mark (') indicating the absence of the sound of h, as in ? (ienai).
Breathless (?), a. 1. Spent with labor or violent action; out of breath.
2. Not breathing; holdingthe breath, on account of fear, expectation, or intense interest; attended with a holding of the breath; as, breathless attention.
But breathless, as we grow when feeling most.
Byron.
3. Dead; as, a breathless body.
Breathlessly, adv. In a breathless manner.
Breathlessness, n. The state of being breathless or out of breath.
Breccia (?), n. [It., breach, pebble, fragments of stone, fr. F. brche; of German origin. See Breach.] (Geol.) A rock composed of angular fragments either of the same mineral or of different minerals, etc., united by a cement, and commonly presenting a variety of colors.
Bone breccia, a breccia containing bones, usually fragmentary. Coin breccia, a breccia containing coins.
Brecciated (?), a. Consisting of angular fragments cemented together; resembling breccia in appearance.
The brecciated appearance of many specimens [of meteorites].
H.A.Newton.
Bred (?), imp. & p.p. of Breed.
Bred out, degenerated. The strain of man's bred out into baboon and monkey. Shak. Bred to arms. See under Arms. Well bred. (a) Of a good family; having a good pedigree. A gentleman well bred and of good name. Shak. [Obs., except as applied to domestic animals.] (b) Well brought up, as shown in having good manners; cultivated; refined; polite.
Brede, or Breede (?), n. Breadth. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Brede (?), n. [See Braid woven cord.] A braid. [R.]
Half lapped in glowing gauze and golden brede.
Tennyson.
Breech (?), n. [See Breeches.] 1. The lower part of the body behind; the buttocks.
2. Breeches. [Obs.]
Shak.
3. The hinder part of anything; esp., the part of a cannon, or other firearm, behind the chamber.
4. (Naut.) The external angle of knee timber, the inside of which is called the throat.
Breech, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Breeched (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Breeching (?).] 1. To put into, or clothe with, breeches.
A great man ... anxious to know whether the blacksmith's ?oungest boy was breeched.
Macaulay.
2. To cover as with breeches. [Poetic]
THeir daggers unmannerly breeched with gore.
Shak.
3. To fit or furnish with a breech; as, to breech a gun.
4. To whip on the breech. [Obs.]
Had not a courteous serving man conveyed me away, whilst he went to fetch whips, I think, in my conscience, he would have breeched me.
Old Play.
5. To fasten with breeching.
Breechblock (?), n. The movable piece which closes the breech of a breechloading firearm, and resists the backward force of the discharge. It is withdrawn for the insertion of a cartridge, and closed again before the gun is fired.
Breechcloth (?), n. A cloth worn aroundthe breech.
Breeches (?), n. pl. [OE. brech, brek, AS. brk, pl. of brc breech, breeches; akin to Icel. brk breeches, ODan. brog, D. broek, G. bruch; cf. L. bracae, braccae, which is of Celtic origin. Cf. Brail.] 1. A garment worn by men, covering the hips and thighs; smallclothes.
His jacket was red, and his breeches were blue.
Coleridge.
2. Trousers; pantaloons. [Colloq.]
Breeches buoy, in the lifesaving service, a pair of canvas breeches depending from an annular or beltlike life buoy which is usually of cork. This contrivance, inclosing the person to be rescued, is hung by short ropes from a block which runs upon the hawser stretched from the ship to the shore, and is drawn to land by hauling lines. Breeches pipe, a forked pipe forming two branches united at one end. Knee breeches, breeches coming to the knee, and buckled or fastened there; smallclothes. To wear the breeches, to usurp the authority of the husband; said of a wife. [Colloq.]
Breeching (?), n. 1. A whipping on the breech, or the act of whipping on the breech.
I view the prince with Aristarchus' eyes,
Whose looks were as a breeching to a boy.
Marlowe.
2. That part of a harness which passes round the breech of a horse, enabling him to hold back a vehicle.
3. (Naut.) A strong rope rove through the cascabel of a cannon and secured to ringbolts in the ship's side, to limit the recoil of the gun when it is discharged.
4. The sheet iron casing at the end of boilers to convey the smoke from the flues to the smokestack.
Breechloader (?), n. A firearm which receives its load at the breech.
For cavalry, the revolver and breechloader will supersede the saber.
Rep. Sec. War (1860).
Breechloading, a. Receiving the charge at the breech instead of at the muzzle.
Breech pin (?), Breech screw (?). A strong iron or steel plug screwed into the breech of a musket or other firearm, to close the bottom of the bore.
Breech sight (?). A device attached to the breech of a firearm, to guide the eye, in conjunction with the front sight, in taking aim.
Breed (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bred (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Breeding.] [OE. breden, AS. brdanto nourish, cherish, keep warm, from brd brood; akin to D. broedento brood, OHG. bruoten, G. brten. See Brood.] 1. To produce as offspring; to bring forth; to bear; to procreate; to generate; to beget; to hatch.
Yet every mother breeds not sons alike.
Shak.
If the sun breed maggots in a dead dog.
Shak.
2. To take care of in infancy, and through the age of youth; to bring up; to nurse and foster.
To bring thee forth with pain, with care to breed.
Dryden.
Born and bred on the verge of the wilderness.
Everett.
3. To educate; to instruct; to form by education; to train; sometimes followed by up.
But no care was taken to breed him a Protestant.
Bp. Burnet.
His farm may not remove his children too far from him, or the trade he breeds them up in.
Locke.
4. To engender; to cause; to occasion; to originate; to produce; as, to breed a storm; to breed disease.
Lest the place
And my quaint habits breed astonishment.
Milton.
5. To give birth to; to be the native place of; as, a pond breeds fish; a northern country breeds stout men.
6. To raise, as any kind of stock.
7. To produce or obtain by any natural process. [Obs.]
Children would breed their teeth with less danger.
Locke.
Syn. - To engender; generate; beget; produce; hatch; originate; bring up; nourish; train; instruct.
Breed, v.i. 1. To bear and nourish young; to reproduce or multiply itself; to be pregnant.
That they breed abundantly in the earth.
Gen.viii.17.
The mother had never bred before.
Carpenter.
Ant. Is your gold and silver ewes and rams?
Shy. I can not tell. I make it breed as fast.
Shak.
2. To be formed in the parent or dam; to be generated, or to grow, as young before birth.
3. To have birth; to be produced or multiplied.
Heavens rain grace
On that which breeds between them.
Shak.
4. To raise a breed; to get progeny.
The kind of animal which you wish to breed from.
Gardner.
To breed in and in,to breed from animals of the same stock that are closely related.
Breed, n. 1. A race or variety of men or other animals (or of plants), perpetuating its special or distinctive characteristics by inheritance.
Twice fifteen thousand hearts of England's breed.
Shak.
Greyhounds of the best breed.
Carpenter.
2. Class; sort; kind; of men, things, or qualities.
Are these the breed of wits so wondered at?
Shak.
This courtesy is not of the right breed.
Shak.
3. A number produced at once; a brood. [Obs.]
Breed is usually applied to domestic animals; species or variety to wild animals and to plants; and race to men.
Breedbate (?), n. One who breeds or originates quarrels. [Obs.] No telltale nor no breedbate.
Shak.
Breeder (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, breeds, produces, brings up, etc.
She was a great breeder.
Dr. A.Carlyle.
Italy and Rome have been the best breeders of worthy men.
Ascham.
2. A cause. The breeder of my sorrow.
Shak.
Breeding (?), n. 1. The act or process of generating or bearing.
2. The raising or improving of any kind of domestic animals; as, farmers should pay attention to breeding.
3. Nurture; education; formation of manners.
She had her breeding at my father's charge.
Shak.
4. Deportment or behavior in the external offices and decorums of social life; manners; knowledge of, or training in, the ceremonies, or polite observances of society.
Delicacy of breeding, or that polite deference and respect which civility obliges us either to express or counterfeit towards the persons with whom we converse.
Hume.
5. Descent; pedigree; extraction. [Obs.]
Honest gentlemen, I know not your breeding.
Shak.
Close breeding, In and in breeding, breeding from a male and female from the same parentage. Cross breeding, breeding from a male and female of different lineage. Good breeding, politeness; genteel deportment.
Syn. - Education; instruction; nurture; training; manners. See Education.
Breeze (?), n., Breeze fly (?). [OE. brese, AS. brisa; perh. akin to OHG. brimissa, G. breme, bremse, D. brems, which are akin to G. brummen to growl, buzz, grumble, L. fremereto murmur; cf. G. brausen, Sw. brusa, Dan. bruse, to roar, rush.] (Zol.) A fly of various species, of the family Tabanid, noted for buzzing about animals, and tormenting them by sucking their blood; called also horsefly, and gadfly. They are among the largest of twowinged or dipterous insects. The name is also given to different species of botflies. [Written also breese and brize.]
Breeze, n. [F. brise; akin to It. brezza breeze, Sp. briza, brisa, a breeze from northeast, Pg. briza northeast wind; of uncertain origin; cf. F. bise, Pr. bisa, OHG. bisa, north wind, Arm. biz northeast wind.] 1. A light, gentle wind; a fresh, softblowing wind.
Into a gradual calm the breezes sink.
Wordsworth.
2. An excited or ruffed state of feeling; a flurry of excitement; a disturbance; a quarrel; as, the discovery produced a breeze. [Colloq.]
Land breeze, a wind blowing from the land, generally at night. Sea breeze, a breeze or wind blowing, generally in the daytime, from the sea.
Breeze (?), n. [F. braise cinders, live coals. See Brasier.] 1. Refuse left in the process of making coke or burning charcoal.
2. (Brickmaking) Refuse coal, coal ashes, and cinders, used in the burning of bricks.
Breeze, v.i. To blow gently. [R.]
J.Barlow.
To breeze up(Naut.), to blow with increasing freshness.
Breezeless, a. Motionless; destitute of breezes.
A stagnant, breezeless air becalms my soul.
Shenstone.
Breeziness (?), n. State of being breezy.
Breezy (?), a. 1. Characterized by, or having, breezes; airy. A breezy day in May.
Coleridge.
'Mid lawns and shades by breezy rivulets fanned.
Wordsworth.
2. Fresh; brisk; full of life. [Colloq.]
Bregma (?), n. [Gr. ? the front part of the head: cf. F. bregma.] (Anat.) The point of junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures of the skull.
Bregmatic (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the bregma.
Brehon (?), n. [Ir. breitheamh judge.] An ancient Irish or Scotch judge.
Brehon laws, the ancient Irish laws, unwritten, like the common law of England. They were abolished by statute of Edward III.
Breme (?), a. [OE. breme, brime, fierce, impetuous, glorious, AS. brme, br?me, famous. Cf. Brim, a.] 1. Fierce; sharp; severe; cruel. [Obs.]
Spenser.
From the septentrion cold, in the breme freezing air.
Drayton.
2. Famous; renowned; well known.
Wright.
[Written also brim and brimme.]
Bren (?), Brenne (?), } v.t. & i. [imp. & p.p. Brent (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brenning.] [See Burn.] To burn. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Consuming fire brent his shearing house or stall.
W.Browne.
Bren, n. Bran. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Brennage (?), n. [OF. brenage; cf. LL. brennagium, brenagium.See Bran.] (Old Eng. Law) A tribute which tenants paid to their lord, in lieu of bran, which they were obliged to furnish for his hounds.
Brenningly, adv. Burningly; ardently. [Obs.]
Brent (?), Brant (?), a. [AS. brant; akin to Dan. brat, Icel. brattr, steep.] 1. Steep; high. [Obs.]
Grapes grow on the brant rocks so wonderfully that ye will marvel how any man dare climb up to them.
Ascham.
2. Smooth; unwrinkled. [Scot.]
Your bonnie brow was brent.
Burns.
Brent, imp. & p.p. of Bren. Burnt. [Obs.]
Brent, n. [Cf. Brant.] A brant. See Brant.
Brequet chain (?). A watchguard.
Brere (?), n. A brier. [Archaic]
Chaucer.
Brest (?), 3d sing.pr. for Bursteth. [Obs.]
Brest, Breast (?), n. (Arch.) A torus. [Obs.]
Breste (?), v.t. & i. [imp. Brast; p.p. Brusten, Borsten, Bursten.] To burst. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Brestsummer (?), n. See Breastsummer.
Bret (?), n. (Zol.) See Birt.
Bretful (?), a. [OE. also brerdful, fr. brerd top, brim, AS. brerd.] Brimful. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Brethren (?), n.; pl. of Brother.
This form of the plural is used, for the most part, in solemn address, and in speaking of religious sects or fraternities, or their members.
Breton (?), a. [F. breton.] Of or relating to Brittany, or Bretagne, in France. n. A native or inhabitant of Brittany, or Bretagne, in France; also, the ancient language of Brittany; Armorican.
Brett (?), n. Same as Britzska.
Brettice (?), n.; pl. Brettices (?). [OE. bretasce, bretage, parapet, OF. bretesche wooden tower, F. bretche, LL. breteschia, bertresca, prob. fr. OHG. bret, G. brett board; akin to E. board. See Board, n., and cf. Bartizan.] The wooden boarding used in supporting the roofs and walls of coal mines. See Brattice.
Bretwalda (?), n. [AS. Bretwalda, br?ten walda, a powerful ruler.] (Eng. Hist.) The official title applied to that one of the AngloSaxon chieftains who was chosen by the other chiefs to lead them in their warfare against the British tribes.
Brande & C.
Bretzel (?), n. [G.] See Pretzel.
Breve (?), n. [It. & (in sense 2) LL. breve, fr. L. brevis short. See Brief.] 1. (Mus.) A note or character of time, equivalent to two semibreves or four minims. When dotted, it is equal to three semibreves. It was formerly of a square figure (as thus: ? ), but is now made oval, with a line perpendicular to the staff on each of its sides; formerly much used for choir service.
Moore.
2. (Law) Any writ or precept under seal, issued out of any court.
3. (Print.) A curved mark [?] used commonly to indicate the short quantity of a vowel.
4. (Zol.) The great ant thrush of Sumatra (Pitta gigas), which has a very short tail.
Brevet (?), n. [F. brevet, LL. brevetum, fr. L. brevis short. See Brief.] 1. A warrant from the government, granting a privilege, title, or dignity. [French usage].
2. (Mil.) A commission giving an officer higher rank than that for which he receives pay; an honorary promotion of an officer.
In the United States army, rank by brevet is conferred, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, for gallant actions or meritorious services. A brevet rank gives no right of command in the particular corps to which the officer brevetted belongs, and can be exercised only by special assignment of the President, or on court martial, and detachments composed of different corps, with pay of the brevet rank when on such duty.

