Roget's Thesaurus
by
Peter Mark Roget

Part 10 out of 15



(display) 882; feat, exploit; achievement &c. (completion) 729; handiwork,
workmanship; manufacture; stroke of policy &c. (plan) 626.
actor &c. (doer) 690.
V. do, perform, execute; achieve &c. (complete) 729; transact, enact;
commit, perpetrate, inflict; exercise, prosecute, carry on, work, practice,
play.
employ oneself, ply one's task; officiate, have in hand &c. (business)
625; labor &c. 686; be at work; pursue a course; shape one's course &c.
(conduct) 692.
act, operate; take action, take steps; strike a blow, lift a finger,
stretch forth one's hand; take in hand &c. (undertake) 676; put oneself in
motion; put in practice; carry into execution &c. (complete) 729; act upon.
be an actor &c. 690; take a part in, act a part in, play a part in,
perform a part in; participate in; have a hand in, have a finger in the
pie; have to do with; be a party to, be a participator in; bear a hand,
lend a hand; pull an oar, run in a race; mix oneself up with &c. (meddle)
682.
be in action; come into operation &c. (power at work) 170.
Adj. doing &c. v.; acting; in action; in harness; on duty; in
operation &c. 170.
Adv. in the act, in the midst of, in the thick of; red-handed, in
flagrante delicto[Lat]; while one's hand is in.
Phr. "action is eloquence" [Coriolanus]; actions speak louder than
words; actum aiunt ne agas [obs3][Lat][Terence]; "awake, arise, or be
forever fall'n" [Paradise Lost]; dii pia facta vident [Lat][Ovid]; faire
sans dire[Fr]; fare fac[It]; fronte capillata post est occasio calva[Lat];
"our deeds are sometimes better than our thoughts" [Bailey]; "the great
end of life is not knowledge but action" [Huxley]; "thought is the soul of
act" [R. Browning]; vivre-ce nest pas respirer c'est agir[Fr][obs3]; "we
live in deeds not years" [Bailey].


#681. Inaction. -- N. inaction, passiveness, abstinence from action;
noninterference, nonintervention; Fabian policy, conservative policy;
neglect &c. 460.
inactivity &c. 683; rest &c. (repose) 687; quiescence &c. 265; want of
occupation, inoccupation[obs3]; idle hours, time hanging on one's hands,
dolce far niente[It]; sinecure, featherbed, featherbedding, cushy job, no-
show job; soft snap, soft thing.
V. not do, not act, not attempt; be inactive &c. 683; abstain from
doing, do nothing, hold, spare; not stir, not move, not lift a finger, not
lift a foot, not lift a peg; fold one's arms, fold one's hands; leave
alone, let alone; let be, let pass, let things take their course, let it
have its way, let well alone, let well enough alone; quieta non
movere[Lat]; stare super antiquas vias[Lat][obs3]; rest and be thankful,
live and let live; lie rest upon one's oars; laisser aller[Fr], faire[Fr];
stand aloof; refrain &c. (avoid) 623 keep oneself from doing; remit one's
efforts, relax one's efforts; desist &c. (relinquish) 624; stop &c. (cease)
142; pause &c. (be quiet) 265.
wait, lie in wait, bide one's time, take time, tide it over.
cool one's heels, kick one's heels; while away the time, while away
tedious hours; pass the time, fill up the time, beguile the time; talk
against time; let the grass grow under one's feet; waste time &c.
(inactive) 683.
lie by, lie on the shelf, lie in ordinary, lie idle, lie to, lie
fallow; keep quiet, slug; have nothing to do, whistle for want of thought.
undo, do away with; take down, take to pieces; destroy &c. 162.
Adj. not doing &c. v.; not done &c. v.; undone; passive; unoccupied,
unemployed; out of employ, out of work; fallow; desaeuvre[Fr].
Adv. re infecta[Lat], at a stand, les bras croisis[Fr], with folded
arms; with the hands in the pockets, with the hands behind one's back; pour
passer le temps[Fr].
Int. so let it be! stop! &c. 142; hands off!
Phr. cunctando restituit rem "If it ain't broke don't fix it"
[Lat][Bert Lance]; stare decisis [Latin: (Law) let the decision stand].


<-- p. 219 -->


#682. Activity. -- N. activity; briskness, liveliness &c. adj.;
animation, life, vivacity, spirit, dash, energy; snap, vim.
nimbleness, agility; smartness, quickness &c. adj.; velocity, &c. 274;
alacrity, promptitude; despatch, dispatch; expedition; haste &c. 684;
punctuality &c. (early) 132.
eagerness, zeal, ardor, perfervidum aingenium[Lat][obs3],
empressement[Fr], earnestness, intentness; abandon; vigor &c. (physical
energy) 171; devotion &c. (resolution) 604; exertion &c. 686.
industry, assiduity; assiduousness &c. adj.; sedulity; laboriousness;
drudgery &c. (labor) 686; painstaking, diligence; perseverance &c. 604a;
indefatigation|; habits of business.
vigilance &c. 459; wakefulness; sleeplessness, restlessness; insomnia;
pervigilium[obs3], insomnium[obs3]; racketing.
movement, bustle, stir, fuss, ado, bother, pottering, fidget,
fidgetiness; flurry &c. (haste) 684.
officiousness; dabbling, meddling; interference, interposition,
intermeddling; tampering with, intrigue.
press of business, no sinecure, plenty to do, many irons in the fire,
great doings, busy hum of men, battle of life, thick of the action.
housewife, busy bee; new brooms; sharp fellow, sharp blade; devotee,
enthusiast, zealot, meddler, intermeddler, intriguer, busybody,
pickthank[obs3]; hummer, hustler, live man [U.S.], rustler * [U. S.].
V. be active &c. adj.; busy oneself in; stir, stir about, stir one's
stumps; bestir oneself, rouse oneself; speed, hasten, peg away, lay about
one, bustle, fuss; raise up, kick up a dust; push; make a push, make a
fuss, make a stir; go ahead, push forward; fight one's way, elbow one's
way; make progress &c. 282; toll &c. (labor) 686; plod, persist &c.
(persevere) 604a; keep up the ball, keep the pot boiling.
look sharp; have all one's eyes about one &c. (vigilance) 459; rise,
arouse oneself, hustle, get up early, be about, keep moving, steal a march,
kill two birds with one stone; seize the opportunity &c. 134 lose no time,
not lose a moment, make the most of one's time, not suffer the grass to
grow under one's feet, improve the shining hour, make short work of; dash
off; make haste &c. 684; do one's best take pains &c. (exert oneself)
686; do wonders, work wonders.
have many irons in the fire, have one's hands full, have much on one's
hands; have other things to do, have other fish to fry; be busy; not have a
moment to spare, not have a moment that one can call one's own.
have one's fling, run the round of; go all lengths, stick at nothing,
run riot.
outdo; overdo, overact, overlay, overshoot the mark; make a toil of a
pleasure.
have a hand in &c. (act in) 680; take an active part, put in one's
oar, have a finger in the pie, mix oneself up with, trouble, one's head
about, intrigue; agitate.
tamper with, meddle, moil; intermeddle, interfere, interpose; obtrude;
poke one's nose in, thrust one's nose in.
Adj. active, brisk, brisk as a lark, brisk as a bee; lively, animated,
vivacious; alive, alive and kicking; frisky, spirited, stirring.
nimble, nimble as a squirrel; agile; light-footed, nimble-footed;
featly[obs3], tripping.
quick, prompt, yare[obs3], instant, ready, alert, spry, sharp, smart;
fast &c. (swift) 274; quick as a lamplighter, expeditious; awake, broad
awake; go-ahead, live wide-awake &c. (intelligent) 498[U.S.].
forward, eager, strenuous, zealous, enterprising, in earnest; resolute
&c. 604.
industrious, assiduous, diligent, sedulous, notable, painstaking;
intent &c. (attention) 457; indefatigable &c. (persevering) 604a;
unwearied; unsleeping[obs3], never tired; plodding, hard-working &c. 686;
businesslike, workaday.
bustling; restless, restless as a hyena; fussy, fidgety, pottering;
busy, busy as hen with one chicken.
working, at work, on duty, in harness; up in arms; on one's legs, at
call; up and doing, up and stirring.
busy, occupied; hard at work, hard at it; up to one's ears in, full of
business, busy as a bee, busy as a one-armed paperhanger.
meddling &c. v.; meddlesome, pushing, officious, overofficious[obs3],
intrigant[obs3].
astir, stirring; agoing[obs3], afoot; on foot; in full swing;
eventful; on the alert, &c. (vigilant) 459.
Adv. actively &c. adj.; with life and spirit, with might and main &c.
686,with haste &c. 684, with wings; full tilt, in mediis rebus[Lat].
Int. be alive, look alive, look sharp! move on, push on! keep moving!
go ahead! stir your stumps! age quod agis[Lat]! jaldi[obs3]! karo[obs3]!
step lively!
Phr. carpe diem &c. (opportunity) 134[Latin: seize the day]; nulla
dies sine linea [Latin][Pliny]; nec mora nec requies [Latin][Vergil];
the plot thickens; No sooner said than done &c. (early) 132; "veni vidi
vici" [Lat][Suetonius]; catch a weasel asleep; abends wird der Faule
fleissig [obs3][German]; dictum ac factum [Lat][Terence]; schwere Arbeit in
der Jugend ist sanfte Ruhe im Alter[German: hard work in youth means soft
rest in age]; "the busy hum of men" [Milton].

