Military Reminiscences of the Civil War V2
by
Jacob Dolson Cox
Part 10 out of 12
features easily, and in this case a cleared field or two where the
forest had formerly extended seemed to be the only change that had
occurred in the past century. With General Greene's official report
of the battle in our hands, we could trace with complete accuracy
every movement of the advancing enemy and his own dispositions to
receive the attack. We could see the reasons for the movements on
both sides, and how the undulations of surface and the cover of
woods and fences were taken advantage of by either commander.
Military principles being the same in all times, we found ourselves
criticising the movements as if they had occurred on one of our own
recent battlefields. It brought the older and the later war into
almost startling nearness, and made us realize, as perhaps nothing
else could have done, how the future visitor will trace the
movements in which we have had a part; and when we have been dust
for centuries, will follow the path of our battalions from hill to
hill, from stream to stream, from the border of a wood to the open
ground where the bloody conflict was hand to hand, and will comment
upon the history we have made. It pointed the lesson that what is
accurate in our reports and narratives will be recognized by the
intelligent critic, and that the face of the country itself will be
an unalterable record which will go far to expose the true reasons
of things,--to show what statements are consistent with the physical
conditions under which a battle was fought, and what, if any, are
warped to hide a repulse or to claim a false success. Nature herself
will thus prove the strongest ally of truth.
NOTE.--General Cox was the spontaneous choice of the "Union Party"
of Ohio for Governor, and was nominated at its Convention held in
Columbus, June 21,1865, while he was still engaged in his military
duties in North Carolina. At a ratification meeting, held in the
evening after the Convention, Senator Sherman said, speaking of the
ticket: "It is headed by a gentleman who is not only a soldier, but
a statesman and scholar,--a man of the highest and purest
character,--a man who, in all the walks of life, will be a model for
us all. I thank you for that nomination,--although I believe the
people made it before the Convention met." At a reception in honor
of General Sherman given in Columbus, July 13, 1865, the general
himself was called on to speak. After mentioning Grant, whose fame
was secure, and McPherson, his beloved companion in arms, he said:
"And here is General Cox, who is your candidate for Governor,--a man
who did his whole duty from first to last and did it well and will
do it to the end."
General Cox was elected by a handsome majority, served one term,
returned to the practice of the law, and in 1869 was appointed
Secretary of the Interior, by General Grant. Retiring to private
life at the end of twenty months, he occupied many positions of
trust and honor: President of the Toledo and Wabash Railroad, Member
of Congress from the Toledo District, President of the Cincinnati
University, Dean of the Cincinnati Law School, etc. His reading was
extensive; his scholarship profound. In microscopic research he
attained world-wide distinction and he received the Gold Medal of
Honor at the Antwerp Exposition of 1891, for excellence in
micro-photography.
He was thrice honored with the degree of LL.D., the last time by
Yale College, in June, 1877. As an indication of the esteem in which
he was held by those among whom he went as an armed invader, it
should be mentioned that one of the degrees was conferred by the
University of North Carolina, in June, 1870.
He was a member of the American Philosophical Society, the
Massachusetts Historical Society, the Royal Microscopical Society,
the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the
Military Historical Society of Massachusetts, the Cobden Club, and a
number of others.
His contributions to the magazines, historical, literary, and
scientific, were numerous, and his series of critical and
biographical reviews in "The Nation," from the beginning of its
publication to the summer of 1900, constitutes a most valuable and
interesting commentary on public men and affairs and military
operations at home and abroad.
His public addresses, many of which were published in pamphlet form,
were marked for their literary finish, their wealth of learning and
suggestion, their deep philosophical insight, and their lofty
patriotism.
He had little leisure for writing books, but has contributed to the
literature of the war several articles in "Battles and Leaders of
the Civil War"; the volumes on "Atlanta," and "The March to the Sea,
Franklin and Nashville," in the Scribner War Series; "The Second
Battle of Bull Run," in which he took issue with the findings of the
Second Court of Inquiry in the Fitz-John Porter case; "Franklin," a
detailed account of that battle, together with the events leading up
to it and the controversies following it; the last half of Force's
"Sherman" in the Great Commander Series; and the above "Military
Reminiscences." However much men may differ with his conclusions,
none who knew him personally ever questioned his candor and
sincerity, and his disposition to be absolutely fair in his
treatment of others.
W. C. C.
APPENDIX C
TESTIMONIALS OF COMMANDERS
_Rosecrans, in his Report of the Campaign of_ 1861, _Nov._ 25, 1861.
_Official Records, vol. v.p._ 259.
"It is a great pleasure to say to the commanding general that I have
found General Cox prudent, brave, and soldierly, and I specially
commend his prudence and firmness in occupying Cotton Hill, details
of which are given in his report in the appendix."
_Rosecrans, in Correspondence with McClellan_, _Nov._ 19, 1861,
_asking for Changes in Officers, etc._ _Official Records, vol. v.p._
657.
"General Cox is the only reliable man here;" _i. e._, of the
brigadiers with him at Gauley, Schenck having gone home sick.
_McClellan, to Army Headquarters, after South Mountain and
Antietam_, _Oct._ 5, 1862. _Official Records, vol. xix. pt. ii. p._
383.
"MAJOR-GEN. HALLECK, General-in-Chief.
In compliance with your instructions, General Cox has been ordered
to report to you for duty on the Kanawha. General Cox's gallant
services in the battle of South Mountain and at Antietam, during
which, after Reno's fall, he commanded an army corps, contributed
greatly toward our success in those hard-fought engagements. He has
been recommended by General Burnside, his immediate commander, for
promotion. Although I am now to lose the services of this valuable
officer with this army, it is no more than an act of justice to him
that I should concur in the recommendation of General Burnside,
which I do most cordially and earnestly, and request that the
promotion be made at once. (Signed) GEORGE B. McCLELLAN, Maj.-Gen."
_Schofield to Sherman, after the Atlanta Campaign. Official Records,
vol. xxxix. pt. ii. p_. 366.
"HEADQUARTERS, ARMY OF THE OHIO,
DECATUR, GA., Sept. 12th, 1864.
MAJOR-GEN. W. T. SHERMAN, Commanding Military Division of the
Mississippi.
GENERAL,--I have the honor to recommend for promotion the following
named officers of my command for gallant and meritorious services
during the campaign just ended:
Brigadier-General J. D. Cox is now the senior Brigadier-General of
Volunteers in active service. He has held various important commands
during the war and was appointed Major-General in 1862, but his name
was withdrawn from the list sent to the Senate for confirmation,
because of the limitation by law of the number of Major-Generals
authorized to be appointed. General Cox commanded the 23d Army Corps
for some time previous to the assignment of Major-General Stoneman
to that command. During the summer's campaign he has commanded the
third division of that corps under my immediate personal
observation. I have no hesitation in saying that I have never seen a
more able and efficient division commander. General Cox is possessed
of a very high order of talent and superior education. As a
commander he is discreet, energetic, and brave. As a just reward for
long, faithful, and efficient service, and as an act of justice to
the army and the country, I earnestly recommend that
Brigadier-General J. D. Cox be appointed Major-General of
Volunteers.
I earnestly hope all the appointments above recommended may be made.
Should the number of vacancies in the grades of Major-General and
Brigadier-General not justify the appointment of so large a number
from this army, I respectfully request that the officers who may not
be appointed may receive the Brevet of the rank for which they are
recommended. Very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
(Signed) J. M. SCHOFIELD,
Major-General Commanding."
_Sherman to Halleck, after the Atlanta Campaign. Official Records,
vol. xxxix. pt. iii. p._ 413.
"HEADQUARTERS, MIL. DIV. OF THE MISS.
IN THE FIELD, GAYLESVILLE, ALA., Oct. 24,1864.
GENERAL H. W. HALLECK, Chief of Staff, etc.