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Brevet (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brevetted (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brevetting.] (Mil.) To confer rank upon by brevet.
Brevet, a. (Mil.) Taking or conferring rank by brevet; as, a brevet colonel; a brevet commission.
Brevetcy (?), n.; pl. Brevetcies (?). (Mil.)The rank or conditionof a brevet officer.
Breviary (?), n.; pl. Breviaries (?). [F. brviarie, L. breviarium summary, abridgment, neut. noun fr. breviarius abridged, fr. brevis short. See Brief, and cf. Brevier.] 1. An abridgment; a compend; an epitome; a brief account or summary.
A book entitled the abridgment or breviary of those roots that are to be cut up or gathered.
Holland.
2. A book containing the daily public or canonical prayers of the Roman Catholic or of the Greek Church for the seven canonical hours, namely, matins and lauds, the first, third, sixth, and ninth hours, vespers, and compline; distinguishedfrom the missal.
Breviate (?), n. [L. breviatus, p.p. of breviareto shorten, brevis short.] 1. A short compend; a summary; a brief statement.
I omit in this breviate to rehearse.
Hakluyt.
The same little breviates of infidelity have ... been published and dispersed with great activity.
Bp. Porteus.
2. A lawyer's brief. [R.]
Hudibras.
Breviate (?), v.t. To abbreviate. [Obs.]
Breviature (?), n. An abbreviature; an abbreviation. [Obs.]
Johnson.
Brevier (?), n. [Prob. from being originally used in printing a breviary. See Breviary.] (Print.) A size of type between bourgeous and minion.
This line is printed in brevier type. ?
Breviloquence (?), n. [L. breviloquentia.] A brief and pertinent mode of speaking. [R.]
Breviped (?), a. [L. brevis short + pes, pedis, foot: cf. F. brvipde.] (Zol.) Having short legs. n. A breviped bird.
Brevipen (?), n. [L. brevis short + penna wing: cf. F. brvipenne.] (Zol.) A brevipennate bird.
Brevipennate (?), a. [L. brevis short + E. pennate.] (Zol.) Shortwinged; applied to birds which can not fly, owing to their short wings, as the ostrich, cassowary, and emu.
Brevirostral (?), Brevirostrate (?), } a. [L. brevis short + E. rostral, rostrate.] (Zol.) Shortbilled; having ashort beak.
Brevity (?), n.; pl. Brevities (?). [L. brevitas, fr. brevis short: cf. F. brivit. See Brief.] 1. Shortness of duration; briefness of time; as, the brevity of human life.
2. Contraction into few words; conciseness.
Brevity is the soul of wit.
Shak.
This argument is stated by St. John with his usual elegant brevity and simplicity.
Bp. Porteus.
Syn. - Shortness; conciseness; succinctness; terseness.
Brew (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brewed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brewing.] [OE. brewen, AS. brewan; akin to D. brouwen, OHG. priuwan, MHG. briuwen, br?wen, G. brauen, Icel. brugga, Sw. brygga, Dan. brygge, and perh. to L. defrutum must boiled down, Gr. ? (for ??) a kind of beer. The original meaning seems to have been to prepare by heat. 93.Cf. Broth, Bread.] 1. To boil or seethe; to cook. [Obs.]
2. To prepare, as beer or other liquor, from malt and hops, or from other materials, by steeping, boiling, and fermentation. She brews good ale.
Shak.
3. To prepare by steeping and mingling; to concoct.
Go, brew me a pottle of sack finely.
Shak.
4. To foment or prepare, as by brewing; to contrive; to plot; to concoct; to hatch; as, to brew mischief.
Hence with thy brewed enchantments, foul deceiver!
Milton.
Brew (?), v.i. 1. To attend to the business, or go through the processes, of brewing or making beer.
I wash, wring, brew, bake, scour.
Shak.
2. To be in a state of preparation; to be mixing, forming, or gathering; as, a storm brews in the west.
There is some ill abrewing towards my rest.
Shak.
Brew (?), n. The mixture formed by brewing; that which is brewed.
Bacon.
Brewage (?), n. Malt liquor; drink brewed. Some wellspiced brewage.
Milton.
A rich brewage, made of the best Spanish wine.
Macaulay.
Brewer (?), n. One who brews; one whose occupation is to prepare malt liquors.
Brewery (?), n. A brewhouse; the building and apparatus where brewing is carried on.
Brewhouse (?), n. A house or building appropriated to brewing; a brewery.
Brewing (?), n. 1. The act or process of preparing liquors which are brewed, as beer and ale.
2. The quantity brewed at once.
A brewing of new beer, set by old beer.
Bacon.
3. A mixing together.
I am not able to avouch anything for certainty, such a brewing and sophistication of them they make.
Holland.
4. (Naut.) A gathering or formingof a storm or squall, indicated by thick, dark clouds.
Brewis (?), n. [OE. brewis, brouwys, browesse, brewet, OF. brouet, s being the OF. ending of the nom. sing. and acc. pl.; dim. of OHG. brod. 93. See Broth, and cf. Brose.] 1. Broth or pottage. [Obs.]
Let them of their Bonner's beef and broth make what brewis they please for their credulous guests.
Bp. Hall.
2. Bread soaked in broth, drippings of roast meat, milk, or water and butter.
Brewsterite (?), n. [Named after Sir David Brewster.] A rare zeolitic mineral occurring in white monolitic crystals with pearly luster. It is a hydrous silicate of aluminia, baryta, and strontia.
Brezilin (?), n. See Brazilin.
Briar (?), n. Same as Brier.
Briarean (?), a. [L. Briareius, fr. Briareus a mythological hundredhanded giant, Gr. ?, fr. ? strong.] Pertaining to, or resembling, Briareus, a giant fabled to have a hundred hands; hence, hundredhanded or manyhanded.
Bribable (?), a. Capable of being bribed.
A more bribable class of electors.
S.Edwards.
Bribe (?), n. [F. bribe a lump of bread, scraps, leavings of meals (that are generally given to a beggar), LL. briba scrap of bread; cf. OF. briber, brifer, to eat gluttonously, to beg, and OHG. bilibi food.] 1. A gift begged; a present. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. A price, reward, gift, or favor bestowed or promised with a view to prevent the judgment or corrupt the conduct of a judge, witness, voter, or other person in a position of trust.
Undue rewardfor anything against justice is a bribe.
Hobart.
3. That which seduces; seduction; allurement.
Not the bribes of sordid wealth can seduce to leave these ever?blooming sweets.
Akenside.
Bribe, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bribed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bribing.] 1. To rob or steal. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. To give or promise a reward or consideration to (a judge, juror, legislator, voter, or other person in a position of trust) with a view to prevent the judgment or corrupt the conduct; to induce or influence by a bribe; to give a bribe to.
Neither is he worthy who bribes a man to vote against his conscience.
F.W.Robertson.
3. To gain by a bribe; of induce as by a bribe.
Bribe, v.i. 1. To commit robbery or theft. [Obs.]
2. To give a bribe to a person; to pervert the judgment or corrupt the action of a person in a position of trust, by some gift or promise.
An attempt to bribe, though unsuccessful, has been holden to be criminal, and the offender may be indicted.
Bouvier.
The bard may supplicate, but cannot bribe.
Goldsmith.
Bribeless, a. Incapable of being bribed; free from bribes.
From thence to heaven's bribeless hall.
Sir W.Raleigh.
Bribeer (?), n. 1. A thief. [Obs.]
Lydgate.
2. One who bribes, or pays for corrupt practices.
3. That which bribes; a bribe.
His service ... were a sufficient briber for his life.
Shak.
Bribeery (?), n.; pl. Briberies (?). [OE. brybery rascality, OF. briberie. See Bribe, n.] 1. Robbery; extortion. [Obs.]
2. The act or practice of giving or taking bribes; the act of influencing the official or political action of another by corrupt inducements.
Bribery oath, an oath taken by a person that he has not been bribed as to voting. [Eng.]
Brica brac (?), n. [F.] Miscellaneous curiosities and works of decorative art, considered collectively.
A piece of bricabrac, any curious or antique article of virtu, as a piece of antiquated furniture or metal work, or an odd knickknack.
Brick (?), n. [OE. brik, F. brique; of Ger. origin; cf. AS. brice a breaking, fragment, Prov. E. brique piece, brique de pain, equiv. to AS. hlfes brice, fr. the root of E. break. See Break.] 1. A block or clay tempered with water, sand, etc., molded into a regular form, usually rectangular, and sundried, or burnt in a kiln, or in a heap or stack called a clamp.
The Assyrians appear to have made much less use of bricks baked in the furnace than the Babylonians.
Layard.
2. Bricks, collectively, as designating that kind of material; as, a load of brick; a thousand of brick.
Some of Palladio's finest examples are of brick.
Weale.
3. Any oblong rectangular mass; as, a brick of maple sugar; a penny brick (of bread).
4. A good fellow; a merry person; as, you 're a brick. [Slang] He 's a dear little brick.
Thackeray.
To have a brick in one's hat, to be drunk. [Slang]
Brick is used adjectively or in combination; as, brick wall; brick clay; brick color; brick red.
Brick clay, clay suitable for, or used in making, bricks. Brick dust, dust of pounded or broken bricks. Brick earth, clay or earth suitable for, or used in making, bricks. Brick loaf, a loaf of bread somewhat resembling a brick in shape. Brick nogging(Arch.), rough brickwork used to fill in the spaces between the uprights of a wooden partition; brick filling. Brick tea, tea leaves and young shoots, or refuse tea, steamed or mixed with fat, etc., and pressed into the form of bricks. It is used in Northern and Central Asia. S.W.Williams. Brick trimmer (Arch.), a brick arch under a hearth, usually within the thickness of a wooden floor, to guard against accidents by fire. Brick trowel. See Trowel. Brick works, a place where bricks are made. Bath brick. See under Bath, a city. Pressed brick, bricks which, before burning, have been subjected to pressure, to free them from the imperfections of shape and texture which are common in molded bricks.
Brick, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bricked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bricking.] 1. To lay or pave with bricks; to surround, line, or construct with bricks.
2. To imitate or counterfeit a brick wall on, as by smearing plaster with red ocher, making the joints with an edge tool, and pointing them.
To brick up, to fill up, inclose, or line, with brick.
Brickbat (?), n. A piece or fragment of a brick. See Bat, 4.
Bacon.
Brickkiln (?), n. A kiln, or furnace, in which bricks are baked or burnt; or a pile of green bricks, laid loose, with arches underneath to receive the wood or fuel for burning them.
Bricklayer (?), n. [Brick + lay.] One whose pccupation is to build with bricks.
Bricklayer's itch. See under Itch.
Bricklaying, n. The art of building with bricks, or of uniting them by cement or mortar into various forms; the act or occupation of laying bricks.
Brickle (?), a. [OE. brekil, brokel, bruchel, fr. AS. brecan, E. break. Cf. Brittle.] Brittle; easily broken. [Obs. or Prov.]
Spenser.
As stubborn steel excels the brickle glass.
Turbervile.
Brickleness, n. Brittleness. [Obs.]
Brickmaker (?), n. One whose occupation is to make bricks. Brickmaking, n.
Brickwork (?), n. 1. Anything made of bricks.
Niches in brickwork form the most difficult part of the bricklayer's art.
Tomlinson.
2. The act of building with or laying bricks.
Bricky (?), a. Full of bricks; formed of bricks; resembling bricks or brick dust. [R.]
Spenser.
Brickyard (?), n. A place where bricks are made, especially an inclosed place.
Bricole (?), n. [F.] (Mil.) A kind of traces with hooks and rings, with which men drag and maneuver guns where horses can not be used.
Brid (?), n. A bird. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Bridal (?), a. [From Bride. Cf. Bridal, n.] Of or pertaining to a bride, or to wedding; nuptial; as, bridal ornaments; a bridal outfit; a bridal chamber.
Bridal, n. [OE. bridale, brudale, AS. br?dealo brideale, bridal feast. See Bride, and Ale, 2.] A nuptia; festival or ceremony; a marriage.
Sweet day, so cool, so calm, so bright,
The bridal of the earth and sky.
Herbert.
Bridalty (?), n. Celebration of the nuptial feast. [Obs.] In honor of this bridalty.
B.Jonson.
Bride (?), n. [OE. bride, brid, brude, brud, burd, AS. br?d; akin to OFries. breid, OSax. br?d, D. bruid, OHG. pr?t, br?t, G. braut, Icel. br??r, Sw. & Dan. brud, Goth. br33s; cf. Armor. pried spouse, W. priawd a married person.] 1. A woman newly married, or about to be married.
Has by his own experience tried
How much the wife is dearer than the bride.
Lyttleton.
I will show thee the bride, the Lamb's wife.
Rev.xxi.9.
2. Fig.: An object ardently loved.
Bride of the sea, the city of Venice.
Bride, v.t. To make a bride of. [Obs.]
Brideale (?), n. [See Bridal.] A rustic wedding feast; a bridal. See Ale.
The man that 's bid to brideale, if he ha' cake,
And drink enough, he need not fear his stake.
B.Jonson.
Bridebed (?), n. The marriage bed. [Poetic]
Bridecake (?), n. Rich or highly ornamented cake, to be distributed to the guests at a wedding, or sent to friends after the wedding.
Bridechamber (?), n. The nuptial appartment.
Matt.ix.15.
Bridegroom (?), n. [OE. bridegome, brudgume, AS. br?dguma (akin to OS. br?digumo, D. bruidegom, bruigom, OHG. pr?tigomo, MHG. briutegome, G. brutigam); AS. br?dbride + guma man, akin to Goth. guma, Icel. gumi, OHG. gomo, L. homo; the insertion of r being caused by confusion with groom. See Bride, and cf. Groom, Homage.] A man newly married, or just about to be married.
Brideknot (?), n. A knot of ribbons worn by a guest at a wedding; a wedding favor. [Obs.]
Bridemaid (?), n., Brideman (?), n. See Bridesmaid, Bridesman.
Bridesmaid (?), n. A female friend who attends on a bride at her wedding.
Bridesman (?), n.; pl. Bridesmen (?). A male friend who attends upon a bridegroom and bride at their marriage; the best man.
Sir W.Scott.
Bridestake (?), n. A stake or post set in the ground, for guests at a wedding to dance round.
Divide the broad bridecake
Round about the bridestake.
B.Jonson.
Bridewell (?), n. A house of correction for the confinement of disorderly persons; so called from a hospital built in 1553 near St. Bride's (or Bridget's) well, in London, which was subsequently a penal workhouse.
Bridge (?), n. [OE. brig, brigge, brug, brugge, AS. brycg, bricg; akin to Fries. bregge, D. brug, OHG. bruccu, G. brcke, Icel. bryggja pier, bridge, Sw. brygga, Dan. brygge, and prob. Icel. br?bridge, Sw. & Dan. brobridge, pavement, and possibly to E. brow.] 1. A structure, usually of wood, stone, brick, or iron, erected over a river or other water course, or over a chasm, railroad, etc., to make a passageway from one bank to the other.
2. Anything supported at the ends, which serves to keep some other thing from resting upon the object spanned, as in engraving, watchmaking, etc., or which forms a platform or staging over which something passes or is conveyed.
3. (Mus.) The small arch or bar at right angles to the strings of a violin, guitar, etc., serving of raise them and transmit their vibrations to the body of the instrument.
4. (Elec.) A device to measure the resistance of a wire or other conductor forming part of an electric circuit.
5. A low wall or vertical partition in the fire chamber of a furnace, for deflecting flame, etc.; usually called a bridge wall.
Aqueduct bridge. See Aqueduct. Asses' bridge, Bascule bridge, Bateau bridge. See under Ass, Bascule, Bateau. Bridge of a steamer(Naut.), a narrow platform across the deck, above the rail, for the convenience of the officer in charge of the ship; in paddlewheel vessels it connects the paddle boxes. Bridge of the nose, the upper, bony part of the nose. Cantalever bridge. See under Cantalever. Draw bridge. See Drawbridge. Flying bridge, a temporary bridge suspended or floating, as for the passage of armies; also, a floating structure connected by a cable with an anchor or pier up stream, and made to pass from bank to bank by the action of the current or other means. Girder bridgeor Truss bridge, a bridge formed by girders, or by trusses resting upon abutments or piers. Lattice bridge, a bridge formed by lattice girders. Pontoon bridge, Ponton bridge. See under Pontoon. Skew bridge, a bridge built obliquely from bank to bank, as sometimes required in railway engineering. Suspension bridge. See under Suspension. Trestle bridge, a bridge formed of a series of short, simple girders resting on trestles. Tubular bridge, a bridge in the form of a hollow trunk or rectangular tube, with cellular walls made of iron plates riveted together, as the Britannia bridge over the Menai Strait, and the Victoria bridge at Montreal. Wheatstone's bridge (Elec.), a device for the measurement of resistances, so called because the balance between the resistances to be measured is indicated by the absence of a current in a certain wire forming a bridge or connection between two points of the apparatus; invented by Sir Charles Wheatstone.

