Hesiod, The Homeric Hymns, and Homerica

Part 3 out of 6



Fragment #26 -- (25)
Argument: Pindar, Ol. xiv:
Cephisus is a river in Orchomenus where also the Graces are
worshipped. Eteoclus the son of the river Cephisus first
sacrificed to them, as Hesiod says.

Scholiast on Homer, Il. ii. 522:
`which from Lilaea spouts forth its sweet flowing water....'

Strabo, ix. 424:
`....And which flows on by Panopeus and through fenced Glechon
and through Orchomenus, winding like a snake.'


Fragment #27 --
Scholiast on Homer, Il. vii. 9:
For the father of Menesthius, Areithous was a Boeotian living at
Arnae; and this is in Boeotia, as also Hesiod says.


Fragment #28 --
Stephanus of Byzantium:
Onchestus: a grove (26). It is situate in the country of
Haliartus and was founded by Onchestus the Boeotian, as Hesiod
says.


Fragment #29 --
Stephanus of Byzantium:
There is also a plain of Aega bordering on Cirrha, according to
Hesiod.


Fragment #30 --
Apollodorus, ii. 1.1.5:
But Hesiod says that Pelasgus was autochthonous.


Fragment #31 --
Strabo, v. p. 221:
That this tribe (the Pelasgi) were from Arcadia, Ephorus states
on the authority of Hesiod; for he says: `Sons were born to god-
like Lycaon whom Pelasgus once begot.'


Fragment #32 --
Stephanus of Byzantium:
Pallantium. A city of Arcadia, so named after Pallas, one of
Lycaon's sons, according to Hesiod.


Fragment #33 --
(Unknown):
`Famous Meliboea bare Phellus the good spear-man.'


Fragment #34 --
Herodian, On Peculiar Diction, p. 18:
In Hesiod in the second Catalogue: `Who once hid the torch (27)
within.'


Fragment #35 --
Herodian, On Peculiar Diction, p. 42:
Hesiod in the third Catalogue writes: `And a resounding thud of
feet rose up.'


Fragment #36 --
Apollonius Dyscolus (28), On the Pronoun, p. 125:
`And a great trouble to themselves.'


Fragment #37 --
Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. i. 45:
Neither Homer nor Hesiod speak of Iphiclus as amongst the
Argonauts.


Fragment #38 --
`Eratosthenes' (29), Catast. xix. p. 124:
The Ram.] -- This it was that transported Phrixus and Helle. It
was immortal and was given them by their mother Nephele, and had
a golden fleece, as Hesiod and Pherecydes say.


Fragment #39 --
Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. ii. 181:
Hesiod in the "Great Eoiae" says that Phineus was blinded because
he revealed to Phrixus the road; but in the third "Catalogue",
because he preferred long life to sight.

Hesiod says he had two sons, Thynus and Mariandynus.

Ephorus (30) in Strabo, vii. 302:
Hesiod, in the so-called Journey round the Earth, says that
Phineus was brought by the Harpies `to the land of milk-feeders
(31) who have waggons for houses.'


Fragment #40A -- (Cp. Fr. 43 and 44)
Oxyrhynchus Papyri 1358 fr. 2 (3rd cent. A.D.): (32)
((LACUNA -- Slight remains of 7 lines))

(ll. 8-35) `(The Sons of Boreas pursued the Harpies) to the lands
of the Massagetae and of the proud Half-Dog men, of the
Underground-folk and of the feeble Pygmies; and to the tribes of
the boundless Black-skins and the Libyans. Huge Earth bare these
to Epaphus -- soothsaying people, knowing seercraft by the will
of Zeus the lord of oracles, but deceivers, to the end that men
whose thought passes their utterance (33) might be subject to the
gods and suffer harm -- Aethiopians and Libyans and mare-milking
Scythians. For verily Epaphus was the child of the almighty Son
of Cronos, and from him sprang the dark Libyans, and high-souled
Aethiopians, and the Underground-folk and feeble Pygmies. All
these are the offspring of the lord, the Loud-thunderer. Round
about all these (the Sons of Boreas) sped in darting flight....
....of the well-horsed Hyperboreans -- whom Earth the all-
nourishing bare far off by the tumbling streams of deep-flowing
Eridanus.... ....of amber, feeding her wide-scattered offspring
-- and about the steep Fawn mountain and rugged Etna to the isle
Ortygia and the people sprung from Laestrygon who was the son of
wide-reigning Poseidon. Twice ranged the Sons of Boreas along
this coast and wheeled round and about yearning to catch the
Harpies, while they strove to escape and avoid them. And they
sped to the tribe of the haughty Cephallenians, the people of
patient-souled Odysseus whom in aftertime Calypso the queenly
nymph detained for Poseidon. Then they came to the land of the
lord the son of Ares.... ....they heard. Yet still (the Sons of
Boreas) ever pursued them with instant feet. So they (the
Harpies) sped over the sea and through the fruitless air...'


Fragment #40 --
Strabo, vii. p. 300:
`The Aethiopians and Ligurians and mare-milking Scythians.'


Fragment #41 --
Apollodorus, i. 9.21.6:
As they were being pursued, one of the Harpies fell into the
river Tigris, in Peloponnesus which is now called Harpys after
her. Some call this one Nicothoe, and others Aellopus. The
other who was called Ocypete, or as some say Ocythoe (though
Hesiod calls her Ocypus), fled down the Propontis and reached as
far as to the Echinades islands which are now called because of
her, Strophades (Turning Islands).


Fragment #42 --
Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. ii. 297:
Hesiod also says that those with Zetes (34) turned and prayed to
Zeus: `There they prayed to the lord of Aenos who reigns on
high.'

Apollonius indeed says it was Iris who made Zetes and his
following turn away, but Hesiod says Hermes.

Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. ii. 296:
Others say (the islands) were called Strophades, because they
turned there and prayed Zeus to seize the Harpies. But according
to Hesiod... they were not killed.


Fragment #43 --
Philodemus (35), On Piety, 10:
Nor let anyone mock at Hesiod who mentions.... or even the
Troglodytes and the Pygmies.


Fragment #44 --
Strabo, i. p. 43:
No one would accuse Hesiod of ignorance though he speaks of the
Half-dog people and the Great-Headed people and the Pygmies.


Fragment #45 --
Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. iv. 284:
But Hesiod says they (the Argonauts) had sailed in through the
Phasis.

Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. iv. 259:
But Hesiod (says).... they came through the Ocean to Libya, and
so, carrying the Argo, reached our sea.


Fragment #46 --
Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. iii. 311:
Apollonius, following Hesiod, says that Circe came to the island
over against Tyrrhenia on the chariot of the Sun. And he called
it Hesperian, because it lies toward the west.


Fragment #47 --
Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. iv. 892:
He (Apollonius) followed Hesiod who thus names the island of the
Sirens: `To the island Anthemoessa (Flowery) which the son of
Cronos gave them.'

And their names are Thelxiope or Thelxinoe, Molpe and Aglaophonus
(36).

Scholiast on Homer, Od. xii. 168:
Hence Hesiod said that they charmed even the winds.


Fragment #48 --
Scholiast on Homer, Od. i. 85:
Hesiod says that Ogygia is within towards the west, but Ogylia
lies over against Crete: `...the Ogylian sea and... ...the island
Ogylia.'


Fragment #49 --
Scholiast on Homer, Od. vii. 54:
Hesiod regarded Arete as the sister of Alcinous.


Fragment #50 --
Scholiast on Pindar, Ol. x. 46:
Her Hippostratus (did wed), a scion of Ares, the splendid son of
Phyetes, of the line of Amarynces, leader of the Epeians.


Fragment #51 --
Apollodorus, i. 8.4.1:
When Althea was dead, Oeneus married Periboea, the daughter of
Hipponous. Hesiod says that she was seduced by Hippostratus the
son of Amarynces and that her father Hipponous sent her from
Olenus in Achaea to Oeneus because he was far away from Hellas,
bidding him kill her.

`She used to dwell on the cliff of Olenus by the banks of wide
Peirus.'


Fragment #52 --
Diodorus (37) v. 81:
Macareus was a son of Crinacus the son of Zeus as Hesiod says...
and dwelt in Olenus in the country then called Ionian, but now
Achaean.


Fragment #53 --
Scholiast on Pindar, Nem. ii. 21:
Concerning the Myrmidons Hesiod speaks thus: `And she conceived
and bare Aeacus, delighting in horses. Now when he came to the
full measure of desired youth, he chafed at being alone. And the
father of men and gods made all the ants that were in the lovely
isle into men and wide-girdled women. These were the first who
fitted with thwarts ships with curved sides, and the first who
used sails, the wings of a sea-going ship.'


Fragment #54 --
Polybius, v. 2:
`The sons of Aeacus who rejoiced in battle as though a feast.'


Fragment #55 --
Porphyrius, Quaest. Hom. ad Iliad. pertin. p. 93:
He has indicated the shameful deed briefly by the phrase `to lie
with her against her will', and not like Hesiod who recounts at
length the story of Peleus and the wife of Acastus.


Fragment #56 --
Scholiast on Pindar, Nem. iv. 95:
`And this seemed to him (Acastus) in his mind the best plan; to
keep back himself, but to hide beyond guessing the beautiful
knife which the very famous Lame One had made for him, that in
seeking it alone over steep Pelion, he (Peleus) might be slain
forthwith by the mountain-bred Centaurs.'


Fragment #57 --
Voll. Herculan. (Papyri from Herculaneum), 2nd Collection, viii.
105:
The author of the "Cypria" (38) says that Thetis avoided wedlock
with Zeus to please Hera; but that Zeus was angry and swore that
she should mate with a mortal. Hesiod also has the like account.


Fragment #58 --
Strassburg Greek Papyri 55 (2nd century A.D.):
(ll. 1-13) `Peleus the son of Aeacus, dear to the deathless
gods, came to Phthia the mother of flocks, bringing great
possessions from spacious Iolcus. And all the people envied him
in their hearts seeing how he had sacked the well-built city, and
accomplished his joyous marriage; and they all spake this word:
"Thrice, yea, four times blessed son of Aeacus, happy Peleus!
For far-seeing Olympian Zeus has given you a wife with many gifts
and the blessed gods have brought your marriage fully to pass,
and in these halls you go up to the holy bed of a daughter of
Nereus. Truly the father, the son of Cronos, made you very pre-
eminent among heroes and honoured above other men who eat bread
and consume the fruit of the ground."'