GENERAL,--I always designed to canvass the claims to promotion of
all aspirants in the army, so as to save the President the invidious
task of judging among so many worthy men, all of whom can only be
known to him by the record. But events and movements have followed
each other so rapidly that my army commanders have not been able to
attend to the matter, but have sent into my office the detached
papers of each. These I herewith inclose, indorsed with my own
individual opinion. I have not General Thomas' list, but will
instruct him to send it direct from Nashville, where he now is. If
necessary [_sic_] to promote to divisions and brigades the officers
now exercising the rank of major-general and brigadier-general, it
be necessary to create vacancies, I do think the exigencies of the
country would warrant the muster out of the same number of generals
now on the list that have not done service in the past year.
The following persons should be promoted to the rank of
major-general: . . .
Army of the Ohio: Brig.-Gen. J. D. Cox to be major-general....
All these are actual division commanders, men of marked courage,
capacity, and merit, who are qualified to separate commands....
I am, with respect, your obedient servant,
(Signed) W. T. SHERMAN,
Major-General."
_Schofield to Thomas, after the Battles of Franklin and Nashville.
Official Records, vol. xlv. pt. ii._ p. 273.
"HEAD QUARTERS, ARMY OF THE OHIO,
FRANKLIN, TENN., Dec. 19, 1864.
MAJ.-GEN. GEORGE H. THOMAS, Commanding Dep't of the Cumberland.
GENERAL,--I have the honor to enclose herewith a letter to Maj.-Gen.
Halleck, Chief of Staff, urging the promotion of Brig.-Gen. Cox, and
to urge that it may be forwarded with your indorsement. Unless
General Cox can obtain the promotion which he has so often earned,
he will soon quit the service, which would be an irreparable loss to
my command.
I am, general, Very Respectfully,
Your obed't serv't,
(Signed) J. M. SCHOFIELD, Maj.-Gen."
_Schofield to Halleck, after the Battles of Franklin and Nashville.
Official Records, vol. xlv. pt. ii. p. 273._
"HEADQUARTERS, ARMY OF THE OHIO,
FRANKLIN, TENN., Dec. 19, 1864.
MAJOR-GENERAL H. W. HALLECK, Chief of Staff, U. S. Army, D. C.
GENERAL,--I desire earnestly to ask your attention, and, through
you, that of the President and Secretary of War, to the claims of
Brigadier-General J. D. Cox to promotion. It is unnecessary to
recite, in detail, the services of so distinguished an officer. He
has merited promotion scores of times by skilful and heroic conduct
in as many battles. He is one of the very best division commanders I
have ever seen, and has often shown himself qualified for a higher
command.
Permit me to say that in overlooking the merits of such an officer
as General Cox, the Government has, unintentionally of course,
committed an act of great injustice, and one which must soon deprive
the country of his services. An officer cannot exercise for three
years a command which he is universally admitted to be eminently
qualified for, and yet be denied the corresponding rank, while his
juniors, notoriously less deserving, are promoted, without feeling
such mortification and chagrin as must drive him from the army.
Excuse, General, the earnestness with which I refer to this matter.
I do not exaggerate the merits of the case; on the contrary, I do
not half state it.
I am, General, very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
J. M. SCHOFIELD,
Major-General."
_Thomas to Halleck, after the Battles of Franklin and Nashville.
Official Records, vol. xlv. pt. ii. p. 274._
[Indorsement] "HEAD Q'RS, DEP'T OF THE CUMBERLAND.
IN THE FIELD, TENNESSEE, Dec. 20, 1864.
Respectfully forwarded, earnestly recommending the promotion of
Brig.-Gen. J. D. Cox to the grade of Major-General. His services on
the Atlanta campaign entitle him to the promotion asked for, and at
the battle of Franklin he was eminently distinguished for personal
courage as well as for the skilful management of his command.
(Signed) GEORGE H. THOMAS,
Maj.-Gen. Com'g."
_Thomas to Halleck, Dec. 23, 1864, again recommending General Cox
for Promotion. Official Records, vol. xlv. pt. ii. pp. 234, 235._
"HEADQUARTERS THIRD DIVISION, 23D ARMY CORPS.
ON GRANNY WHITE PIKE, December 17, 1864.
MAJ. J. A. CAMPBELL, Ass't Adj't-Gen., Army of the Ohio.
MAJOR,--I have the honor to claim for my command the capture of
eight pieces of the enemy's artillery, in the charge made by the
first brigade last evening. The four pieces captured by the Eighth
Tennessee Infantry, as stated by Colonel Doolittle in the
accompanying dispatch, were not put under guard at the moment, and a
guard was subsequently put over them and the pieces claimed by
McArthur's division, Sixteenth Corps.
J. D. Cox,
Brigadier-General Commanding."
[Inclosure] "H'DQ'RS, 1ST BRIGADE, 30 Div., 23d ARMY CORPS. IN THE
FIELD, December 17, 1864.
CAPT. THEODORE Cox, Ass't Adj't-General.
SIR,--I have the honor to report that in the charge on the enemy's
works yesterday, my brigade captured eight pieces of artillery,
light twelves, instead of four as reported verbally. The four pieces
claimed by McArthur's division, Sixteenth Corps, were taken by the
8th Tennessee, who drove the enemy from them. The 12th Kentucky took
the other four pieces. CHAS. C. DOOLITTLE, Col. 18th Michigan
Inft'y, Commanding."
[First Indorsement] "HEAD Q'RS, ARMY OF THE OHIO, FRANKLIN, TENN.,
Dec. 19th, 1864.
Respectfully forwarded to Head Quarters Department of the
Cumberland.
(Signed) J. M. SCHOFIELD, Major-General."
[Second Indorsement] "H'DQ'RS DEP'T OF THE CUMBERLAND, DUCK RIVER,
TENN., Dec. 23, 1864.
Respectfully forwarded to Maj.-Gen. H. W. Halleck, Chief of Staff,
recommending that Brig.-Gen. J. D. Cox be promoted to the grade of
Major-General.
(Signed) GEO. H. THOMAS,
Maj.-Gen. U. S. Vols., Commanding."
RECOMMENDATION FOR CORPS COMMAND
"HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA, WILMINGTON, N. C.,
February 24, 1865.
LIEUT.-GEN. U. S. GRANT, Commanding Armies of the United States.
City Point, Va.
GENERAL,--I respectfully request that the troops in this department
which do not belong to the Twenty-third Army Corps may be organized
into an army corps, and that Maj.-Gen. Alfred H. Terry be assigned
to its command. Also that Maj.-Gen. J. D. Cox may be assigned to the
command of the Twenty-third Army Corps.
I am, General, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. M. SCHOFIELD,
Major-General."
[Footnote: Official Records, vol. xlvii. pt. ii. p. 559.]
[_Letter of same date_.]
"... I have asked for the assignment of General Cox and General
Terry to corps commands, both because the strength of my command
renders it desirable, and because it will enable me to leave either
the one or the other in command of the column which I may not be
with at any time." [Footnote: _Ibid_.]
"HEADQUARTERS, ARMY OF THE OHIO,
GOLDSBOROUGH, N. C., March 22, 1865.
LIEUTENANT-GENERAL GRANT, City Point, Va.
Near a month ago I wrote you a letter requesting that Maj.-Gen. J.
D. Cox be assigned to the command of the Twenty-third Army Corps,
and that the remaining troops in this department be organized into a
corps in command of Maj.-Gen. A. H. Terry. Having received no reply,
I presume that my letter did not reach you; therefore I beg leave to
renew the request. But if it be not deemed advisable to organize a
corps for General Terry, I nevertheless respectfully request that
Major-General Cox may be assigned to the command of the Twenty-third
Corps.
J. M. SCHOFIELD,
Major-General."
[Indorsement] "GOLDSBOROUGH, N. C., March 23, 1865.
I approve this. I know that General Cox is a good officer, and
General Terry has the best possible reputation. General Schofield
will want two corps organizations as soon as possible.
W. T. SHERMAN,
Major-General, Commanding."