<-- p. 181 -->

Bridge (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bridged (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bridging.] 1. To build a bridge or bridges on or over; as, to bridge a river.
Their simple engineering bridged with felled trees the streams which could not be forded.
Palfrey.
2. To open or make a passage, as by a bridge.
Xerxes ... over Hellespont
Bridging his way, Europe with Asia joined.
Milton.
3. To find a way of getting over, as a difficulty; generally with over.
Bridgeboard (?), n. 1. (Arch.) A notched board to which the treads and risers of the steps of wooden stairs are fastened.
2. A board or plank used as a bridge.
Bridgehead (?), n. A fortification commanding the extremity of a bridge nearest the enemy, to insure the preservation and usefulness of the bridge, and prevent the enemy from crossing; a ttedepont.
Bridgeless, a. Having no bridge; not bridged.
Bridgepot (?), n. (Mining) The adjustable socket, or step, of a millstone spindle.
Knight.
Bridgetree (?), n. [Bridge + tree a beam.] (Mining) The beam which supports the spindle socket of the runner in a grinding mill.
Knight.
Bridgeward (?), n. 1. Abridge keeper; a warden or a guard for a bridge. [Obs.]
Sir W.Scott.
2. The principal ward of a key.
Knight.
Bridgeing (?), n. (Arch.) The system of bracing used between floor or other timbers to distribute the weight.
Bridging joist. Same as Binding joist.
Bridgey (?), a. Full of bridges. [R.]
Sherwood.
Bridle (?), n. [OE. bridel, AS. bridel; akin to OHG. britil, brittil, D. breidel, and possibly to E. braid. Cf. Bridoon.] 1. The head gear with which a horse is governed and restrained, consisting of a headstall, a bit, and reins, with other appendages.
2. A restraint; a curb; a check.
I.Watts.
3. (Gun.) The piece in the interior of a gun lock, which holds in place the timbler, sear, etc.
4. (Naut.) (a) A span of rope, line, or chain made fast as both ends, so that another rope, line, or chain may be attached to its middle. (b) A mooring hawser.
Bowline bridle. See under Bowline. Branches of a bridle. See under Branch. Bridle cable (Naut.), a cable which is bent to a bridle. See 4, above. Bridle hand, the hand which holds the bridle in riding; the left hand. Bridle path, Bridle way, a path or way for saddle horses and pack horses, as distinguished from a road for vehicles. Bridle port (Naut.), a porthole or opening in the bow through which hawsers, mooring or bridle cables, etc., are passed. Bridle rein, a rein attached to the bit. Bridle road. (a) Same as Bridle path. Lowell. (b) A road in a pleasure park reserved for horseback exercise. Bridle track, a bridle path. Scolding bridle. See Branks, 2.
Syn. - A check; restrain.
Bridle, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bridled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bridling (?).] 1. To put a bridle upon; to equip with a bridle; as, to bridle a horse.
He bridled her mouth with a silkweed twist.
Drake.
2. To restrain, guide, or govern, with, or as with, a bridle; to check, curb, or control; as, to bridle the passions; to bridle a muse.
Addison.
Savoy and Nice, the keys of Italy, and the citadel in her hands to bridle Switzerland, are in that consolidation.
Burke.
Syn. - To check; restrain; curb; govern; control; repress; master; subdue.
Bridle, v.i. To hold up the head, and draw in the chin, as an expression of pride, scorn, or resentment; to assume a lofty manner; usually with up. His bridling neck.
Wordsworth.
By her bridling up I perceived she expected to be treated hereafter not as Jenny Distaff, but Mrs. Tranquillus.
Tatler.
Bridle iron (?). (Arch.) A strong flat bar of iron, so bent as to support, as in a stirrup, one end of a floor timber, etc., where no sufficient bearing can be had; called also stirrupand hanger.
Bridler (?), n. One who bridles; one who restrains and governs, as with a bridle.
Milton.
Bridoon (?), n. [F. bridon, from bride; of German origin. See Bridle, n.] (Mil.) The snaffle and rein of a military bridle, which acts independently of the bit, at the pleasure of the rider. It is used in connection with a curb bit, which has its own rein.
Campbell.
Brief (?), a. [OE. bref, F. brief, bref, fr. L. brevis; akin to Gr. ? short, and perh. to Skr. barhto tear. Cf. Breve.] 1. Short in duration.
How brief the life of man.
Shak.
2. Concise; terse; succinct.
The brief style is that which expresseth much in little.
B.Jonson.
3. Rife; common; prevalent. [Prov. Eng.]
In brief. See under Brief, n.
Syn. - Short; concise; succinct; summary; compenduous; condensed; terse; curt; transistory; shortlived.
Brief, adv. 1. Briefly. [Obs. or Poetic]
Adam, faltering long, thus answered brief.
Milton.
2. Soon; quickly. [Obs.]
Shak.
Brief (?), n. [See Brief, a., and cf. Breve.] 1. A short concise writing or letter; a statement in few words.
Bear this sealed brief,
With winged hastle, to the lord marshal.
Shak.
And she told me
In a sweet, verbal brief.
Shak.
2. An epitome.
Each woman is a briefof womankind.
Overbury.
3. (Law) An abridgment or concise statement of a client's case, made out for the instruction of counsel in a trial at law. This word is applied also to a statement of the heads or points of a law argument.
It was not without some reference to it that I perused many a brief.
Sir J.Stephen.
In England, the brief is prepared by the attorney; in the United States, counsel generally make up their own briefs.
4. (Law) A writ; a breve. See Breve, n., 2.
5. (Scots Law) A writ issuing from the chancery, directed to any judge ordinary, commanding and authorizing that judge to call a jury to inquire into the case, and upon their verdict to pronounce sentence.
6. A letter patent, from proper authority, authorizing a collection or charitable contribution of money in churches, for any public or private purpose. [Eng.]
Apostolical brief, a letter of the pope written on fine parchment in modern characters, subscribed by the secretary of briefs, dated a die Nativitatis, i.e., from the day of the Nativity, and sealed with the ring of the fisherman. It differs from a bull, in its parchment, written character, date, and seal. See Bull. Brief of title, an abstract or abridgment of all the deeds and other papers constituting the chain of title to any real estate. In brief, in a few words; in short; briefly. Open the matter in brief.
Shak.
Brief, v.t. To make an abstract or abridgment of; to shorten; as, to brief pleadings.
Briefless (?), a. Having no brief; without clients; as, a briefless barrister.
Briefly (?), adv. Concisely; in few words.
Briefman (?), n. 1. One who makes a brief.
2. A copier of a manuscript.
Briefness (?), n. The quality of being brief; brevity; conciseness in discourse or writing.
Brier, Briar (?), n. [OE. brere, brer, AS. brr, brr; cf. Ir. briar prickle, thorn, brier, pin, Gael. preas bush, brier, W. prys, prysg.] 1. A plant with a slender woody stem bearing stout prickles; especially, species of Rosa, Rubus, and Smilax.
2. Fig.: Anything sharp or unpleasant to the feelings.
The thorns and briers of reproof.
Cowper.
Brier root, the root of the southern Smilax laurifolia and S. Walleri; used for tobacco pipes. Cat brier, Green brier, several species of Smilax (S. rotundifolia, etc.) Sweet brier (Rosa rubiginosa). See Sweetbrier. Yellow brier, the Rosa Eglantina.
Briered (?), a. Set with briers.
Chatterton.
Briery (?), a. Full of briers; thorny.
Briery, n. A place where briers grow.
Huloet.
Brig (?), n. A bridge. [Scot.]
Burns.
Brig, n. [Shortened from Brigantine.] (Naut.) A twomasted, squarerigged vessel.
Hermaphrodite brig, a twomasted vessel squarerigged forward and schoonerrigged aft. See Illustration in Appendix.
Brigade (?), n. [F. brigade, fr. It. brigata troop, crew, brigade, originally, a contending troop, fr. briga trouble, quarrel. See Brigand.] 1. (Mil.) A body of troops, whether cavalry, artillery, infantry, or mixed, consisting of two or more regiments, under the command of a brigadier general.
Two or more brigades constitute a division, commanded by a major general; two or more divisions constitute an army corps, or corps d'arme. [U.S.]
2. Any body of persons organized for actingor marching together under authority; as, a fire brigade.
Brigade inspector, an officer whose duty is to inspect troops in companies before they are mustered into service. Brigade major, an officer who may be attached to a brigade to assist the brigadier in his duties.
Brigade, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brigaded; p.pr. & vb.n. Brigading.] (Mil.) To form into a brigade, or into brigades.
Brigadier general (?). [F. brigadier, fr. brigade.] (Mil.) An officer in rank next above a colonel, and below a major general. He commands a brigade, and is sometimes called, by a shortening of his title, simple a brigadier.
Brigand (?), n. [F. brigand, OF. brigant lightarmed soldier, fr. LL. brigans lightarmed soldier (cf. It. brigante.) fr. brigare to strive, contend, fr. briga quarrel; prob. of German origin, and akin to E. break; cf. Goth. brikanto break, brakja strife. Cf. Brigue.] 1. A lightarmed, irregular foot soldier. [Obs.]
2. A lawless fellow who lives by plunder; one of a band of robbers; especially, one of a gang living in mountain retreats; a highwayman; a freebooter.
Giving them not a little the air of brigands or banditti.
Jeffery.
Brigandage (?), n. [F. brigandage.] Life and practice of brigands; highway robbery; plunder.
Brigandine (?), n. [F. brigandine (cf. It. brigantina), fr. OF. brigant. See Brigand.] A coast of armor for the body, consistingof scales or plates, sometimes overlappingeach other, generally of metal, and sewed to linen or other material. It was worn in the Middle Ages. [Written also brigantine.]
Jer.xlvi.4.
Then put on all thy gorgeous arms, thy helmet,
And brigandine of brass.
Milton.
Brigandish (?), a. Like a brigand or freebooter; robberlike.
Brigandism (?), n. Brigandage.
Brigantine (?), n. [F. brigantin, fr. It. brigantino, originally, a practical vessel. See Brigand, and cf. Brig] 1. A practical vessel. [Obs.]
2. A twomasted, squarerigged vessel, differing from a brig in that she does not carry a square mainsail.
3. See Brigandine.
Brigge (?), n. A bridge. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Bright (?), v.i. See Brite, v.i.
Bright (?), a. [OE. briht, AS. beorht, briht; akin to OS. berht, OHG. beraht, Icel. bjartr, Goth. barhts. 94.] 1. Radiating or reflecting light; shedding or having much light; shining; luminous; not dark.
The sun was bright o'erhead.
Longfellow.
The earth was dark, but the heavens were bright.
Drake.
The public places were as bright as at noonday.
Macaulay.
2. Transmitting light; clear; transparent.
From the brightest wines
He 'd turn abhorrent.
Thomson.
3. Having qualities that render conspicuous or attractive, or that affect the mind as light does the eye; resplendent with charms; as, bright beauty.
Bright as an angel newdropped from the sky.
Parnell.
4. Having a clear, quick intellect; intelligent.
5. Sparkling with wit; lively; vivacious; shedding cheerfulness and joy around; cheerful; cheery.
Be bright and jovial among your guests.
Shak.
6. Illustrious; glorious.
In the brightest annals of a female reign.
Cotton.
7. Manifest to the mind, as light is to the eyes; clear; evident; plain.
That he may with more ease, with brighter evidence, and with surer success, draw the bearner on.
I.Watts.
8. Of brilliant color; of lively hue or appearance.
Here the bright crocus and blue violet grew.
Pope.
Bright is used in composition in the sense of brilliant, clear, sunny, etc.; as, brighteyed, brighthaired, brighthued.
Syn. - Shining; splending; luminous; lustrous; brilliant; resplendent; effulgent; refulgent; radiant; sparkling; glittering; lucid; beamy; clear; transparent; illustrious; witty; clear; vivacious; sunny.
Bright, n. Splendor; brightness. [Poetic]
Dark with excessive bright thy skirts appear.
Milton.
Bright, adv. Brightly.
Chaucer.
I say it is the moon that shines so bright.
Shak.
Brighten, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brightened (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brightening.] From Bright, a.] 1. To make bright or brighter; to make to shine; to increase the luster of; to give a brighter hue to.
2. To make illustrious, or more distinguished; to add luster or splendor to.
The present queen would brighten her character, if she would exert her authority to instill virtues into her people.
Swift.
3. To improve or relieve by dispelling gloom or removing that which obscures and darkens; to shed light upon; to make cheerful; as, to brighten one's prospects.
An ecstasy, which mothers only feel,
Plays round my heart and brightens all my sorrow.
Philips.
4. To make acute or witty; to enliven.
Johnson.
Brighten, v.i. [AS. beorhtan.] To grow bright, or more bright; to become less dark or gloomy; to clear up; to become bright or cheerful.
And night shall brighten into day.
N.Cotton.
And, all his prospects brightening to the last,
His heaven commences ere world be past.
Goldsmith.
Brightharnessed (?), a. Having glittering armor. [Poetic]
Milton.
Brightly, adv. 1. Brilliantly; splendidly; with luster; as, brightly shining armor.
2. With lively intelligence; intelligently.
Looking brightly into the mother's face.
Hawthorne.
Brightness, n. [AS. beorhines. See Bright.] 1. The quality or state of being bright; splendor; luster; brilliancy; clearness.
A sudden brightness in his face appear.
Crabbe.
2. Acuteness(of the faculties); sharpness 9wit.
The brightness of his parts ... distinguished him.
Prior.
Syn. - Splendor; luster; radiance; resplendence; brilliancy; effulgence; glory; clearness.
Bright's disease (?). [From Dr. Bright of London, who first described it.] (Med.) An affection of the kidneys, usually inflammatory in character, and distinguished by the occurrence of albumin and renal casts in the urine. Several varieties of Bright's disease are now recognized, differing in the part of the kidney involved, and in the intensity and course of the morbid process.
Brightsome (?), a. Bright; clear; luminous; brilliant. [R.]
Marlowe.
Brigose (?), a. [LL. brigosus, It. brigoso. See Brigue, n.] Contentious; quarrelsome. [Obs.]
Puller.
Brigue (?), n. [F. brigue, fr. LL. briga quarrel. See Brigand.] A cabal, intrigue, faction, contention, strife, or quarrel. [Obs.]
Chesterfield.
Brigue, v.i. [F. briguer. See Brigue, n.] To contend for; to canvass; to solicit. [Obs.]
Bp. Hurd.
Brike (?), n. [AS. brice.] A breach; ruin; downfall; peril. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Brill (?), n. [Cf. Corn. brilli mackerel, fr. brith streaked, speckled.] (Zol.) A fish allied to the turbot (Rhombus levis), much esteemed in England for food; called also bret, pearl, prill. See Bret.
Brillante (?), adv. [It. See Brilliant, a.] (Mus.) In a gay, showy, and sparkling style.
Brillance (?), n. Brilliancy.
Tennyson.
Brillancy (?), n. [See Brilliant.] The quality of being brilliant; splendor; glitter; great brighness, whether in a literal or figurative sense.
With many readers brilliancy of style passes for affluence of thought.
Longfellow.