Fragment #59 -- (39)
Origen, Against Celsus, iv. 79:
`For in common then were the banquets, and in common the seats of
deathless gods and mortal men.'


Fragment #60 --
Scholiast on Homer, Il. xvi. 175:
...whereas Hesiod and the rest call her (Peleus' daughter)
Polydora.


Fragment #61 --
Eustathius, Hom. 112. 44 sq:
It should be observed that the ancient narrative hands down the
account that Patroclus was even a kinsman of Achilles; for Hesiod
says that Menoethius the father of Patroclus, was a brother of
Peleus, so that in that case they were first cousins.


Fragment #62 --
Scholiast on Pindar, Ol. x. 83:
Some write `Serus the son of Halirrhothius', whom Hesiod
mentions: `He (begot) Serus and Alazygus, goodly sons.' And
Serus was the son of Halirrhothius Perieres' son, and of Alcyone.


Fragment #63 --
Pausanias (40), ii. 26. 7:
This oracle most clearly proves that Asclepius was not the son of
Arsinoe, but that Hesiod or one of Hesiod's interpolators
composed the verses to please the Messenians.

Scholiast on Pindar, Pyth. iii. 14:
Some say (Asclepius) was the son of Arsinoe, others of Coronis.
But Asclepiades says that Arsinoe was the daughter of Leucippus,
Perieres' son, and that to her and Apollo Asclepius and a
daughter, Eriopis, were born: `And she bare in the palace
Asclepius, leader of men, and Eriopis with the lovely hair, being
subject in love to Phoebus.'

And of Arsinoe likewise: `And Arsinoe was joined with the son of
Zeus and Leto and bare a son Asclepius, blameless and strong.'
(41)


Fragment #67 --
Scholiast on Euripides, Orestes 249:
Steischorus says that while sacrificing to the gods Tyndareus
forgot Aphrodite and that the goddess was angry and made his
daughters twice and thrice wed and deserters of their
husbands.... And Hesiod also says:

(ll. 1-7) `And laughter-loving Aphrodite felt jealous when she
looked on them and cast them into evil report. Then Timandra
deserted Echemus and went and came to Phyleus, dear to the
deathless gods; and even so Clytaemnestra deserted god-like
Agamemnon and lay with Aegisthus and chose a worse mate; and even
so Helen dishonoured the couch of golden-haired Menelaus.'


Fragment #68 -- (42)
Berlin Papyri, No. 9739:
(ll. 1-10) `....Philoctetes sought her, a leader of spearmen,
.... most famous of all men at shooting from afar and with the
sharp spear. And he came to Tyndareus' bright city for the sake
of the Argive maid who had the beauty of golden Aphrodite, and
the sparkling eyes of the Graces; and the dark-faced daughter of
Ocean, very lovely of form, bare her when she had shared the
embraces of Zeus and the king Tyndareus in the bright palace....
(And.... sought her to wife offering as gifts)

((LACUNA))

(ll. 11-15) ....and as many women skilled in blameless arts, each
holding a golden bowl in her hands. And truly Castor and strong
Polydeuces would have made him (43) their brother perforce, but
Agamemnon, being son-in-law to Tyndareus, wooed her for his
brother Menelaus.

(ll. 16-19) And the two sons of Amphiaraus the lord, Oecleus'
son, sought her to wife from Argos very near at hand; yet....
fear of the blessed gods and the indignation of men caused them
also to fail.

((LACUNA))

(l. 20) ...but there was no deceitful dealing in the sons of
Tyndareus.

(ll. 21-27) And from Ithaca the sacred might of Odysseus, Laertes
son, who knew many-fashioned wiles, sought her to wife. He never
sent gifts for the sake of the neat-ankled maid, for he knew in
his heart that golden-haired Menelaus would win, since he was
greatest of the Achaeans in possessions and was ever sending
messages (44) to horse-taming Castor and prize-winning
Polydeuces.

(ll. 28-30) And....on's son sought her to wife (and brought)
....bridal-gifts....
....cauldrons....

((LACUNA))

(ll. 31-33) ...to horse-taming Castor and prize-winning
Polydeuces, desiring to be the husband of rich-haired Helen,
though he had never seen her beauty, but because he heard the
report of others.

(ll. 34-41) And from Phylace two men of exceeding worth sought
her to wife, Podarces son of Iphiclus, Phylacus' son, and Actor's
noble son, overbearing Protesilaus. Both of them kept sending
messages to Lacedaemon, to the house of wise Tyndareus, Oebalus'
son, and they offered many bridal-gifts, for great was the girl's
renown, brazen....
....golden....

((LACUNA))

(l. 42) ...(desiring) to be the husband of rich-haired Helen.

(ll. 43-49) From Athens the son of Peteous, Menestheus, sought
her to wife, and offered many bridal-gifts; for he possessed very
many stored treasures, gold and cauldrons and tripods, fine
things which lay hid in the house of the lord Peteous, and with
them his heart urged him to win his bride by giving more gifts
than any other; for he thought that no one of all the heroes
would surpass him in possessions and gifts.

(ll. 50-51) There came also by ship from Crete to the house of
the son of Oebalus strong Lycomedes for rich-haired Helen's sake.

Berlin Papyri, No. 10560:
(ll. 52-54) ...sought her to wife. And after golden-haired
Menelaus he offered the greatest gifts of all the suitors, and
very much he desired in his heart to be the husband of Argive
Helen with the rich hair.

(ll. 55-62) And from Salamis Aias, blameless warrior, sought her
to wife, and offered fitting gifts, even wonderful deeds; for he
said that he would drive together and give the shambling oxen and
strong sheep of all those who lived in Troezen and Epidaurus near
the sea, and in the island of Aegina and in Mases, sons of the
Achaeans, and shadowy Megara and frowning Corinthus, and Hermione
and Asine which lie along the sea; for he was famous with the
long spear.

(ll. 63-66) But from Euboea Elephenor, leader of men, the son of
Chalcodon, prince of the bold Abantes, sought her to wife. And
he offered very many gifts, and greatly he desired in his heart
to be the husband of rich-haired Helen.

(ll. 67-74) And from Crete the mighty Idomeneus sought her to
wife, Deucalion's son, offspring of renowned Minos. He sent no
one to woo her in his place, but came himself in his black ship
of many thwarts over the Ogylian sea across the dark wave to the
home of wise Tyndareus, to see Argive Helen and that no one else
should bring back for him the girl whose renown spread all over
the holy earth.

(l. 75) And at the prompting of Zeus the all-wise came.

((LACUNA -- Thirteen lines lost.))

(ll. 89-100) But of all who came for the maid's sake, the lord
Tyndareus sent none away, nor yet received the gift of any, but
asked of all the suitors sure oaths, and bade them swear and vow
with unmixed libations that no one else henceforth should do
aught apart from him as touching the marriage of the maid with
shapely arms; but if any man should cast off fear and reverence
and take her by force, he bade all the others together follow
after and make him pay the penalty. And they, each of them
hoping to accomplish his marriage, obeyed him without wavering.
But warlike Menelaus, the son of Atreus, prevailed against them
all together, because he gave the greatest gifts.

(ll. 100-106) But Chiron was tending the son of Peleus, swift-
footed Achilles, pre-eminent among men, on woody Pelion; for he
was still a boy. For neither warlike Menelaus nor any other of
men on earth would have prevailed in suit for Helen, if fleet
Achilles had found her unwed. But, as it was, warlike Menelaus
won her before.

II. (45)

(ll. 1-2) And she (Helen) bare neat-ankled Hermione in the
palace, a child unlooked for.

(ll. 2-13) Now all the gods were divided through strife; for at
that very time Zeus who thunders on high was meditating
marvellous deeds, even to mingle storm and tempest over the
boundless earth, and already he was hastening to make an utter
end of the race of mortal men, declaring that he would destroy
the lives of the demi-gods, that the children of the gods should
not mate with wretched mortals, seeing their fate with their own
eyes; but that the blessed gods henceforth even as aforetime
should have their living and their habitations apart from men.
But on those who were born of immortals and of mankind verily
Zeus laid toil and sorrow upon sorrow.

((LACUNA -- Two lines missing.))

(ll. 16-30) ....nor any one of men....
....should go upon black ships....
....to be strongest in the might of his hands....
....of mortal men declaring to all those things that were, and
those that are, and those that shall be, he brings to pass and
glorifies the counsels of his father Zeus who drives the clouds.
For no one, either of the blessed gods or of mortal men, knew
surely that he would contrive through the sword to send to Hades
full many a one of heroes fallen in strife. But at that time he
know not as yet the intent of his father's mind, and how men
delight in protecting their children from doom. And he delighted
in the desire of his mighty father's heart who rules powerfully
over men.

(ll. 31-43) From stately trees the fair leaves fell in abundance
fluttering down to the ground, and the fruit fell to the ground
because Boreas blew very fiercely at the behest of Zeus; the deep
seethed and all things trembled at his blast: the strength of
mankind consumed away and the fruit failed in the season consumed
away and the fruit failed in the season of spring, at that time
when the Hairless One (46) in a secret place in the mountains
gets three young every three years. In spring he dwells upon the
mountain among tangled thickets and brushwood, keeping afar from
and hating the path of men, in the glens and wooded glades. But
when winter comes on, he lies in a close cave beneath the earth
and covers himself with piles of luxuriant leaves, a dread
serpent whose back is speckled with awful spots.

(ll. 44-50) But when he becomes violent and fierce unspeakably,
the arrows of Zeus lay him low.... Only his soul is left on the
holy earth, and that fits gibbering about a small unformed den.
And it comes enfeebled to sacrifices beneath the broad-pathed
earth....
and it lies....'

((LACUNA -- Traces of 37 following lines.))


Fragment #69 --
Tzetzes (47), Exeg. Iliad. 68. 19H:
Agamemnon and Menelaus likewise according to Hesiod and Aeschylus
are regarded as the sons of Pleisthenes, Atreus' son. And
according to Hesiod, Pleisthenes was a son of Atreus and Aerope,
and Agamemnon, Menelaus and Anaxibia were the children of
Pleisthenes and Cleolla the daughter of Dias.