[Footnote: Official Records, vol. xlvii. pt. ii. pp. 960, 961.]
"CITY POINT, VA., March 25, 1865.
HON. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War, Washington.
General Schofield recommends and I approve the appointment of
General Cox to the command of the Twenty-third Corps. He also asks
the organization of the balance of the troops in his department into
a corps under General Terry. This will be of great advantage to his
command. I would suggest that Terry's corps be called the Tenth.
U. S. GRANT,
Lieutenant-General."
[Footnote: _Id._, pt. iii. p 18.]
"GENERAL ORDERS No. 49.
WAR DEP'T, ADJ'T-GENERAL'S OFFICE,
WASHINGTON, March 27, 1865.
By direction of the President, the following assignments are hereby
made:
I. Maj.-Gen. A. A. Humphreys, to the command of the Second Army
Corps.
II. Maj.-Gen. J. G. Parke to the command of the Ninth Army Corps.
III. Maj.-Gen. J. D. Cox to the command of the Twenty-third Army
Corps.
IV. All other troops in North Carolina not belonging to corps in
General Sherman's army will constitute the Tenth Army Corps, of
which Maj.-Gen. A. H. Terry is assigned to the command.
By command of the Secretary of War,
E. D. TOWNSEND,
Assistant Adjutant-General."
[Footnote: Official Records, vol. xlvii. pt. iii. p. 34.]
INDEX
NOTE. For economy of space the usual abbreviations for proper and
geographical
names are employed. Other abbreviations are:
A., army;
a. a. g., assistant adjutant-general;
a. d. c., aide-de-camp;
adm., admiral;
adm'n, administration;
A. C., army corps;
art., artillery;
bat., battery;
br., brevet;
brig., brigade, brigadier;
capt., captain;
cav., cavalry;
ch., church;
ch'f, chief;
C. H., courthouse;
co., company;
col., colonel;
com., commodore;
com'd'g, commanding;
com'r, commander;
conf., confederate;
cr., creek;
C. S. A., Confederate States Army;
dep't, department;
dist., district;
div., division;
gen., general;
Gov., Governor;
h'dqu'r's, headquarters;
inf., infantry;
insp., inspector;
l't, lieutenant;
maj., major;
mt., mountain;
pos., position;
reg., regular;
reg't, regiment;
R., river;
R. R., railroad;
Sec'y, secretary;
sta., station;
U. S. A., United States Army;
U. S. V., United States Volunteers.
The rank of officers is given as of the date when the events
described in the text occurred.
ABBOTT, Jos. C., colonel 7th New Hampshire, commanding brigade, at
Federal Point, North Carolina.
Aides-de-camp,
intimate association with commanding officer;
how appointed;
duties of,
Ames, Adelbert, brigadier general United States Volunteers,
commanding division at Federal Point and Ft. Fisher, North
Carolina;
with General Cox's column on Cape Fear River.
Amnesty,
approved by Lincoln;
discussed by Sherman and Johnston;
extended to all in arms at Lee's surrender;
sustained by popular feeling.
Anderson, Adna, operates Nashville & Chattanooga Railroad.
Anderson, Chas., colonel 93rd Ohio;
wounded at Stone's River;
elected Lieutenant Governor of Ohio.
Anderson, Edw. L., captain 52nd Ohio,
wounded at Jonesboro.
Anderson, Fred. Pope, lieutenant 181st Ohio.
Anderson, Geo. B., brigadier general Confederate States Army,
at South Mountain.
Anderson, Geo. T., brigadier general Confederate States Army,
assaults Ft. Sanders.
Anderson, Henry R., captain 6th U. S. Infantry
Anderson, Larz, brother of General Robt.
Anderson, had five sons in Union army.
Anderson, Larz, Jr., aide-de-camp on staff of
General North Carolina McLean.
Anderson, Latham, colonel 8th Cal.
Anderson, Nicholas L., colonel 6th Ohio,
wounded at Stone's River and Chickamauga.
Anderson, Richard H., major general Confederate States Army,
at Maryland Heights;
at Antietam.
Anderson, Robt., lieutenant colonel 9th Pennsylvania, commanding
brig, at Antietam.
Anderson, Thos. McA., captain 14th U. S.
Infantry, later colonel same.
Anderson, Wm. M., brother of General Robt.
Anderson, had two sons in Union army.
Anderson, Wm. P., captain and assistant adjutant-general at
Cincinnati.
Andersonville, confederate treatment of prisoners at.
Ankele, Chas., major 37th Ohio, at Princeton,
West Virginia
Andrews, Lorin, President Kenyon College,
colonel 4th Ohio.
Anthony, Sister, hospital work at Camp
Dennison.
Antietam, battlefield described;
map of;
fords of;
battle on the right;
battle on the left;
conduct of, criticised; losses at.
Appointments, general officers U. S. A.,
laws regulating;
practice concerning.
Army of the Potomac, shares in McClellan's
errors as to enemy's strength and supports his views;
its failures contrasted with success of western armies.
Army Corps,
1st,
at South Mountain and Antietam;
losses at Antietam;
2nd,
at South Mountain and Antietam;
4th,
marches to relief of Knoxville;
at Blain's Cross-roads;
privations in E. Tennessee;
withdrawn to Knoxville;
winter quarters between Kingston and Loudon;
Wood's div in pursuit of Longstreet;
returns to Army of the Cumberland;
concentrates at Cleveland;
connects Army of Cumberland with Army of the Ohio;
at Tunnel Hill;
Newton's division at Rocky Face;
during Hood's Tennessee campaign;
General Couch assigned to;
dissatisfaction in corps;
at battle of Nashville;
in pursuit of Hood.
5th,
at Antietam.
6th,
at Alexandria;
in reserve at Crampton's Gap;
not at Antietam when fight began.
9th,
Kanawha division attached to;
at Fox's Gap, South Mountain;
extreme left at Antietam;
waiting for orders to advance;
difficulties in carrying bridge and fords over the Antietam;
overcomes them all and drives enemy into Sharpsburg;
attacked in left and rear by A. P. Hill's division;
maintains its position;
losses at Antietam;
moved by sea from North Carolina to Ft. Monroe;
sent to Falmouth, Virginia, and Warrenton to join Pope;
Kanawha division detached and sent to West Virginia;
sent to Kentucky much weakened by malarial disease;
recuperates in Kentucky;
moves into E. Tennessee;
movements in E. Tenn;
at siege of Knoxville;
at Blain's Cross-roads;
Strawberry Plains;
in winter quarters;
ordered East again with Burnside in command.
12th,
covers trains of Pope's army;
at Antietam;
losses at Antietam;
in support of Sedgwick.
14th,
at Tunnel Hill;
at Resaca;
deprived of Davis' division;
reunited at New Hope Church;
at Peachtree Creek;
at Averasborough and Bentonville.
15th,
at Villanow;
at Dallas;
at Roswell;
at Atlanta;
at Ezra Church;
at Bentonville;
on march to Raleigh.
16th, same as last.
17th
moves from Decatur, Alabama, via Rome to Allatoona;
and Ackworth;
in North Carolina
20th,
at Bridgeport and Wauhatchie, Tennessee;
at Dug Gap;
through Snake Creek Gap;
at Resaca;
off its beat;
again, at crossing of the Etowah;
assaults confederate lines at New Hope Church and is repulsed;
in reserve;
flanking movement near Ackworth;
at Kolb's farm;
at Peachtree Creek;
holds Atlanta;
at Averasborough and Bentonville;
on march to Raleigh;
marches through Raleigh.