<-- p. 182 -->

Brilliant (?), a. [F. brillant, p.pr. of brillerto shine or sparkle (cf. Pr. & Sp. brillar, It. brillare), fr. L. beryllus a precious stone of seagreen color, Prov. It. brill. See Beryl.] 1. Sparklingwith luster; glittering; very bright; as, a brilliant star.
2. Distinguished by qualities which excite admiration; splended; shining; as, brilliant talents.
Washington was more solicitous to avoid fatal mistakes than to perform brilliant exploits.
Fisher Ames.
Syn. - See Shining.
Brilliant, n. [F. brillant. See Brilliant, a.] 1. A diamond or other gem of the finest cut, formed into faces and facets, so as to reflect and refract the light, by which it is rendered nore brilliant. It has at the middle, or top, a principal face, called the table, which is surrounded by a number of sloping facets forming a bizet; below, it has a small face or collet, parallel to the table, connected with the gridle by a pavilion of elongated facets. It is thus distinguished from the rose diamond, which is entirely covered with facets on the surface, and is flat below.
This snuffbox on the hinge see brilliants shine.
Pope.
2. (Print.) The small size of type used in England printing.
This line is printed in the type called Brilliant. ??
3. A kind of kotton goods, figured on the weaving.
Brilliantly, adv. In a brilliant manner.
Brilliantness, n. Brilliancy; splendor; glitter.
Brills (?), n. pl. [CF. G. brille spectacles, D. bril, fr. L. berillus. See Brilliant.] The hair on the eyelids of a horse.
Bailey.
Brim (?), n. [OE. brim, brimme, AS. brymme edge, border; akin to Icel. barmr, Sw. brm, Dan. brmme, G. brame, brme. Possibly the same word as AS. brim surge, sea, and properly meaning, the line of surf at the border of the sea, and akin to L. fremere to roar, murmur. Cf. Breeze a fly.] 1. The rim, border, or upper sdge of a cup, dish, or any hollow vessel used for holding anything.
Saw I that insect on this goblet's brim
I would remove it with an anxious pity.
Coleridge.
2. The edgeor margin, as of a fountain, or of the water contained in it; the brink; border.
The feet of the priest that bare the ark were dipped in the brim of the water.
Josh.iii.15.
3. The rim of a hat.
Wordsworth.
Brim, v.i. [imp. & p.p. Brimmed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brimming.] To be full to the brim. The brimming stream.
Milton.
To brim over (literally or figuratively), to be so full that some of the contents flows over the brim; as, cup brimming overwith wine; a man brimming over with fun.
Brim, v.t. To fill to the brim, upper edge, or top.
Arrange the board and brim the glass.
Tennyson.
Brim, a. Fierce; sharp; cold. See Breme. [Obs.]
Brimful (?), a. Full to the brim; completely full; ready to overflow. Her brimful eyes.
Dryden.
Brimless, a. Having no brim; as, brimless caps.
Brimmed (?), a. 1. Having a brim; usually in composition. Broadbrimmed hat.
Spectator.
2. Full to, or level with, the brim.
Milton.
Brimmer (?), n. A brimful bowl; a bumper.
Brimming, a. Full to the brim; overflowing.
Brimstone (?), n. [OE. brimston, bremston, bernston, brenston; cf. Icel. brennistein. See Burn, v.t., and Stone.] Sulphur; See Sulphur.
Brimstone, a. Made of, or pertaining to, brimstone; as, brimstone matches.
From his brimstone bed at break of day
Awalking the devil has gone.
Coleridge.
Brimstony (?), a. Containing or resembling brimstone; sulphurous.
B.Jonson.
Brin (?), n. [F.] One of the radiating sticks of a fan. The outermost are larger and longer, and are called panaches.
Knight.
Brinded (?), a. [Cf. Icel. brndttr brindled, fr. brandr brand; and OE. bernen, brinnen, to burn. See Brand, Burn.] Of a gray or tawny color with streaks of darker hue; streaked; brindled. Three brinded cows, Dryden. The brinded cat. Shak.
Brindle (?), n. [See Brindled.] 1. The state of being brindled.
2. A brindled color; also, that which is brindled.
Brindle, a. Brindled.
Brindled (?), a. [A dim. form of brinded.] Having dark streaks or spots on a gray or tawny ground; brinded. With a brindled lion played.
Churchill.
Brine (?), n. [AS. bryne a burning, salt liquor, brine, fr. brinnan, brynnan, to burn. See Burn.] 1. Water saturated or strongly inpregnated with salt; pickle; hence, any strong saline solution; also, the saline residue or strong mother liquor resultingfrom the evaporation of natural or artificial waters.
2. The ocean; the water of an ocean, sea, or salt lake.
Not long beneath the whelming brine ... he lay.
Cowper.
3. Tears; so called from their saltness.
What a deal of brine
Hath washed thy sallow cheecks for
Rosaline!
Shak.
Brine fly(Zol.), a fly of the genus Ephydra, the larv of which live in artificial brines and in salt lakes. Brine gauge, an instrument for measuring the saltnessof a liquid. Brine pan, a pit or pan of salt water, where salt is formed by cristallization. Brine pit, a salt spring or well, from which water is taken to be boiled or evaporated for making salt. Brine pump (Marine Engin.), a pump for changing the water in the boilers, so as to clear them of the brine which collects at the bottom. Brine shrimp, Brine worm(Zol.), a phyllopod crustacean of the genus Artemia, inhabiting the strong brines of salt works and natural salt lakes. See Artemia. Brine spring, a spring of salt water. Leach brine (Saltmaking), brinewhich drops from granulated salt in drying, and is preserved to be boiled again.
Brine (?), v.t. 1. To steep or saturate in brine.
2. To sprinkle with salt or brine; as, to brine hay.
Bring (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brought (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bringing.] [OE. bringen, AS. bringan; akin to OS. brengian, D. brengen, Fries. brenga, OHG. bringan, G. bringen, Goth. briggan.] 1. To convey to the place where the speaker is or is to be; to bear from a more distant to a nearer place; to fetch.
And as she was going to fetch it, he called to her, and said, Bring me, I pray thee, a morsel of bread.
1 Kings xvii.11.
To France shall we convey you safe,
And bring you back.
Shak.
2. To cause the accession or obtaining of; to procure; to make to come; to produce; to draw to.
There is nothing will bring you more honor ... than to do what right in justice you may.
Bacon.
3. To convey; to move; to carry or conduct.
In distillation, the water ... brings over with it some part of the oil of vitriol.
Sir I.Newton.
4. To persuade; to induce; to draw; to lead; to guide.
It seems so preposterous a thing ... that they do not easily bring themselves to it.
Locke.
The nature of the things ... would not suffer him to think otherwise, how, or whensoever, he is brought to reflect on them.
Locke.
5. To produce in exchange; to sell for; to fetch; as, what does coal bring per ton?
To bring about, to bring to pass; to effect; to accomplish. To bring back. (a) To recall. (b) To restore, as something borrowed, to its owner. To bring by the lee (Naut.), to incline so rapidly to leeward of the course, when a ship sails large, as to bring the lee side suddenly to the windward, any by laying the sails aback, expose her to danger of upsetting. To bringdown. (a) To cause to come down. (b) To humble or abase; as, to bring down high looks. To bring down the house, to cause tremendous applause. [Colloq.] To bring forth. (a) To produce, as young fruit. (b) To bring to light; to make manifest. To bring forward (a) To exhibit; to introduce; to produce to view. (b) To hasten; to promote; to forward. (c) To propose; to adduce; as, to bring forward arguments. Tobring home. (a) To bring to one's house. (b) To prove conclusively; as, to bring home a charge of treason. (c) To cause one to feel or appreciate by personal experience. (d) (Naut.) To lift of its place, as an anchor. To bring in. (a) To fetch from without; to import. (b) To introduce, as a bill in a deliberative assembly. (c) To return or repot to, or lay before, a court or other body; to render; as, to bring in a verdict or a report. (d) To take to an appointed place of deposit or collection; as, to bring in provisions or money for a specified object. (e) To produce, as income. (f) To induce to join. To bring off, to bear or convey away; to clear from condemnation; to cause to escape. To bring on. (a) To cause to begin. (b) To originate or cause to exist; as, to bring on a disease. Tobring one on one's way, to accompany, guide, or attend one. Tobring out, to expose; to detect; to bring to light from concealment. To bring over. (a) To fetch or bear across. (b) To convert by persuasion or other means; to cause to change sides or an opinion. Tobring to. (a) To resuscitate; to bring back to consciousnessor life, as a fainting person. (b) (Naut.) To check the course of, as of a ship, by dropping the anchor, or by counterbracing the sails so as to keep her nearly stationary (she is then said to lie to). (c) To cause (a vessel) to lie to, as by firing across her course. (d) To apply a rope to the capstan. To bring to light, to disclose; to discover; to make clear; to reveal. To bring a sail to (Naut.), to bend it to the yard. Tobring to pass, to accomplish to effect. Trust also in Him; and He shall bring it to pass. Ps. xxxvii.5. Tobring under, to subdue; to restrain; to reduce to obedience. Tobring up. (a) To carry upward; to nurse; to rear; to educate. (b) To cause to stop suddenly. (c) [v.i. by dropping the reflexive pronoun] To stop suddenly; to come to a standstill. [Colloq.] To bring up (any one) with a round turn, to cause (any one) to stop abruptly. [Colloq.] Tobe brought to bed. See under Bed.
Syn. - To fetch; bear; carry; convey; transport; import; procure; produce; cause; adduce; induce.
Bringer (?), n. One who brings.
Yet the first bringer of unwelcome news
Hath but a losing office.
Shak.
Bringer in, one who, or that which, introduces.
Brininess (?), n. The state or quality of being briny; saltness; brinishness.
Brinish (?), a. Like brine; somewhat salt; saltish. Brinish tears.
Shak.
Brinishness, n. State or quality of being brinish.
Brinjaree (?), n. [Native name.] (Zol.) A roughhaired East Indian variety of the greyhound.
Brink (?), n. [Dan. brink edge, verge; akin to Sw. brink declivity, hill, Icel. brekka; cf. LG. brink a grassy hill, W. bryn hill, bryncyn hillock.] The edge, margin, or border of a steep place, as of a precipice; a bank or edge, as of a river or pit; a verge; a border; as, the brink of a chasm. Also Fig. The brink of vice. Bp. Porteus. The brink of ruin. Burke.
The plashy brink of weedy lake.
Bryant.
Briny (?), a. [From Brine.] Of or pertaining to brine, or to the sea; partaking of the nature of brine; salt; as, a briny taste; the briny flood.
Briony (?), n. See Bryony.
Tennyson.
Brisk (?), a. [Cf. W. brysg, fr. brys haste, Gael. briosg quick, lively, Ir. broisg a start, leap, jerk.] 1. Full of livelinessand activity; characterized by quickness of motion or action; lively; spirited; quick.
Cheerily, boys; be brick awhile.
Shak.
Brick toil alternating with ready ease.
Wordworth.
2. Full of spirit of life; effervesc?ng, as liquors; sparkling; as, brick cider.
Syn. - Active; lively; agile; alert; nimble; quick; sprightly; vivacious; gay; spirited; animated.
Brisk (?), v.t. & i. [imp. & p.p. Bricked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bricking.] To make or become lively; to enliven; to animate; to take, or cause to take, an erect or bold attitude; usually with up.
Brisket (?), n. [OE. bruskette, OF. bruschet, F. brchet, brichet; prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. bryscedthe breast of a slain animal, brisket, Corn. vrys breast, Armor. brusk, bruched, the front of the chest, Gael. brisgein the cartilaginous part of a bone.] That part of the breast of an animal which extends from the fore legs back beneath the ribs; also applied to the fore part of a horse, from the shoulders to the bottom of the chest. [See Illust. of Beef.]
Briskly (?), adv. In a brisk manner; nimbly.
Briskness, n. Liveliness; vigor in action; quickness; gayety; vivacity; effervescence.
Bristle (?), n. [OE. bristel, brustel, AS. bristl, byrst; akin to D. borstel, OHG. burst, G. borste, Icel. burst, Sw. borst, and to Skr. bh?shti edge, point, and prob, L. fastigium extremity, Gr. ? stern of a ship, and E. brush, burr, perh. to brad. 96.] 1. A short, stiff, coarse hair, as on the back of swine.
2. (Bot.) A stiff, sharp, roundish hair.
Gray.
Bristle, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bristled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bristling (?).] 1. To erect the bristles of; to cause to stand up, as the bristles of an angry hog; sometimes with up.
Now for the barepicked bone of majesty
Doth dogged war bristle his angry crest.
Shak.
Boy, bristle thy courage up.
Shak.
2. To fix a bristle to; as, to bristle a thread.
Bristle, v.i. 1. To rise or stand erect, like bristles.
His hair did bristle upon his head.
Sir W.Scott.
2. To appear as if covered with bristles; to have standing, thick and erect, like bristles.
The hill of L? Haye Sainte bristling with ten thousand bayonets.
Thackeray.
Ports bristling with thousands of masts.
Macaulay.
3. To show deflance or indignation.
To bristle up, to show anger or deflance.
Bristlepointed (?), a. (Bot.) Terminating in a very fine, sharp point, as some leaves.
Bristleshaped (?), a. Resembling a bristle in form; as, a bristleshaped leaf.
Bristletail (?), n. (Zol.) An insect of the genera Lepisma, Campodea, etc., belonging to the Thysanura.
Bristliness (?), n. The quality or state of having bristles.
Bristly (?), a. THick set with bristles, or with hairs resembling bristles; rough.
The leaves of the black mulberry are somewhat bristly.
Bacon.
Bristol (?), n. A seaport city in the west of England.
Bristol board, a kind of fine pasteboard, made with a smooth but usually unglazed surface. Bristol brick, a brick of siliceous matter used for polishing cultery; originally manufactured at Bristol. Bristol stone, rock crystal, or brilliant crystals of quartz, found in the mountain limestone near Bristol, and used in making ornaments, vases, etc. When polished, it is called Bristol diamond.
Brisure (?), n. [F.] 1. (Fort.) Any part of a rampart or parapet which deviates from the general direction.
2. (Her.) A mark of cadency or difference.
Brit, Britt (?), n. (Zol.) (a) The young of the common herring; also, a small species of herring; the sprat. (b) The minute marine animals (chiefly Entomostraca) upon which the right whales feed.
Britannia (?), n. [From L. Britannia Great Britain.] A whitemetal alloy of tin, antimony, bismuth, copper, etc. It somewhat resembles silver, and isused for table ware. Called also Britannia metal.
Britannic (?), a. [L. Britannicus, fr. Britannia Great Britain.] Of or pertaining to Great Britain; British; as, her Britannic Majesty.
Brite, Bright (?), v.t. To be or become overripe, as wheat, barley, or hops. [Prov. Eng.]
Briticism (?), n. A word, phrase, or idiom peculiar to Great Britain; any manner of using a word or words that is peculiar to Great Britain.
British (?), a. [AS. Brittisc, Bryttisc.] Of or pertaining to Great Britain or to its inhabitants; sometimes restrict to the original inhabitants.
British gum, a brownish substance, very soluble in cold water, formed by heating dry starch at a temperature of about 600 Fahr. It corresponds, in its properties, to dextrin, and is used, in solution, as a substitute for gum in stiffering goods. British lion, the national emblem of Great Britain. British seas, the four seas which surround Great Britain.
British, n. pl. People of Great Britain.
Britisher, n. An Englishman; a subjector inhabitant of Great Britain, esp. one in the British military or naval service. [Now used jocosely]
Briton (?), a. [AS. bryten Britain.] British. [Obs.] Spenser. n. A native of Great Britain.
Brittle (?), a. [OE. britel, brutel, AS. bryttian to dispense, fr. bretanto break; akin to Icel. brytja, Sw. bryta, Dan. bryde. Cf. Brickle.] Easily broken; apt to break; fragile; not tough or tenacious<-- contrast to flexible; usually hard -->.
Farewell, thou pretty, brittle piece
Of finecut crystal.
Cotton.
Brittle silver ore, the mineral stephanite.
Brittlely, adv. In a brittle manner.
Sherwood.
Brittleness, n. Aptness to break; fragility.