Fragment #70 --
Laurentian Scholiast on Sophocles' Electra, 539:
`And she (Helen) bare to Menelaus, famous with the spear,
Hermione and her youngest-born, Nicostratus, a scion of Ares.'


Fragment #71 --
Pausanias, i. 43. 1:
I know that Hesiod in the "Catalogue of Women" represented that
Iphigeneia was not killed but, by the will of Artemis, became
Hecate (48).


Fragment #72 --
Eustathius, Hom. 13. 44. sq:
Butes, it is said, was a son of Poseidon: so Hesiod in the
"Catalogue".


Fragment #73 --
Pausanias, ii. 6. 5:
Hesiod represented Sicyon as the son of Erechtheus.


Fragment #74 --
Plato, Minos, p. 320. D:
`(Minos) who was most kingly of mortal kings and reigned over
very many people dwelling round about, holding the sceptre of
Zeus wherewith he ruled many.'


Fragment #75 --
Hesychius (49):
The athletic contest in memory of Eurygyes Melesagorus says that
Androgeos the son of Minos was called Eurygyes, and that a
contest in his honour is held near his tomb at Athens in the
Ceramicus. And Hesiod writes: `And Eurygyes (50), while yet a
lad in holy Athens...'


Fragment #76 --
Plutarch, Theseus 20:
There are many tales.... about Ariadne...., how that she was
deserted by Theseua for love of another woman: `For strong love
for Aegle the daughter of Panopeus overpowered him.' For Hereas
of Megara says that Peisistratus removed this verse from the
works of Hesiod.

Athenaeus (51), xiii. 557 A:
But Hesiod says that Theseus wedded both Hippe and Aegle
lawfully.


Fragment #77 --
Strabo, ix. p. 393:
The snake of Cychreus: Hesiod says that it was brought up by
Cychreus, and was driven out by Eurylochus as defiling the
island, but that Demeter received it into Eleusis, and that it
became her attendant.


Fragment #78 --
Argument I. to the Shield of Heracles:
But Apollonius of Rhodes says that it (the "Shield of Heracles")
is Hesiod's both from the general character of the work and from
the fact that in the "Catalogue" we again find Iolaus as
charioteer of Heracles.


Fragment #79 --
Scholiast on Soph. Trach., 266:
(ll. 1-6) `And fair-girdled Stratonica conceived and bare in the
palace Eurytus her well-loved son. Of him sprang sons, Didaeon
and Clytius and god-like Toxeus and Iphitus, a scion of Ares.
And after these Antiope the queen, daughter of the aged son of
Nauboius, bare her youngest child, golden-haired Iolea.'


Fragment #80 --
Herodian in Etymologicum Magnum:
`Who bare Autolyeus and Philammon, famous in speech.... All
things that he (Autolyeus) took in his hands, he made to
disappear.'


Fragment #81 --
Apollonius, Hom. Lexicon:
`Aepytus again, begot Tlesenor and Peirithous.'


Fragment #82 --
Strabo, vii. p. 322:
`For Locrus truly was leader of the Lelegian people, whom Zeus
the Son of Cronos, whose wisdom is unfailing, gave to Deucalion,
stones gathered out of the earth. So out of stones mortal men
were made, and they were called people.' (52)


Fragment #83 --
Tzetzes, Schol. in Exeg. Iliad. 126:
`...Ileus whom the lord Apollo, son of Zeus, loved. And he named
him by his name, because he found a nymph complaisant (53) and
was joined with her in sweet love, on that day when Poseidon and
Apollo raised high the wall of the well-built city.'


Fragment #84 --
Scholiast on Homer, Od. xi. 326:
Clymene the daughter of Minyas the son of Poseidon and of
Euryanassa, Hyperphas' daughter, was wedded to Phylacus the son
of Deion, and bare Iphiclus, a boy fleet of foot. It is said of
him that through his power of running he could race the winds and
could move along upon the ears of corn (54).... The tale is in
Hesiod: `He would run over the fruit of the asphodel and not
break it; nay, he would run with his feet upon wheaten ears and
not hurt the fruit.'


Fragment #85 --
Choeroboscus (55), i. 123, 22H:
`And she bare a son Thoas.'


Fragment #86 --
Eustathius, Hom. 1623. 44:
Maro (56), whose father, it is said, Hesiod relates to have been
Euanthes the son of Oenopion, the son of Dionysus.


Fragment #87 --
Athenaeus, x. 428 B, C:
`Such gifts as Dionysus gave to men, a joy and a sorrow both.
Who ever drinks to fullness, in him wine becomes violent and
binds together his hands and feet, his tongue also and his wits
with fetters unspeakable: and soft sleep embraces him.'


Fragment #88 --
Strabo, ix. p. 442:
`Or like her (Coronis) who lived by the holy Twin Hills in the
plain of Dotium over against Amyrus rich in grapes, and washed
her feet in the Boebian lake, a maid unwed.'


Fragment #89 --
Scholiast on Pindar, Pyth. iii. 48:
`To him, then, there came a messenger from the sacred feast to
goodly Pytho, a crow (57), and he told unshorn Phoebus of secret
deeds, that Ischys son of Elatus had wedded Coronis the daughter
of Phlegyas of birth divine.


Fragment #90 --
Athenagoras (58), Petition for the Christians, 29:
Concerning Asclepius Hesiod says: `And the father of men and gods
was wrath, and from Olympus he smote the son of Leto with a lurid
thunderbolt and killed him, arousing the anger of Phoebus.'


Fragment #91 --
Philodemus, On Piety, 34:
But Hesiod (says that Apollo) would have been cast by Zeus into
Tartarus (59); but Leto interceded for him, and he became bondman
to a mortal.


Fragment #92 --
Scholiast on Pindar, Pyth. ix. 6:
`Or like her, beautiful Cyrene, who dwelt in Phthia by the water
of Peneus and had the beauty of the Graces.'


Fragment #93 --
Servius on Vergil, Georg. i. 14:
He invoked Aristaeus, that is, the son of Apollo and Cyrene, whom
Hesiod calls `the shepherd Apollo.' (60)


Fragment #94 --
Scholiast on Vergil, Georg. iv. 361:
`But the water stood all round him, bowed into the semblance of a
mountain.' This verse he has taken over from Hesiod's "Catalogue
of Women".


Fragment #95 --
Scholiast on Homer, Iliad ii. 469:
`Or like her (Antiope) whom Boeotian Hyria nurtured as a maid.'


Fragment #96 --
Palaephatus (61), c. 42:
Of Zethus and Amphion. Hesiod and some others relate that they
built the walls of Thebes by playing on the lyre.


Fragment #97 --
Scholiast on Soph. Trach., 1167:
(ll. 1-11) `There is a land Ellopia with much glebe and rich
meadows, and rich in flocks and shambling kine. There dwell men
who have many sheep and many oxen, and they are in number past
telling, tribes of mortal men. And there upon its border is
built a city, Dodona (62); and Zeus loved it and (appointed) it
to be his oracle, reverenced by men.... ....And they (the doves)
lived in the hollow of an oak. From them men of earth carry away
all kinds of prophecy, -- whosoever fares to that spot and
questions the deathless god, and comes bringing gifts with good
omens.'


Fragment #98 --
Berlin Papyri, No. 9777: (63)
(ll. 1-22) `....strife.... Of mortals who would have dared to
fight him with the spear and charge against him, save only
Heracles, the great-hearted offspring of Alcaeus? Such an one
was (?) strong Meleager loved of Ares, the golden-haired, dear
son of Oeneus and Althaea. From his fierce eyes there shone
forth portentous fire: and once in high Calydon he slew the
destroying beast, the fierce wild boar with gleaming tusks. In
war and in dread strife no man of the heroes dared to face him
and to approach and fight with him when he appeared in the
forefront. But he was slain by the hands and arrows of Apollo
(64), while he was fighting with the Curetes for pleasant
Calydon. And these others (Althaea) bare to Oeneus, Porthaon's
son; horse-taming Pheres, and Agelaus surpassing all others,
Toxeus and Clymenus and godlike Periphas, and rich-haired Gorga
and wise Deianeira, who was subject in love to mighty Heracles
and bare him Hyllus and Glenus and Ctesippus and Odites. These
she bare and in ignorance she did a fearful thing: when (she had
received)....
the poisoned robe that held black doom....'


Fragment #99A --
Scholiast on Homer, Iliad. xxiii. 679:
And yet Hesiod says that after he had died in Thebes, Argeia the
daughter of Adrastus together with others (cp. frag. 99) came to
the lamentation over Oedipus.


Fragment #99 -- (65)
Papyri greci e latine, No. 131 (2nd-3rd century): (66)
(ll. 1-10) `And (Eriphyle) bare in the palace Alcmaon (67),
shepherd of the people, to Amphiaraus. Him (Amphiaraus) did the
Cadmean (Theban) women with trailing robes admire when they saw
face to face his eyes and well-grown frame, as he was busied
about the burying of Oedipus, the man of many woes. ....Once the
Danai, servants of Ares, followed him to Thebes, to win
renown.... ....for Polynices. But, though well he knew from Zeus
all things ordained, the earth yawned and swallowed him up with
his horses and jointed chariot, far from deep-eddying Alpheus.

(ll. 11-20) But Electyron married the all-beauteous daughter of
Pelops and, going up into one bed with her, the son of Perses
begat.... ....and Phylonomus and Celaeneus and Amphimachus
and.... ....and Eurybius and famous.... All these the Taphians,
famous shipmen, slew in fight for oxen with shambling hoofs,....
....in ships across the sea's wide back. So Alcmena alone was
left to delight her parents.... ....and the daughter of
Electryon....

((LACUNA))

(l. 21) ....who was subject in love to the dark-clouded son of
Cronos and bare (famous Heracles).'


Fragment #100 --
Argument to the Shield of Heracles, i:
The beginning of the "Shield" as far as the 56th verse is current
in the fourth "Catalogue".


Fragment #101 (UNCERTAIN POSITION) --
Oxyrhynchus Papyri 1359 fr. 1 (early 3rd cent. A.D.):
((LACUNA -- Slight remains of 3 lines))

(ll. 4-17) `...if indeed he (Teuthras) delayed, and if he feared
to obey the word of the immortals who then appeared plainly to
them. But her (Auge) he received and brought up well, and
cherished in the palace, honouring her even as his own daughters.