23d,
organized;
pursuit and capture of Morgan raiders;
scattered and fatigued by the chase;
ordered back to Kentucky;
advance into E. Tennessee;
service in E. Tennessee;
at Loudon;
in battle of Campbell's Station;
at siege of Knoxville;
at Blain's Cross-roads;
privations;
unanimous re-enlistment;
at Strawberry Plains;
sufferings from intense cold;
marches to Dandridge;
back to Strawberry Plains;
winter quarters at Knoxville;
march to Morristown;
good soldiers;
at Rocky Face;
at Resaca;
reinforced by nine new regiments at the Etowah;
at Burnt Hickory;
swings to the left;
forces crossing of Noyes's Creek;
advances to Cheney's;
at battle of Kolb's farm;
forces crossing of Olley's Creek and gains threatening position
beyond enemy's left flank;
holds position while Sherman's army passes to rear and right;
forces crossing of Chattahoochee at Soap Creek;
extreme right flank of army southwest of Atlanta;
Cox's division covers itself by field intrenchments in fifteen
minutes;
October campaign, 1864, General Cox in command;
ordered to report to Thomas;
march to Dalton;
cars to Nashville;
at Columbia, Tennessee;
at Pulaski;
race back to Columbia;
at Columbia;
at battle of Franklin;
at battle of Nashville;
follows Smith's corps in pursuit of Hood;
recruited to 15,000;
hard winter march from Columbia to Clifton, Tennessee;
transported from Clifton to Washington: shipped to North
Carolina;
ascends right bank of Cape Fear River, captures Ft. Anderson,
Town Creek, and compels evacuation of Wilmington;
at battle of Kinston;
losses at Kinston;
dress parade at Goldsborough in honor of Sherman's arrival;
march to Raleigh;
at Raleigh;
at Greensborough.
Army Headquarters, business centre for a large military population.
Army Pets.
Army Regulations, necessity for careful study of.
Atlanta Campaign;
decisive importance of, recognized by Southern leaders.
Atlanta, Battle of.
"Atlantic,"
Collins line steamship used in transporting part of 23d army corps
to North Carolina.
Audenreid, Jos. C., captain,
and aide-de-camp on Sherman's staff, rides around enemy's lines
into Knoxville.
Augur, Christopher C., appointed major general
Averasborough, North Carolina, battle of.
Badger, George E.,
ex-senator from North Carolina, joins Graham's peace delegation;
mentioned.
Baker, Lawrence S., brigadier general Confederate States Army,
in command of North Carolina militia at Kinston.
Ball, Hon. Flamen,
attorny for Burnside in Vallandigham _habeas corpus_ case.
Ballot,
extension of, to soldiers in the field.
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad,
importance of;
Union forces collected on line of.
Banks, N. P., major general United States Volunteers,
commanding forces in Shenandoah Valley;
defeated by "Stonewall" Jackson;
in charge of defences of Washington.
Barbarism,
tendency of war to make men relapse into;
efforts of officers to curb tendency;
of Union armies exaggerated to keep up war spirit of Southern
people.
Barker, C. W., major 12th Ill. cavalry,
in West Virginia
Barlow, Francis C., colonel 61st New York,
desperately wounded at Antietam.
Barnett, James, colonel 1st Ohio Artillery,
in West Virginia
Barriger, John W.,
captain and commissary on General Cox's staff;
good qualities.
Barter, Richard F., colonel commanding brigadier,
in 23d army corps, at Olley's Creek
Bascom, Gustavus M.,
aide-de-camp on General Cox's staff;
promoted to major;
accompanies General Cox to E. Tennessee;
transferred to Stoneman's staff.
Bates, Joshua H., brigadier-general Ohio Vol. Infantry,
at Camp Dennison.
Batteaux,
used for transportation of supplies from head of navigation to
Kanawha Falls;
more economical than wagon transportation.
Baxter, John, loyalist,
lawyer at Knoxville, afterwards U. S. Circuit Judge for 6th
Circuit.
Beauregard, P. G. T., lieutenant general Confederate States Army,
suggested by Lee to succeed Bragg;
Davis takes no notice of suggestion;
ordered to reinforce Polk with 10,000 men;
replies, impracticable;
in command Western Department;
confers with Hood;
says latter departed from plans agreed on;
criticised by Sherman;
hears of Thomas' expected reinforcements and orders Hood to take
aggressive immediately;
commands forces in the Carolinas;
orders Hardee to evacuate Charleston;
confesses inability to resist Sherman's march;
startles Davis;
retreats into North Carolina;
superseded by Johnston;
estimates of forces contradicted by official returns;
at Greensborough;
declares further prosecution of war hopeless.
Becker, Gottfried, lieutenant colonel 28th Ohio,
at South Mountain.
Beecher, Henry Ward,
meeting with General Cox;
correspondence with Stanton about photographs of Lincoln cortege.
Bell, T. S., Pt colonel 51st Pennsylvania,
killed at Burnside bridge.
Benham, H. W.,
captain of engineers;
consults about fortifying Gauley Bridge;
appointed brigadier general;
at Carnifex Ferry;
Cross Lanes;
near Gauley Bridge;
ordered to move to rear of Floyd's position on Cotton Hill and
intercept retreat;
fails to do so;
Rosecrans orders court-martial, but McClellan suppresses it;
transferred to another department.
Benjamin, Judah P., attorny-general Confederate States Army,
at Davis' last cabinet meeting;
decides States alone can dissolve confederacy and return to their
allegiance;
escapes to Cuba.
Benjamin, Samuel N., lieutenant 2nd U. S. Artillery,
at Antietam;
at Ft. Sanders;
reports cowardice of commanding officer.
Bennett, residence of, near Durham, North Carolina,
where Sherman and Johnston discussed terms of surrender.
Bentonville, North Carolina,
battle of;
sound of battle heard fifty miles away.
Beverly, West Virginia,
concentration of confederate troops at;
importance of situation;
abandoned after battle of Rich Mountain
Big Creek Gap, fine view through.
Big Sandy River,
as transportation route to E. Tennessee
Big Sewell Mountain,
reached by Cox's advance;
occupied by General Cox;
difficulty of hauling supplies to;
compels retirement.
Birkhimer's "Military Government and Martial Law" cited.
Blair, Frank P., major general United States Volunteers,
prefers command in Sherman's Army to seat in Congress;
commands 17th army corps;
marches from Decatur, Alabama, to Rome, Kingston, and Ackworth;
his corps makes good Sherman's losses in Atlanta campaign;
sent to Missouri to stump;
wants to stop foraging in North Carolina
Blenker, Louis, brigadier general United States Volunteers,
ordered to join Fremont;
does not arrive in time to participate in advance.
Blizzard,
fearful in E. Tennessee, Jan. 1864.
Blockhouses,
construction and use in railroad defence.
Bloodgood, Edw., lieutenant colonel 22nd Wisc.,
captured with his command by Forrest.
Bloody Lane,
at Antietam.
Bluestone River, West Virginia,
operations on.
Bondurant, J. W., captain Alabama artillery,
at South Mountain
Bonticou, Jos. C., lieutenant 2nd Kentucky, scout,
mistakes McCook's tents for enemy's camp.
Boone courthouse, West Virginia,
confederate militia routed at.
Boone, Thos. C., lieutenant colonel 115th Ohio,
commanding Kemper Barracks, Cincinnati.
Border States,
slavery question most troublesome in;
military administration in;
distasteful.
Boughton, Horace, colonel 143rd New York,
commanding brig, at battle of Kinston.
Bounty Jumping,
evils and extent of;
arrest of deserters and efforts to prevent frauds.
Boyle, Jere. T., brigadier-general United States Volunteers,
in Morgan raid;
commanding 1st division 23d army corps
Bradley, D. C., lieutenant 65th Ill.,
aide-de-camp on General Cox's staff.