<-- p. 220 -->


#683. Inactivity. -- N. inactivity; inaction &c. 681; inertness &c.
172; obstinacy &c. 606.
lull &c. (cessation) 142; quiescence &c. 265; rust, rustiness.
idleness, remissness &c. adj.; sloth, indolence, indiligence[obs3];
dawdling &c. v. ergophobia[obs3], otiosity[obs3].
dullness &c. adj.; languor; segnity|, segnitude|; lentor[obs3];
sluggishness &c. (slowness) 275; procrastination &c. (delay) 133; torpor,
torpidity, torpescence[obs3]; stupor &c. (insensibility) 823; somnolence;
drowsiness &c. adj.; nodding &c. v.; oscitation[obs3], oscitancy[obs3];
pandiculation[obs3], hypnotism, lethargy; statuvolence heaviness[obs3],
heavy eyelids.
sleep, slumber; sound sleep, heavy sleep, balmy sleep; Morpheus;
Somnus; coma, trance, ecstasis[obs3], dream, hibernation, nap, doze,
snooze, siesta, wink of sleep, forty winks, snore; hypnology[obs3].
dull work; pottering; relaxation &c. (loosening) 47; Castle of
Indolence.
[Cause of inactivity] lullaby, sedative, tranquilizer, hypnotic,
sleeping pill, relaxant, anaesthetic, general anaesthetic &c. 174;
torpedo.
[person who is inactive] idler, drone, droil[obs3], dawdle,
mopus[obs3]; do-little faineant[Fr], dummy, sleeping partner; afternoon
farmer; truant &c. (runaway) 623: bummer|!, loafer, goldbrick, goldbicker,
lounger, lazzarone[It]; lubber, lubbard[obs3]; slow coach &c. (slow.) 275;
opium eater, lotus eater; slug; lag|!, sluggard, slugabed; slumberer,
dormouse, marmot; waiter on Providence, fruges consumere natus[Lat].
V. be inactive &c. adj.; do nothing &c. 681; move slowly &c. 275; let
the grass grow under one's feet; take one's time, dawdle, drawl,
droil[obs3], lag, hang back, slouch; loll, lollop[obs3]; lounge, poke,
loaf, loiter; go to sleep over; sleep at one's post, ne battre que d'une
aile[Fr][obs3].
take it easy, take things as they come; lead an easy life, vegetate,
swim with the stream, eat the bread of idleness; loll in the lap of luxury,
loll in the lap of indolence; waste time, consume time, kill time, lose
time; burn daylight, waste the precious hours.
idle away time, trifle away time, fritter away time, fool away time;
spend time in, take time in; peddle, piddle; potter, pudder[obs3], dabble,
faddle fribble[obs3], fiddle-faddle; dally, dilly-dally.
sleep, slumber, be asleep; hibernate; oversleep; sleep like a top,
sleep like a log, sleep like a dormouse; sleep soundly, heavily; doze,
drowze[obs3], snooze, nap; take a nap &c. n.; dream; snore one's best;
settle to sleep, go to sleep, go off to sleep; doze off, drop off; fall
asleep; drop asleep; close the eyes, seal up the eyes, seal up eyelids;
weigh down the eyelids; get sleep, nod, yawn; go to bed, turn; get some
z's, stack z's [coll.].
languish, expend itself, flag, hang fire; relax.
render idle &c. adj.; sluggardize[obs3]; mitigate &c. 174.
Adj. inactive; motionless &c. 265; unoccupied &c. (doing nothing) 681
unbusied[obs3].
indolent, lazy, slothful, idle, lusk[obs3], remiss, slack, inert,
torpid, sluggish, otiose, languid, supine, heavy, dull, leaden,
lumpish[obs3]; exanimate[obs3], soulless; listless; drony[obs3],
dronish[obs3]; lazy as Ludlam's dog.
dilatory, laggard; lagging &c. v.; slow &c. 275; rusty, flagging;
lackadaisical, maudlin, fiddle-faddle; pottering &c. v.;shilly-shally &c.
(irresolute) 605.
sleeping, &c. v.; asleep; fast asleep, dead asleep, sound asleep; in a
sound sleep; sound as a top, dormant, comatose; in the arms of Morpheus, in
the lap of Morpheus.
sleepy, sleepful[obs3]; dozy[obs3], drowsy, somnolent,
torpescent[obs3], lethargic, lethargical[obs3]; somnifacient[obs3];
statuvolent[obs3], statuvolic[obs3]; heavy, heavy with sleep; napping;
somnific[obs3], somniferous; soporous[obs3], soporific, soporiferous[obs3];
hypnotic; balmy, dreamy; unawakened, unawakened.
sedative &c. 174.
Adv. inactively &c. adj.; at leisure &c. 685.
Phr. the eyes begin to draw straws; "bankrupt of life yet prodigal of
ease" [Dryden]; "better 50 years of Europe than a cycle of Cathay"
[Tennyson]; "idly busy rolls their world away" [Goldsmith]; "the mystery
of folded sleep" [Tennyson]; "the timely dew of sleep" [Milton]; "thou
driftest gently down the tides of sleep" [Longfellow]; "tired Nature's
sweet restorer, balmy sleep" [Young].

<-- p. 221 -->

#684. Haste. -- N. haste, urgency; despatch, dispatch; acceleration,
spurt, spirt[obs3], forced march, rush, dash; speed, velocity &c. 274;
precipitancy, precipitation, precipitousness &c. adj.; impetuosity;
brusquerie[obs3]; hurry, drive, scramble, bustle, fuss, fidget, flurry,
flutter, splutter.
V. haste, hasten; make haste, make a dash &c. n.; hurry on, dash on,
whip on, push on, press on, press forward; hurry, skurry[obs3], scuttle
along, barrel along, bundle on, dart to and fro, bustle, flutter, scramble;
plunge, plunge headlong; dash off; rush &c. (violence) 173; express.
bestir oneself &c. (be active) 682; lose no time, lose not a moment,
lose not an instant; make short work of; make the best of one's time, make
the best of one's way.
be precipitate &c. adj.; jump at, be in haste, be in a hurry &c. n.;
have no time, have not a moment to lose, have not a moment to spare; work
against time.
quicken &c. 274; accelerate, expedite, put on, precipitate, urge,
whip; railroad.
Adj. hasty, hurried, brusque; scrambling, cursory, precipitate,
headlong, furious, boisterous, impetuous, hotheaded; feverish, fussy;
pushing.
in haste, in a hurry &c. n.; in hot haste, in all haste; breathless,
pressed for time, hard pressed, urgent.
Adv. with haste, with all haste, with breathless speed; in haste &c.
adj.; apace &c. (swiftly) 274; amain[obs3]; all at once &c.
(instantaneously) 113; at short notice &c., immediately &c. (early) 132;
posthaste; by cable, by express, by telegraph, by forced marches.
hastily, precipitately &c. adj.; helter-skelter, hurry-skurry[obs3],
holus-bolus; slapdash, slap-bang; full-tilt, full drive; heels over head,
head and shoulders, headlong, a corps perdu[Fr].
by fits and starts, by spurts; hop skip and jump.
Phr. sauve qui peut[French: every man for himself][panic], devil take
the hindmost, no time to be lost; no sooner said than done &c. (early) 132;
a word and a blow; haste makes waste, maggiore fretta minore atto
[Italian]; ohne Hast aber ohne Rast [German][Goethe's motto]; "stand not
upon the order of your going but go at once" [Macbeth]; "swift, swift, you
dragons of the night" [Cymbeline].

#685. Leisure. -- N. leisure; convenience; spare time, spare hours,
spare moments; vacant hour; time, time to spare, time on one's hands;
holiday, relaxation &c. (rest) 687; otium cum dignitate [Lat][obs3][Cic.],
ease.
no hurry; no big rush; no deadline.
V. have leisure &c. n.; take one's time, take one's leisure, take
one's ease; repose &c. 687; move slowly &c. 275; while away the time &c.
(inaction) 681; be master of one's time, be an idle man.
Adj. leisure, leisurely; slow &c. 275; deliberate, quiet, calm,
undisturbed; at leisure, at one's ease, at loose ends, at a loose end.
Adv. unhurriedly, deliberately, without undue haste; anytime.
Phr. time hanging heavy on one's hands; eile mit Weile[Ger].

#686. Exertion. -- N. exertion, effort, strain, tug, pull, stress,
throw, stretch, struggle, spell, spurt, spirt[obs3]; stroke of work, stitch
of work.
"a strong pull a long pull and a pull all together"; dead lift; heft;
gymnastics; exercise, exercitation[obs3]; wear and tear; ado; toil and
trouble; uphill work, hard work, warm work; harvest time.
labor, work, toil, travail, manual labor, sweat of one's brow,
swink[obs3], drudgery, slavery, fagging[obs3], hammering; limae
labor[Lat]; industry, industriousness, operoseness[obs3], operosity[obs3].
trouble, pains, duty; resolution &c. 604; energy &c. (physical) 171.
V. exert oneself; exert one's energies, tax one's energies; use
exertion.
labor, work, toil, moil, sweat, fag, drudge, slave, drag a lengthened
chain, wade through, strive, stretch a long arm; pull, tug, ply; ply the
oar, tug at the oar; do the work; take the laboring oar
bestir oneself (be active) 682; take trouble, trouble oneself.
work hard; rough it; put forth one's strength, put forth a strong arm;
fall to work, bend the bow; buckle to, set one's shoulder to the wheel &c.
(resolution) 604; work like a horse, work like a cart horse, work like a
galley slave, work like a coal heaver; labor day and night, work day and
night; redouble one's efforts; do double duty; work double hours, work
double tides; sit up, burn the candle at both ends; stick to &c.
(persevere) 604a; work one's way, fight one's way; lay about one, hammer
at.
take pains; do one's best, do one's level best, do one's utmost; give
one hundred percent, do the best one can, do all one can, do all in one's
power, do as much as in one lies, do what lies in one's power; use one's
best endeavor, use one's utmost endeavor; try one's best, try one's utmost;
play one's best card; put one's best leg foremost, put one's right leg
foremost; have one's whole soul in his work, put all one's strength into,
strain every nerve; spare no efforts, spare no pains; go all lengths; go
through fire and water &c. (resolution) 604; move heaven and earth, leave
no stone unturned.
Adj. laboring &c. v.
laborious, operose[obs3], elaborate; strained; toilsome, troublesome,
wearisome; uphill; herculean, gymnastic, palestric[obs3].
hard-working, painstaking; strenuous, energetic.
hard at work, on the stretch.
Adv. laboriously &c. adj.; lustily; pugnis et calcibus[Lat]; with
might and main, with all one's might, with a strong hand, with a sledge
hammer, with much ado; to the best of one's abilities, totis viribus[Lat],
vi et armis[Lat], manibus pedibusque[Lat], tooth and nail, unguibus et
rostro[Lat], hammer and tongs, heart and soul; through thick and thin &c.
(perseverance) 604a.
by the sweat of one's brow, suo Marte.
Phr. aide-toi le ciel t'aidera[Fr]; "and still be doing, never done"
[Butler]; buen principio la mitad es hecha [Sp]; cosa ben fatta e' fatta
due volie [It];"it is better to wear out than to rust out" [Bp. Hornel];
labor omnia vincit "labor, wide as the earth, has its summit in Heaven"
[Lat][Vergil][Carlyle]; le travail du corps delivre des peines de l'esprit
[Fr][fr]; manu forti[Lat]; ora et labora[Lat].