And Auge bare Telephus of the stock of Areas, king of the
Mysians, being joined in love with the mighty Heracles when he
was journeying in quest of the horses of proud Laomedon -- horses
the fleetest of foot that the Asian land nourished, -- and
destroyed in battle the tribe of the dauntless Amazons and drove
them forth from all that land. But Telephus routed the spearmen
of the bronze-clad Achaeans and made them embark upon their black
ships. Yet when he had brought down many to the ground which
nourishes men, his own might and deadliness were brought low....'


Fragment #102 (UNCERTAIN POSITION) --
Oxyrhynchus Papyri 1359 fr. 2 (early 3rd cent. A.D.):
((LACUNA -- Remains of 4 lines))

(ll. 5-16) `....Electra....
was subject to the dark-clouded Son of Cronos and bare
Dardanus....
and Eetion....
who once greatly loved rich-haired Demeter. And cloud-gathering
Zeus was wroth and smote him, Eetion, and laid him low with a
flaming thunderbolt, because he sought to lay hands upon rich-
haired Demeter. But Dardanus came to the coast of the mainland
-- from him Erichthonius and thereafter Tros were sprung, and
Ilus, and Assaracus, and godlike Ganymede, -- when he had left
holy Samothrace in his many-benched ship.

((LACUNA))

Oxyrhynchus Papyri 1359 fr. 3 (early 3rd cent. A.D.):
(ll. 17-24) (68) ....Cleopatra
....the daughter of....
....But an eagle caught up Ganymede for Zeus because he vied with
the immortals in beauty.... ....rich-tressed Diomede; and she
bare Hyacinthus, the blameless one and strong.... ....whom, on a
time Phoebus himself slew unwittingly with a ruthless disk....


ENDNOTES:

(1) A catalogue of heroines each of whom was introduced with the
words E OIE, `Or like her'.
(2) An antiquarian writer of Byzantium, c. 490-570 A.D.
(3) Constantine VII. `Born in the Porphyry Chamber', 905-959
A.D.
(4) "Berlin Papyri", 7497 (left-hand fragment) and "Oxyrhynchus
Papyri", 421 (right-hand fragment). For the restoration see
"Class. Quart." vii. 217-8.
(5) As the price to be given to her father for her: so in
"Iliad" xviii. 593 maidens are called `earners of oxen'.
Possibly Glaucus, like Aias (fr. 68, ll. 55 ff.), raided the
cattle of others.
(6) i.e. Glaucus should father the children of others. The
curse of Aphrodite on the daughters of Tyndareus (fr. 67)
may be compared.
(7) Porphyry, scholar, mathematician, philosopher and historian,
lived 233-305 (?) A.D. He was a pupil of the neo-Platonist
Plotinus.
(8) Author of a geographical lexicon, produced after 400 A.D.,
and abridged under Justinian.
(9) Archbishop of Thessalonica 1175-1192 (?) A.D., author of
commentaries on Pindar and on the "Iliad" and "Odyssey".
(10) In the earliest times a loin-cloth was worn by athletes, but
was discarded after the 14th Olympiad.
(11) Slight remains of five lines precede line 1 in the original:
after line 20 an unknown number of lines have been lost, and
traces of a verse preceding line 21 are here omitted.
Between lines 29 and 30 are fragments of six verses which do
not suggest any definite restoration. (NOTE: Line
enumeration is that according to Evelyn-White; a slightly
different line numbering system is adopted in the original
publication of this fragment. -- DBK)
(12) The end of Schoeneus' speech, the preparations and the
beginning of the race are lost.
(13) Of the three which Aphrodite gave him to enable him to
overcome Atalanta.
(14) The geographer; fl. c.24 B.C.
(15) Of Miletus, flourished about 520 B.C. His work, a mixture
of history and geography, was used by Herodotus.
(16) The Hesiodic story of the daughters of Proetus can be
reconstructed from these sources. They were sought in
marriage by all the Greeks (Pauhellenes), but having
offended Dionysus (or, according to Servius, Juno), were
afflicted with a disease which destroyed their beauty (or
were turned into cows). They were finally healed by
Melampus.
(17) Fl. 56-88 A.D.: he is best known for his work on Vergil.
(18) This and the following fragment segment are meant to be
read together. -- DBK.
(19) This fragment as well as fragments #40A, #101, and #102 were
added by Mr. Evelyn-White in an appendix to the second
edition (1919). They are here moved to the "Catalogues"
proper for easier use by the reader. -- DBK.
(20) For the restoration of ll. 1-16 see "Ox. Pap." pt. xi. pp.
46-7: the supplements of ll. 17-31 are by the Translator
(cp. "Class. Quart." x. (1916), pp. 65-67).
(21) The crocus was to attract Europa, as in the very similar
story of Persephone: cp. "Homeric Hymns" ii. lines 8 ff.
(22) Apollodorus of Athens (fl. 144 B.C.) was a pupil of
Aristarchus. He wrote a Handbook of Mythology, from which
the extant work bearing his name is derived.
(23) Priest at Praeneste. He lived c. 170-230 A.D.
(24) Son of Apollonius Dyscolus, lived in Rome under Marcus
Aurelius. His chief work was on accentuation.
(25) This and the next two fragment segments are meant to be
read together. -- DBK.
(26) Sacred to Poseidon. For the custom observed there, cp.
"Homeric Hymns" iii. 231 ff.
(27) The allusion is obscure.
(28) Apollonius `the Crabbed' was a grammarian of Alexandria
under Hadrian. He wrote largely on Grammar and Syntax.
(29) 275-195 (?) B.C., mathematician, astronomer, scholar, and
head of the Library of Alexandria.
(30) Of Cyme. He wrote a universal history covering the period
between the Dorian Migration and 340 B.C.
(31) i.e. the nomad Scythians, who are described by Herodotus as
feeding on mares' milk and living in caravans.
(32) The restorations are mainly those adopted or suggested in
"Ox. Pap." pt. xi. pp. 48 ff.: for those of ll. 8-14 see
"Class. Quart." x. (1916) pp. 67-69.
(33) i.e. those who seek to outwit the oracle, or to ask of it
more than they ought, will be deceived by it and be led to
ruin: cp. "Hymn to Hermes", 541 ff.
(34) Zetes and Calais, sons of Boreas, who were amongst the
Argonauts, delivered Phineus from the Harpies. The
Strophades (`Islands of Turning') are here supposed to have
been so called because the sons of Boreas were there turned
back by Iris from pursuing the Harpies.
(35) An Epicurean philosopher, fl. 50 B.C.
(36) `Charming-with-her-voice' (or `Charming-the-mind'), `Song',
and `Lovely-sounding'.
(37) Diodorus Siculus, fl. 8 B.C., author of an universal history
ending with Caesar's Gallic Wars.
(38) The first epic in the "Trojan Cycle"; like all ancient epics
it was ascribed to Homer, but also, with more probability,
to Stasinus of Cyprus.
(39) This fragment is placed by Spohn after "Works and Days" l.
120.
(40) A Greek of Asia Minor, author of the "Description of Greece"
(on which he was still engaged in 173 A.D.).
(41) Wilamowitz thinks one or other of these citations belongs to
the Catalogue.
(42) Lines 1-51 are from Berlin Papyri, 9739; lines 52-106 with
B. 1-50 (and following fragments) are from Berlin Papyri,
10560. A reference by Pausanias (iii. 24. 10) to ll. 100
ff. proves that the two fragments together come from the
"Catalogue of Women". The second book (the beginning of
which is indicated after l. 106) can hardly be the second
book of the "Catalogues" proper: possibly it should be
assigned to the EOIAI, which were sometimes treated as part
of the "Catalogues", and sometimes separated from it. The
remains of thirty-seven lines following B. 50 in the Papyrus
are too slight to admit of restoration.
(43) sc. the Suitor whose name is lost.
(44) Wooing was by proxy; so Agamemnon wooed Helen for his
brother Menelaus (ll. 14-15), and Idomeneus, who came in
person and sent no deputy, is specially mentioned as an
exception, and the reasons for this -- if the restoration
printed in the text be right -- is stated (ll. 69 ff.).
(45) The Papyrus here marks the beginning of a second book ("B"),
possibly of the EOIAE. The passage (ll. 2-50) probably led
up to an account of the Trojan (and Theban?) war, in which,
according to "Works and Days" ll. 161-166, the Race of
Heroes perished. The opening of the "Cypria" is somewhat
similar. Somewhere in the fragmentary lines 13-19 a son of
Zeus -- almost certainly Apollo -- was introduced, though
for what purpose is not clear. With l. 31 the destruction
of man (cp. ll. 4-5) by storms which spoil his crops begins:
the remaining verses are parenthetical, describing the snake
`which bears its young in the spring season'.
(46) i.e. the snake; as in "Works and Days" l. 524, the "Boneless
One" is the cuttle-fish.
(47) c. 1110-1180 A.D. His chief work was a poem, "Chiliades",
in accentual verse of nearly 13,000 lines.
(48) According to this account Iphigeneia was carried by Artemis
to the Taurie Chersonnese (the Crimea). The Tauri
(Herodotus iv. 103) identified their maiden-goddess with
Iphigeneia; but Euripides ("Iphigeneia in Tauris") makes her
merely priestess of the goddess.
(49) Of Alexandria. He lived in the 5th century, and compiled a
Greek Lexicon.
(50) For his murder Minos exacted a yearly tribute of boys and
girls, to be devoured by the Minotaur, from the Athenians.
(51) Of Naucratis. His "Deipnosophistae" ("Dons at Dinner") is
an encyclopaedia of miscellaneous topics in the form of a
dialogue. His date is c. 230 A.D.
(52) There is a fancied connection between LAAS (`stone') and
LAOS (`people'). The reference is to the stones which
Deucalion and Pyrrha transformed into men and women after
the Flood.
(53) Eustathius identifies Ileus with Oileus, father of Aias.
Here again is fanciful etymology, ILEUS being similar to
ILEOS (complaisant, gracious).
(54) Imitated by Vergil, "Aeneid" vii. 808, describing Camilla.
(55) c. 600 A.D., a lecturer and grammarian of Constantinople.
(56) Priest of Apollo, and, according to Homer, discoverer of
wine. Maronea in Thrace is said to have been called after
him.
(57) The crow was originally white, but was turned black by
Apollo in his anger at the news brought by the bird.
(58) A philosopher of Athens under Hadrian and Antonius. He
became a Christian and wrote a defence of the Christians
addressed to Antoninus Pius.
(59) Zeus slew Asclepus (fr. 90) because of his success as a
healer, and Apollo in revenge killed the Cyclopes (fr. 64).
In punishment Apollo was forced to serve Admetus as
herdsman. (Cp. Euripides, "Alcestis", 1-8)
(60) For Cyrene and Aristaeus, cp. Vergil, "Georgics", iv. 315
ff.
(61) A writer on mythology of uncertain date.
(62) In Epirus. The oracle was first consulted by Deucalion and
Pyrrha after the Flood. Later writers say that the god
responded in the rustling of leaves in the oaks for which
the place was famous.
(63) The fragment is part of a leaf from a papyrus book of the
4th century A.D.
(64) According to Homer and later writers Meleager wasted away
when his mother Althea burned the brand on which his life
depended, because he had slain her brothers in the dispute
for the hide of the Calydonian boar. (Cp. Bacchylides,
"Ode" v. 136 ff.)
(65) The fragment probably belongs to the "Catalogues" proper
rather than to the Eoiae; but, as its position is uncertain,
it may conveniently be associated with Frags. 99A and the
"Shield of Heracles".
(66) Most of the smaller restorations appear in the original
publication, but the larger are new: these last are highly
conjectual, there being no definite clue to the general
sense.
(67) Alcmaon (who took part in the second of the two heroic
Theban expeditions) is perhaps mentioned only incidentally
as the son of Amphiaraus, who seems to be clearly indicated
in ll. 7-8, and whose story occupies ll. 5-10. At l. 11 the
subject changes and Electryon is introduced as father of
Alcmena.
(68) The association of ll. 1-16 with ll. 17-24 is presumed from
the apparent mention of Erichthonius in l. 19. A new
section must then begin at l. 21. See "Ox. Pap." pt. xi. p.
55 (and for restoration of ll. 5-16, ib. p. 53). ll. 19-20
are restored by the Translator.