Bragg, Braxton, general Confederate States Army,
invades Kentucky;
sends large forces to Johnston's assistance in Mississippi;
reinforced by Longstreet's corps before Chickamauga;
forces of, opposing Rosecrans;
weakened by absence of Morgan;
losses at Chickamauga;
unable to break line of supplies for Chattanooga;
orders Longstreet to E. Tennessee;
intends crushing Burnside and quick return;
defeated at Chattanooga;
Longstreet's return cut off;
evil consequences;
asks for investigation;
want of confidence in;
directed to turn command over to Hardee;
quoted by Davis;
correspondence with Johnston;
with Hood;
goes to Atlanta to examine condition of affairs and reports;
exposes habitual underestimate of their forces by confederate
generals;
commanding department of North Carolina;
headquarters at Wilmington;
forced to evacuate by General Cox;
forces of, Feb. 10th;
serves under Johnston;
concentrates all forces and attacks General Cox at Kinston;
mistaken order;
waits for reinforcements;
final attack at Kinston;
repulsed;
forces of, at Kinston;
at Chester, South Carolina;
captured near Athens, Georgia
Brannan, John M., brigadier-general United States Volunteers;
at Chickamauga.
Breckinridge, John C., Secretary of War Confederate States Army,
admits slavery to be dead;
takes part in Sherman-Johnston conference;
at Davis' last cabinet meeting;
decides Hampton's troops bound by capitulation but H. himself free
to ignore;
escapes to Cuba.
British Army,
weak points revealed;
not so apt in learning new lessons as our own.
Brough, John, Union Democrat,
defeats Vallandigham.
Brown, Rev. Fred. T., chaplain 7th Ohio,
trip from Sutton to Gauley through enemy's lines to bring Cox
information.
Brown, Jos. E., Governor of Georgia,
tenders 5000 militia for defence of Atlanta;
urges reinforcements to prevent fall of Atlanta;
exasperation with confederate government;
bitter correspondence with confederate war department;
mentioned.
Brownlow, James P., colonel 1st E. Tennessee Cav.
Brownlow, Wm. E., "Parson,"
leading loyalist at Knoxville.
Buckner, Simon B., major general Confederate States Army,
commanding in E. Tennessee;
joins Longstreet in siege of Knoxville.
Buell, Don Carlos, major general United States Volunteers,
General Cox ordered to join;
order countermanded on Rosecrans' protest;
objects to invasion of E. Tennessee;
sends Garfield to Big Sandy, and Morgan to Cumberland Gap;
retreats before Bragg;
ordered before military commission;
why Rosecrans chosen to succeed.
Buford, Abram, brigadier-general Confederate States Army,
commanding division Forrest's cavalry
Buford, N. B.,
appointed major-general United States Volunteers;
not confirmed.
Bull Run,
second battle of, guns heard at Washington;
news of Pope's defeat reaches Washington.
Bull Run bridge,
stout defence by Scammon.
Burbank, Sidney, major, mustering officer at Camp Jackson.
Burdsall, Henry W., commanding ind. Co. Ohio Cavalry.
Burnside, Ambrose E.,
twice declines command of Army of Potomac and urges McClellan's
retention;
commanding right wing;
first impressions of;
at South Mountain;
sharp reply to Hooker's report;
relations with McClellan;
command divided at Antietam;
leaves Cox in command of 9th army corps;
understanding of McClellan's plans;
practically without command;
order to attack, when received;
efforts to hurry advance;
McClellan's true friend;
heartily advocates emancipation and advises McC. on subject;
forwards Porter's dispatches about Pope to Washington;
held responsible by Porter for his court-martial;
grieved by division of his command, and McC.'s withdrawal of
confidence;
and unjust reprimand;
explains delay;
fine appearance on field;
cordial manners, popularity with his troops;
sincerity and unselfishness;
appointed to succeed McC. in spite of his protests;
dispiriting effect of his defeat at Fredericksburg;
ordered to Department of the Ohio;
plans for occupying E. Tennessee;
headquarters at Cincinnati;
character and habits of;
General Order No. 38;
warns Cincinatti papers against publishing military information;
causes arrest and trial of Vallandigham;
suppresses "Chicago Times";
overruled by the President;
plans campaign into E. Tennessee;
efforts to agree with Rosecrans on plan of advance;
directed to send 9th army corps to Vicksburg;
departure with staff for E. Tennessee;
recall;
organizes raids into West Virginia, E. Tennessee, and S. W.
Kentucky;
efforts to catch Morgan;
declares martial law in southern Ohio, during Morgan raid;
imprisons Morgan and his officers in Ohio penitentiary;
dramatic announcement of fall of Vicksburg;
rejoices in return of 9th army corps;
Halleck's unjust treatment of;
concentrates forces and advances into E. Tennessee;
captures General Frazer and 2500 men at Cumberland Gap;
impossibility of co-operating with Rosecrans;
congratulated by President and Halleck;
asks to be relieved;
organizes and arms E. Tennessee volunteers;
directed to move toward Chattanooga and support Rosecrans;
inability to reach River before battle of Chickamauga;
explains to War Department;
concentrates near Loudon;
attacks confederate General Jones and drives him into Virginia;
relations with Rosecrans;
informs Grant of his situation and necessities of troops;
opposes Longstreet;
well-conducted retreat to Knoxville;
relieved of command;
habitual unfriendliness of Halleck;
Congress passes resolutions of thanks;
at his best in such commands;
lack of system and other faults;
offers General Cox corps command in E. Tennessee;
recommends him for such appointment to General Foster;
plans another expedition to North Carolina;
not allowed to carry it out.
Burnside's Bridge,
across the Antietam;
least promising point of attack;
carried by Cox's command;
losses at.
Butler, Benj. F., major general United States Volunteers,
relieved of command;
criticises Grant in farewell order;
further assignment to command opposed by Grant.
Butler, M. C., major general Confederate States Army,
sent to assist Johnston in driving back Sherman;
included in Johnston's capitulation.
Butterfield, Daniel, major general United States Volunteers,
interferes with Schofield's advance;
declines to act on his request;
claims to outrank S. and disputes his authority.
Buzzard Roost,
strong defensive position at Dalton, Georgia;
attacks on, by Newton, and Geary.
Byrd, Robt. K., colonel E. Tennessee volunteers;
commanding cavalry in E. Tennessee;
at crossing of Olley's Creek
Cameron, Daniel, commanding brig, in Cox's division 23d army corps,
carries bridge over Noyes' Creek;
supports Byrd beyond Olley's Creek;
intrenches between Byrd and Reilly.
Camp Dennison, Ohio
camp of instruction;
laid out by General Cox;
huts built;
floors laid;
drilling of militia;
water works;
routine at;
measles at;
re-enlisting of three months men at.
Camp Jackson, near Columbus, Ohio,
first depot of recruits.
Camp Lookout, West Virginia;
amusing incident.
Campbell, John A., ex-justice U. S. Supreme Court,
confederate peace commander.
Campbell, John A., major and assistant adjutant-general on
Schofield's staff.
Canby, Edw. R., major general United States Volunteers,
Grant plans movement by.
Cantey, James, brigadier general Confederate States Army,
at Resaca.
Carnifex Ferry, West Virginia,
map of;
battle of.
Carrington, Henry B., brigadier general United States Volunteers,
superseded by Hascall at Indianapolis;
restored at Morton's request;
active in prosecuting Knights of Golden Circle.
Carter, John C.,
captain U. S. steamer "Michigan";
aids in defeating plot to release rebel prisoners.
Carter, Samuel P.,
assists in re-occupation of Kanawha valley;
commanding division of mounted troops;
advance into E. Tennessee;
joins 23d army corps;
succeeds Meagher in command of division at Beaufort, North
Carolina;
in advance on Kinston;
good conduct in first day's battle;
again, on final assault;
commanding division composed of Palmer's and his own;
transferred to third (Cox's) division of 23d army corps, when
latter assumes corps command.
Casement, John S., major 7th Ohio,
brings 400 to Charleston after surprise at Cross Lanes;
colonel of 103rd Ohio;
recruits new brass band for his brigade;
at battle of Nashville;
on expedition to North Carolina;
on advance up right bank Cape Fear River
Cavalry,
activity of confederate;
raids usually costly affairs;
difficulties of mounting;
enormous waste of horses;
outpost and patrol duties more important than showy raids.
Cave Spring, Georgia,
description of;
rendezvous for Hood and Beauregard.