#687. Repose. -- N. repose, rest, silken repose; sleep &c. 683.
relaxation, breathing time; halt, stay, pause &c. (cessation) 142;
respite.
day of rest, dies non, Sabbath, Lord's day, holiday, red-letter day,
vacation, recess.
V. repose; rest, rest and be thankful; take a rest, take one's ease,
take it easy.
relax, unbend, slacken; take breath &c. (refresh) 689; rest upon one's
oars; pause &c. (cease) 142; stay one's hand.
lie down; recline, recline on a bed of down, recline on an easy chair;
go to rest, go to bed, go to sleep &c. 683.
take a holiday, shut up shop; lie fallow &c. (inaction) 681.
Adj. reposing &c. v[of people].; relaxed &c. v.; unstrained.
[of materials and people] unstressed.
Adv. at rest.
Phr."the best of men have ever loved repose" [Thompson]; "to repair
our nature with comforting repose" [Henry VIII].

<-- p. 222 -->

#688. Fatigue. -- N. fatigue; weariness &c. 841; yawning, drowsiness
&c. 683; lassitude, tiredness, fatigation|, exhaustion; sweat; dyspnoea.
anhelation, shortness of breath; faintness; collapse, prostration,
swoon, fainting, deliquium[Lat], syncope, lipothymy[obs3]; goneness[obs3].
V. be fatigued &c. adj.; yawn &c. (get sleepy) 683; droop, sink, flag;
lose breath, lose wind; gasp, pant, puff, blow, drop, swoon, faint,
succumb.
fatigue, tire, weary, irk, flag, jade, harass, exhaust, knock up, wear
out, prostrate.
tax, task, strain; overtask, overwork, overburden, overtax,
overstrain.
Adj. fatigued, tired &c. v.; weary &c. 841; drowsy &c. 683; drooping
&c. v.; haggard; toilworn[obs3], wayworn; footsore, surbated|, weather-
beaten; faint; done up, used up, knocked up; bushed * [U.S.]; exhausted,
prostrate, spent; overtired, overspent, overfatigued; unrefreshed[obs3],
unrestored.
worn, worn out; battered, shattered, pulled down, seedy, altered.
breathless, windless; short of breath, out of breath, short of wind;
blown, puffing and blowing; short-breathed; anhelose[obs3]; broken winded,
short-winded; dyspnaeal[obs3], dyspnaeic[obs3].
ready to drop, all in, more dead than alive, dog-weary, walked off
one's legs, tired to death, on one's last legs, played out, hors de
combat[Fr].
fatiguing &c v.; tiresome, irksome, wearisome; weary, trying.

#689. Refreshment. -- N. bracing &c. v.; recovery of strength,
recuperation &c. 159; restoration, revival &c. 660; repair, refection,
refocillation|, refreshment, regalement[obs3], bait; relief &c. 834.
break, spell.
refreshment stand; refreshments; ice cream[list], cold soda, soda
pop, hot dogs (food).
V. brace &c. (strengthen) 159; reinvigorate; air, freshen up,
refresh, recruit; repair &c. (restore) 660; fan, refocillate|; refresh the
inner man.
breathe, respire; drink in the ozone; take a break, take a breather,
take five, draw breath, take a deep breath, take breath, gather breath,
take a long breath, regain breath, recover breath; get better, raise one's
head; recover one's strength, regain one's strength, renew one's strength
&c. 159; perk up, get one's second wind.
come to oneself &c. (revive) 660; feel refreshed, feel like a giant
refreshed.
Adj. refreshing &c v.; recuperative &c. 660.
refreshed &c. v.; untired[obs3], unwearied.

<-- p. 223 -->

#690. Agent.-- N. doer, actor, agent, performer, perpetrator,
operator; executor, executrix; practitioner, worker, stager.
bee, ant, working bee, termite, white ant; laboring oar, servant of
all work, factotum.
workman, artisan; craftsman, handicraftsman; mechanic, operative;
working man; laboring man; demiurgus, hewers of wood and drawers of water,
laborer, navvy[obs3]; hand, man, day laborer, journeyman, charwoman, hack;
mere tool &c. 633; beast of burden, drudge, fag; lumper[obs3], roustabout.
maker, artificer, artist, wright, manufacturer, architect, builder,
mason, bricklayer, smith, forger, Vulcan; carpenter; ganger, platelayer;
blacksmith, locksmith, sailmaker, wheelwright.
machinist, mechanician, engineer.
sempstress[obs3], semstress[obs3], seamstress; needlewoman[obs3],
workwoman; tailor, cordwainer[obs3].
minister &c. (instrument) 631; servant &c. 746; representative &c.
(commissioner) 758, (deputy) 759.
coworker, party to, participator in, particeps criminis[Lat], dramatis
personae[Lat]; personnel.
Phr. quorum pars magna fui [Lat][Vergil]; faber est quisque fortunae
suae [Lat].

#691. Workshop. -- N. workshop, workhouse, workplace, shop, place of
business; manufactory, mill, plant, works, factory; cabinet, studio;
office, branch office bureau, atelier.
hive[specific types of workplace: list], hive of industry; nursery;
hothouse, hotbed; kitchen; mint, forge, loom; dock, dockyard;
alveary[obs3]; armory; laboratory, lab, research institute; refinery;
cannery; power plant; beauty parlor; beehive, bindery, forcing pit,
nailery[obs3], usine[obs3], slip, yard, wharf; foundry, foundery[obs3];
furnace; vineyard.
crucible, alembic, caldron, matrix.
Adj. at work, at the office, at the shop; working.

%
2. Complex Voluntary Action
%

#692. Conduct. -- N. conduct[actions of an individual agent];
behavior; deportment, comportment; carriage, maintien[obs3], demeanor,
guise, bearing, manner, observance.
dealing, transaction &c. (action) 680; business &c. 625.
tactics, game, game plan, policy, polity; generalship, statesmanship,
seamanship; strategy, strategics[obs3]; plan &c. 626.
management; husbandry; housekeeping, housewifery; stewardship; menage;
regime; economy, economics; political economy; government &c. (direction)
693.
execution, manipulation, treatment, campaign, career, life, course,
walk, race, record.
course of conduct, line of conduct, line of action, line of
proceeding; role; process, ways, practice, procedure, modus operandi, MO,
method of operating; method &c., path &c. 627.
V. transact[cause to occur], execute; despatch, dispatch; proceed
with, discharge; carry on, carry through, carry out, carry into effect, put
into effect; work out; go through, get through; enact; put into practice;
do &c. 680; officiate &c. 625.
bear oneself, behave oneself, comport oneself, demean oneself, carry
oneself, conduct oneself, acquit oneself.
run a race, lead a life, play a game; take a course, adopt a course;
steer one's course, shape one's course; play one's paint, play one's cards,
shift for oneself; paddle one's own canoe; bail one's own boat.
conduct; manage, supervise &c. (direct) 693.
participate &c. 680.
deal with, have to do with; treat, handle a case; take steps, take
measures.
Adj. conducting &c. v. strategical, businesslike, practical,
executive.

<-- p. 224 -->

#693. Direction. -- N. direction; management, managery[obs3];
government, gubernation[obs3], conduct, legislation, regulation, guidance;
bossism [U.S.]; legislature; steerage, pilotage; reins, reins of
government; helm, rudder, needle, compass; guiding star, load star, lode
star, pole star; cynosure.
supervision, superintendence; surveillance, oversight; eye of the
master; control, charge; board of control &c. (council) 696; command &c.
(authority) 737.
premiership, senatorship; director &c. 694; chair, portfolio.
statesmanship; statecraft, kingcraft[obs3], queencraft[obs3].
ministry, ministration; administration; stewardship,
proctorship[obs3]; agency.
[person who directs] director &c. 694.
V. direct, manage, govern, conduct; order, prescribe, cut out work
for; bead, lead; lead the way, show the way; take the lead, lead on;
regulate, guide, steer, pilot; tackle
[intransitive] take the helm, be at the helm; have the reins, handle
the reins, hold the reins, take the reins; drive, tool.
superintend, supervise; overlook, control, keep in order, look after,
see to, legislate for; administer, ministrate[obs3]; matronize[obs3]; have
the care of, have the charge of; be in charge of, have charge of, take the
direction; boss, boss one around; pull the strings, pull the wires; rule
&c. (command) 737; have the direction, hold office, hold the portfolio;
preside, preside at the board; take the chair, occupy the chair, be in the
chair; pull the stroke oar.
Adj. directing &c. v.; hegemonic.
Adv. at the helm, at the head of.

#694. Director. -- N. director, manager, governor, rector,
comptroller.
superintendent, supervisor, straw boss.
intendant; overseer, overlooker[obs3]; supercargo[obs3], husband,
inspector, visitor, ranger, surveyor, aedile[obs3]; moderator, monitor,
taskmaster; master &c. 745; leader, ringleader, demagogue, corypheus,
conductor, fugleman[obs3], precentor[obs3], bellwether, agitator;
caporal[obs3], choregus[obs3], collector, file leader, flugelman[obs3],
linkboy[obs3].
guiding star &c. (guidance) 693; adviser &c. 695; guide &c.
(information) 527; pilot; helmsman; steersman, steermate[obs3]; wire-
puller.
driver, whip, Jehu, charioteer; coachman, carman, cabman; postilion,
vetturino[obs3], muleteer, arriero[obs3], teamster; whipper in.
head, head man, head center, boss; principal, president, speaker;
chair, chairman, chairwoman, chairperson; captain &c. (master) 745;
superior; mayor &c. (civil authority) 745; vice president, prime minister,
premier, vizier, grand vizier, eparch[obs3].
officer, functionary, minister, official, red-tapist[obs3],
bureaucrat; man in office, Jack in office; office bearer; person in
authority &c. 745.
statesman, strategist, legislator, lawgiver, politician, statist|!,
statemonger[obs3]; Minos, Draco; arbiter &c. (judge) 967; boss [U.S.],
political dictator.
board &c. (council) 696.
secretary, secretary of state; Reis Effendi; vicar &c. (deputy) 759;
steward, factor; agent &c. 758; bailiff, middleman; foreman, clerk of
works; landreeve[obs3]; factotum, major-domo[obs3], seneschal, housekeeper,
shepherd, croupier; proctor, procurator.
Adv. ex officio.