THE SHIELD OF HERACLES (480 lines)

(ll. 1-27) Or like here who left home and country and came to
Thebes, following warlike Amphitryon, -- even Alemena, the
daughter of Electyron, gatherer of the people. She surpassed the
tribe of womankind in beauty and in height; and in wisdom none
vied with her of those whom mortal women bare of union with
mortal men. Her face and her dark eyes wafted such charm as
comes from golden Aphrodite. And she so honoured her husband in
her heart as none of womankind did before her. Verily he had
slain her noble father violently when he was angry about oxen; so
he left his own country and came to Thebes and was suppliant to
the shield-carrying men of Cadmus. There he dwelt with his
modest wife without the joys of love, nor might he go in unto the
neat-ankled daughter of Electyron until he had avenged the death
of his wife's great-hearted brothers and utterly burned with
blazing fire the villages of the heroes, the Taphians and
Teleboans; for this thing was laid upon him, and the gods were
witnesses to it. And he feared their anger, and hastened to
perform the great task to which Zeus had bound him. With him
went the horse-driving Boeotians, breathing above their shields,
and the Locrians who fight hand to hand, and the gallant Phocians
eager for war and battle. And the noble son of Alcaeus led them,
rejoicing in his host.

(ll. 27-55) But the father of men and gods was forming another
scheme in his heart, to beget one to defend against destruction
gods and men who eat bread. So he arose from Olympus by night
pondering guile in the deep of his heart, and yearned for the
love of the well-girded woman. Quickly he came to Typhaonium,
and from there again wise Zeus went on and trod the highest peak
of Phicium (1): there he sat and planned marvellous things in his
heart. So in one night Zeus shared the bed and love of the neat-
ankled daughter of Electyron and fulfilled his desire; and in the
same night Amphitryon, gatherer of the people, the glorious hero,
came to his house when he had ended his great task. He hastened
not to go to his bondmen and shepherds afield, but first went in
unto his wife: such desire took hold on the shepherd of the
people. And as a man who has escaped joyfully from misery,
whether of sore disease or cruel bondage, so then did Amphitryon,
when he had wound up all his heavy task, come glad and welcome to
his home. And all night long he lay with his modest wife,
delighting in the gifts of golden Aphrodite. And she, being
subject in love to a god and to a man exceeding goodly, brought
forth twin sons in seven-gated Thebe. Though they were brothers,
these were not of one spirit; for one was weaker but the other a
far better man, one terrible and strong, the mighty Heracles.
Him she bare through the embrace of the son of Cronos lord of
dark clouds and the other, Iphicles, of Amphitryon the spear-
wielder -- offspring distinct, this one of union with a mortal
man, but that other of union with Zeus, leader of all the gods.

(ll. 57-77) And he slew Cycnus, the gallant son of Ares. For he
found him in the close of far-shooting Apollo, him and his father
Ares, never sated with war. Their armour shone like a flame of
blazing fire as they two stood in their car: their swift horses
struck the earth and pawed it with their hoofs, and the dust rose
like smoke about them, pounded by the chariot wheels and the
horses' hoofs, while the well-made chariot and its rails rattled
around them as the horses plunged. And blameless Cycnus was
glad, for he looked to slay the warlike son of Zeus and his
charioteer with the sword, and to strip off their splendid
armour. But Phoebus Apollo would not listen to his vaunts, for
he himself had stirred up mighty Heracles against him. And all
the grove and altar of Pagasaean Apollo flamed because of the
dread god and because of his arms; for his eyes flashed as with
fire. What mortal men would have dared to meet him face to face
save Heracles and glorious Iolaus? For great was their strength
and unconquerable were the arms which grew from their shoulders
on their strong limbs. Then Heracles spake to his charioteer
strong Iolaus:

(ll. 78-94) `O hero Iolaus, best beloved of all men, truly
Amphitryon sinned deeply against the blessed gods who dwell on
Olympus when he came to sweet-crowned Thebe and left Tiryns, the
well-built citadel, because he slew Electryon for the sake of his
wide-browned oxen. Then he came to Creon and long-robed Eniocha,
who received him kindly and gave him all fitting things, as is
due to suppliants, and honoured him in their hearts even more.
And he lived joyfully with his wife the neat-ankled daughter of
Electyron: and presently, while the years rolled on, we were
born, unlike in body as in mind, even your father and I. From
him Zeus took away sense, so that he left his home and his
parents and went to do honour to the wicked Eurystheus -- unhappy
man! Deeply indeed did he grieve afterwards in bearing the
burden of his own mad folly; but that cannot be taken back. But
on me fate laid heavy tasks.

(ll. 95-101) `Yet, come, friend, quickly take the red-dyed reins
of the swift horses and raise high courage in your heart and
guide the swift chariot and strong fleet-footed horses straight
on. Have no secret fear at the noise of man-slaying Ares who now
rages shouting about the holy grove of Phoebus Apollo, the lord
who shoots form afar. Surely, strong though he be, he shall have
enough of war.'

(ll. 102-114) And blameless Iolaus answered him again: `Good
friend, truly the father of men and gods greatly honours your
head and the bull-like Earth-Shaker also, who keeps Thebe's veil
of walls and guards the city, -- so great and strong is this
fellow they bring into your hands that you may win great glory.
But come, put on your arms of war that with all speed we may
bring the car of Ares and our own together and fight; for he
shall not frighten the dauntless son of Zeus, nor yet the son of
Iphiclus: rather, I think he will flee before the two sons of
blameless Alcides who are near him and eager to raise the war cry
for battle; for this they love better than a feast.'

(ll. 115-117) So he said. And mighty Heracles was glad in heart
and smiled, for the other's words pleased him well, and he
answered him with winged words:

(ll. 118-121) `O hero Iolaus, heaven-sprung, now is rough battle
hard at hand. But, as you have shown your skill at other-times,
so now also wheel the great black-maned horse Arion about every
way, and help me as you may be able.'

(ll. 122-138) So he said, and put upon his legs greaves of
shining bronze, the splendid gift of Hephaestus. Next he
fastened about his breast a fine golden breast-plate, curiously
wrought, which Pallas Athene the daughter of Zeus had given him
when first he was about to set out upon his grievous labours.
Over his shoulders the fierce warrior put the steel that saves
men from doom, and across his breast he slung behind him a hollow
quiver. Within it were many chilling arrows, dealers of death
which makes speech forgotten: in front they had death, and
trickled with tears; their shafts were smooth and very long; and
their butts were covered with feathers of a brown eagle. And he
took his strong spear, pointed with shining bronze, and on his
valiant head set a well-made helm of adamant, cunningly wrought,
which fitted closely on the temples; and that guarded the head of
god-like Heracles.

(ll. 139-153) In his hands he took his shield, all glittering: no
one ever broke it with a blow or crushed it. And a wonder it was
to see; for its whole orb was a-shimmer with enamel and white
ivory and electrum, and it glowed with shining gold; and there
were zones of cyanus (2) drawn upon it. In the centre was Fear
worked in adamant, unspeakable, staring backwards with eyes that
glowed with fire. His mouth was full of teeth in a white row,
fearful and daunting, and upon his grim brow hovered frightful
Strife who arrays the throng of men: pitiless she, for she took
away the mind and senses of poor wretches who made war against
the son of Zeus. Their souls passed beneath the earth and went
down into the house of Hades; but their bones, when the skin is
rotted about them, crumble away on the dark earth under parching
Sirius.

(ll. 154-160) Upon the shield Pursuit and Flight were wrought,
and Tumult, and Panic, and Slaughter. Strife also, and Uproar
were hurrying about, and deadly Fate was there holding one man
newly wounded, and another unwounded; and one, who was dead, she
was dragging by the feet through the tumult. She had on her
shoulders a garment red with the blood of men, and terribly she
glared and gnashed her teeth.

(ll. 160-167) And there were heads of snakes unspeakably
frightful, twelve of them; and they used to frighten the tribes
of men on earth whosoever made war against the son of Zeus; for
they would clash their teeth when Amphitryon's son was fighting:
and brightly shone these wonderful works. And it was as though
there were spots upon the frightful snakes: and their backs were
dark blue and their jaws were black.