<-- p. 183 -->

Brittle star (?). Any speciesof ophiuran starfishes. See Ophiuroidea.
Britzska (?), n. [Russ. britshka; cf. Pol. bryczka, dim. of bryka freight wagon.] A long carriage, with a calash top, so constructed as to give space for recliningat night, when used on a journey.
Brize (?), n. The breeze fly. See Breeze.
Shak.
Broach (?), n. [OE. broche, F. broche, fr. LL. brocca; prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. proc thrust, stab, Gael. brog awl. Cf. Brooch.] 1. A spit. [Obs.]
He turned a broach that had worn a crown.
Bacon.
2. An awl; a bodkin; also, a wooden rod or pin, sharpened at each end, used by thatchers. [Prov. Eng.]
Forby.
3. (Mech.) (a) A tool of steel, generally tapering, and of a polygonal form, with from four to eight cutting edges, for smoothing or enlarging holes in metal; sometimes made smooth or without edges, as for burnishing pivot holes in watches; a reamer. The broach for gun barrels is commonly square and without taper. (b) A straight tool with file teeth, made of steel, to be pressed through irregular holes in metal that cannot be dressed by revolving tools; a drift.
4. (Masonry) A broad chisel for stonecutting.
5. (Arch.) A spire rising from a tower. [Local, Eng.]
6. A clasp for fastening a garment. See Brooch.
7. A spitlike start, on the head of a young stag.
8. The stick from which candle wicks are suspended for dipping.
Knight.
9. The pin in a lock which enters the barrel of the key.
Broach, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broached (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Broaching.] [F. brocher, fr. broche. See Broach, n.] 1. To spit; to pierce as with a spit.
I'll broach the tadpole on my rapier's point.
Shak.
2. To tap; to pierce, as a cask, in order to draw the liquor. Hence: To let out; to shed, as blood.
Whereat with blade, with bloody blameful blade,
He bravely broached his boiling bloody breast.
Shak.
3. To open for the first time, as stores.
You shall want neither weapons, victuals, nor aid; I will open the old armories, I will broach my store, and will bring forth my stores.
Knolles.
4. To make public; to utter; to publish first; to put forth; to introduce as a topic of conversation.
Those very opinions themselves had broached.
Swift.
5. To cause to begin or break out. [Obs.]
Shak.
6. (Masonry) To shape roughly, as a block of stone, by chiseling with a coarse tool. [Scot. & North of Eng.]
7. To enlarge or dress (a hole), by using a broach.
To broach to (Naut.), to incline suddenly to windward, so as to lay the sails aback, and expose the vessel to the danger of oversetting.
Broacher (?), n. 1. A spit; a broach.
On five sharp broachers ranked, the roast they turned.
Dryden.
2. One who broaches, opens, or utters; a first publisher or promoter.
Some such broacher of heresy.
Atterbury.
Broad (?), a. [Compar. Broader (?); superl. Broadest.] [OE. brod, brad, AS. brd; akin to OS. brd, D. breed, G. breit, Icel. brei?r, Sw. & Dan. bred, Goth. braids. Cf. Breadth.] 1. Wide; extend in breadth, or from side to side; opposed to narrow; as, a broad street, a broad table; an inch broad.
2. Extending far and wide; extensive; vast; as, the broad expanse of ocean.
3. Extended, in the sense of diffused; open; clear; full. Broad and open day.
Bp. Porteus.
4. Fig.: Having a large measure of any thing or quality; not limited; not restrained; applied to any subject, and retaining the literal idea more or less clearly, the precise meaning depending largely on the substantive.
A broad mixture of falsehood.
Locke.
Hence:
5. Comprehensive; liberal; enlarged.
The words in the Constitution are broad enough to include the case.
D.Daggett.
In a broad, statesmanlike, and masterly way.
E.Everett.
6. Plain; evident; as, a broad hint.
7. Free; unrestrained; unconfined.
As broad and general as the casing air.
Shak.
8. (Fine Arts) Characterized by breadth. See Breadth.
9. Cross; coarse; indelicate; as, a broad compliment; a broad joke; broad humor.
10. Strongly marked; as, a broad Scotch accent.
Broad is often used in compounds to signify wide, large, etc.; as, broadchested, broadshouldered, broadspreading, broadwinged.
Broad acres. See under Acre. Broad arrow, originally a pheon. See Pheon, and Broad arrow under Arrow. As broad as long, having the length equal to the breadth; hence, the same one way as another; coming to the same result by different ways or processes.
It is as broad as long, whether they rise to others, or bring others down to them.
L'Estrange.
Broad pennant. See under Pennant.
Syn. - Wide; large; ample; expanded; spacious; roomy; extensive; vast; comprehensive; liberal.
Broad, n. 1. The broad part of anything; as, the broad of an oar.
2. The spread of a river into a sheet of water; a flooded fen. [Local, Eng.]
Southey.
3. A lathe tool for turning down the insides and bottoms of cylinders.
Knight.
Broadax Broadaxe } (?), n. 1. An ancient military weapon; a battleax.
2. An ax with a broad edge, for hewingtimber.
Broadbill (?), n. 1. (Zol.) A wild duck (Aythya, or Fuligula, marila), which appears in large numbers on the eastern coast of the United States, in auntum; called also bluebill, blackhead, raft duck, and scaup duck. See Scaup duck.
2. (Zol.) The shoveler. See Shoveler.
Broadbrim (?), n. 1. A hat with a very broad brim, like those worn by men of the society of Friends.
2. A member of the society of Friends; a Quaker. [Sportive]
Broadbrimmed (?), a. Having a broad brim.
A broadbrimmed flat silver plate.
Tatler.
Broadcast (?), n. (Agric.) A casting or throwing seed in all directions, as from the hand in sowing.
Broadcast, a. 1. Cast or dispersed in all directions, as seed from the hand in sowing; widely diffused.
2. Scattering in all directions (as a method of sowing); opposed to planting in hills, or rows.
Broadcast, adv. So as to scatter or be scattered in all directions; so as to spread widely, as seed from the hand in sowing, or news from the press.
Broad Church (?). (Eccl.) A portion of the Church of England, consisting of persons who claim to hold a position, in respect to doctrine and fellowship, intermediate between the High Church party and the Low Church, or evangelical, party. The term has been applied to otherbodies of men holding liberal or comprehensive views of Christian doctrine and fellowship.
Side by side with these various shades of High and Low Church, another party of a different character has always existed in the Church of England. It is called by different names: Moderate, Catholic, or Broad Church, by its friends; Latitudinarian or Indifferent, by its enemies. Its distinctive character is the desire of comprehension. Its watch words are charity and toleration.
Conybeare.
Broadcloth (?), n. A fine smoothfaced woolen cloth for men's garments, usually of double width (i.e., a yard and a half); so called in distinction from woolens three quarters of a yard wide.
Broaden (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broadened (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Broadening (?).] [From Broad, a.] To grow broad; to become broader or wider.
The broadening sun appears.
Wordsworth.
Broaden, v.t. To make broad or broader; to render more broad or comprehensive.
Broad gauge (?). (Railroad) A wider distance between the rails than the standard gauge of four feet eight inches and a half. See Gauge.
Broadhorned (?), a. Having horns spreading widely.
Broadish, a. Rather broad; moderately broad.
Broadleaf (?), n. (Bot.) A tree (Terminalia latifolia) of Jamaica, the wood of which is used for boards, scantling, shingles, etc; sometimes called the almond tree, from the shape of its fruit.
Broadleaved (?), Broadleafed (?), a. Having broad, or relatively broad, leaves.
Keats.
Broadly, adv. In a broad manner.
Broadmouth (?), n. (Zol.) One of the Eurylaimid, a family of East Indian passerine birds.
Broadness, n. [AS. brdnes.] The conditionor quality of being broad; breadth; coarseness; grossness.
Broadpiece (?), n. An old English gold coin, broader than a guinea, as a Carolus or Jacobus.
Broad seal (?). The great seal of England; the public seal of a country or state.
Broadseal, v.t. To stamp with the broad seal; to make sure; to guarantee or warrant. [Obs.]
Thy presence broadseals our delights for pure.
B.Jonson.
Broadside (?), n. 1. (Naut.) The side of a ship abovethe water line, from the bow to the quarter.
2. A discharge of or from all the guns on one side of a ship, at the same time.
3. A volley of abuse or denunciation. [Colloq.]
4. (Print.) A sheet of paper containing one large page, or printed on one side only; called also broadsheet.
Broadspread (?), a. Widespread.
Broadspreading, a. Spreading widely.
Broadsword (?), n. A sword with a broad blade and a cutting edge; a claymore.
I heard the broadsword's deadly clang.
Sir W.Scott.
Broadwise (?), adv. Breadthwise. [Archaic]
Brob (?), n. [Cf. Gael. brog, E. brog, n.] (Carp.) A peculiar bradshaped spike, to be driven alongside the end of an abutting timber to prevent its slipping.
Brobdingnagian (?), a. [From Brobdingnag, a country of giants in Gulliver's Travels.] Colossal' of extraordinary height; gigantic. n. A giant. [Spelt often Brobdignagian.]
Brocade (?), n. [Sp. brocado (cf. It. broccato, F. brocart), fr. LL. brocare *prick, to figure (textile fabrics), to emboss (linen), to stitch. See Broach.] Silk stuff, woven with gold and silver threads, or ornamented with raised flowers, foliage, etc.; also applied to other stuffs thus wrought and enriched.
A gala suit of faded brocade.
W.Irving.
Brocaded (?), a. 1. Woven or worked, as brocade, with gold and silver, or with raised flowers, etc.
Brocaded flowers o'er the gay mantua shine.
Gay.
2. Dressed in brocade.
Brocage (?), n. See Brokkerage.
Brocard (?), n. [Perh. fr. Brocardica, Brocardicorum opus, a collection of ecclesiastical canons by Burkhard, Bishop of Worms, called, by the Italians and French, Brocard.] An elementary principle or maximum; a short, proverbial rule, in law, ethics, or metaphysics.
The legal brocard, Falsus in uno, falsus in omnibus, is a rule not more applicable to other witness than to consciousness.
Sir W.Hamilton.
Brocatel (?), n. [F. brocatelle, fr. It. brocatello: cf. Sp. brocatel. See Brocade.] 1. A kind of coarse brocade, or figured fabric, used chiefly for tapestry, linings for carriages, etc.
2. A marble, clouded and veined with white, gray, yellow, and red, in which the yellow usually prevails. It is also called Siena marble, from its locality.
Brocatello (?), n. Same as Brocatel.
Broccoli (?), n. [It. broccoli, pl. of broccolo sprout, cabbage sprout, dim. of brocco splinter. See Broach, n.] (Bot.) A plant of the Cabbage species (Brassica oleracea) of many varieties, resembling the cauliflower. The curd, or flowering head, is the part used for food.
Brochantite (?), n. [From Brochant de Villiers, a French mineralogist.] (Min.) A basic sulphate of copper, occurring in emeraldgreen crystals.
Broch (?), a. [F.] Woven with a figure; as, broch goods.
Broche (?), n. [F.] See Broach, n.
Brochure (?), n. [F., fr. brocher to stitch. See Broach, v.t.] A printed and stitched book containing only a few leaves; a pamphlet.
Brock (?), n. [AS. broc, fr. W. broch; akin to Ir. & Gael. broc, Corn. & Armor. broch; cf. Ir. & Gael. breac speckled.] (Zol.) A badger.
Or with pretense of chasing thence the brock.
B.Jonson.
Brock, n. [See Brocket.] (Zol.) A brocket.
Bailey.
Brocker (?), n. [OE. broket, F. broquart fallow deer a year old, fr. the same root as E. broach, meaning point (hence tine of a horn).] 1. (Zol.) A male red deer two years old; sometimes called brock.
2. (Zol.) A small South American deer, of several species (Coassus superciliaris, C. rufus, and C. auritus).
Brockish, a. Beastly; brutal. [Obs.]
Bale.
Brodekin (?), n. [F. brodequin, OE. brossequin, fr. OD. broseken, brosekin, dim. of broos buskin, prob. fr. LL. byrsa leather, Gr. ? skin, hide. Cf. Buskin.] A buskin or halfboot. [Written also brodequin.] [Obs.]
Brog (?), n. [Gael. Cf. Brob.] A pointed instrument, as a joiner's awl, a brad awl, a needle, or a small ship stick.
Brog, v.t. To prod with a pointed instrument, as a lance; also, to broggle. [Scot. & Prov.]
Sir W.Scott.
Brogan (?), n. A stout, coarse shoe; a brogue.
Broggle (?), v.i. [Dim. of Prov. E. brog to broggle. Cf. Brog, n.] To sniggle, or fish with a brog. [Prov. Eng.]
Wright.
Brogue (?), n. [Ir. & Gael. brog shoe, hoof.] 1. A stout, coarse shoe; a brogan.
In the Highlands of Scotland, the ancient brogue was made of horsehide or deerskin, untanned or tenned with the hair on, gathered round the ankle with a thong. The name was afterward given to any shoe worn as a part of the Highland costume.
Clouted brogues, patched brogues; also, brogues studded with nails. See under Clout, v.t.
2. A dialectic pronunciation; esp. the Irish manner of pronouncing English.
Or take, Hibernis, thy still ranker brogue.
Lloyd.
Brogues (?), n. pl. [Cf. Breeches.] Breeches. [Obs.]
Shenstone.
Broid (?), v.t. To braid. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Broider (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broidered (?).] [OE. broiden, brouden, F. broder, confused with E. braid; F. broder is either the same word as border to border (see Border), or perh. of Celtic origin; cf. W. brathu to sting, stab, Ir. & Gael. brod goad, prickle, OE. brod a goad; and also Icel. broddr a spike, a sting, AS. brord a point.] To embroider. [Archaic]
They shall make a broidered coat.
Ex.xxviii.4.
Broiderer (?), n. One who embroiders. [Archaic]
Broidery (?), n. Embroidery. [Archaic]
The golden broidery tender Milkah wove.
Tickell.
Broil (?), n. [F. brouiller to disorder, from LL. brogilus, broilus, brolium, thicket, wood, park; of uncertain origin; cf. W. brog a swelling out, OHG. pril marsh, G. brhl, MHG. brogen to rise. The meaning tumult, confusion, comes apparently from tangled undergrowth, thicket, and this possibly from the meaning to grow, rise, sprout.] A tumult; a noisy quarrel; a disturbance; a brawl; contention; discord, either between individuals or in the state.
I will own that there is a haughtiness and fierceness in human nature which will which will cause innumerable broils, place men in what situation you please.
Burke.
Syn. - Contention; fray; affray; tumult; altercation; dissension; discord; contest; conflict; brawl; uproar.
Broil, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broiled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Broiling.] [OE. broilen, OF. bruillir, fr. bruirto broil, burn; of Ger. origin; cf. MHG. brejen, G. brhen, to scald, akin to E. brood.] 1. To cook by direct exposure to heat over a fire, esp. upon a gridiron over coals.
2. To subject to great (commonly direct) heat.
Broil, v.i. To be subjected to the action of heat, as meat over the fire; to be greatly heated, or to be made uncomfortable with heat.
The planets and comets had been broiling in the sun.
Cheyne.
Broiler (?), n. One who excites broils; one who engages in or promotes noisy quarrels.
What doth he but turn broiler, ... make new libels against the church?
Hammond.
Broiler, n. 1. One who broils, or cooks by broiling.
2. A gridiron or other utensil used in broiling.
3. A chicken or other bird fit for broiling. [Colloq.]
Broiling, a. Excessively hot; as, a broiling sun. n. The act of causing anything to broil.
Brokage (?), n. See Brokerage.
Broke (?), v.i. [See Broker, and cf. Brook.] 1. To transact business for another. [R.]
Brome.
2. To act as procurer in love matters; to pimp. [Obs.]
We do want a certain necessary woman to broke between them, Cupid said.
Fanshawe.
And brokes with all that can in such a suit
Corrupt the tender honor of a maid.
Shak.