Chalmers, James R., brigadier general Confederate States Army,
commanding division in Forrest's cavalry, at battle of Nashville.
Chantilly, battle of.
Chaplains, army.
Charleston, South Carolina,
fall of, has depressing effect on Confederacy.
Charleston, West Virginia,
strategic position;
taken by General Cox;
inundated;
headquarters of General Cox winter of 1861-2;
remissness of city officials;
reoccupied by General Cox.
Chase, Salmon P.,
Secretary of Treasury;
differences with President Lincoln:
corresponds with Garfield;
chief justice, entertains General Cox.
Chattanooga, Tennessee,
siege by Bragg;
line of supplies opened;
lines of communication with Nashville and North;
fortified and garrisoned.
Cheatham, Benj. F., major general Confederate States Army,
controversy with Hood;
at battle of Atlanta;
succeeds to command of Hardee's corps;
at battle of Nashville;
joins Bragg's army in North Carolina;
after capitulation, moves across Great Smoky Mountains with
Tennessee troops.
Chickamauga, battle of.
Chief Command, strain of, as compared with subordinate position.
Chief of Staff, importance of position
Christ, B. C., colonel 50th Pennsylvania,
commanding brigade at South Mountain;
at Antietam.
Christian, Wm. A., colonel 26th New York,
commanding brig, at Antietam.
Christie, S. L.,
captain and aide-de-camp on General Cox's staff;
resigns on account of ill health.
Cincinnati,
headquarters Department of the Ohio;
in 1863 a centre for rebel sympathizers;
refuge for Southern women;
defended against Morgan raiders;
enthusiasm over surrender of Vicksburg.
Claassen, Peter J., colonel 132nd New York,
commanding brig at battle of Kinston.
Clarke, Melvin, lieutenant colonel 36th Ohio,
at South Mountain
Clay, Cassius M., major general United States Volunteers,
not assigned to duty;
resigns and is appointed min. to Russia.
Clayton, H. D., major general Confederate States Army,
at Kinston;
falls on Upham's flank.
Cluseret, Gustave,
colonel and aide-de-camp on Frémont's staff;
amusing controversy with General Milroy;
military chief of Paris commune in 1870.
Cobb, Howell, brigadier general Confederate States Army,
at South Mountain
Coburn, John, colonel 33rd Indiana commanding brigade,
captured by Van Dorn.
Cochrane, John, brigadier general United States Volunteers,
war Democrat, consults McClellan about Emancipation Proclamation;
publishes recollections of interview;
attempts to bring McClellan and Chase into harmony.
Cockerill, Giles J., commanding battery D 1st Ohio artillery,
at Kolb's farm.
Coffee,
value of, in army rations;
improvised coffee-mills.
Colburn, A. V., colonel and assistant adjutant-general on
McClellan's staff,
accompanies him on rides about Washington.
Coleman, Aug. H., lieutenant colonel 11th Ohio,
leads charge up Cotton Mountain, West Virginia;
at South Mountain;
killed at Burnside bridge.
Coleman, D., colonel Confederate States Army,
commanding brigade at battle of Nashville.
Colored Troops,
excellent conduct in skirmish at Federal Point.
Colquitt, Alfred H.,
colonel Confederate States Army commanding brigade at Antietam.
Comly, James M.,
major 23d Ohio;
repulses attack at Pack's Ferry, West Virginia
Comstock, C. B.,
lieutenant colonel engineers on Grant's staff;
gets key to cipher dispatches;
reprimanded by Stanton;
accompanies Terry's expedition against Ft. Fisher;
suggests flanking Hoke's position at Federal Point;
plan adopted by Schofield, but fails on account of heavy gales and
deep sands;
explains Schofield's use of hospital steamer "Spaulding".
Confederate Army,
dwindles as hopes of success vanish;
disorders threatened on capitulation;
complete submission to U. S. authority;
paroled and sent home;
manifest interest in drill and discipline of U. S. troops.
Confederate Currency,
enormous depreciation of. 195.
Conine, Jas. W.,
lieutenant and aide-de-camp on General Cox's staff;
appointed colonel of 5th U. S. Colored troops.
Connecticut Troops,
8th Infantry at Antietam;
11th Infantry at Antietam;
15th Infantry at Kinston.
"Contrabands,"
slaves of confederate officers coming into Union lines;
term gradually applied to all escaped slaves;
difficulties in treatment of.
Cook, Asa M., captain 8th Massachusetts Artillery,
at South Mountain
Coon, Datus E., colonel United States Volunteers,
commanding 2nd brigade Wilson's cavalry at Nashville;
captures enemy's cavalry baggage train.
Cooper, Jos. A., colonel 6th E. Tennessee,
promoted brigadier general and assigned to command 2nd division
23d army corps;
at Johnsonville, Tennessee;
ordered to Beard's Ferry;
masterly retreat from.
Cooper, Samuel, adjutant and inspector general Confederate States
Army,
capitulates with Johnston's army;
tries to preserve confederate archives.
Corps Commander,
takes precedence over ranking major generals not assigned to corps
command.
Corse, John M., brigadier general United States Volunteers,
successfully defends Allatoona.
Cotton Mountain, West Virginia,
overlooking Gauley, seized by Floyd;
annoying fire from;
Floyd's position on, carried by Cox and Schenck.
Couch, Darius N., major general United States Volunteers,
at Yorktown;
ordered to observe A. P. Hill at Harper's Ferry;
should have come on field of Antietam not later than Hill;
but did not appear;
reports to General Thomas for duty, assigned to 4th army corps;
owing to dissatisfaction in that corps assigned to 23d army corps;
outranks General Cox and displaces him as second in command;
at battle of Nashville;
on march from Columbia to Clifton;
commands 23d army corps _en route_ from Clifton to Washington;
sails with his division to Beaufort, North Carolina;
commands two divisions 23d army corps left at Wilmington;
ordered to support of Cox at Kinston;
commands 2nd division 23d army corps under General Cox.
Coughlan, James,
lieutenant 24th Kentucky and aide-de-camp on General Cox's staff;
daring ride at Olley's Creek;
captured near Atlanta, exchanged, and killed at Franklin.
Councils of War,
why they never fight.