(ll. 168-177) Also there were upon the shield droves of boars and
lions who glared at each other, being furious and eager: the rows
of them moved on together, and neither side trembled but both
bristled up their manes. For already a great lion lay between
them and two boars, one on either side, bereft of life, and their
dark blood was dripping down upon the ground; they lay dead with
necks outstretched beneath the grim lions. And both sides were
roused still more to fight because they were angry, the fierce
boars and the bright-eyed lions.

(ll. 178-190) And there was the strife of the Lapith spearmen
gathered round the prince Caeneus and Dryas and Peirithous, with
Hopleus, Exadius, Phalereus, and Prolochus, Mopsus the son of
Ampyce of Titaresia, a scion of Ares, and Theseus, the son of
Aegeus, like unto the deathless gods. These were of silver, and
had armour of gold upon their bodies. And the Centaurs were
gathered against them on the other side with Petraeus and Asbolus
the diviner, Arctus, and Ureus, and black-haired Mimas, and the
two sons of silver, and they had pinetrees of gold in their
hands, and they were rushing together as though they were alive
and striking at one another hand to hand with spears and with
pines.

(ll. 191-196) And on the shield stood the fleet-footed horses of
grim Ares made gold, and deadly Ares the spoil-winner himself.
He held a spear in his hands and was urging on the footmen: he
was red with blood as if he were slaying living men, and he stood
in his chariot. Beside him stood Fear and Flight, eager to
plunge amidst the fighting men.

(ll. 197-200) There, too, was the daughter of Zeus, Tritogeneia
who drives the spoil (3). She was like as if she would array a
battle, with a spear in her hand, and a golden helmet, and the
aegis about her shoulders. And she was going towards the awful
strife.

(ll. 201-206) And there was the holy company of the deathless
gods: and in the midst the son of Zeus and Leto played sweetly on
a golden lyre. There also was the abode of the gods, pure
Olympus, and their assembly, and infinite riches were spread
around in the gathering, the Muses of Pieria were beginning a
song like clear-voiced singers.

(ll. 207-215) And on the shield was a harbour with a safe haven
from the irresistible sea, made of refined tin wrought in a
circle, and it seemed to heave with waves. In the middle of it
were many dolphins rushing this way and that, fishing: and they
seemed to be swimming. Two dolphins of silver were spouting and
devouring the mute fishes. And beneath them fishes or bronze
were trembling. And on the shore sat a fisherman watching: in
his hands he held a casting net for fish, and seemed as if about
to cast it forth.

(ll. 216-237) There, too, was the son of rich-haired Danae, the
horseman Perseus: his feet did not touch the shield and yet were
not far from it -- very marvellous to remark, since he was not
supported anywhere; for so did the famous Lame One fashion him of
gold with his hands. On his feet he had winged sandals, and his
black-sheathed sword was slung across his shoulders by a cross-
belt of bronze. He was flying swift as thought. The head of a
dreadful monster, the Gorgon, covered the broad of his back, and
a bag of silver -- a marvel to see -- contained it: and from the
bag bright tassels of gold hung down. Upon the head of the hero
lay the dread cap (4) of Hades which had the awful gloom of
night. Perseus himself, the son of Danae, was at full stretch,
like one who hurries and shudders with horror. And after him
rushed the Gorgons, unapproachable and unspeakable, longing to
seize him: as they trod upon the pale adamant, the shield rang
sharp and clear with a loud clanging. Two serpents hung down at
their girdles with heads curved forward: their tongues were
flickering, and their teeth gnashing with fury, and their eyes
glaring fiercely. And upon the awful heads of the Gorgons great
Fear was quaking.

(ll. 237-270) And beyond these there were men fighting in warlike
harness, some defending their own town and parents from
destruction, and others eager to sack it; many lay dead, but the
greater number still strove and fought. The women on well-built
towers of bronze were crying shrilly and tearing their cheeks
like living beings -- the work of famous Hephaestus. And the men
who were elders and on whom age had laid hold were all together
outside the gates, and were holding up their hands to the blessed
gods, fearing for their own sons. But these again were engaged
ib battle: and behind them the dusky Fates, gnashing their white
fangs, lowering, grim, bloody, and unapproachable, struggled for
those who were falling, for they all were longing to drink dark
blood. So soon as they caught a man overthrown or falling newly
wounded, one of them would clasp her great claws about him, and
his soul would go down to Hades to chilly Tartarus. And when
they had satisfied their souls with human blood, they would cast
that one behind them, and rush back again into the tumult and the
fray. Clotho and Lachesis were over them and Atropos less tall
than they, a goddess of no great frame, yet superior to the
others and the eldest of them. And they all made a fierce fight
over one poor wretch, glaring evilly at one another with furious
eyes and fighting equally with claws and hands. By them stood
Darkness of Death, mournful and fearful, pale, shrivelled, shrunk
with hunger, swollen-kneed. Long nails tipped her hands, and she
dribbled at the nose, and from her cheeks blood dripped down to
the ground. She stood leering hideously, and much dust sodden
with tears lay upon her shoulders.

(ll. 270-285) Next, there was a city of men with goodly towers;
and seven gates of gold, fitted to the lintels, guarded it. The
men were making merry with festivities and dances; some were
bringing home a bride to her husband on a well-wheeled car, while
the bridal-song swelled high, and the glow of blazing torches
held by handmaidens rolled in waves afar. And these maidens went
before, delighting in the festival; and after them came
frolicsome choirs, the youths singing soft-mouthed to the sound
of shrill pipes, while the echo was shivered around them, and the
girls led on the lovely dance to the sound of lyres. Then again
on the other side was a rout of young men revelling, with flutes
playing; some frolicking with dance and song, and others were
going forward in time with a flute player and laughing. The
whole town was filled with mirth and dance and festivity.

(ll. 285-304) Others again were mounted on horseback and
galloping before the town. And there were ploughmen breaking up
the good soul, clothed in tunics girt up. Also there was a wide
cornland and some men were reaping with sharp hooks the stalks
which bended with the weight of the cars -- as if they were
reaping Demeter's grain: others were binding the sheaves with
bands and were spreading the threshing floor. And some held
reaping hooks and were gathering the vintage, while others were
taking from the reapers into baskets white and black clusters
from the long rows of vines which were heavy with leaves and
tendrils of silver. Others again were gathering them into
baskets. Beside them was a row of vines in gold, the splendid
work of cunning Hephaestus: it had shivering leaves and stakes of
silver and was laden with grapes which turned black (5). And
there were men treading out the grapes and others drawing off
liquor. Also there were men boxing and wrestling, and huntsmen
chasing swift hares with a leash of sharp-toothed dogs before
them, they eager to catch the hares, and the hares eager to
escape.

(ll 305-313) Next to them were horsemen hard set, and they
contended and laboured for a prize. The charioteers standing on
their well-woven cars, urged on their swift horses with loose
rein; the jointed cars flew along clattering and the naves of the
wheels shrieked loudly. So they were engaged in an unending
toil, and the end with victory came never to them, and the
contest was ever unwon. And there was set out for them within
the course a great tripod of gold, the splendid work of cunning
Hephaestus.

(ll. 314-317) And round the rim Ocean was flowing, with a full
stream as it seemed, and enclosed all the cunning work of the
shield. Over it swans were soaring and calling loudly, and many
others were swimming upon the surface of the water; and near them
were shoals of fish.

(ll. 318-326) A wonderful thing the great strong shield was to
see -- even for Zeus the loud-thunderer, by whose will Hephaestus
made it and fitted it with his hands. This shield the valiant
son of Zeus wielded masterly, and leaped upon his horse-chariot
like the lightning of his father Zeus who holds the aegis, moving
lithely. And his charioteer, strong Iolaus, standing upon the
car, guided the curved chariot.

(ll. 327-337) Then the goddess grey-eyed Athene came near them
and spoke winged words, encouraging them: `Hail, offspring of
far-famed Lynceus! Even now Zeus who reigns over the blessed
gods gives you power to slay Cycnus and to strip off his splendid
armour. Yet I will tell you something besides, mightiest of the
people. When you have robbed Cycnus of sweet life, then leave
him there and his armour also, and you yourself watch man-slaying
Ares narrowly as he attacks, and wherever you shall see him
uncovered below his cunningly-wrought shield, there wound him
with your sharp spear. Then draw back; for it is not ordained
that you should take his horses or his splendid armour.'

(ll. 338-349) So said the bright-eyed goddess and swiftly got up
into the car with victory and renown in her hands. Then heaven-
nurtured Iolaus called terribly to the horses, and at his cry
they swiftly whirled the fleet chariot along, raising dust from
the plain; for the goddess bright-eyed Athene put mettle into
them by shaking her aegis. And the earth groaned all round them.

And they, horse-taming Cycnus and Ares, insatiable in war, came
on together like fire or whirlwind. Then their horses neighed
shrilly, face to face; and the echo was shivered all round them.
And mighty Heracles spoke first and said to that other:

(ll. 350-367) `Cycnus, good sir! Why, pray, do you set your
swift horses at us, men who are tried in labour and pain? Nay,
guide your fleet car aside and yield and go out of the path. It
is to Trachis I am driving on, to Ceyx the king, who is the first
in Trachis for power and for honour, and that you yourself know
well, for you have his daughter dark-eyed Themistinoe to wife.
Fool! For Ares shall not deliver you from the end of death, if
we two meet together in battle. Another time ere this I declare
he has made trial of my spear, when he defended sandy Pylos and
stood against me, fiercely longing for fight. Thrice was he
stricken by my spear and dashed to earth, and his shield was
pierced; but the fourth time I struck his thigh, laying on with
all my strength, and tare deep into his flesh. And he fell
headlong in the dust upon the ground through the force of my
spear-thrust; then truly he would have been disgraced among the
deathless gods, if by my hands he had left behind his bloody
spoils.'

(ll. 368-385) So said he. But Cycnus the stout spearman cared
not to obey him and to pull up the horses that drew his chariot.
Then it was that from their well-woven cars they both leaped
straight to the ground, the son of Zeus and the son of the Lord
of War. The charioteers drove near by their horses with
beautiful manes, and the wide earth rang with the beat of their
hoofs as they rushed along. As when rocks leap forth from the
high peak of a great mountain, and fall on one another, and many
towering oaks and pines and long-rooted poplars are broken by
them as they whirl swiftly down until they reach the plain; so
did they fall on one another with a great shout: and all the town
of the Myrmidons, and famous Iolcus, and Arne, and Helice, and
grassy Anthea echoed loudly at the voice of the two. With an
awful cry they closed: and wise Zeus thundered loudly and rained
down drops of blood, giving the signal for battle to his
dauntless son.