<-- p. 184 -->

Broke (?), imp. p.p. of Break.
Broken (?), a. [From Break, v.t.] 1. Separated into parts or pieces by violence; divided into fragments; as, a broken chain or rope; a broken dish.
2. Disconnected; not continuous; also, rough; uneven; as, a broken surface.
3. Fractured; cracked; disunited; sundered; strained; apart; as, a broken reed; broken friendship.
4. Made infirm or weak, by disease, age, or hardships.
The one being who remembered him as he been before his mind was broken.
G.Eliot.
The broken soldier, kindly bade to stay,
Sat by his fire, and talked the night away.
Goldsmith.
5. Subdued; humbled; contrite.
The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit.
Ps.li.17.
6. Subjugated; trained for use, as a horse.
7. Crushed and ruined as by something that destroys hope; blighted. Her broken love and life.
G.Eliot.
8. Not carried into effect; not adhered to; violated; as, a broken promise, vow, or contract; a broken law.
9. Ruined financially; incapable of redeeming promises made, or of paying debts incurred; as, a broken bank; a broken tradesman.
10. Imperfectly spoken, as by a foreigner; as, broken English; imperfectly spoken on account of emotion; as, to say a few broken words at parting.
Amidst the broken words and loud weeping of those grave senators.
Macaulay.
Broken ground. (a) (Mil.) Rough or uneven ground; as, the troops were retarded in their advance by broken ground. (b) Ground recently opened with the plow. Broken line (Geom.), the straight lines which join a number of given points taken in some specified order. Broken meat, fragments of meat or other food. Broken number, a fraction. Broken weather, unsettled weather.
Brokenbacked (?), a. 1. Having a broken back; as, a brokenbacked chair.
2. (Naut.) Hogged; so weakened in the frame as to droop at each end; said of a ship.
Totten.
Brokenbellied (?), a. Having a ruptured belly. [R.]
Brokenhearted (?), a. Having the spirits depressed or crushed by grief or despair.
She left her husband almost brokenhearted.
Macaulay.
Syn. - Disconsolable; heartbroken; inconsolable; comfortless; woebegone; forlorn.
Brokenly, adv. In a broken, interrupted manner; in a broken state; in broken language.
The pagans worship God ... as it were brokenly and by piecemeal.
Cudworth.
Brokenness, n. 1. The state or quality of being broken; unevenness.
Macaulay.
2. Contrition; as, brokenness of heart.
Broken wind (?). (Far.) The heaves.
Brokenwinded, a. (Far.) Having short breath or disordered respiration, as a horse.
Broker (?), n. [OE. brocour, from a word akin to broken, bruken, to use, enjoy, possess, digest, fr. AS. br?canto use, enjoy; cf. Fries. broker, F. brocanteur. See Brook, v.t.] 1. One who transacts business for another; an agent.
2. (Law) An agent employed to effect bargains and contracts, as a middleman or negotiator, between other persons, for a compensation commonly called brokerage. He takes no possession, as broker, of the subject matter of the negotiation. He generally contracts in the names of those who employ him, and not in his own.
Story.
3. A dealer in money, notes, bills of exchange, etc.
4. A dealer in secondhand goods. [Eng.]
5. A pimp or procurer. [Obs.]
Shak.
Bill broker, one who buys and sells notes and bills of exchange. Curbstone broker or Street broker, an operator in stocks (not a member of the Stock Exchange) who executes orders by running from office to office, or by transactions on the street. [U.S.] Exchange broker, one who buys and sells uncurrent money, and deals in exchanges relating to money. Insurance broker, one who is agent in procuring insurance on vessels, or against fire. Pawn broker. See Pawnbroker. Real estate broker, one who buys and sells lands, and negotiates loans, etc., upon mortgage. Ship broker, one who acts as agent in buying and selling ships, procuring freight, etc. Stock broker. See Stockbroker.
Brokerage (?), n. 1. The businessor employment of a broker.
Burke.
2. The fee, reward, or commission, given or changed for transacting business as a broker.
Brokerly, a. Mean; servile. [Obs.]
B.Jonson.
Brokery (?), n. The businessof a broker. [Obs.]
And with extorting, cozening, forfeiting,
And tricks belonging unto brokery.
Marlowe.
Broking (?), a. Of or pertaining to a broker or brokers, or to brokerage. [Obs.]
Redeem from broking pawn the blemished crown.
Shak.
Broma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? food, ? to eat.] 1. (Med.) Aliment; food.
Dunglison.
2. A light form of prepared cocoa (or cacao), or the drink made from it.
Bromal (?), n. [Bromine + aldehyde.] (Chem.) An oily, colorless fluid, CBr?.COH, related to bromoform, as chloral is to chloroform, and obtained by the action of bromine on alcohol.
Bromate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of bromic acid.
Bromate (?), v.t. (Med.) To combine or impregnate with bromine; as, bromated camphor.
Bromatologist (?), n. One versed in the scienceof foods.
Bromatology (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, food + logy.] The science of aliments.
Dunglison.
Brome (?), n. [F.] (Chem.) See Bromine.
Brome grass (?). [L. bromos a kind of oats, Gr. ?.] (Bot.) A genus (Bromus) of grasses, one speciesof which is the chess or cheat.
Bromeliaceous (?), a. [Named after Olaf Bromel, a Swedish botanist.] (Bot.) Pertaining to, or resembling, a family of endogenous and mostly epiphytic or saxicolous plants of which the genera Tillandsia and Billbergia are examples. The pineapple, though terrestrial, is also of this family.
Bromic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or containing, bromine; said of those compounds of bromine in which this element has a valence of five, or the next to its highest; as, bromic acid.
Bromide (?), n. (Chem.) A compoundof bromine with a positive radical.
Brominate (?), v.t. See Bromate, v.t.
Bromine (?), n. [Gr. ? bad smell, stink. Cf. Brome.] (Chem.) One of the elements, related in its chemical qualities to chlorine and iodine. Atomic weight 79.8. Symbol Br. It is a deep reddish brown liquid of a very disagreeable odor, emitting a brownish vapor at the ordinary temperature. In combination it is found in minute quantities in sea water, and in many saline springs. It occurs also in the mineral bromyrite.
Bromism (?), n. (Med.) A diseased conditionproduced by the excessive use of bromine or one of its compounds. It is characterized by mental dullnessand muscular weakness.
Bromize (?), v.t. (Photog.) To prepare or treat with bromine; as, to bromize a silvered plate.
Bromlife (?), n. [From Bromley Hill, near Alston, Cumberland, England.] (Min.) A carbonate of baryta and lime, intermediate between witherite and strontianite; called also alstonite.
Bromoform (?), n. [Bromine + formyl.] (Chem.) A colorless liquid, CHBr?, having an agreeable odor and sweetish taste. It is produced by the simultaneous action of bromine and caustic potash upon wood spirit, alcohol, or acetone, as also by certain other reactions. In composition it is the same as chloroform, with the substitution of bromine for chlorine. It is somewhat similar to chloroform in its effects.
Watts.
Brompicrin (?), n. [G. brompikrin; brom bromine + pikrinsure picric acid.] (Chem.) A pungent colorless explosive liquid, CNO?Br?, analogous to and resembling chlorpicrin. [Spelt also brompikrin.]
Bromuret (?), n. See Bromide. [Obs.]
Bromyrite (?), n. [Bromine + Gr. ? silver.] (Min.) Silver bromide, a rare mineral; called also bromargyrite.
Bronchi (?), n. pl. (Anat.) See Bronchus.
Bronchia (?), n. pl. [L. , pl. Cf. Bronchus.] (Anat.) The bronchial tubes which arise from the branching of the trachea, esp. the subdivision of the bronchi.
Dunglison.
Bronchial (?), a. [Cf. F. bronchial. See Bronchia.] (Anat.) Belonging to the bronchi and their ramifications in the lungs.
Bronchial arteries, branchof the descending aorta, accompanying the bronchia in all their ramifications. Bronchial cells, the air cells terminating the bronchia. Bronchial glands, glands whose functions are unknown, seated along the bronchia. Bronchial membrane, the mucous membrane lining the bronchia. Bronchial tube, the bronchi, or the bronchia.
Bronchic (?), a. (Anat.) Bronchial.
Bronchiole (?), n. (Anat.) A minute bronchial tube.
Bronchitic (?), a. Of or pertaining to bronchitis; as, bronchitic inflammation.
Bronchitis (?), n. [Bronchus + itis.] (Med.) Inflammation, acute or chronic, of the bronchial tubes or any part of them.
Broncho (?), n. [Sp. bronco rough, wild.] A native or a Mexican horse of small size. [Western U.S.]
Bronchocele (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? windpipe + ? tumor.] (Med.) See Goiter.
Bronchophony (?), n. [Gr. ? windpipe + ? sound.] A modification of the voice sounds, by which they are intensified and heightened in pitch; observed in auscultation of the chest in certain cases of introthroacic disease.
Bronchopneumonia (?), n. [Bronchus + pneumonia.] (Med.) Inflammation of the bronchi and lungs; catarrhal pneumonia.
Bronchotome (?), n. [Gr. ? windpipe + ? to cut.] (Surg.) An instrument for cutting into the bronchial tubes.
Bronchotomy (?), n. (Surg.) An incision into the windpipe or larynx, including the operations of tracheotomy and laryngotomy.
Bronchus (?), n.; pl. Bronchi (?). [NL., fr. Gr. ? windpipe. Cf. Bronchia.] (Anat.) One of the subdivisions of the trachea or windpipe; esp. one of the two primary divisions.
Bronco (?), n. Same as Broncho.
Brond (?), n. [See Brand.] A sword. [Obs.]
Brontolite (?), Brontolith (?), } n. [Gr. ? + lite, lith.] An arolite. [R.]
Brontology (?), n. [Gr. ? thunder + logy.] A treatise upon thunder.
Brontosaurus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? thunder + ? lizard.] (Paleon.) A genus of American jurassic dinosaurs. A length of sixty feet is believed to have been attained by these reptiles.
Brontotherium (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? thunder + ? beast.] (Paleon.) A genus of large extinct mammals from the moicene strata of western North America. They were allied to the rhinoceros, but the skull bears a pair of powerful horn cores in front of the orbits, and the fore feet were fourtoed. See Illustration in Appendix.
Brontozoum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? thunder + ? animal.] (Paleon.) An extinct animal of large size, known from its threetoed footprints in Mesozoic sandstone.
The tracks made by these reptiles are found eighteen inches in length, and were formerly referred to gigantic birds; but the discovery of large bipedal threetoed dinosaurs has suggested that they were made by those reptiles.
Bronze (?), n. [F. bronze, fr. It. bronzo brown, fr. OHG. br?n, G. braun. See Brown, a.] 1. An alloy of copper and tin, to which small proportions of other metals, especially zinc, are sometimes added. It is hard and sonorous, and is used for statues, bells, cannon, etc., the proportions of the ingredients being varied to suit the particular purposes. The varieties containing the higher proportions of tin are brittle, as in bell metal and speculum metal.
2. A statue, bust, etc., cast in bronze.
A print, a bronze, a flower, a root.
Prior.
3. A yellowish or reddish brown, the color of bronze; also, a pigment or powder for imitating bronze.
4. Boldness; impudence; brass.
Imbrowned with native bronze, lo! Henley stands.
Pope.
Aluminium bronze. See under Aluminium. Bronze age, an age of the world which followed the stone age, and was characterized by the use of implements and ornaments of copper or bronze. Bronze powder, a metallic powder, used with size or in combination with painting, to give the appearance of bronze, gold, or other metal, to any surface. Phosphor bronze and Silicious or Silicium bronze are made by adding phosphorus and silicon respectively to ordinary bronze, and are characterized by great tenacity.
Bronze, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bronzed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bronzing.] [Cf. F. bronzer. See Bronze, n.] 1. To give an appearance of bronzeto, by a coating of bronze powder, or by other means; to make of the color of bronze; as, to bronze plaster casts; to bronze coins or medals.
The tall bronzed blackeyed stranger.
W.Black.
2. To make hard or unfeeling; to brazen.
The lawer who bronzes his bosom instead of his forefead.
Sir W.Scott.
Bronzed skin disease. (Pathol.) See Addison's disease.
Bronzewing (?), n. (Zol.) An Australian pigeon of the genus Phaps, of several species; so called from its bronze plumage.
Bronzine (?), n. A metal so prepared as to have the appearance of bronze. a. Made of bron?ine; resembling bronze; bronzelike.
Bronzing, n. 1. The act or art of communicating to articles in metal, wood, clay, plaster, etc., the appearance of bronze by means of bronze powders, or imitative painting, or by chemical processes.
Tomlinson.
2. A material for bronzing.
Bronzist, n. One who makes, imitates, collects, or deals in, bronzes.
Bronzite (?), n. [Cf. F. bronzite.] (Min.) A variety of enstatite, often having a bronzelike luster. It is a silicate of magnesia and iron, of the pyroxene family.
Bronzy (?), a. Like bronze.
Brooch (?), n. [See Broach, n.] 1. An ornament, in various forms, with a tongue, pin, or loop for attaching it to a garment; now worn at the breast by women; a breastpin. Formerly worn by men on the hat.
Honor 's a good brooch to wear a man's hat.
B.Jonson.
2. (Paint.) A painting all of one color, as a sepia painting, or an India painting.
Brooch, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brooched (?).] To adorn as with a brooch. [R.]
Brood (?), n. [OE. brod, AS. brd; akin to D. broed, OHG. bruot, G. brut, and also to G. brhe broth, MHG. breje, and perh. to E. brawn, breath. Cf. Breed, v.t.] 1. The young birds hatched at one time; a hatch; as, a brood of chicken.
As a hen doth gather her brood under her wings.
Luke xiii.34.
A hen followed by a brood of ducks.
Spectator.
2. The young from the same dam, whether produced at the same time or not; young children of the same mother, especially if nearly of the same age; offspring; progeny; as, a woman with a brood of children.
The lion roars and gluts his tawny brood.
Wordsworth.
3. That which is bred or produced; breed; species.
Flocks of the airy brood,
(Cranes, geese or longnecked swans).
Chapman.
4. (Mining) Heavy waste in tin and copper ores.
To sit on brood, to ponder. [Poetic]
Shak.
Brood, a. 1. Sitting or inclined to sit on eggs.
2. Kept for breeding from; as, a brood mare; brood stock; having young; as, a brood sow.
Brood (?), v.i. [imp. & p.p. Brooded (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brooding.] 1. To sit on and cover eggs, as a fowl, for the purpose of warming them and hatching the young; or to sit over and cover young, as a hen her chickens, in order to warm and protect them; hence, to sit quitely, as if brooding.
Birds of calm sir brooding on the charmed wave.
Milton.
2. To have the mind dwell continuously or moodily on a subject; to think long and anxiously; to be in a state of gloomy, serious thought; usually followed by over or on; as, to brood over misfortunes.
Brooding on unprofitable gold.
Dryden.
Brooding over all these matters, the mother felt like one who has evoked a spirit.
Hawthorne.
When with downcast eyes we muse and brood.
Tennyson.

<-- p. 185 -->

Brood (?), v.t. 1. To sit over, cover, and cherish; as, a hen broods her chickens.
2. To cherish with care. [R.]
3. To think anxiously or moodily upon.
You'll sit and brood your sorrows on a throne.
Dryden.
Broody (?), a. Inclined to brood.
Ray.
Brook (?), n. [OE. brok, broke, brook, AS. brc; akin to D. broek, LG. brk, marshy ground, OHG. pruoh, G. bruch marsh; prob. fr. the root of E. break, so as that it signifies water breaking through the earth, a spring or brook, as well as a marsh. See Break, v.t.] A natural stream of water smaller than a river or creek.
The Lord thy God bringeth thee into a good land, a land of brooks of water.
Deut.viii.7.
Empires itself, as doth an inland brook
Into the main of waters.
Shak.
Brook, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brooked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brooking.] [OE. broken, bruken, to use, enjoy, digest, AS. br?can; akin to D. gebruiken to use, OHG. pr?hhan, G. brauchen, gebrauchen, Icel. br?ka, Goth. br?kjan, and L. frui, to enjoy. Cf. Fruit, Broker.] 1. To use; to enjoy. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. To bear; to endure; to put up with; to tolerate; as, young men can not brook restraint.
Spenser.
Shall we, who could not brook one lord,
Crouch to the wicked ten?
Macaulay.
3. To deserve; to earn. [Obs.]
Sir J.Hawkins.
Brookite (?), n. [Named from the English mineralogist, H.J.Brooke.] (Min.) A mineral consisting of titanic oxide, and hence identical with rutile and octahedrite in composition, but crystallizing in the orthorhombic system.
Brooklet (?), n. A small brook.
Brooklime (?), n. (Bot.) A plant (Veronica Beccabunga), with flowers, usually blue, in axillary racemes. The American species is V. Americana. [Formerly written broklempe or broklympe.]
Brook mint (?). (Bot.) See Water mint.
Brookside (?), n. The bank of a brook.
Brookweed (?), n. (Bot.) A small whiteflowered herb (Samolus Valerandi) found usually in wet places; water pimpernel.
Broom (?), n. [OE. brom, brome, AS. brm; akin to LG. bram, D. brem, OHG. brmo broom, thorn?bush, G. brombeere blackberry. Cf. Bramble, n.] 1. (Bot.) A plant having twigs suitable for makingbrooms to sweep with when bound together; esp., the Cytisus scoparius of Western Europe, which is a low shrub with long, straight, green, angular branches, mintue leaves, and large yellow flowers.
No gypsy cowered o'er fires of furze and broom.
Wordsworth.
2. An implement for sweeping floors, etc., commonly made of the panicles or tops of broom corn, bound together or attached to a long wooden handle; so called because originally made of the twigs of the broom.
Butcher's broom, a plant (Ruscus aculeatus) of the Smilax family, used by butchers for brooms to sweep their blocks; called also knee holly. See Cladophyll. Dyer's broom, a species of mignonette (Reseda luteola), used for dyeing yellow; dyer's weed; dyer's rocket. Spanish broom. See under Spanish.
Broom, v.t. (Naut.) See Bream.
Broom corn (?). (Bot.) A variety of Sorghum vulgare, having a joined stem, like maize, rising to the height of eight or ten feet, and bearing its seeds on a panicle with long branches, of which brooms are made.
Broom rape (?). (Bot.) A genus (Orobanche) of parasitic plants of Europe and Asia. They are destitute of chlorophyll, have scales instead of leaves, and spiked flowers, and grow attached to the roots of other plants, as furze, clover, flax, wild carrot, etc. The name is sometimes applied to other plants related to this genus, as Aphyllon uniflorumand A. Ludovicianum.
Broomstaff (?), n. A broomstick. [Obs.]
Shak.
Broomstick (?), n. A stick used as a handle of a broom.
Broomy (?), a. Of or pertaining to broom; overgrowing with broom; resembling broom or a broom.
If land grow mossy or broomy.
Mortimer.
Brose (?), n. [CF. Gael. brothas. Cf. Brewis, Broth.] Pottage made by pouring some boilingliquid on meal (esp. oatmeal), and stirring it. It is called beef brose, water brose, etc., according to the name of the liquid (beef broth, hot water, etc.) used. [Scot.]
Brotel (?), a. Brittle. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Brotelness, n. Brittleness. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Broth (?), n. [AS. bro?; akin to OHG. brod, brot; cf. Ir. broth, Gael. brot. 93. Cf. Brewis, Brew.] Liquid in which flesh (and sometimes other substances, as barley or rice) has been boiled; thin or simple soup.
I am sure by your unprejudiced discourses that you love broth better than soup.
Addison.
Brothel (?), n. [OE. brothel, brodel, brethel, a prostitute, a worthless fellow, fr. AS. ber?an to ruin, destroy; cf. AS. bretan to break, and E. brittle. The term brothel house was confused with bordel brothel. CF. Bordel.] A house of lewdness or ill fame; a house frequented by prostitutes; a bawdyhouse.
Brotheler (?), n. One who frequents brothels.
Brothelry (?), n. Lewdness; obscenity; a brothel.
B.Jonson.
Brother (?), n.; pl. Brothers (?) or Brethren (?). See Brethren. [OE. brother, AS. br?or; akin to OS. brothar, D. broeder, OHG. pruodar, G. bruder, Icel. br?ir, Sw. & Dan. broder, Goth. br?ar, Ir. brathair, W. brawd, pl. brodyr, Lith. brolis, Lett. brahlis, Russ. brat', Pol. & Serv. brat, OSlav. brat?, L. frater, Skr. bhrt?, Zend. bratar brother, Gr. ?, ?, a clansman. The common plural is Brothers; in the solemn style, Brethren, OE. pl. brether, bretheren, AS. dat. sing. br?er, nom. pl. br?or, br?ru. 258. Cf. Frair, Fraternal.] 1. A male person who has the same father and mother with another person, or who has one of them only. In the latter case he is more definitely called a half brother, or brother of the half blood.
Two of us in the churchyard lie,
My sister and my brother.
Wordsworth.
2. One related or closely united to another by some common tie or interest, as of rank, profession, membership in a society, toil, suffering, etc.; used among judges, clergymen, monks, physicians, lawers, professors of religion, etc. A brother of your order.
Shak.
We few, we happy few, we band of brothers,
For he today that sheds his blood with me
Shall be my brother.
Shak.
3. One who, or that which, resembles another in distinctive qualities or traits of character.
He also that is slothful in his work is brother to him that is a great waster.
Prov.xviii.9.
That April morn
Of this the very brother.
Wordsworth.
In Scripture, the term brother is applied to a kinsman by blood more remote than a son of the same parents, as in the case of Abraham and Lot, Jacob and Laban. In a more general sense, brother or brethren is used for fellowmanor fellowmen.
For of whom such massacre
Make they but of their brethren, men of men?
Milton.
Brother Jonathan, a humorous designation for the people of the United States collectively. The phrase is said to have originated from Washington's referring to the patriotic Jonathan Trumbull, governor of Connecticut, as Brother Jonathan. Blood brother. See under Blood.
Brother (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brothered (?).] To make a brother of; to call or treat as a brother; to admit to a brotherhood.
Sir W.Scott.
Brother german (?). (Law) A brother by both the father's and mother's side, in contradistinction to a uterine brother, one by the mother only.
Bouvier.
Brotherhood (?), n. [Brother + hood.] 1. The state of being brothers or a brother.
2. An association for any purpose, as a society of monks; a fraternity.
3. The whole body of persons engaged in the same business, especially those of the same profession; as, the legal or medical brotherhood.
4. Persons, and, poetically, things, of a like kind.
A brotherhood of venerable trees.
Wordsworth.
Syn. - Fraternity; association; fellowship; sodality.
Brotherinlaw (?), n.; pl. Brothersinlaw (?). The brother of one's husband or wife; also, the husband of one's sister; sometimes, the husband of one's wife's sister.
Brotherliness (?), n. The state or quality of being brotherly.
Brotherly (?), a. Of or pertaining to brothers; such as is natural for brothers; becoming to brothers; kind; affectionate; as, brotherly love.
Syn. - Fraternal; kind; affectionate; tender.
Brotherly, adv. Like a brother; affectionately; kindly. I speak but brotherly of him.
Shak.
Brouded (?), p.a. Braided; broidered. [Obs.]
Alle his clothes brouded up and down.
Chaucer.
Brougham (?), n. A light, close carriage, with seats inside for two or four, and the fore wheels so arranged as to turn short.
Brow (?), n. [OE. browe, bruwe, AS. br?; akin to AS. br?w, brew, eyelid, OFries. br, D. braauw, Icel. br, br?n, OHG. prwa, G. braue, OSlav. br?v?, Russ. brove, Ir. brai, Ir. & Gael. abhra, Armor. abrant, Gr. ?, Skr. bhr?. Cf. Bray a bank, Bridge.] 1. The prominent ridge over the eye, with the hair that covers it, forming an arch above the orbit.
And his arched brow, pulled o'er his eyes,
With solemn proof proclaims him wise.
Churchill.
2. The hair that covers the brow (ridge over the eyes); the eyebrow.
'T is not your inky brows, your brack silk hair.
Shak.
3. The forehead; as, a feverish brow.
Beads of sweat have stood upon thy brow.
Shak.
4. The general air of the countenance.
To whom thus Satan with contemptuous brow.
Milton.
He told them with a masterly brow.
Milton.
5. The edge or projecting upper aprt of a steep place; as, the brow of a precipice; the brow of a hill.
To bend the brow, To knit the brows, to frown; to scowl.
Brow, v.t. To boundto limit; to be at, or form, the edge of. [R.]
Tending my flocks hard by i' the hilly crofts
That brow this bottom glade.
Milton.
Browbeat (?), v.t. [imp. Browbeat; p.p. Browbeaten (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Browbeating.] To depress or bear down with haughty, stern looks, or with arrogant speech and dogmatic assertions; to abash or disconcert by impudent or abusive words or looks; to bully; as, to browbeat witnesses.
My grandfather was not a man to be browbeaten.
W.Irving.
Browbeating, n. The act of bearing down, abashing, or disconcerting, with stern looks, suspercilious manners, or confident assertions.
The imperious browbeating and scorn of great men.
L'Estrange.
Browbound (?), a. Crowned; having the head encircled as with a diadem.
Shak.
Browdyng (?), n. Embroidery. [Obs.]
Of goldsmithrye, of browdying, and of steel.
Chaucer.
Browed (?), a. Having (such) a brow; used in composition; as, darkbrowed, sternbrowed.
Browless (?), a. Without shame.
L.Addison.
Brown (?), a. [Compar. Browner (?); superl. Brownest.] [OE. brun, broun, AS. br?n; akin to D. bruin, OHG. br?n, Icel. br?nn, Sw. brun, Dan. bruun, G. braun, Lith. brunas, Skr. babhru. 93, 253. Cf. Bruin, Beaver, Burnish, Brunette.] Of a dark color, of various shades between black and red or yellow.
Cheeks brown as the oak leaves.
Longfellow.
Brown Bess, the old regulation flintlock smoothbore musket, with bronzed barrel, formerly used in the British army. Brown bread. (a) Dark colored bread; esp. a kind made of unbolted wheat flour, sometimes called in the United States Graham bread. He would mouth with a beggar though she smelt brown bread and garlic. Shak. (b) Dark colored bread made of rye meal and Indian meal, or of wheat and rye or Indian; rye and Indian bread. [U.S.] Brown coal, wood coal. See Lignite. Brown hematitre or Brown iron ore (Min.), the hydrous iron oxide, limonite, which has a brown streak. See Limonite. Brown holland. See under Holland. Brown paper, dark colored paper, esp. coarse wrapping paper, made of unbleached materials. Brown spar(Min.), a ferruginous variety of dolomite, in part identical with ankerite. Brown stone. See Brownstone. Brown stout, a strong kind of proter or malt liquor. Brown study, a state of mental abstraction or serious reverie.
W.Irving.
Brown, n. A dark color inclining to red or yellow, resulting from the mixture of red and black, or of red, black, and yellow; a tawny, dusky hue.
Brown, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Browned (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Browning.] 1. To make brown or dusky.
A trembling twilight o'er welkin moves,
Browns the dim void and darkens deep the groves.
Barlow.
2. To make brown by scorching slightly; as, to brown meat or flour.
3. To give a bright brown color to, as to gun barrels, by forming a thin coat of oxide on their surface.
Ure.
Brown, v.i. To become brown.
Brownback (?), n. (Zol.) The dowitcher or redbreasted snipe. See Dowitcher.
Brown bill (?). [Brown + bill cuttingtool.] A bill or halberd of the 16th and 17th centuries. See 4th Bill.
Many time, but for a sallet, my brainp?n had been cleft with a brown bill.
Shak.
The black, or as it is sometimes called, the brown bill, was a kind of halberd, the cutting part hooked like a woodman's bill, from the back of which projected a spike, and another from the head.
Grose.
Brownian (?), a. Pertaining to Dr. Robert Brown, who first demonstrated (about 1827) the commonness of the motion described below.
Brownian movement, the peculiar, rapid, vibratory movement exhibited by the microscopic particles of substances when suspended in water or other fluids.
Brownie (?), n. [So called from its supposed tawny or swarthy color.] An imaginary goodnatured spirit, who was supposed often to perform important services around the house by night, such as thrashing, churning, sweeping. [Scot.]
Browning, n. 1. The act or operation of giving a brown color, as to gun barrels, etc.
2. (Masonry) A smooth coat of brown mortar, usually the second coat, and the preparation for the finishing coat of plaster.
Brownish, a. Somewhat brown.
Brownism (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) The views or teachings of Robert Brown of the Brownists.
Milton.
Brownism, n. (Med.) The doctrines of the Brunonian system of medicine. See Brunonian.
Brownist, n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Robert Brown, of England, in the 16th century, who taught that every church is complete and independent in itself when organized, and consists of members meeting in one place, having full power to elect and depose its officers.
Brownist, n. (Med.) One who advocates the Brunonian system of medicine.
Brownness, n. The quality or state of being brown.
Now like I brown (O lovely brown thy hair);
Only in brownness beauty dwelleth there.
Drayton.
Brownstone (?), n. A dark variety of sandstone, much used for building purposes.
Brown thrush (?). (Zol.) A common American singing bird (Harporhynchus rufus), allied to the mocking bird; also called brown thrasher.
Brownwort (?), n. (Bot.) A species 9figwort or Scrophularia (S. vernalis), and otherspecies of the same genus, mostly perennials with inconspicuous coarse flowers.
Browny (?), a. Brownor, somewhat brown. Browny locks.
Shak.
Browpost (?), n. (Carp.) A beam that goes across a building.
Browse (?), n. [OF. brost, broust, sprout, shoot, F. brout browse, browsewood, prob. fr. OHG. burst, G. borste, bristle; cf. also Armor. broustato browse. See Bristle, n., Brush, n.] The tender branches or twigs of trees and shrubs, fit for the food of cattle and other animals; green food.
Spenser.
Sheep, goats, and oxen, and the nobler steed,
On browse, and corn, and flowery meadows feed.
Dryden.
Browse, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Browsed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Browsing.] [For broust, OF. brouster, bruster, F. brouter. See Browse, n., and cf. Brut.] 1. To eat or nibble off, as the tender branches of trees, shrubs, etc.; said of cattle, sheep, deer, and some other animals.
Yes, like the stag, when snow the plasture sheets,
The barks of trees thou browsedst.
Shak.
2. To feed on, as pasture; to pasture on; to graze.
Fields ... browsed by deepuddered kine.
Tennyson.