#695. Advice. -- N. advice, counsel, adhortation|; word to the wise;
suggestion, submonition|, recommendation, advocacy; advisement.
exhortation &c. (persuasion) 615; expostulation &c. (dissuasion) 616;
admonition &c. (warning) 668; guidance &c. (direction) 693.
instruction, charge, injunction, obtestation[obs3]; Governor's
message, President's message; King's message, Queen's speech; message,
speech from the throne.
adviser, prompter; counsel, counselor; monitor, mentor, Nestor, magnus
Apollo[Lat][obs3], senator; teacher &c. 540.
guide, manual, chart &c. (information) 527.
physician, doctor, leech|!, archiater[obs3].
arbiter &c. (judge) 967.
reference, referment[obs3]; consultation, conference, pourparler.
V. advise, counsel; give advice, give counsel, give a piece of
advice[Fr]; suggest, prompt, submonish[obs3], recommend, prescribe,
advocate; exhort &c. (persuade) 615.
enjoin, enforce, charge, instruct, call; call upon &c. (request) 765;
dictate.
expostulate &c. (dissuade) 616; admonish &c. (warn) 668.
advise with; lay heads together, consult together; compare notes; hold
a council, deliberate, be closeted with.
confer, consult, refer to, call in; take advice, follow advice; be
advised by, have at one's elbow, take one's cue from.
Adj. recommendatory; hortative &c. (persuasive) 615; dehortatory &c.
(dissuasive) 616[obs3]; admonitory &c. (warning) 668.
Int. go to!
Phr. "give every man thine ear but few thy voice" [Hamlet]; "I pray
thee cease thy counsel" [Much Ado About Nothing]; "my guide, philosopher,
and friend" [Pope]; "'twas good advice and meant, my son be good" [Crabbe];
verbum sat sapienti [Latin: a word to the wise is sufficient]; vive memor
leti[Lat]; "we, ask advice but we mean approbation" [Colton].

<-- p. 225 -->

#696. Council. -- N. council, committee, subcommittee, comitia[Lat],
court, chamber, cabinet, board, bench, staff.
senate, senatus[Lat], parliament, chamber of deputies, directory,
reichsrath[Ger], rigsdag, cortes[Sp], storthing[obs3], witenagemote[obs3],
junta, divan, musnud[obs3], sanhedrim; classis[obs3]; Amphictyonic
council[obs3]; duma[Russ], house of representatives; legislative assembly,
legislative council; riksdag[obs3], volksraad[Ger], witan[obs3],
caput[obs3], consistory, chapter, syndicate; court of appeal &c. (tribunal)
966; board of control, board of works; vestry; county council, local board.
audience chamber, council chamber, state chamber.
cabinet council, privy council; cockpit, convocation, synod, congress,
convention, diet, states-general.
[formal gathering of members of a council: script] assembly, caucus,
conclave, clique, conventicle; meeting, sitting, seance, conference,
convention, exhibition, session, palaver, pourparler, durbar[obs3], house;
quorum; council fire [N.Am.], powwow [U.S.], primary [U.S.].
meeting, assemblage &c. 72.
[person who is member of a council] member; senator; member of
parliament, M.P.; councilor, representative of the people; assemblyman,
congressman; councilman, councilwoman, alderman, freeholder.
V. assemble, gather together, meet (assemblage) 72; confer, caucus,
hold council; huddle [coll.].
Adj. senatorial, curule[obs3]; congressional, parliamentary;
legislative, law-making; regulatory; deliberative.

#697. Precept. -- N. precept, direction, instruction, charge;
prescript, prescription; recipe, receipt; golden rule; maxim &c. 496.
rule, canon, law, code, corpus juris[Lat], lex scripta[Lat], act,
statute, rubric, stage direction, regulation; form, formula, formulary;
technicality; canon law; norm.
order &c. (command) 741.

#698. Skill. -- N. skill, skillfulness, address; dexterity,
dexterousness; adroitness, expertness &c. adj.; proficiency, competence,
technical competence, craft, callidity[obs3], facility, knack, trick,
sleight; mastery, mastership, excellence, panurgy[obs3]; ambidexterity,
ambidextrousness[obs3]; sleight of hand &c. (deception) 545.
seamanship, airmanship, marksmanship, horsemanship; rope-dancing.
accomplishment, acquirement, attainment; art, science; technicality,
technology; practical knowledge, technical knowledge.
knowledge of the world, world wisdom, savoir faire[Fr]; tact; mother
wit &c. (sagacity) 498; discretion &c. *(caution) 864; finesse; craftiness
&c. (cunning) 702; management &c. (conduct) 692; self-help.
cleverness, talent, ability, ingenuity, capacity, parts, talents,
faculty, endowment, forte, turn, gift, genius; intelligence &c. 498;
sharpness, readiness &c. (activity) 682; invention &c. 515; aptness,
aptitude; turn for, capacity for, genius for; felicity, capability, curiosa
felicitas[Lat], qualification, habilitation.
proficient &c. 700.
masterpiece, coup de maitre[Fr], chef d'euvre[Fr], tour de force; good
stroke &c. (plan) 626.
V. be skillful &c. adj.; excel in, be master of; have a turn for &c.
n.
know what's what, know a hawk from a handsaw, know what one is about,
know on which side one's bread is buttered, know what's o'clock; have cut
one's eye teeth, have cut one's wisdom teeth.
see one's way, see where the wind lies, see which way the wind blows;
have all one's wits about one, have one's hand in; savoir vivre[Fr]; scire
quid valeant humeri quid ferre recusent[Lat][obs3].
look after the main chance; cut one's coat according to one's cloth;
live by one's wits; exercise one's discretion, feather the oar, sail near
the wind; stoop to conquer &c. (cunning) 702; play one's cards well, play
one's best card; hit the right nail on the head, put the saddle on the
right horse.
take advantage of, make the most of; profit by &e. (use) 677; make a
hit &c. (succeed) 731; make a virtue of necessity; make hay while the sun
shines &c. (occasion) 134.
Adj. skillful, dexterous, adroit, expert, apt, handy, quick, deft,
ready, gain; slick, smart &c. (active) 682; proficient, good at, up to, at
home in, master of, a good hand at, au fait, thoroughbred, masterly, crack,
accomplished; conversant &c. (knowing) 490.
experienced, practiced, skilled, hackneyed; up in, well up in; in
practice, in proper cue; competent, efficient, qualified, capable, fitted,
fit for, up to the mark, trained, initiated, prepared, primed, finished.
clever, cute, able, ingenious, felicitous, gifted, talented, endowed;
inventive &c. 515; shrewd, sharp, on the ball &c. (intelligent) 498;
cunning &c. 702; alive to, up to snuff, not to be caught with chaff;
discreet.
neat-handed, fine-fingered, nimble-fingered, ambidextrous, sure-
footed; cut out for, fitted for.
technical, artistic, scientific, daedalian[obs3], shipshape; workman-
like, business-like, statesman-like.
Adv. skillfully &c. adj.; well &c. 618; artistically; with skill,
with consummate skill; secundum artem[Lat], suo Marte; to the best of one's
abilities &c. (exertion) 686.
Phr. ars celare artem[Lat]; artes honorabit[Lat]; celui qui veut
celui-la peut[Fr]; c'est une grande habilite que de savoir cacher
sonhabilite[Fr]; expertus metuit [Lat][Horace]; es bildet ein Talent sich
in der Stille sich ein Charakter in dem Strom der Welt[Ger]; "heart to
conceive the understanding to direct, or the hand to execute" [Junius]; if
you have lemons, make lemonade.

<-- p. 226 -->

#699. Unskillfulness. -- N. unskillfulness &c. adj.; want of skill &c.
698; incompetence, incompentency[obs3]; inability, infelicity,
indexterity[obs3], inexperience; disqualification, unproficiency[obs3];
quackery.
folly, stupidity &c. 499; indiscretion &c. (rashness) 863;
thoughtlessness &c. (inattention) 458 (neglect) 460; sabotage.
mismanagement, misconduct; impolicy[obs3]; maladministration; misrule,
misgovernment, misapplication, misdirection, misfeasance; petticoat
government.
absence of rule, rule of thumb; bungling &c. v.; failure &c. 732;
screw loose; too many cooks.
blunder &c. (mistake) 495; etourderie gaucherie[Fr], act of folly,
balourdise[obs3]; botch, botchery[obs3]; bad job, sad work.
sprat sent out to catch a whale, much ado about nothing, wild-goose
chase.
bungler &c. 701; fool &c. 501.
V. be unskillful &c. adj.; not see an inch beyond one's nose; blunder,
bungle, boggle, fumble, botch, bitch, flounder, stumble, trip; hobble &c.
275; put one's foot in it; make a mess of, make hash of, make sad work of;
overshoot the mark.
play tricks with, play Puck, mismanage, misconduct, misdirect,
misapply, missend.
stultify oneself, make a fool of oneself, commit oneself; act
foolishly; play the fool; put oneself out of court; lose control, lose
control of oneself, lose one's head, lose one's cunning.
begin at the wrong end; do things by halves &c. (not complete) 730;
make two bites of a cherry; play at cross purposes; strain at a gnat and
swallow a camel &c. (caprice) 608; put the cart before the horse; lock the
stable door when the horse is stolen &c. (too late) 135.
not know what one is about, not know one's own interest, not know on
which side one's bread is buttered; stand in one's own light, quarrel with
one's bread and butter, throw a stone in one's own garden, kill the goose
which lays the golden eggs, pay dear for one's whistle, cut one's own
throat, bum one's fingers; knock one's head against a stone wall, beat
one's head against a stone wall; fall into a trap, catch a Tartar, bring
the house about one's ears; have too many eggs in one basket (imprudent)
863, have too many irons in the fire.
mistake &c. 495; take the shadow for the substance &c. (credulity)
486; bark up the wrong tree; be in the wrong box, aim at a pigeon and kill
a crow; take the wrong pig by the tail, get the wrong pig by the tail, get
the wrong sow by the ear, get the dirty end of the stick; put the saddle on
the wrong horse, put a square peg into a round hole, put new wine into old
bottles.
cut blocks with a razor; hold a farthing candle to the sun &c.
(useless) 645; fight with a shadow, grasp at a shadow; catch at straws,
lean on a broken reed, reckon without one's host, pursue a wild goose
chase; go on a fool's goose chase, sleeveless errand; go further and fare
worse; lose one's way, miss one's way; fail &c. 732.
Adj. unskillful &c. 698; inexpert; bungling &c.v.; awkward, clumsy,
unhandy, lubberly, gauche, maladroit; left-handed, heavy-handed; slovenly,
slatternly; gawky.
adrift, at fault.
inapt, unapt; inhabile[Fr]; untractable[obs3], unteachable; giddy &c.
(inattentive) 458; inconsiderate &c. (neglectful) 460; stupid &c. 499;
inactive &c. 683; incompetent; unqualified, disqualified, ill-qualified;
unfit; quackish; raw, green, inexperienced, rusty, out of practice.
unaccustomed, unused, untrained &c. 537, uninitiated, unconversant &c.
(ignorant) 491[obs3]; shiftless; unstatesmanlike.
unadvised; ill-advised, misadvised; ill-devised, ill-imagined, ill-
judged, ill-contrived, ill-conducted; unguided, misguided; misconducted,
foolish, wild; infelicitous; penny wise and pound foolish &c.
(inconsistent) 608.
Phr. one's fingers being all thumbs; the right hand forgets its
cunning; il se noyerait dans une goutte d'eau[Fr]; incidit in Scyllam qui
vult vitare Charybdim[Lat]; out of the frying pan into the fire; non omnia
possumus omnes [Lat][Vergil].