(ll. 386-401) As a tusked boar, that is fearful for a man to see
before him in the glens of a mountain, resolves to fight with the
huntsmen and white tusks, turning sideways, while foam flows all
round his mouth as he gnashes, and his eyes are like glowing
fire, and he bristles the hair on his mane and around his neck --
like him the son of Zeus leaped from his horse-chariot. And when
the dark-winged whirring grasshopper, perched on a green shoot,
begins to sing of summer to men -- his food and drink is the
dainty dew -- and all day long from dawn pours forth his voice in
the deadliest heat, when Sirius scorches the flesh (then the
beard grows upon the millet which men sow in summer), when the
crude grapes which Dionysus gave to men -- a joy and a sorrow
both -- begin to colour, in that season they fought and loud rose
the clamour.

(ll. 402-412) As two lions (6) on either side of a slain deer
spring at one another in fury, and there is a fearful snarling
and a clashing also of teeth -- like vultures with crooked talons
and hooked beak that fight and scream aloud on a high rock over a
mountain goat or fat wild-deer which some active man has shot
with an arrow from the string, and himself has wandered away
elsewhere, not knowing the place; but they quickly mark it and
vehemently do keen battle about it -- like these they two rushed
upon one another with a shout.

(ll. 413-423) Then Cycnus, eager to kill the son of almighty
Zeus, struck upon his shield with a brazen spear, but did not
break the bronze; and the gift of the god saved his foe. But the
son of Amphitryon, mighty Heracles, with his long spear struck
Cycnus violently in the neck beneath the chin, where it was
unguarded between helm and shield. And the deadly spear cut
through the two sinews; for the hero's full strength lighted on
his foe. And Cycnus fell as an oak falls or a lofty pine that is
stricken by the lurid thunderbolt of Zeus; even so he fell, and
his armour adorned with bronze clashed about him.

(ll. 424-442) Then the stout hearted son of Zeus let him be, and
himself watched for the onset of manslaying Ares: fiercely he
stared, like a lion who has come upon a body and full eagerly
rips the hide with his strong claws and takes away the sweet life
with all speed: his dark heart is filled with rage and his eyes
glare fiercely, while he tears up the earth with his paws and
lashes his flanks and shoulders with his tail so that no one
dares to face him and go near to give battle. Even so, the son
of Amphitryon, unsated of battle, stood eagerly face to face with
Ares, nursing courage in his heart. And Ares drew near him with
grief in his heart; and they both sprang at one another with a
cry. As it is when a rock shoots out from a great cliff and
whirls down with long bounds, careering eagerly with a roar, and
a high crag clashes with it and keeps it there where they strike
together; with no less clamour did deadly Ares, the chariot-
borne, rush shouting at Heracles. And he quickly received the
attack.

(ll. 443-449) But Athene the daughter of aegis-bearing Zeus came
to meet Ares, wearing the dark aegis, and she looked at him with
an angry frown and spoke winged words to him. `Ares, check your
fierce anger and matchless hands; for it is not ordained that you
should kill Heracles, the bold-hearted son of Zeus, and strip off
his rich armour. Come, then, cease fighting and do not withstand
me.'

(ll. 450-466) So said she, but did not move the courageous spirit
of Ares. But he uttered a great shout and waving his spears like
fire, he rushed headlong at strong Heracles, longing to kill him,
and hurled a brazen spear upon the great shield, for he was
furiously angry because of his dead son; but bright-eyed Athene
reached out from the car and turned aside the force of the spear.

Then bitter grief seized Ares and he drew his keen sword and
leaped upon bold-hearted Heracles. But as he came on, the son of
Amphitryon, unsated of fierce battle, shrewdly wounded his thigh
where it was exposed under his richly-wrought shield, and tare
deep into his flesh with the spear-thrust and cast him flat upon
the ground. And Panic and Dread quickly drove his smooth-wheeled
chariot and horses near him and lifted him from the wide-pathed
earth into his richly-wrought car, and then straight lashed the
horses and came to high Olympus.

(ll. 467-471) But the son of Alemena and glorious Iolaus stripped
the fine armour off Cycnus' shoulders and went, and their swift
horses carried them straight to the city of Trachis. And bright-
eyed Athene went thence to great Olympus and her father's house.

(ll. 472-480) As for Cycnus, Ceyx buried him and the countless
people who lived near the city of the glorious king, in Anthe and
the city of the Myrmidons, and famous Iolcus, and Arne, and
Helice: and much people were gathered doing honour to Ceyx, the
friend of the blessed gods. But Anaurus, swelled by a rain-
storm, blotted out the grave and memorial of Cycnus; for so
Apollo, Leto's son, commanded him, because he used to watch for
and violently despoil the rich hecatombs that any might bring to
Pytho.


ENDNOTES:

(1) A mountain peak near Thebes which took its name from the
Sphinx (called in "Theogony" l. 326 PHIX).
(2) Cyanus was a glass-paste of deep blue colour: the `zones'
were concentric bands in which were the scenes described by
the poet. The figure of Fear (l. 44) occupied the centre of
the shield, and Oceanus (l. 314) enclosed the whole.
(3) `She who drives herds,' i.e. `The Victorious', since herds
were the chief spoil gained by the victor in ancient
warfare.
(4) The cap of darkness which made its wearer invisible.
(5) The existing text of the vineyard scene is a compound of two
different versions, clumsily adapted, and eked out with some
makeshift additions.
(6) The conception is similar to that of the sculptured group at
Athens of Two Lions devouring a Bull (Dickens, "Cat. of the
Acropolis Museaum", No. 3).



THE MARRIAGE OF CEYX (fragments)

Fragment #1 --
Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. i. 128:
Hesiod in the "Marriage of Ceyx" says that he (Heracles) landed
(from the Argo) to look for water and was left behind in Magnesia
near the place called Aphetae because of his desertion there.


Fragment #2 --
Zenobius (1), ii. 19:
Hesiod used the proverb in the following way: Heracles is
represented as having constantly visited the house of Ceyx of
Trachis and spoken thus: `Of their own selves the good make for
the feasts of good.'


Fragment #3 --
Scholiast on Homer, Il. xiv. 119:
`And horse-driving Ceyx beholding...'


Fragment #4 --
Athenaeus, ii. p. 49b:
Hesiod in the "Marriage of Ceyx" -- for though grammar-school
boys alienate it from the poet, yet I consider the poem ancient
-- calls the tables tripods.


Fragment #5 --
Gregory of Corinth, On Forms of Speech (Rhett. Gr. vii. 776):
`But when they had done with desire for the equal-shared feast,
even then they brought from the forest the mother of a mother
(sc. wood), dry and parched, to be slain by her own children'
(sc. to be burnt in the flames).


ENDNOTES:

(1) A Greek sophist who taught rhetoric at Rome in the time of
Hadrian. He is the author of a collection of proverbs in
three books.



THE GREAT EOIAE (fragments)

Fragment #1 --
Pausanius, ii. 26. 3:
Epidaurus. According to the opinion of the Argives and the epic
poem, the "Great Eoiae", Argos the son of Zeus was father of
Epidaurus.


Fragment #2 --
Anonymous Comment. on Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, iii. 7:
And, they say, Hesiod is sufficient to prove that the word
PONEROS (bad) has the same sense as `laborious' or `ill-fated';
for in the "Great Eoiae" he represents Alcmene as saying to
Heracles: `My son, truly Zeus your father begot you to be the
most toilful as the most excellent...'; and again: `The Fates
(made) you the most toilful and the most excellent...'


Fragment #3 --
Scholiast on Pindar, Isthm. v. 53:
The story has been taken from the "Great Eoiae"; for there we
find Heracles entertained by Telamon, standing dressed in his
lion-skin and praying, and there also we find the eagle sent by
Zeus, from which Aias took his name (1).


Fragment #4 --
Pausanias, iv. 2. 1:
But I know that the so-called "Great Eoiae" say that Polycaon the
son of Butes married Euaechme, daughter of Hyllus, Heracles' son.


Fragment #5 --
Pausanias, ix. 40. 6:
`And Phylas wedded Leipephile the daughter of famous Iolaus: and
she was like the Olympians in beauty. She bare him a son
Hippotades in the palace, and comely Thero who was like the beams
of the moon. And Thero lay in the embrace of Apollo and bare
horse-taming Chaeron of hardy strength.'


Fragment #6 --
Scholiast on Pindar, Pyth. iv. 35:
`Or like her in Hyria, careful-minded Mecionice, who was joined
in the love of golden Aphrodite with the Earth-holder and Earth-
Shaker, and bare Euphemus.'


Fragment #7 --
Pausanias, ix. 36. 7:
`And Hyettus killed Molurus the dear son of Aristas in his house
because he lay with his wife. Then he left his home and fled
from horse-rearing Argos and came to Minyan Orchomenus. And the
hero received him and gave him a portion of his goods, as was
fitting.'


Fragment #8 --
Pausanias, ii. 2. 3:
But in the "Great Eoiae" Peirene is represented to be the
daughter of Oebalius.


Fragment #9 --
Pausanias, ii. 16. 4:
The epic poem, which the Greek call the "Great Eoiae", says that
she (Mycene) was the daughter of Inachus and wife of Arestor:
from her, then, it is said, the city received its name.


Fragment #10 --
Pausanias, vi. 21. 10:
According to the poem the "Great Eoiae", these were killed by
Oenomaus (2): Alcathous the son of Porthaon next after Marmax,
and after Alcathous, Euryalus, Eurymachus and Crotalus. The man
killed next after them, Aerias, we should judge to have been a
Lacedemonian and founder of Aeria. And after Acrias, they say,
Capetus was done to death by Oenomaus, and Lycurgus, Lasius,
Chalcodon and Tricolonus.... And after Tricolonus fate overtook
Aristomachus and Prias on the course, as also Pelagon and Aeolius
and Cronius.


Fragment #11 --
Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. iv. 57:
In the "Great Eoiae" it is said that Endymion was transported by
Zeus into heaven, but when he fell in love with Hera, was
befooled with a shape of cloud, and was cast out and went down
into Hades.