<-- p. 186 -->

Browse (?), v.i. 1. To feed on the tender branches or shoots of shrubs or trees, as do cattle, sheep, and deer.
2. To pasture; to feed; to nibble.
Shak.
Browser (?), n. An animal that browses.
Browsewood (?), n. Srubs and bushes upon which animals browse.
Browsing, n. Browse; also, a place abounding with shrubs where animals may browse.
Browsings for the deer.
Howell.
Browspot (?), n. (Zol.) A rounded organ between the eyes of the frog; the interocular gland.
Bruang (?), n. [Native name.] (Zol.) The Malayan sun bear.
Brucine (?), n. [Cf. F. brucine, fr. James Bruce, a Scottish traveler.] (Chem.) A poweful vegetable alkaloid, found, associated with strychnine, in the seeds of different species of Strychnos, especially in the ux vomica. It is powerful than strychnine. Called also bruciaand brucina.
Brucite (?), n. [Named after Dr. A.Bruce of New York.] (Min.) (a) A white, pearly mineral, occurring thin and foliated, like talc, and also fibrous; a native magnesium hydrate. (b) The mineral chondrodite. [R.]
Bruckeled (?), a. Wet and dirty; begrimed. [Obs. or Dial.]
Herrick.
Bruh (?), n. (Zol.) [Native name.] The rhesus monkey. See Rhesus.
Bruin (?), n. [D. bruin brown. In the epic poem of Reynard the Fox the bear is so called from his color. See Brown, a.] A bear; so called in popular tales and fables.
Bruise (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bruised (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bruising.] [OE. brusen, brisen, brosen, bresen, AS. br?sanor fr. OF. bruiser, bruisier, bruser, to break, shiver, perh. from OHG. brochisn. Cf. Break, v.t.] 1. To injure, as by a blow or collision, without laceration; to contuse; as, to bruise one's finger with a hammer; to bruise the bark of a tree with a stone; to bruise an apple by letting it fall.
2. To break; as in a mortar; to bray, as minerals, roots, etc.; to crush.
Nor bruise her flowerets with the armed hoofs.
Shak.
Syn. - To pulverize; bray; triturate; pound; contuse.
Bruise, v.i. To fight with the fists; to box.
Bruising was considered a fine, manly, old English custom.
Thackeray.
Bruise, n. An injury to the flesh of animals, or to plants, fruit, etc., with a blunt or heavy instrument, or by collision with some other body; a contusion; as, a bruise on the head; bruises on fruit.
From the sole of the foot even unto the head there is no soundness in it; but wounds, and bruises.
Isa.i.6.
Bruiser (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, bruises.
2. A boxer; a pugilist.
R.Browning.
Like a new bruiser on Broughtonic aand,
Amid the lists our hero takes his stand.
T.Warton.
3. A concave tool used in grinding lenses or the speculums of telescopes.
Knight.
Bruisewort (?), n. A plant supposed to heal bruises, as the true daisy, the soapwort, and the comfrey.
Bruit (?), n. [OE. bruit, brut, noise, bruit, F. bruit, fr. LL. brugitus; cf. L. rugireto roar; perh. influenced by the source of E. bray to make a harsh noise, Armor. brud bruit.] 1. Report; rumor; fame.
The bruit thereof will bring you many friends.
Shak.
2. [French pron. ?.] (Med.) An abnormal sound of several kinds, heard on auscultation.
Bruit, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bruited; p.pr. & vb.n. Bruiting.] To report; to noise abroad.
I find thou art no less than fame hath bruited.
Shak.
Brumaire (?), n. [F., fr. L. bruma winter.] The second month of the calendar adopted by the first French republic. It began thirty days after the autumnal equinox. See Vendemiaire.
Brumal (?), a. [L. brumalis, fr. bruma winter: cf. F. brumal.] Of or pertaining to winter. The brumal solstice.
Sir T.Browne.
Brume (?), n. [F. brume winter season, mist, L. bruma winter.] Mist; fog; vapors. The drifting brume.
Longfellow.
Brummagem (?), a. [Birmingham (formerly Bromwycham), Eng., the great mart and manufactory of gilt toys, cheap jewelry, etc.] Counterfeit; gaudy but worthless; sham. [Slang] These Brummagem gentry.
Lady D.Hardy.
Brumous (?), a. Foggy; misty.
Brun (?), n. [See Broun a brook.] Same as Brun, a brook. [Scot.]
Brunette (?), n. [F. brunet, brunette, brownish, dim. of brun, brune, brown, fr. OHG. br?n. See Brown, a.] A girl or woman with a somewhat brown or dark complexion. a. Having a dark tint.
Brunion (?), n. [F. brugnon (cf. It. brugna, prugna), fr. L. prunum. See Prune, n.] A nectarine.
Brunonian (?), a. Pertaining to, or invented by, Brown; a term applied to a system of medicine promulgated in the 18th century by John Brown, of Scotland, the fundamental doctrine of which was, that life is a state of excitation produced by the normal action of external agents upon the body, and that disease consists in excess or deficiency of excitation.
Brunswick black (?). See Japan black.
Brunswick green (?). [G. Braunschweiger grn, first made at Brunswick, in Germany.] An oxychloride 9copper, used as a green pigment; also, a carbonate of copper similarly employed.
Brunt (?), n. [OE. brunt, bront, fr. Icel. brunato rush; cf. Icel. brennato burn. Cf. Burn, v.t.] 1. The heat, or utmost violence, of an onset; the strength or greatest fury of any contention; as, the brunt of a battle.
2. The force of a blow; shock; collision. And heavy brunt of cannon ball.
Hudibras.
It is instantly and irrecoverably scattered by our first brunt with some real affair of common life.
I.Taylor.
Brush (?), n. [OE. brusche, OF. broche, broce, brosse, brushwood, F. brossebrush, LL. brustia, bruscia, fr. OHG. brusta, brust, bristle, G. borste bristle, brste brush. See Bristle, n., and cf. Browse.] 1. An instrument composed of bristles, or other like material, set in a suitable back or handle, as of wood, bone, or ivory, and used for various purposes, as in removing dust from clothes, laying on colors, etc. Brushes have different shapes and names according to their use; as, clothes brush, paint brush, tooth brush, etc.
2. The bushy tail of a fox.
3. (Zol.) A tuft of hair on the mandibles.
4. Branchesof trees lopped off; brushwood.
5. A thicket of shrubs or small trees; the shrubs and small trees in a wood; underbrush.
6. (Elec.) A bundle of flexible wires or thin plates of metal, used to conduct an electrical currentto or from the commutator of a dynamo, electric motor, or similar apparatus.
7. The act of brushing; as, to give one's clothes a brush; a rubbing or grazing with a quick motion; a light touch; as, we got a brush from the wheel as it passed.
[As leaves] have with one winter's brush
Fell from their boughts.
Shak.
8. A skirmish; a slight encounter; a shock or collision; as, to have a brush with an enemy.
Let grow thy sinews till their knots be strong,
And tempt not yet the brushes of the war.
Shak.
9. A shoer contest, or trial, of speed.
Let us enjoy a brush across the country.
Cornhill Mag.
Electrical brush, a form of the electric discharge characterized by a brushlike appearance of luminous rays diverging from an electrified body.
Brush, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brushed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brushing.] [OE. bruschen; cf. F. brosser. See Brush, n.] 1. To apply a brush to, according to its particular use; to rub, smooth, clean, paint, etc., with a brush. A' brushes his hat o' mornings.
Shak.
2. To touch in passing, or to pass lightly over, as with a brush.
Some spread their sailes, some with strong oars sweep
The waters smooth, and brush the buxom wave.
Fairfax.
Brushed with the kiss of rustling wings.
Milton.
3. To remove or gather by brushing, or by an act like that of brushing, or by passing lightly over, as wind; commonly with off.
As wicked dew as e'er my mother brushed
With raven's feather from unwholesome fen.
Shak.
And from the boughts brush off the evil dew.
Milton.
To brush aside, to remove from one's way, as with a brush. To brush away, to remove, as with a brush or brushing motion. To brush up, to paint, or make clean or bright with a brush; to cleanse or improve; to renew.
You have commissioned me to paint your shop, and I have done my best to brush you up like your neighbors.
Pope.
Brush, v.i. To move nimbly in haste; to move so lightly as scarcely to be perceived; as, to brush by.
Snatching his hat, he brushed off like the wind.
Goldsmith.
Brusher (?), n. One who, or that which, brushes.
Brushiness (?), n. The quality of resembling a brush; brushlike condition; shagginess.
Dr. H.More.
Brushing, a. 1. Constructed or used to brush with; as a brushing machine.
2. Brisk; light; as, a brushing gallop.
Brushite (?), n. [From George J.Brush, an American mineralogist.] (Min.) A white or gray crystalline mineral consisting of the acid phosphate of calcium.
Brush turkey (?). (Zol.) A large, edible, gregarious bird of Australia (Talegalla Lathami) of the family Megapodid. Also applied to several allied species of New Guinea.
The brush turkeys live in the brush, and construct a common nest by collecting a large heap of decaying vegetable matter, which generates heat sufficient to hatch the numerous eggs (sometimes half a bushel) deposited in it by the females of the flock.
Brush wheel (?). 1. A wheel without teeth, used to turn a similar one by the friction of bristles or something brushlike or soft attached to the circumference.
2. A circular revolving brush used by turners, lapidaries, silversmiths, etc., for polishing.
Brushwood (?), n. 1. Brush; a thicket or coppice of small trees and shrubs.
2. Small branches of trees cut off.
Brushy, a. Resembling a brush; shaggy; rough.
Brusk (?), a. Same as Brusque.
Brusque (?), a. [F. brusque, from It. bruscobrusque, tart, sour, perh. fr. L. (vitis) labrusca wild (vine); or cf. OHG. bruttisc grim, fr. brutti terror.] Rough and prompt in manner; blunt; abrupt; hluff; as, a brusque man; a brusque style.
Brusqueness, n. Quality of beingbrusque; roughness joined with promptness; blutness.
Brit. Quar.
Brussels (?), n. A city of Belgium, giving its name to a kind of carpet, a kind of lace, etc.
Brussels carpet, a kind of carpet made of worsted yarn fixed in a foundation web of strong linen thread. The worsted, which alone shows on the upper surface in drawn up in loops to form the pattern. Brussels ground, a name given to the handmade ground of real Brussels lace. It is very costly because of the extreme finenessof the threads. Brussels lace, an expensive kind of lace of several varieties, originally made in Brussels; as, Brussels point, Brussels ground, Brussels wire ground. Brussels net, an imitation of Brussels ground, made by machinery. Brussels point. See Point lace. Brussels sprouts(Bot.), a plant of the Cabbage family, which produces, in the axils of the upright stem, numerous small green heads, or sprouts, each a cabbage in miniature, of one or two inches in diameter; the thousandheaded cabbage. Brussels wire ground, a ground for lace, made of silk, with meshes partly straight and partly arched.
Brustle (?), v.i. [imp. & p.p. Brustled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brustling (?).] [OE. brustlien and brastlien, AS. brastlian, fr. berstan to burst, akin to G. prasselnto crackle. See Burst, v.i.] 1. To crackle; to rustle, as a silk garment. [Obs.]
Gower.
2. To make a show of firecenessor defiance; to bristle. [Obs.]
To brustle up, to bristle up. [Obs.]
Otway.
Brustle, n. A bristle. [Obs. or Prov.]
Chaucer.
Brut (?), v.i. [F. brouter, OF. brouster. See Browse, n.] To browse. [Obs.]
Evelyn.
Brut, n. (Zol.) See Birt.
Bruta (?), n. [NL., neuter pl., fr. L. brutus heavy, stupid.] (Zol.) See Edentata.
Brutal (?), a. [Cf. F. brutal. See Brute, a.] 1. Of or pertaining to a brute; as, brutal nature. Above the rest of brutal kind.
Milton.
2. Like a brute; savage; cruel; inhuman; brutish; unfeeling; merciless; gross; as, brutal manners. Brutal intemperance.
Macaulay.
Brutalism (?), n. Brutish quality; brutality.
Brutality (?), n.; pl. Brutalities (?). [Cf. F. brutalit.] 1. The quality of beingbrutal; inhumanity; savageness; pitilessness.
2. An inhuman act.
The ... brutalities exercised in war.
Brougham.
Brutalization (?), n. The act or processof making brutal; state of being brutalized.
Brutalize (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brutalized (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brutalizing.] [Cf. F. brutaliser.] To make brutal; beasty; unfeeling; or inhuman.
Brutalize, v.i. To become brutal, inhuman, barbarous, or coarse and beasty. [R.]
He mixed ... with his countrymen, brutalized with them in their habits and manners.
Addison.
Brutally, adv. In a brutal manner; cruelly.
Brute (?), a. [F. brut, nasc., brute, fem., raw, rough, rude, brutish, L. brutus stupid, irrational: cf. It. & Sp. bruto.] 1. Not having sensation; senseless; inanimate; unconscious; without intelligence or volition; as, the brute earth; the brute powers of nature.
2. Not possessing reason, irrational; unthinking; as, a brute beast; the brute creation.
A creature ... not prone
And brute as other creatures, but endued
With sanctity of reason.
Milton.
3. Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of, a brute beast. Hence: Brutal; cruel; fierce; ferocious; savage; pitiless; as, brute violence.
Macaulay.
The influence of capital and mere brute labor.
Playfair.
4. Having the physical powers predominating over the mental; coarse; unpolished; unintelligent.
A great brute farmer from Liddesdale.
Sir W.Scott.
5. Rough; uncivilized; unfeeling. [R.]
Brute, n. 1. An animal destitute of human reason; any animal not human; esp. a quadruped; a beast.
Brutes may be considered as either aral, terrestrial, aquatic, or amphibious.
Locke.
2. A brutal person; a savage in heart or manners; as unfeeling or coarse person.
An illnatured brute of a husband.
Franklin.
Syn. - See Beast.
Brute, v.t. [For bruit.] To report; to bruit. [Obs.]
Brutely, adv. In a rude or violent manner.
Bruteness, n. 1. Brutality. [Obs.]
Spenser.
2. Insensibility. The bruteness of nature.
Emerson.
Brutify (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brutified (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brutifying.] [Brute + fy: cf. F. brutifier.] To make like a brute; to make senseless, stupid, or unfeeling; to brutalize.
Any man not quite brutified and void of sense.
Barrow.
Brutish (?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, a brute or brutes; of a cruel, gross, and stupid nature; coarse; unfeeling; unintelligent.
O, let all provocation
Take every brutish shape it can devise.
Leigh Hunt.
Man may ... render himself brutish, but it is in vain that he would seek to take the rank and density of the brute.
I.Taylor.
Syn. - Insensible; stupid; unfeeling; savage; cruel; brutal; barbarous; inhuman; ferocious; gross; carnal; sensual; bestial.
Brutishly, adv. Brutishness, n.
Brutism (?), n. The nature or characteristic qualities or actions of a brute; extreme stupidity, or beastly vulgarity.
Bruting (?), n. Browsing. [Obs.]
Evelyn.
Bryological (?), a. Relating to bryology; as, bryological studies.
Bryologist (?), n. One versed in bryology.
Bryology (?), n. [Gr. ? moss + logy.] That part of botany which relates to mosses.
Bryonin (?), n. (Chem.) A bitter principle obtained from the root of the bryony (Bryonia alba and B. dioica). It is a white, or slightly colored, substance, and is emetic and cathartic.