<-- p. 227 -->

#700. Proficient. -- N. proficient, expert, adept, dab; dabster[obs3],
crackerjack; connoisseur &c. (scholar) 492; master, master hand; prima
donna[Sp], first fiddle, top gun, chef de cuisine, top sawyer;
protagonist; past master; mahatma.
picked man; medallist, prizeman[obs3].
veteran; old stager, old campaigner, old soldier, old file, old hand;
man of business, man of the world.
nice hand, good hand, clean hand; practiced hand, experienced eye,
experienced hand; marksman; good shot, dead shot, crack shot; ropedancer,
funambulist[obs3], acrobat; cunning man; conjuror &c. (deceiver) 548;
wizard &c. 994.
genius; mastermind, master head, master spirit.
cunning blade, sharp blade, sharp fellow; jobber; cracksman &c.
(thief) 792[obs3]; politician, tactician, strategist.
pantologist[obs3], admirable Crichton, Jack of all trades; prodigy of
learning.


#701. Bungler. -- N. bungler; blunderer, blunderhead[obs3]; marplot,
fumbler, lubber, duffer, dauber, stick; bad hand, poor hand, poor shot;
butterfingers[obs3].
no conjurer, flat, muff, slow coach, looby[obs3], lubber, swab; clod,
yokel, awkward squad, blanc-bec; galoot[obs3].
land lubber; fresh water sailor, fair weather sailor; horse marine;
fish out of water, ass in lion's skin, jackdaw in peacock's feathers; quack
&c. (deceiver) 548; lord of misrule.
sloven, slattern, trapes[obs3].
amateur, novice, greenhorn (learner) 541.
Phr. il n'a pas invente' la poudre[Fr]; he will never set the Thames
on fire; acierta errando[Lat]; aliquis in omnibus nullus in
singulis[Lat][obs3].

#702. Cunning. -- N. cunning, craft; cunningness[obs3], craftiness &c.
adj.; subtlety, artificiality; maneuvering &c. v.; temporization;
circumvention.
chicane, chicanery; sharp practice, knavery, jugglery[obs3];
concealment &c. 528; guile, doubling, duplicity &c. (falsehood) 544; foul
play.
diplomacy, politics; Machiavelism; jobbery, backstairs influence.
art, artifice; device, machination; plot &c. (plan) 626; maneuver,
stratagem, dodge, sidestep, artful dodge, wile; trick, trickery &c.
(deception) 545; ruse, ruse de guerre[Fr]; finesse, side blow, thin end of
the wedge, shift, go by, subterfuge, evasion; white lie &c (untruth) 546;
juggle, tour de force; tricks of the trade, tricks upon travelers;
espieglerie[Fr]; net, trap &c. 545.
Ulysses, Machiavel, sly boots, fox, reynard; Scotchman; Jew, Yankee;
intriguer, intrigant[obs3]; floater [U.S.], Indian giver [U.S.], keener
[U.S.], repeater [U.S. politics].
V. be cunning &c. adj.; have cut one's eyeteeth; contrive &c (plan)
626; live by one's wits; maneuver; intrigue, gerrymander, finesse, double,
temporize, stoop to conquer, reculer pour mieux sauter[Fr], circumvent,
steal a march upon; overreach &c. 545; throw off one's guard; surprise &c.
508; snatch a verdict; waylay, undermine, introduce the thin end of the
wedge; play a deep game, play tricks with; ambiguas in vulgum spargere
voces[Lat]; flatter, make things pleasant; have an ax to grind.
dodge, sidestep, bob and weave.
Adj. cunning, crafty, artful; skillful &c. 698; subtle, feline,
vulpine; cunning as a fox, cunning as a serpent; deep, deep laid; profound;
designing, contriving; intriguing &c.v.; strategic, diplomatic, politic,
Machiavelian, timeserving[obs3]; artificial; tricky, tricksy[obs3]; wily,
sly, slim, insidious, stealthy; underhand &c (hidden) 528; subdolous[obs3];
deceitful &c. 545; slippery as an eel, evasive &c. 623; crooked; arch,
pawky[obs3], shrewd, acute; sharp, sharp as a tack, sharp as a needle|!;
canny, astute, leery, knowing, up to snuff, too clever by half, not to be
caught with chaff.
tactful, diplomatic, politic; polite &c. 894.
Adv. cunningly &c. adj.; slyly, slily[obs3], on the sly, by a side
wind.
Phr. diamond cut diamond; a' bis ou a blanc[Fr][obs3]; fin contre
fin[Fr]; "something is rotten in the state of Denmark" [Hamlet].

<-- p. 228 -->

#703. Artlessness. -- N. artlessness &c. adj; nature, simplicity;
innocence &c. 946; bonhomie, naivete, abandon, candor, sincerity;
singleness of purpose, singleness of heart; honesty &c. 939; plain
speaking; epanchement[Fr].
rough diamond, matter of fact man; le palais de verite[Fr]; enfant
terrible[Fr].
V. be artless &c. adj; look one in the face; wear one's heart upon his
sleeves for daws to peck at[obs3]; think aloud; speak out, speak one's
mind; be free with one, call a spade a spade.
Adj. artless, natural, pure, native, confiding, simple, lain,
inartificial[obs3], untutored, unsophisticated, ingenu[obs3], unaffected,
naive; sincere, frank; open, open as day; candid, ingenuous, guileless;
unsuspicious, honest &c. 939; innocent &c. 946; Arcadian[obs3];
undesigning, straightforward, unreserved, aboveboard; simple-minded,
single-minded; frank-hearted, open-hearted, single-hearted, simple-hearted.
free-spoken, plain-spoken, outspoken; blunt, downright, direct, matter
of fact, unpoetical[obs3]; unflattering.
Adv. in plain words, in plain English; without mincing the matter; not
to mince the matter &c. (affirmation) 535.
Phr. Davus sum non Oedipus [Terence]; liberavi animam meam[Lat]; "as
frank as rain on cherry blossoms" [E.B. Browning].


%
Section IV. ANTAGONISM

1. Conditional Antagonism
%

#704. Difficulty. -- N. difficulty; hardness &c. adj.;
impracticability &c. (impossibility) 471; tough work, hard work, uphill
work; hard task, Herculean task, Augean task[obs3]; task of Sisyphus,
Sisyphean labor, tough job, teaser, rasper[obs3], dead lift.
dilemma, embarrassment; deadlock; perplexity &c. (uncertainty) 475;
intricacy; entanglement, complexity &c. 59; cross fire; awkwardness,
delicacy, ticklish card to play, knot, Gordian knot, dignus vindice
nodus[Lat], net, meshes, maze; coil &c. (convolution) 248; crooked path;
involvement.
nice point, delicate point, subtle point, knotty point; vexed
question, vexata quaestio[Lat], poser; puzzle &c. (riddle) 533; paradox;
hard nut to crack, nut to crack; bone to pick,
crux, pons asinorum[Lat], where the shoe pinches.
nonplus, quandary, strait, pass, pinch, pretty pass, stress, brunt;
critical situation, crisis; trial, rub, emergency, exigency, scramble.
scrape, hobble, slough, quagmire, hot water, hornet's nest; sea of
troubles, peck of troubles; pretty kettle of fish; pickle, stew, imbroglio,
mess, ado; false position.
set fast, stand, standstill; deadlock, dead set.
fix, horns of a dilemma, cul de sac[Fr]; hitch; stumbling block &c
(hindrance) 706.
[difficult person] crab; curmudgeon.
V. be difficult &c. adj.; run one hard, go against the grain, try
one's patience, put one out; put to one's shifts, put to one's wit's end;
go hard with one, try one; pose, perplex &c. (uncertain) 475; bother,
nonplus, gravel, bring to a deadlock; be impossible &c. 471; be in the way
of &c (hinder) 706.
meet with difficulties; labor under difficulties; get into
difficulties; plunge into difficulties; struggle with difficulties; contend
with difficulties; grapple with difficulties; labor under a disadvantage;
be in difficulty &c. adj.
fish in troubled waters, buffet the waves, swim against the stream,
scud under bare poles.
Have much ado with, have a hard time of it; come to the push, come to
the pinch; bear the brunt.
grope in the dark, lose one's way, weave a tangled web, walk among
eggs.
get into a scrape &c. n.; bring a hornet's nest about one's ears; be
put to one's shifts; flounder, boggle, struggle; not know which way to turn
&c. (uncertain) 475; perdre son Latin[Fr]; stick at, stick in the mud,
stick fast; come to a stand, come to a standstill, come to a deadlock; hold
the wolf by the ears, hold the tiger by the tail.
render difficult &c. adj.; enmesh, encumber, embarrass, ravel,
entangle; put a spoke in the wheel &c. (hinder) 706; lead a pretty dance.
Adj. difficult, not easy, hard, tough; troublesome, toilsome, irksome;
operose[obs3], laborious, onerous, arduous, Herculean, formidable; sooner
said than done; more easily said than done, easier said than done.
[pertaining to person's disposition sensu 802] difficult to deal with,
hard to deal with; ill-conditioned, crabbed, crabby; not to be handled with
kid gloves, not made with rose water.
awkward, unwieldy, unmanageable; intractable, stubborn &c. (obstinate)
606; perverse, refractory, plaguy[obs3], trying, thorny, rugged; knotted,
knotty; invious|; pathless, trackless; labyrinthine &c (convoluted) 248;
intricate, complicated &c (tangled) 59; impracticable &c. (impossible) 471;
not feasible &c. 470; desperate &c. (hopeless) 859.
embarrassing, perplexing &c. (uncertain) 475; delicate, ticklish,
critical; beset with difficulties, full of difficulties, surrounded by
difficulties, entangled by difficulties, encompassed with difficulties.
under a difficulty; in a box; in difficulty, in hot water, in the
suds, in a cleft stick, in a fix, in the wrong box, in a scrape &c.n., in
deep water, in a fine pickle; in extremis; between two stools, between
Scylla and Charybdis; surrounded by shoals, surrounded by breakers,
surrounded by quicksands; at cross purposes; not out of the wood.
reduced to straits; hard pressed, sorely pressed; run hard; pinched,
put to it, straitened; hard up, hard put to it, hard set; put to one's
shifts; puzzled, at a loss, &c (uncertain) 475; at the end of one's tether,
at the end of one's rope, at one's wit's end, at a nonplus, at a
standstill; graveled, nonplused, nonplussed, stranded, aground; stuck fast,
set fast; up a tree, at bay, aux abois[Fr], driven into a corner, driven
from pillar to post, driven to extremity, driven to one's wit's end, driven
to the wall; au bout de son Latin; out of one's depth; thrown out.
accomplished with difficulty; hard-fought, hard-earned.
Adv. with difficulty, with much ado; barely, hardly &c. adj.; uphill;
against the stream, against the grain; d rebours[Fr]; invita Minerva[Lat];
in the teeth of; at a pinch, upon a pinch; at long odds, against long odds.
Phr. "ay there's the rub" [Hamlet]; hic labor hoc opus [Lat][Vergil];
things are come to a pretty pass, ab inconvenienti[Lat]; ad astra per
aspera[Lat]; acun chemin de fleurs ne conduit a la gloire[Fr].