Cox, Jacob D.,
in Ohio Senate;
assists Governor Dennison in enrolling and organizing State
militia;
appointed brigadier general O. S. V. April 23d, 1861;
inspects State arsenal with McClellan;
in command of Camp Jackson;
inspects site with McClellan and lays out Camp Dennison;
first lessons in camping out and brigade drill;
extensive reading of military works;
all but one of his regiments ordered away;
ill effects of repeated change of command;
appointed brigadier general United States Volunteers;
confirmed;
ordered to Kanawha valley with raw regiments not yet equipped;
begins operations on a base 100 miles broad;
with 3400 men ordered to drive out Wise, who had 4000;
begins advance July 11th;
wild rumors;
affair at Scary Creek;
turns enemy's flank at Tyler Mountain;
captures Charleston;
presuming colonels;
quiet manner often led to similar difficulties;
experience with newspaper correspondents;
captures Gauley Bridge with 1500 stands of arms and munitions of
war;
congratulated by McClellan and Rosecrans;
establishes post at Gauley, scouts in all directions, sends out
detachments to deceive enemy;
left with only 1800 men to oppose Wise and Floyd with 8000;
suppresses mutinous excitement;
meets Rosecrans at Cross Lanes;
joined by McCook's brigade;
at Camp Lookout;
at Big Sewell Mountain;
skirmish with Wise's legion;
difficulty of obtaining supplies forces retirement to Camp
Lookout;
holds post at Gauley during occupation of Cotton Mountain by
Floyd;
carries Cotton Mountain by front attack up river face;
commands District of Kanawha, headquarters at Charleston;
ordered to report to Buell in Kentucky, countermanded on
Rosecrans' protest;
first military execution ordered;
weeding out incompetents and improving drill and discipline of
Kanawha division;
scrutiny of correspondence between confederates and residents
within the lines;
dealing with non-combatants;
disapproves of test oaths;
policy with regard to escaped slaves;
controversies with owners;
prefers seasoned volunteers to regulars;
rapid improvement of volunteer officers;
rebuilds bridge at Gauley;
uses batteaux for transportation on upper Kanawha;
reports to Frémont 8500 seasoned troops under his command;
pursuant to Frémont's plan of campaign moves to Princeton, West
Virginia;
affair at Princeton;
retires to Flat Top Mountain, on advices that Jackson's defeat of
Banks upsets campaign;
ordered to Washington with his command;
Kanawha division marches 90 miles in 3-1/2 days fully equipped,
over mountain roads;
impressions of Secretary Stanton;
in defences of Washington under McClellan;
meets Pope and McDowell retreating to Washington;
commends general scheme of Pope's campaign;
learns through his scouts of Lee's invasion of Maryland;
methods of collecting and sifting information;
condemns McClellan's spy system;
ordered to report to Burnside;
first impressions;
attached to 9th Corps and takes advance;
shocked at straggling in Army of Potomac;
meets General Reno;
good impression made by Kanawha division;
at the Monocacy;
at Frederick, Maryland;
supports Pleasanton;
commands in action at Fox's Gap, South Mountain;
Reno arrives late in day, is killed almost immediately, and Cox
succeeds to command of the corps;
expresses his pride in the conduct of the Kanawha division;
meets McClellan and principal officers of Army of Potomac at
headquarters;
retained in command of 9th Corps;
part it was to take in the battle;
carries Burnside bridge and fords in front and drives confederate
right wing back to Sharpsburg;
movement arrested by arrival of A. P. Hill's division from
Harper's Ferry and flank attack;
holds his position and sleeps on battlefield;
gets hints of a project to make McClellan dictator;
consulted by McC. as to how he should treat Emancipation
Proclamation;
warns him against putting himself in opposition to administration;
accompanies Lincoln in ride over battlefield of Antietam;
promoted to major general and command of 9th Corps;
ordered to return to Kanawha valley, overrun by confederate forces
in his absence;
commands District of West Virginia;
takes leave of 9th Corps;
Stanton;
and Chase;
reports to General H. G. Wright at Cincinnati;
impressions of;
inspects commands of Morgan and Lightburn;
contracts for wagons and transportation;
reoccupies Kanawha valley, driving out Loring, Echols, and
Jenkins;
administration of affairs in West Virginia;
headquarters at Marietta;
staff reorganized;
appointment as major general not confirmed;
severe disappointment;
evils of subjecting military appointments to political action;
reports to General Schenck at Baltimore;
ordered to Columbus to assist Governor in enrolling and organizing
conscripts;
commands Military District of Ohio, headquarters at Cincinnati;
relations to Burnside;
disinclined to arrest Vallandigham followers;
District of Mich, added to his command;
acting chief of staff for Burnside;
transacts business of the Department of the Ohio, in Burnside's
name;
firm dealing with extreme Democratic partisans;
nomination fails because it had support of neither regular army
officers nor politicians;
secures approval of immediate commanders;
urgent to obtain field command;
reads Kinglake's "Crimean War" and derives comfort from record of
experiments and blunders in English Army;
defeats plot to free prisoners on Johnson's Island;
offered corps command in E. Tennessee by Burnside;
investigates treatment of prisoners at Johnson's Island;
ordered to report to commanding general in E. Tennessee;
winter ride over Mountains;
meets Burnside and staff coming out;
assigned to command District of Kentucky;
distaste for such commands;
assigned to command 23d army corps;
at Strawberry Plains;
first meeting with Grant;
reports to Sheridan at Dandridge, in;
retreat to Strawberry Plains;
drives back rebel advance toward Knoxville;
threatened with pneumonia;
winter quarters at Knoxville;
yields command of 23d army corps to Major General Stoneman;
asks for command of Sheridan's division 4th army corps;
Major General Newton gets it;
meets Schofield;
acts as chief of staff for Schofield;
amusing occurrence on grand rounds;
at Newmarket, E. Tennessee;
at Morristown;
offers plan of campaign for Army of the Ohio;
approved by Schofield;
offered permanent position as chief of staff, or division in 23d
army corps;
takes latter;
second in command to Schofield;
ordered to join Sherman, drives enemy out of E. Tennessee and
destroys railroad back to Knoxville;
march to Dalton;
first meeting with Sherman and Thomas;
commands extreme left at Dalton;
retires left wing in presence of enemy;
movement praised by Sherman and Schofield;
protects exposed flank by fallen timber;
beginning of field intrenchments;
marches through Snake Creek Gap and takes position on left of
army;
carries intrenchments on confederate right at Resaca;
commands advance and extreme left on march from Resaca to
Cassville;
outflanks confederate army and forces abandonment of position
before Cassville;
follows confederate rearguard to crossing of Etowah River;
privations when marching without baggage;
on march to New Hope Church lines;
assumes command of 23d army corps on Schofield's becoming
disabled;
turns confederate position at New Hope Church;
closer relations with Sherman;
unseen perils, narrow escape;
heavy rains and discomfort;
gloomy thoughts;
occupies position on extreme right, separated a mile from rest of
army;
forces crossing of Noyes' Creek;
supports Hascall at Kolb's farm, against Hood's attack;
forces crossing of Olley's Creek, intrenches in commanding
position beyond enemy's left flank;
holds position gained, three miles from continuous lines of
Sherman's army, for several days;
effects crossing of Chattahoochee at Soap Creek;
extreme right flank southwest of Atlanta;
his division covers its front with intrenchments in fifteen
minutes;
at Decatur, Georgia;
in command of Army of the Ohio during October campaign;
mild reproof of brig, commander who prefers a cursing;
in pursuit of Hood;
Sherman plans to take 23d army corps on march to the sea with Cox
in command;
Schofield protests, Cox yields;
resumes command of his own division;
recommended for promotion by Schofield and Sherman, App. C;
farewell to Sherman;
march to Dalton; visits Chattanooga;
and Nashville;
votes for Lincoln, on train;
pet lizard; at Franklin, Tennessee;
at Columbia;
at Pulaski;
race back to Columbia;
writes book on "Battle of Franklin;"
at Nashville, after retreat from Franklin;
position as second in command, reduced by appointment of Major
General Couch to a division;
at battle of Nashville;
exposure on night after battle;
pursuit of Hood;
revisits Franklin and studies battlefield;
also Spring Hill and Columbia;
rebuilds bridges and improves roads;
suffers from malarial poisoning;
obtains sick leave;
does not use it, as active campaigning is proposed;
earnestly recommended for promotion by Schofield and Thomas, App.
C;
appointed major general as of Dec. 7, to fill vacancy caused by
McClernand's resignation;
hard march from Columbia to Clifton;
still suffering from malaria;
goes home while 23d Corps is transported from Clifton to
Washington;
rapid improvement in health, and new zeal; rejoins corps at
Washington;
interviews with Stanton, Chase, Garfield, Dennison, Schenck, Henry
Ward Beecher, Henry Winter Davis, and others;
sails with his division to Cape Fear River, North Carolina; at
Federal Point;
commands column ascending right bank of Cape Fear River, capturing
Ft. Anderson
and Town Creek, with two cannon and 400 prisoners, and compelling
evacuation
of Wilmington;
uses discretion in not strictly obeying Schofield's orders;
permanent assignment to command 23d army corps urged by Schofield,
App. C;
takes command of troops at New Berne, North Carolina, and advances
on Kinston;
two battles at Kinston;
losses at Kinston, chiefly in Upham's brigade, which was
surprised;
hears sound of battle of Bentonville, fifty miles away;
occupies Goldsborough;
permanently assigned to command 23d army corps, App. C;
march to Raleigh;
vigorous measures to stop pillage and arson;
precautions against soldiers wreaking vengeance for assassination
of Lincoln;
commands western district of North Carolina, with headquarters at
Greensborough;
interview with General Hardee;
with Johnston;
visit to Salisbury, confederate treatment of prisoners denounced;
recognizes local courts and magistrates;
notes complete submission on part of North Carolina people to
results of the war;
limits authority to preserving the peace;
visits Guilford-Old-Court-House, and battlefield;
sentiments inspired thereby.