<-- p. 187 -->

Bryony (?), n. [L. bryonia, Gr. ?, fr. ? to swell, esp. of plants.] (Bot.) The commonname of several cucurbitaceous plants of the genus Bryonia. The root of B. alba (rough or white bryony) and of B. dioica is a strong, irritating cathartic.
Black bryony, a plant (Tamus communis) so named from its dark glossy leaves and black root; black bindweed.
Bryophyta (?), n. pl. See Cryptogamia.
Bryozoa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? moss + ? animal.] (Zol.) A class of Molluscoidea, including minute animals which by budding form compound colonies; called also Polyzoa.
They are often coralike in form and appearance, each small cell containing an individual zooid. Other species grow in delicate, flexible, branched forms, resembling moss, whence the name. Some are found in fresh water, but most are marine. The three principal divisions are Ectoprocta, Entoprocta, and Pterobranchia. See Cyclostoma, Chilostoma, and Phylactolema.
Bryozoan (?), a. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the Bryozoa. n. One of the Bryozoa.
Bryozoum (?), n. [NL. See Bryozoa.] (Zol.) An individual zooid of a bryozoan coralline, of which there may be two or more kinds in a single colony. The zocia usually have a wreath of tentacles around the mouth, and a well developed stomach and intestinal canal; but these parts are lacking in the otherzooids (Avicularia, Ocia, etc.).
Buansuah (?), n. [Native name.] (Zol.) The wild dog of northern India (Cuon primvus), supposed by some to be an ancestral species of the domsetic dog.
Buat (?), n. [Scot., of uncertain origin.] A lantern; also, the moon. [Scot.]
Sir W.Scott.
Bub (?), n. Strong malt liquor. [Cant]
Prior.
Bub, n. [Cf. 2d Bubby.] A young brother; a little boy; a familiar term of address of a small boy.
Bub, v.t. [Abbrev. from Bubble.] To throw out in bubbles; to bubble. [Obs.]
Sackville.
Bubale (?), n. [Cf. F. bubale. See Buffalo, n.] (Zol.) A large antelope (Alcelaphus bubalis) of Egypt and the Desert of Sahara, supposed by some to be the fallow deer of the Bible.
Bubaline (?), a. (Zol.) Resembling a buffalo.
Bubaline antelope (Zol.), the bubale.
Bubble (?), n. [Cf. D. bobbel, Dan. boble, Sw. bubbla. Cf. Blob, n.] 1. A thin film of liquid inflated with air or gas; as, a soap bubble; bubbles on the surface of a river.
Beads of sweat have stood upon thy brow,
Like bubbles in a late disturbed stream.
Shak.
2. A small quantity of air or gas within a liquid body; as, bubbles risingin champagne or arated waters.
3. A globule of air, or globular vacuum, in a transparent solid; as, bubbles in window glass, or in a lens.
4. A small, hollow, floating bead or globe, formerly used for testing the strength of spirits.
5. The globule of air in the spirit tube of a level.
6. Anything that wants firmnessor solidity; that which is more specious than real; a false show; a cheat or fraud; a delusive scheme; an empty project; a dishonest speculation; as, the South Sea bubble.
Then a soldier ...
Seeking the bubble reputation
Even in the cannon's mouth.
Shak.
7. A person deceived by an empty project; a gull. [Obs.] Ganny's a cheat, and I'm a bubble.
Prior.
Bubble, v.i. [imp. & p.p. Bubbled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bubbling (?).] [Cf. D. bobbelen, Dan. boble.See Bubble, n.] 1. To rise in bubbles, as liquids when boiling or agitated; to contain bubbles.
The milk that bubbled in the pail.
Tennyson.
2. To run with a gurdling noise, as if forming bubbles; as, a bubbling stream.
Pope.
3. To sing with a gurgling or warbling sound.
At mine ear
Bubbled the nightingale and heeded not.
Tennyson.
Bubbler, v.t. To cheat; to deceive.
She has bubbled him out of his youth.
Addison.
The great Locke, who was seldom outwitted by false sounds, was nevertheless bubbled here.
Sterne.
Bubbler (?), n. 1. One who cheats.
All the Jews, jobbers, bubblers, subscribers, projectors, etc.
Pope.
2. (Zol.) A fish of the Ohio river; so called from the noise it makes.
Bubble shell (?). (Zol.) A marine univalve shell of the genus Bulla and allied genera, belonging to the Tectibranchiata.
Bubbling Jock (?) (Zol.) The male wild turkey, the gobbler; so called in allusion to its notes.
Bubbly (?), a. Abounding in bubbles; bubbling.
Nash.
Bubby (?), n. [Cf. Prov. G. bbbi, or It. poppa, Pr. popa, OF. poupe, a woman's breast.] A woman's breast. [Low]
Bubby, n. [A corruption of brother.] Bub; a term of familiar or affectionate address to a small boy.
Bubo (?), n.; pl. Buboes (?). [LL. bubothe groin, a swelling in the groin, Gr. ?.] (Med.) An inflammation, with enlargement, of a limphatic gland, esp. in the groin, as in syphilis.
Bubonic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a bubo or buboes; characterized by buboes.
Bubonocele (?), n. [Gr. ? groin + ? tumor: cf. F. bubonocle.] (Med.) An inguinal hernia; esp. that incomplete variety in which the hernial pouch descends only as far as the groin, forming a swelling there like a bubo.
Bubukle (?), n. A red pimple. [R.]
Shak.
Buccal (?), a. [L. bucca cheek: cf. F. buccal.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the mouth or cheeks.
Buccaneer (?), n. [F. boucanier, fr. boucanerto smoke or broil meat and fish, to hunt wild beasts for their skins, boucan a smoking placefor meat or fish, gridiron for smoking: a word of American origin.] A robber upon the sea; a pirate; a term applied especially to the piratical adventurers who made depredations on the Spaniards in America in the 17th and 18th centuries. [Written also bucanier.]
Primarily, one who dries and smokes flesh or fish after the manner of the Indians. The name was first given to the French settlers in Hayti or Hispaniola, whose business was to hunt wild cattle and swine.
Buccaneer, v.i. To act the part of a buccaneer; to live as a piratical adventurer or sea robber.
Buccaneerish, a. Like a buccaneer; piratical.
Buccinal (?), a. [L. bucina a crooked horn or trumpet.] Shaped or sounding like a trumpet; trumpetlike.
Buccinator (?), n. [L., a trumpeter, fr. bucinare to sound the trumpet.] (Anat.) A muscle of the cheek; so called from its use in blowing wind instruments.
Buccinoid (?), a. [Buccinum + oid.] (Zol.) Resembling the genus Buccinum, or pertaining to the Buccinid, a family of marine univalve shells. See Whelk, and Prosobranchiata.
Buccinum (?), n. [L., a trumpet, a trumpet shell.] (Zol.) A genus of large univalve mollusks abundant in the arctic seas. It includes the common whelk (B. undatum).
Bucentaur (?), n. [Gr. ?; ox + ? centaur.] 1. A fabulous monster, half ox, half man.
2. [It. bucentoro.] The state barge of Venice, used by the doge in the ceremony of espousing the Adriatic.
Buceros (?), n. [Gr. ? horned like an ox; ? ox + ? horn.] (Zol.) A genus of large perching birds; the hornbills.
Bucholzite (?), n. [So called from Bucholz, a German chemist.] (Min.) Same as Fibrolite.
Buchu (?), n. (Bot.) A South African shrub (Barosma) with small leaves that are dotted with oil dlands; also, the leaves themselves, which are used in medicine for diseases of the urinary organs, etc. Several species furnish the leaves.
Buck (?), n. [Akin to LG. bke, Dan. byg, Sw. byk, G. bauche: cf. It. bucato, Prov. Sp. bugada, F. bue.] 1. Lye or suds in which cloth is soaked in the operation of bleaching, or in which clothes are washed.
2. The cloth or clothes soaked or washed. [Obs.]
Shak.
Buck, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bucked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bucking.] [OE. bouken; akin to LG. bken, Dan. byge, Sw. byka, G. bauchen, beuchen; cf. OF. buer. Cf. the preceding noun.] 1. To soak, steep, or boil, in lye or suds; a process in bleaching.
2. TO wash (clothes) in lye or suds, or, in later usage, by beating them on stones in running water.
3. (Mining) To break up or pulverize, as ores.
Buck, n. [OE. buk, bucke, AS. bucca, bua, hegoat; akin to D. bok, OHG. pocch, G. bock, Ir. boc, W. bwch, Corn. byk; cf. Zend b?za, Skr. bukka. 256. Cf. Butcher, n.] 1. The male of deer, especially fallow deer and antelopes, or of goats, sheep, hares, and rabbits.
A male fallow deer is called a fawn in his first year; a pricket in his second; a sorel in his third; a sore in his fourth; a buck of the first head in his fifth; and a great buck in his sixth. The female of the fallow deer is termed a doe. The male of the red deer is termed a stag or hart and not a buck, and the female is called a hind.
Brande & C.
2. A gay, dashing young fellow; a fop; a dandy.
The leading bucks of the day.
Thackeray.
3. A male Indian or negro. [Colloq. U.S.]
The word buck is much used in composition for the names of antelopes; as, bush buck, spring buck.
Blue buck. See under Blue. Water buck, a South African variety of antelope (Kobus ellipsiprymnus). See Illust. of Antelope.
Buck (?), v.i. 1. To copulate, as bucks and does.
2. To springwith quick plunging leaps, descending with the fore legs rigid and the head held as low down as possible; said of a vicious horse or mule.
Buck, v.t. 1. (Mil.) To subjectto a mode of punishment which consists in tyingthe wrists together, passing the arms over the bent knees, and putting a stick across the arms and in the angle formed by the knees.
2. To throw by bucking. See Buck, v.i., 2.
The brute that he was riding had nearly bucked him out of the saddle.
W.E.Norris.
Buck, n. A frame on which firewood is sawed; a sawhorse; a sawbuck.
Buck saw, a saw set in a frame and used for sawing wood on a sawhorse.
Buck, n. [See Beech, n.] The beech tree. [Scot.]
Buck mast, the mast or fruit of the beech tree.
Johnson.
Buckbasket (?), n. [See 1st Buck.] A basket in which clothes are carried to the wash.
Shak.
Buck bean (?). (Bot.) A plant (Menyanthes trifoliata) which grows in moist and boggy places, having racems of white or reddish flowers and intensely bitter leaves, sometimes used in medicine; marsh trefoil; called also bog bean.
Buckboard (?), n. A fourwheeled vehicle, having a long elastic board or frame resting on the bolsters or axletrees, and a seat or seats placed transversely upon it; called also buck wagon.
Bucker (?), n. (Mining) 1. One who bucks ore.
2. A broadheaded hammer used in bucking ore.
Bucker, n. A horse or mule that bucks.
Bucket (?), n. [OE. boket; cf. AS. buc pitcher, or Corn. buket tub.] 1. A vessel for drawing up water from a well, or for catching, holding, or carrying water, sap, or other liquids.
The old oaken bucket, the ironbound bucket,
The mosscovered bucket, which hung in the well.
Wordsworth.
2. A vessel (as a tub or scoop) for hoisting and conveying coal, ore, grain, etc.
3. (Mach.) One of the receptacles on the rim of a water wheel into which the water rushes, causing the wheel to revolve; also, a float of a paddle wheel.
4. The valved piston of a lifting pump.
Fire bucket, a bucket for carrying water to put out fires. To kick the bucket, to die. [Low]
Bucket shop (?). An office or a place where facilities are given for betting small sums on current prices of stocks, petroleum, etc. [Slang, U.S.]
Buckety (?), n. [A corruption of buckwheat.] Paste used by weavers to dress their webs.
Buchanan.
Buckeye (?), n. 1. (Bot.) A name given to several American trees and shrubs of the same genus (sculus) as the horse chestnut.
The Ohio buckeye, or Fetid buckeye, is sculus glabra. Red buckeye is . Pavia. Small buckeye is . paviflora. Sweet buckeye, or Yellow buckeye, is . flava.
2. A cant name for a native in Ohio. [U.S.]
Buckeye State, Ohio; so called because buckeye trees abound there.
Buckeyed (?), a. Having bad or speckled eyes. A buckeyed horse.
James White.
Buckhound (?), n. A hound for hunting deer.
Master of the buckhounds, an officer in the royal house hold. [Eng.]


 


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