Fragment #12 --
Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. i. 118:
In the "Great Eoiae" it is related that Melampus, who was very
dear to Apollo, went abroad and stayed with Polyphantes. But
when the king had sacrificed an ox, a serpent crept up to the
sacrifice and destroyed his servants. At this the king was angry
and killed the serpent, but Melampus took and buried it. And its
offspring, brought up by him, used to lick his ears and inspire
him with prophecy. And so, when he was caught while trying to
steal the cows of Iphiclus and taken bound to the city of Aegina,
and when the house, in which Iphiclus was, was about to fall, he
told an old woman, one of the servants of Iphiclus, and in return
was released.


Fragment #13 --
Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. iv. 828:
In the "Great Eoiae" Scylla is the daughter of Phoebus and
Hecate.


Fragment #14 --
Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. ii. 181:
Hesiod in the "Great Eoiae" says that Phineus was blinded because
he told Phrixus the way (3).


Fragment #15 --
Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. ii. 1122:
Argus. This is one of the children of Phrixus. These....
....Hesiod in the "Great Eoiae" says were born of Iophossa the
daughter of Aeetes. And he says there were four of them, Argus,
Phrontis, Melas, and Cytisorus.


Fragment #16 --
Antoninus Liberalis, xxiii:
Battus. Hesiod tells the story in the "Great Eoiae"....
....Magnes was the son of Argus, the son of Phrixus and Perimele,
Admetus' daughter, and lived in the region of Thessaly, in the
land which men called after him Magnesia. He had a son of
remarkable beauty, Hymenaeus. And when Apollo saw the boy, he
was seized with love for him, and would not leave the house of
Magnes. Then Hermes made designs on Apollo's herd of cattle
which were grazing in the same place as the cattle of Admetus.
First he cast upon the dogs which were guarding them a stupor and
strangles, so that the dogs forgot the cows and lost the power of
barking. Then he drove away twelve heifers and a hundred cows
never yoked, and the bull who mounted the cows, fastening to the
tail of each one brushwood to wipe out the footmarks of the cows.

He drove them through the country of the Pelasgi, and Achaea in
the land of Phthia, and through Locris, and Boeotia and Megaris,
and thence into Peloponnesus by way of Corinth and Larissa, until
he brought them to Tegea. From there he went on by the Lycaean
mountains, and past Maenalus and what are called the watch-posts
of Battus. Now this Battus used to live on the top of the rock
and when he heard the voice of the heifers as they were being
driven past, he came out from his own place, and knew that the
cattle were stolen. So he asked for a reward to tell no one
about them. Hermes promised to give it him on these terms, and
Battus swore to say nothing to anyone about the cattle. But when
Hermes had hidden them in the cliff by Coryphasium, and had
driven them into a cave facing towards Italy and Sicily, he
changed himself and came again to Battus and tried whether he
would be true to him as he had vowed. So, offering him a robe as
a reward, he asked of him whether he had noticed stolen cattle
being driven past. And Battus took the robe and told him about
the cattle. But Hermes was angry because he was double-tongued,
and struck him with his staff and changed him into a rock. And
either frost or heat never leaves him (4).


ENDNOTES:

(1) When Heracles prayed that a son might be born to Telamon and
Eriboea, Zeus sent forth an eagle in token that the prayer
would be granted. Heracles then bade the parents call their
son Aias after the eagle (`aietos').
(2) Oenomaus, king of Pisa in Elis, warned by an oracle that he
should be killed by his son-in-law, offered his daughter
Hippodamia to the man who could defeat him in a chariot
race, on condition that the defeated suitors should be slain
by him. Ultimately Pelops, through the treachery of the
charioteer of Oenomaus, became victorious.
(3) sc. to Scythia.
(4) In the Homeric "Hymn to Hermes" Battus almost disappears
from the story, and a somewhat different account of the
stealing of the cattle is given.



THE MELAMPODIA (fragments)

Fragment #1 --
Strabo, xiv. p. 642:
It is said that Calchis the seer returned from Troy with
Amphilochus the son of Amphiaraus and came on foot to this place
(1). But happening to find near Clarus a seer greater than
himself, Mopsus, the son of Manto, Teiresias' daughter, he died
of vexation. Hesiod, indeed, works up the story in some form as
this: Calchas set Mopsus the following problem:

`I am filled with wonder at the quantity of figs this wild fig-
tree bears though it is so small. Can you tell their number?'

And Mopsus answered: `Ten thousand is their number, and their
measure is a bushel: one fig is left over, which you would not be
able to put into the measure.'

So said he; and they found the reckoning of the measure true.
Then did the end of death shroud Calchas.


Fragment #2 --
Tzetzes on Lycophron, 682:
But now he is speaking of Teiresias, since it is said that he
lived seven generations -- though others say nine. He lived from
the times of Cadmus down to those of Eteocles and Polyneices, as
the author of "Melampodia" also says: for he introduces Teiresias
speaking thus:

`Father Zeus, would that you had given me a shorter span of life
to be mine and wisdom of heart like that of mortal men! But now
you have honoured me not even a little, though you ordained me to
have a long span of life, and to live through seven generations
of mortal kind.'


Fragment #3 --
Scholiast on Homer, Odyssey, x. 494:
They say that Teiresias saw two snakes mating on Cithaeron and
that, when he killed the female, he was changed into a woman, and
again, when he killed the male, took again his own nature. This
same Teiresias was chosen by Zeus and Hera to decide the question
whether the male or the female has most pleasure in intercourse.
And he said:

`Of ten parts a man enjoys only one; but a woman's sense enjoys
all ten in full.'

For this Hera was angry and blinded him, but Zeus gave him the
seer's power.


Fragment #4 -- (2)
Athenaeus, ii. p. 40:
`For pleasant it is at a feast and rich banquet to tell
delightful tales, when men have had enough of feasting;...'

Clement of Alexandria, Stromateis vi. 2 26:
`...and pleasant also it is to know a clear token of ill or good
amid all the signs that the deathless ones have given to mortal
men.'


Fragment #5 --
Athenaeus, xi. 498. A:
`And Mares, swift messenger, came to him through the house and
brought a silver goblet which he had filled, and gave it to the
lord.'


Fragment #6 --
Athenaeus, xi. 498. B:
`And then Mantes took in his hands the ox's halter and Iphiclus
lashed him upon the back. And behind him, with a cup in one hand
and a raised sceptre in the other, walked Phylacus and spake
amongst the bondmen.'


Fragment #7 --
Athenaeus, xiii. p. 609 e:
Hesiod in the third book of the "Melampodia" called Chalcis in
Euboea `the land of fair women'.


Fragment #8 --
Strabo, xiv. p. 676:
But Hesiod says that Amphilochus was killed by Apollo at Soli.


Fragment #9 --
Clement of Alexandria, Stromateis, v. p. 259:
`And now there is no seer among mortal men such as would know the
mind of Zeus who holds the aegis.'


ENDNOTES:

(1) sc. Colophon. Proclus in his abstract of the "Returns" (sc.
of the heroes from Troy) says Calchas and his party were
present at the death of Teiresias at Colophon, perhaps
indicating another version of this story.
(2) ll. 1-2 are quoted by Athenaeus, ii. p. 40; ll. 3-4 by
Clement of Alexandria, Stromateis vi. 2. 26. Buttman saw
that the two fragments should be joined. (NOTE: These two
fragments should be read together. -- DBK)



AEGIMIUS (fragments)

Fragment #1 --
Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. iii. 587:
But the author of the "Aegimius" says that he (Phrixus) was
received without intermediary because of the fleece (1). He says
that after the sacrifice he purified the fleece and so: `Holding
the fleece he walked into the halls of Aeetes.'


Fragment #2 --
Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. iv. 816:
The author of the "Aegimius" says in the second book that Thetis
used to throw the children she had by Peleus into a cauldron of
water, because she wished to learn where they were mortal....
....And that after many had perished Peleus was annoyed, and
prevented her from throwing Achilles into the cauldron.


Fragment #3 --
Apollodorus, ii. 1.3.1:
Hesiod and Acusilaus say that she (Io) was the daughter of
Peiren. While she was holding the office of priestess of Hera,
Zeus seduced her, and being discovered by Hera, touched the girl
and changed her into a white cow, while he swore that he had no
intercourse with her. And so Hesiod says that oaths touching the
matter of love do not draw down anger from the gods: `And
thereafter he ordained that an oath concerning the secret deeds
of the Cyprian should be without penalty for men.'


Fragment #4 --
Herodian in Stephanus of Byzantium:
`(Zeus changed Io) in the fair island Abantis, which the gods,
who are eternally, used to call Abantis aforetime, but Zeus then
called it Euboea after the cow.' (2)


Fragment #5 --
Scholiast on Euripides, Phoen. 1116:
`And (Hera) set a watcher upon her (Io), great and strong Argus,
who with four eyes looks every way. And the goddess stirred in
him unwearying strength: sleep never fell upon his eyes; but he
kept sure watch always.'


Fragment #6 --
Scholiast on Homer, Il. xxiv. 24:
`Slayer of Argus'. According to Hesiod's tale he (Hermes) slew
(Argus) the herdsman of Io.


Fragment #7 --
Athenaeus, xi. p. 503:
And the author of the "Aegimius", whether he is Hesiod or Cercops
of Miletus (says): `There, some day, shall be my place of
refreshment, O leader of the people.'


Fragment #8 --
Etym. Gen.:
Hesiod (says there were so called) because they settled in three
groups: `And they all were called the Three-fold people, because
they divided in three the land far from their country.' For (he
says) that three Hellenic tribes settled in Crete, the Pelasgi,
Achaeans and Dorians. And these have been called Three-fold
People.


ENDNOTES:

(1) sc. the golden fleece of the ram which carried Phrixus and
Helle away from Athamas and Ino. When he reached Colchis
Phrixus sacrificed the ram to Zeus.
(2) Euboea properly means the `Island of fine Cattle (or Cows)'.



FRAGMENTS OF UNKNOWN POSITION

Fragment #1 --
Diogenes Laertius, viii. 1. 26: (1)
`So Urania bare Linus, a very lovely son: and him all men who are
singers and harpers do bewail at feasts and dances, and as they
begin and as they end they call on Linus....'

Clement of Alexandria, Strom. i. p. 121:
`....who was skilled in all manner of wisdom.'



 


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