<-- p. 229 -->

#705. Facility. -- N. facility, ease; easiness &c. adj.; capability;
feasibility &c. (practicability) 470; flexibility, pliancy &c. 324;
smoothness &c. 255.
plain sailing, smooth sailing, straight sailing; mere child's play,
holiday task; cinch [U.S.].
smooth water, fair wind; smooth royal road; clear coast, clear stage;
tabula rasa[Lat]; full play &c. (freedom) 748.
disencumbrance[obs3], disentanglement; deoppilation|!; permission &c.
760.
simplicity, lack of complication.
V. be easy &c. adj.; go on smoothly, run smoothly; have full play &c.
n.; go on all fours, run on all fours; obey the helm, work well.
flow with the stream, swim with the stream, drift with the stream, go
with the stream, flow with the tide, drift with the tide; see one's way;
have all one's own way, have the game in one's own hands; walk over the
course, win at a canter; make light of, make nothing of, make no bones of.
be at home in, make it look easy, do it with one's eyes closed, do it
in one's sleep &c. (skillful) 698.
render easy &c. adj.; facilitate, smooth, ease; popularize; lighten,
lighten the labor; free, clear; disencumber, disembarrass, disentangle,
disengage; deobstruct[obs3], unclog, extricate, unravel; untie the knot,
cut the knot; disburden, unload, exonerate, emancipate, free from,
deoppilate|!; humor &c. (aid) 707; lubricate &c. 332; relieve &c. 834.
leave a hole to creep out of, leave a loophole, leave the matter open;
give the reins to, give full play, give full swing; make way for; open the
door to, open the way, prepare the ground, smooth the ground, clear the
ground, open the way, open the path, open the road; pave the way, bridge
over; permit &c. 760.
Adj. easy, facile; feasible &c (practicable) 470; easily managed,
easily accomplished; within reach, accessible, easy of access, for the
million, open to.
manageable, wieldy; towardly[obs3], tractable; submissive; yielding,
ductile; suant[obs3]; pliant &c. (soft) 324; glib, slippery; smooth &c.
255; on friction wheels, on velvet.
unembarrassed, disburdened, unburdened, disencumbered, unencumbered,
disembarrassed; exonerated; unloaded, unobstructed, untrammeled;
unrestrained &c. (free) 748; at ease, light.
[able to do easily] at home with; quite at home; in one's element, in
smooth water; skillful &c. 698;accustomed &c. 613.
Adv. easily &c. adj.; readily, smoothly, swimmingly, on easy terms,
single-handed.
Phr. touch and go.

<-- p. 230 -->

#706. Hindrance. -- N. prevention, preclusion, obstruction, stoppage;
embolus, embolism [medical]; infarct [medical]; interruption,
interception, interclusion|; hindrance, impedition|; retardment[obs3],
retardation; embarrassment, oppilation|!; coarctation[obs3], stricture,
restriction; restraint &c. 751; inhibition &c. 761; blockade &c. (closure)
261.
interference, interposition; obtrusion; discouragement,
discountenance.
impediment, let, obstacle, obstruction, knot, knag[obs3]; check,
hitch, contretemps, screw loose, grit in the oil.
bar, stile, barrier;
[barrier to vehicles] turnstile, turnpike; gate, portcullis.
beaver dam; trocha[obs3]; barricade &c. (defense) 717; wall, dead
wall, sea wall, levee breakwater, groyne[obs3]; bulkhead, block, buffer;
stopper &c. 263; boom, dam, weir, burrock[obs3].
drawback, objection; stumbling-block, stumbling-stone; lion in the
path, snag; snags and sawyers.
encumbrance, incumbrance[obs3]; clog, skid, shoe, spoke; drag, drag
chain, drag weight; stay, stop; preventive, prophylactic; load, burden,
fardel[obs3], onus, millstone round one's neck, impedimenta; dead weight;
lumber, pack; nightmare, Ephialtes[obs3], incubus, old man of the sea;
remora.
difficulty &c. 704; insuperable &c. 471; obstacle; estoppel [Law]; ill
wind; head wind &c. (opposition) 708; trammel, tether &c. (means of
restraint) 752; hold back, counterpoise.
[person who hinders] damper, wet blanket, hinderer, marplot, killjoy;
party pooper[coll]; party crasher, interloper.
trail of a red herring; opponent &c. 710.
V. hinder, impede, filibuster [U.S.], impedite[obs3], embarrass.
keep off, stave off, ward off; obviate; avert, antevert|; turn aside,
draw off, prevent, forefend, nip in the bud; retard, slacken, check, let;
counteract, countercheck[obs3]; preclude, debar, foreclose, estop[Law];
inhibit &c. 761; shackle &c. (restrain) 751; restrict.
obstruct, stop, stay, bar, bolt, lock; block, block up; choke off;
belay, barricade; block the way, bar the way, stop the way; forelay[obs3];
dam up &c. (close) 261; put on the brake &c. n.; scotch the wheel, lock the
wheel, put a spoke in the wheel; put a stop to &c. 142; traverse,
contravene; interrupt, intercept; oppose &c. 708; hedge in, hedge round;
cut off; inerclude|.
interpose, interfere, intermeddle &c. 682.
cramp, hamper; clog, clog the wheels; cumber; encumber, incumber;
handicap; choke; saddle with, load with; overload, lay; lumber, trammel,
tie one's hands, put to inconvenience; incommode, discommode; discompose;
hustle, corner, drive into a corner.
run foul of, fall foul of; cross the path of, break in upon.
thwart, frustrate, disconcert, balk, foil; faze, feaze[obs3], feeze
[obs3][U.S.]; baffle, snub, override, circumvent; defeat &c. 731; spike
guns &c. (render useless) 645; spoil, mar, clip the wings of; cripple &c.
(injure) 659; put an extinguisher on; damp; dishearten &c (dissuade) 616;
discountenance, throw cold water on, spoil sport; lay a wet blanket, throw
a wet blanket on; cut the ground from under one, take the wind out of one's
sails, undermine; be in the way of, stand in the way of; act as a drag;
hang like a millstone round one's neck.
Adj. hindering &c. v.; obstructive, obstruent[obs3]; impeditive[obs3],
impedient[obs3]; intercipient|; prophylactic &c. (remedial) 662;
impedimentary.
in the way of, unfavorable; onerous, burdensome; cumbrous, cumbersome;
obtrusive.
hindered &c v.; windbound[obs3], waterlogged, heavy laden; hard
pressed.
unassisted &c. (see assist &c. 707); single-handed, alone; deserted
&c. 624.
Phr. occurrent nubes[Lat].