Cox, Theodore, brother of above, vol.
aide-de-camp, at South Mountain and Antietam;
lieutenant in 11th Ohio and aide-de-camp by appointmentt;
at skirmish before Knoxville;
at Knoxville;
adjutant general on General Cox's staff;
accuracy and business system of;
issues orders for good conduct of troops on shipboard.
Crane, Orrin J., major 7th Ohio, at Antietam.
Cranor, Jonathan, colonel 40th Ohio, in West Virginia
Crawford, Samuel W., brigadier general United States Volunteers, at
Antietam.
Creighton, Wm. R., lieutenant colonel 7th Ohio,
comes in with Tyler after surprise at Cross Lanes;
reproaches himself with cowardice;
record of gallantry, until killed at Ringgold, Georgia
Crittenden, Eugene W., colonel commanding cavalry
brigade in 23d army corps, reports to General Cox at Olley's Creek
Crittenden, Thos. L., major general United States Volunteers, in E.
Tennessee.
Crome, G. L., lieutenant McMullin's battery;
killed at South Mountain
Crook, Geo., captain 4th U. S. Infantry, colonel
36th Ohio, at Cross Lanes;
Summersville;
personal description of;
captured at Cumberland;
first vote; at Lewisburg, West Virginia;
defeats Heth;
attached to Kanawha division;
reports to Pope at Warrenton, Virginia;
commanding brig, in Kanawha division;
supports Scammon;
at South Mt;
attached to Sturgis' division at Antietam;
carries ford of Antietam above Burnside bridge;
promoted brig, general;
ordered to Clarksburg, West Virginia;
commands Kanawha division;
marches from Clarksburg to Gauley Bridge;
at Gauley Bridge;
transferred to Rosecrans' command in Tennessee;
commends discipline of Kanawha division,
Cross Lanes, West Virginia,
7th Ohio surprised at and routed;
consultation of Rosecrans and Cox at.
Cutler, Hon. Wm. P.,
M. C. from Marietta, Ohio, expresses popular distrust of Lincoln's
ability.
DALTON, Georgia,
geography of vicinity;
impregnable to attack from north or west;
operations about;
strong character of defensive works.
Dana, Chas. A.,
Assistant Secretary of War;
cipher dispatches to Stanton about Rosecrans and his officers;
visits Burnside at Knoxville;
reports to Grant;
judgment of army officers at Chattanooga;
advises Stanton concerning interview between Lincoln and
confederate peace commanders;
concerning prayers for the President in Episcopal churches at
Richmond.
Dandridge, E. Tennessee, affair at;
a surprise all around;
both armies retreat.
Davis, David, Justice of U. S. Supreme Court,
change in views regarding trial by military commissions in
Indiana;
Davis, Henry Winter, M. C. from Maryland,
dines with General Cox in Washington;
opposes re-election of Lincoln;
witty and scathing denunciation of L.
Davis, Jefferson, President Confederate States Army, advises
with Lee about successor to Bragg;
differences with Beauregard and Johnston;
finally appoints Johnston;
urges aggressive action;
correspondence with Johnston;
plans thwarted by long discussion;
begs Johnston to retreat no further;
receives no encouragement from him;
sends Bragg to Atlanta to examine and report on condition of
affairs;
relieves Johnston and appoints Hood;
convinced Hood needs intellectual guidance;
urges Hardee to hold Charleston, and stop Sherman on line of
Combahee River;
startled by Beauregard's confession of inability to stop Sherman;
notes difference between B.'s estimate of forces available and
official returns;
goes to Danville on fall of Richmond;
thence to Greensborough, North Carolina;
orders arrest of Governor Vance's peace commanders;
advised by all his generals and cabinet that further prosecution
of war was hopeless;
authorizes Johnston to negotiate with Sherman;
holds last cabinet meeting at Charlotte;
unanimous decision that confederacy is conquered;
assents to Johnston's surrender;
reputed "plunder" nearly all paid out to Johnston's troops and his
personal escort;
tries to escape beyond Mississippi;
captured S. E. of Macon.
Davis, Jeff. C., brigadier general United States Volunteers,
commanding division in Army of the Cumberland;
movement on Rome;
occupies Rome;
attached to McPherson's command temporarily;
assault on Kennesaw.
Dawes, Ephraim C., major 53rd Ohio,
analysis of opposing forces in Atlanta campaign.
Dawes, Rufus R., lieutenant colonel 6th Wisc.,
at Antietam;
"Service with the Sixth Wisconsin," cited.
Day, D. W. H., captain and assistant quartermaster,
accompanies General Cox on winter ride to E. Tennessee;
selects wagons and teams;
marks fords;
keeps teams moving;
secures tents and flies for army headquarters;
in charge of horses and mules sent from E. Tennessee to Kentucky
for pasture;
energy commended.
Dayton, Ohio,
assaults on soldiers at, not punished by local courts;
how punished.
DeCourcey, John F., colonel 16th Ohio,
in West Virginia campaign fall of '62;
moves on Cumberland Gap.
Defensive Tactics,
generally better in rough country.
Dennison, Wm., Governor of Ohio,
prepares State for war;
appoints McClellan major general;
sends two regiments to Washington;
incessant work;
urges McClellan to occupy West Virginia in force;
at Washington;
mediates between Lincoln and McClellan;
supported by Cox in Ohio senatorial contest;
postmaster general;
entertains General Cox.
De Trobriand, P. R., colonel 55th New York,
says New York 7th furnished 300 officers for Union army.
De Villiers, Chas. A.,
brigadier major on General Cox's staff;
captured outside of lines at Scary Creek;
escapes and reports for duty at Gauley;
hazardous ride to report occupation of Cotton Mountain by Floyd;
crosses New River, scales cliffs and assaults enemy on Cotton
Mountain.
Devin, Thos. C., colonel 6th New York Cavalry,
ordered to report to General Cox.
Dick, Robt. P., resident of Greensborough, North Carolina,
in whose grove army headquarters were established, since appointed
U. S. District Judge;
advises colored people to hire out to others than their old
masters.
Dickson, Wm. M.,
cited as to Key's influence over McClellan.
Discretion,
to be exercised by subordinate on detached service in obeying
orders issued without full knowledge of his position.
Doddridge, cashier of a Charleston, West Virginia bank,
Union man;
paymaster in Union army.
Dodge, Grenville M., major general United States Volunteers,
commands 16th Corps;
builds bridge over Chattahoochee at Roswell.
Donaldson, James L., colonel United States Volunteers, chief
quartermaster at Nashville,
describes Thomas's feelings after Nashville campaign.
Doolittle, Chas. C., colonel 18th Michigan,
commanding post at Decatur, repulses Hood;
joins General Cox at Stevenson;
chief of staff for General Cox;
takes command of Reilly's division 23d army corps;
carries enemy's intrenchments and captures eight guns at battle of
Nashville;
and returns to his own regiment when 23d Corps goes to Washington.
Doubleday, Abner, brigadier general United States Volunteers,
commanding division, at Antietam.
Douglas, Stephen A.,
speech at Columbus after fall of Ft. Sumter;
pledges support of Dem. party to Lincoln's administration.
Dow, Tristram T., major 112th Ill.,
appointed inspector general on Cox's staff;
reconnoitres fords before Kinston;
carries message from Schofield to Hoke.
Draft,
preferred to system of raising new regiments and letting old ones
die out;
Sherman cited;
act providing for;
weakened by commutation clause;
insignificant numbers drafted in Ohio.
Drayton, Thos. F., brigadier general Confederate States Army,
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