<-- p. 231 -->

#707. Aid. -- N. aid, aidance[obs3]; assistance, help, opitulation|,
succor; support, lift, advance, furtherance, promotion; coadjuvancy &c.
(cooperation) 709[obs3].
patronage, championship, countenance, favor, interest, advocacy.
sustentation, subvention, alimentation, nutrition, nourishment;
eutrophy; manna in the wilderness; food &c. 298; means &c. 632.
ministry, ministration; subministration[obs3]; accommodation.
relief, rescue; help at a dead lift; supernatural aid; deus ex
machina[Lat].
supplies, reinforcements, reenforcements[obs3], succors, contingents,
recruits; support &c. (physical) 215; adjunct, ally &c. (helper) 711.
V. aid, assist, help, succor, lend one's aid; come to the aid &c. n.
of; contribute, subscribe to; bring aid, give aid, furnish aid, afford aid,
supply aid &c. n.; give a helping hand, stretch a hand, lend a helping
hand, lend a hand, bear a helping hand, hold out a hand, hold out a helping
hand; give one a life, give one a cast, give one a turn; take by the hand,
take in tow; help a lame dog over a stile, lend wings to.
relieve, rescue; set up, set agoing[obs3], set on one's legs; bear
through, pull through; give new life to, be the making of; reinforce,
reenforce, recruit; set forward, put forward, push forward; give a lift,
give a shove, give an impulse to; promote, further, forward, advance
expedite, speed, quicken, hasten.
support, sustain, uphold, prop, hold up, bolster.
cradle, nourish; nurture, nurse, dry nurse, suckle, put out to nurse;
manure, cultivate, force; foster, cherish, foment; feed the flame, fan the
flame.
serve; do service to, tender to, pander to; administer to, subminister
to[obs3], minister to; tend, attend, wait on; take care of &c. 459;
entertain; smooth the bed of death.
oblige, accommodate, consult the wishes of; humor, cheer, encourage.
second, stand by; back, back up; pay the piper, abet; work for, make
interest for, stick up for, take up the cudgels for; take up the cause of,
espouse the cause of, adopt the cause of; advocate, beat up for recruits,
press into the service; squire, give moral support to, keep in countenance,
countenance, patronize; lend oneself to, lend one's countenance to; smile
upon, shine upon; favor, befriend, take in hand, enlist under the banners
of; side with &c. (cooperate) 709.
be of use to; subserve &c. (instrument) 631; benefit &c. 648; render a
service &c. (utility) 644; conduce &c. (tend) 176.
Adj. aiding &c. v.; auxiliary, adjuvant, helpful; coadjuvant &c.
709[obs3]; subservient, ministrant, ancillary, accessory, subsidiary.
at one's beck, at one's beck and call; friendly, amicable, favorable,
propitious, well-disposed; neighborly; obliging &c. (benevolent) 906.
Adv. with the aid, by the aid &c. of; on behalf of, in behalf of; in
aid of, in the service of, in the name of, in favor of, in furtherance of;
on account of; for the sake of, on the part of; non obstante[Lat].
Int. help! save us! to the rescue!
Phr. alterum alterius auxilio eget [Lat][Sallust]; "God befriend us as
our cause is just" [Henry IV]; at your service.

<-- p. 232 -->

#708. Opposition. -- N.. opposition, antagonism; oppugnancy[obs3],
oppugnation[obs3]; impugnation|!; contrariety; contravention; counteraction
&c. 179; counterplot.
cross fire, undercurrent, head wind.
clashing, collision, conflict.
competition, two of a trade, rivalry, emulation, race.
absence of aid &c. 708; resistance &c. 719; restraint &c. 751;
hindrance &c. 706.
V. oppose, counteract, run counter to; withstand &c. (resist) 719;
control &c. (restrain) 751; hinder &c. 706; antagonize, oppugn, fly in the
face of, go dead against, kick against, fall afoul of, run afoul of; set
against, pit against; face, confront, cope with; make a stand, make a dead
set against; set oneself against, set one's face against; protest against,
vote against, raise one's voice against; disfavor, turn one's back upon;
set at naught, slap in the face, slam the door in one's face.
be at cross purposes; play at cross purposes; counterwork[obs3],
countermine; thwart, overthwart[obs3]; work against, undermine.
stem, breast, encounter; stem the tide, breast the tide, stem the
current, stem the flood; buffet the waves; beat up against, make head
against; grapple with; kick against the pricks &c. (resist) 719; contend
&c. 720; do battle &c. (warfare) 722 -with, do battle against.
contradict, contravene; belie; go against, run against, beat against,
militate against; come in conflict with.
emulate &c. (compete) 720; rival, spoil one's trade.
Adj. opposing, opposed &c.v.; adverse, antagonistic; contrary &c. 14;
at variance &c. 24; at issue, at war with.
unfavorable, unfriendly; hostile, inimical, cross, unpropitious.
in hostile array, front to front, with crossed bayonets, at daggers
drawn; up in arms; resistant &c. 719.
competitive, emulous.
Adv. against, versus, counter to, in conflict with, at cross purposes.
against the grain, against the current, against the stream, against
the wind, against the tide; with a headwind; with the wind ahead, with the
wind in one's teeth.
in spite, in despite, in defiance; in the way, in the teeth of, in the
face of; across; athwart, overthwart[obs3]; where the shoe pinches; in
spite of one's teeth.
though &c. 30; even; quand meme[Fr]; per contra.
Phr. nitor in adversum[Lat].

#709. Cooperation. -- N. cooperation; coadjuvancy[obs3],
coadjutancy[obs3]; coagency[obs3], coefficiency[obs3]; concert,
concurrence, complicity, participation; union &c. 43; additivity,
combination &c. 48; collusion.
association, alliance, colleagueship[obs3],
joint stock, copartnership[obs3]; cartel; confederation &c. (party)
712; coalition, fusion; a long pull a strong pull and a pull all together;
logrolling, freemasonry.
unanimity &c. (assent) 488; esprit de corps, party spirit;
clanship[obs3], partisanship; concord &c 714.
synergy, coaction[obs3].
V. cooperate, concur; coact[obs3], synergize.
conduce &c. 178; combine, unite one's efforts; keep together, draw
together, pull together, club together, hand together, hold together,
league together, band together, be banded together; pool; stand shoulder to
shoulder, put shoulder to shoulder; act in concert, join forces,
fraternize, cling to one another, conspire, concert, lay one's heads
together; confederate, be in league with; collude, understand one another,
play into the hands of, hunt in couples.
side with, take side with, go along with, go hand in hand with, join
hands with, make common cause with, strike in with, unite with, join with,
mix oneself up with, take part with, cast in one's lot with; join
partnership, enter into partnership with; rally round, follow the lead of;
come to, pass over to, come into the views of; be in the same boat, row in
the same boat; sail in the same boat; sail on the same tack.
be a party to, lend oneself to; chip in; participate; have a hand in,
have a finger in the pie; take part in, bear part in; second &c. (aid) 707;
take the part of, play the game of; espouse a cause, espouse a quarrel.
Adj. cooperating &c. v.; in cooperation &c.n., in league &c. (party)
712; coadjuvant[obs3], coadjutant[obs3]; dyed in the wool; cooperative;
additive; participative; coactive[obs3], synergetic, synergistic.
favorable &c. 707 to; unopposed &c. 708.
Adv. as one &c. (unanimously) 488; shoulder to shoulder;
synergistically; cooperatively.
Phr. due teste valgono piu che una sola [It].

<-- p. 233 -->

#710. Opponent. -- N. opponent, antagonist, adversary; adverse party,
opposition; enemy &c. 891; the other side; assailant.
oppositionist, obstructive; brawler, wrangler, brangler[obs3],
disputant; filibuster [U.S.], obstructionist.
malcontent; Jacobin, Fenian; demagogue, reactionist[obs3].
rival, competitor.
bete noir[Fr].

#711. Auxiliary. -- N. auxiliary; recruit; assistant; adjuvant,
adjutant; ayudante[obs3], coaid[obs3]; adjunct; help, helper, help mate,
helping hand; midwife; colleague, partner, mate, confrere, cooperator;
coadjutor, coadjutrix[obs3]; collaborator.
ally; friend &c. 890, confidant, fidus Achates[Lat][obs3], pal, buddy,
alter ego.
[criminal law] confederate; accomplice; complice; accessory, accessory
after the fact; particeps criminis[Lat]; socius criminis[Lat].
aide-de-camp, secretary, clerk, associate, marshal; right-hand, right-
hand man, Friday, girl Friday, man Friday, gopher, gofer; candle-holder,
bottle-holder; handmaid; servant &c. 746; puppet, cat's-paw, jackal|!.
tool, dupe, stooge, ame damnee[Fr]; satellite, adherent.
votary; sectarian, secretary; seconder, backer, upholder, abettor,
advocate, partisan, champion, patron, friend at court, mediator; angel
[theater, entertainment].
friend in need, Jack at a pinch, deus ex machina[Lat], guardian angel,
tutelary genius.

#712. Party. -- N. party, faction, side, denomination, communion, set,
crew, band. horde, posse, phalanx; family, clan, &c. 166; team; tong.
council &c. 696.
community, body, fellowship, sodality, solidarity; confraternity;
familistere[obs3], familistery[obs3]; brotherhood, sisterhood.
knot, gang, clique, ring, circle, group, crowd, in-crowd; coterie,
club, casino|!; machine; Tammany, Tammany Hall [U.S.].
corporation, corporate body, guild; establishment, company;
copartnership[obs3], partnership; firm, house; joint concern, joint-stock
company; cahoot, combine [U.S.], trust.
society, association; institute, institution; union; trades union;
league, syndicate, alliance, Verein[Ger], Bund[Ger], Zollverein[Ger],
combination; Turnverein[Ger]; league offensive and defensive, alliance
offensive and defensive; coalition; federation; confederation, confederacy;
junto, cabal, camarilla[obs3], camorra[obs3], brigue|; freemasonry; party
spirit &c. (cooperation) 709.
Confederates, Conservatives, Democrats, Federalists, Federals,
Freemason, Knight Templar; Kuklux, Kuklux Klan, KKK; Liberals, Luddites,
Republicans, Socialists, Tories, Whigs &c.
staff; dramatis personae[Lat].
V. unite, join; club together &c. (cooperate) 709; cement a party,
form a party &c. n.; associate &c. (assemble) 72; enleague[obs3],
federalize, go cahoots.
Adj. in league, in partnership, in alliance &c. n.
bonded together, banded together, linked &c. (joined) 43- together;
embattled; confederated, federative, joint.
Adv. hand in hand, side by side, shoulder to shoulder, en masse, in the
same boat.

#713. Discord. -- N. disagreement &c. 24; discord, disaccord[obs3],
dissidence, dissonance; jar, clash, shock; jarring, jostling &c. v.; screw
loose.
variance, difference, dissension, misunderstanding, cross purposes,
odds, brouillerie[Fr]; division, split, rupture, disruption, division in
the camp, house divided against itself, disunion, breach; schism &c.
(dissent) 489; feud, faction.
quarrel, dispute, tiff, tracasserie[obs3], squabble, altercation,
barney *[obs3], demel, snarl, spat, towrow[obs3], words, high words;
wrangling &c. v.; jangle, brabble[obs3], cross questions and crooked
answers, snip-snap; family jars.
polemics; litigation; strife &c. (contention) 720; warfare &c. 722;
outbreak, open rupture, declaration of war.
broil, brawl, row, racket, hubbub, rixation|; embroilment,
embranglement[obs3], imbroglio, fracas, breach of the peace, piece of
work[Fr], scrimmage, rumpus; breeze, squall; riot, disturbance &c
(disorder) 59; commotion &c. (agitation) 315; bear garden, Donnybrook,
Donnybrook Fair.
subject of dispute, ground of quarrel, battle ground, disputed point;
bone of contention, bone to pick; apple of discord, casus belli[Lat];
question at issue &c. (subject of inquiry) 461; vexed question, vexata
quaestio[Lat], brand of discord.
troublous times[obs3]; cat-and-dog life; contentiousness &c. adj.;
enmity &c. 889; hate &c. 898; Kilkenny cats; disputant &c. 710; strange
bedfellows.
V. be discordant &c. adj.; disagree, come amiss &c. 24; clash, jar,
jostle, pull different ways, conflict, have no measures with, misunderstand
one another; live like cat and dog; differ; dissent &c. 489; have a bone to
pick, have a crow to pluck with.
fall out, quarrel, dispute; litigate; controvert &c. (deny) 536;
squabble, wrangle, jangle, brangle[obs3], bicker, nag; spar &c. (contend)
720; have words &c. n. with; fall foul of.
split; break with, break squares with, part company with; declare war,
try conclusions; join issue, put in issue; pick a quarrel, fasten a quarrel
on; sow dissension, stir up dissension &c. n.; embroil, entangle, disunite,
widen the breach; set at odds, set together by the ears; set against, pit
against.
get into hot water, fish in troubled waters, brawl; kick up a row,
kick up a dust; turn the house out of window.
Adj. discordant; disagreeing &c. v.; out of tune, ajar, on bad terms,
dissentient &c. 489; unreconciled, unpacified; contentious &c. 720.
quarrelsome, unpacific[obs3]; gladiatorial, controversial, polemic,
disputatious; factious; litigious, litigant; pettifogging.
at odds, at loggerheads, at daggers drawn, at variance, at issue, at
cross purposes, at sixes and sevens, at feud, at high words; up in arms,
together by the ears, in hot water, embroiled.
torn, disunited.
Phr. quot homines tot sententiae [Lat][Terence]; no love lost between
them, non nostrum tantas componere lites [Lat][Vergil]; Mars gravior sub
pace latet [Lat][Claudius].

<-- p. 234 -->

#714. Concord. -- N. concord, accord, harmony, symphony; homologue;
agreement &c. 23; sympathy, empathy &c. (love) 897; response; union,
unison, unity; bonds of harmony; peace &c. 721; unanimity &c. (assent) 488;
league &c. 712; happy family.
rapprochement; reunion; amity &c. (friendship) 888; alliance, entente
cordiale[Fr], good understanding, conciliation, peacemaker; intercessor,
mediator.
V. agree &c. 23; accord, harmonize with; fraternize; be -concordant
&c. adj.; go hand in hand; run parallel &c. (concur) 178; understand one
another, pull together &c. (cooperate) 709; put up one's horses together,
sing in chorus.
side with, sympathize with, go with, chime in with, fall in with; come
round; be pacified &c. 723; assent &c. 488; empathize with, enter into the
ideas of, enter into the feelings of; reciprocate.
hurler avec les loups[Fr]; go with the stream, swim with the stream.
keep in good humor, render accordant, put in tune; come to an
understanding, meet halfway; keep the peace, remain at peace.
Adj. concordant, congenial; agreeing &c.v.; in accord &c. n.;
harmonious, united, cemented; banded together &c. 712; allied; friendly &c.
888; fraternal; conciliatory; at one with; of one mind &c. (assent) 488.
at peace, in still water; tranquil &c. (pacific) 721.
Adv. with one voice &c. (assent) 488; in concert with, hand in hand;
on one's side.
Phr. commune periculum concordiam parit[Lat][obs3].


#715. Defiance. -- N. defiance; daring &. v.; dare; challenge,
cartel|!; threat &c. 909; war cry, war whoop.
chest-beating, chest-thumping; saber rattling.
V. defy, dare, beard; brave &c. (courage) 861; bid defiance to; set at
defiance, set at naught; hurl defiance at; dance the war dance, beat the
war drums; snap the fingers at, laugh to scorn; disobey &c. 742.
show fight, show one's teeth, show a bold front; bluster, look big,
stand akimbo, beat one's chest; double the fist, shake the fist; threaten
&c. 909.
challenge, call out; throw down the gauntlet, fling down the gauntlet,
fling down the gage, fling down the glove, throw down the glove.
Adj. defiant; defying &c. v.;"with arms akimbo".
Adv. in defiance of, in the teeth of; under one's very nose.
Int. do your worst! come if you dare! come on! marry come up! hoity
toity|!
Phr. noli me tangere[Lat]; nemo me impune lacessit[Lat]; don't tread
on me; don't you dare; don't even think of it; "Go ahead, make my day!"
[Dirty Harry].

<-- p. 235 -->

#716. Attack. -- N. attack; assault, assault and battery; onset,
onslaught, charge.
aggression, offense; incursion, inroad, invasion; irruption; outbreak;
estrapade[obs3], ruade[obs3]; coupe de main, sally, sortie, camisade[obs3],
raid, foray; run at, run against; dead set at.
storm, storming; boarding, escalade[obs3]; siege, investment,
obsession|!, bombardment, cannonade.
fire, volley; platoon fire, file fire; fusillade; sharpshooting,
broadside; raking fire, cross fire; volley of grapeshot, whiff of the
grape, feu d'enfer [Fr].
cut, thrust, lunge, pass, passado[obs3], carte and tierce[Fr][obs3],
home thrust; coupe de bec[Fr]; kick, punch &c. (impulse) 276.
battue[obs3], razzia[obs3], Jacquerie, dragonnade[obs3]; devastation
&c. 162; eboulement[Fr].
assailant, aggressor, invader.
base of operations, point of attack; echelon.
V. attack, assault, assail; invade; set upon, fall upon; charge,
impugn, break a lance with, enter the lists.
assume the offensive, take the offensive; be the aggressor, become the
aggressor; strike the first blow, draw first blood, throw the first stone
at; lift a hand against, draw the sword against; take up the cudgels;
advance against, march against; march upon, harry; come on, show fight.
strike at, poke at, thrust at; aim a blow at, deal a blow at; give one
a blow, fetch one a blow, fetch one a kick, give one a kick; have a cut at,
have a shot at, take a cut at, take a shot at, have a fling at, have a shy
at; be down upon, pounce upon; fall foul of, pitch into, launch out
against; bait, slap on the face; make a thrust at, make a pass at, make a
set at, make a dead set at; bear down upon.
close with, come to close quarters;
bring to bay.
ride full tilt against; attack tooth and nail, go at hammer and tongs.
let fly at, dash at, run a tilt at, rush at, tilt at, run at, fly at,
hawk at, have at, let out at; make a dash, make a rush at; strike home;
drive one hard; press one hard; be hard upon, run down, strike at the root
of.
lay about one, run amuck.
aim at, draw a bead on [U.S.].
fire upon, fire at, fire a shot at; shoot at, pop at, level at, let
off a gun at; open fire, pepper, bombard, shell, pour a broadside into;
fire a volley, fire red-hot shot; spring a mine.
throw a stone, throw stones at; stone, lapidate[obs3], pelt; hurl at,
hurl against, hurl at the head of; rock
beset[U.S.], besiege, beleaguer; lay siege to, invest, open the
trenches, plant a battery, sap, mine; storm, board, scale the walls.
cut and thrust, bayonet, butt; kick, strike &c. (impulse) 276; whip
&c. (punish) 972.
[attack verbally] assail, impugn; malign (detract) 934.
bomb, rocket, blast.
Adj. attacking &c.v.; aggressive, offensive, obsidional[obs3].
up in arms.
Adv. on the offensive.
Int. "up and at them!"
Phr. "the din of arms, the yell of savage rage, the shriek of agony,
the groan of death" [Southey]; "their fatal hands no second stroke intend"
[Paradise Lost]; "thirst for glory quells the love of life" [Addison].

#717. Defense -- N. defense, protection, guard, ward; shielding &c.v.;
propugnation|, preservation &c. 670; guardianship.
area defense; site defense.
self-defense, self-preservation; resistance &c. 719.
safeguard &c. (safety) 664; balistraria[obs3]; bunker, screen &c.
(shelter) 666; camouflage &c. (concealment) 530; fortification; munition,
muniment[obs3]; trench, foxhole; bulwark, fosse[obs3], moat, ditch,
entrenchment, intrenchment[obs3]; kila[obs3]; dike, dyke; parapet, sunk
fence, embankment, mound, mole, bank, sandbag, revetment; earth work,
field-work; fence, wall dead wall, contravallation[obs3]; paling &c.
(inclosure) 232; palisade, haha, stockade, stoccado[obs3], laager[obs3],
sangar[obs3]; barrier, barricade; boom; portcullis, chevaux de frise[Fr];
abatis, abattis[obs3], abbatis[obs3]; vallum[obs3], circumvallation[obs3],
battlement, rampart, scarp; escarp[obs3], counter-scarp; glacis,
casemate[obs3]; vallation[obs3], vanfos[obs3].
buttress, abutment; shore &c. (support) 215.
breastwork, banquette, curtain, mantlet[obs3], bastion, redan[obs3],
ravelin[obs3]; vauntmure[obs3]; advance work, horn work, outwork;
barbacan[obs3], barbican; redoubt; fort-elage[Fr], fort-alice; lines.
loophole, machicolation[obs3]; sally port.
hold, stronghold, fastness; asylum &c. (refuge) 666; keep, donjon,
dungeon, fortress, citadel, capitol, castle; tower of strength, tower of
strength; fort, barracoon[obs3], pah[obs3], sconce, martello tower[obs3],
peelhouse[obs3], blockhouse, rath[obs3]; wooden walls.
[body armor] bulletproof vest, armored vest, buffer, corner stone,
fender, apron, mask, gauntlet, thimble, carapace, armor, shield, buckler,
aegis, breastplate, backplate[obs3], cowcatcher, face guard, scutum[obs3],
cuirass, habergeon[obs3], mail, coat of mail, brigandine[obs3], hauberk,
lorication[obs3], helmet, helm, bassinet, salade[obs3], heaume[obs3],
morion[obs3], murrion[obs3], armet[obs3], cabaset[obs3], vizor[obs3],
casquetel[obs3], siege cap, headpiece, casque, pickelhaube, vambrace[obs3],
shako &c. (dress) 225.
bearskin; panoply; truncheon &c. (weapon) 727.
garrison, picket, piquet; defender, protector; guardian &c. (safety)
664; bodyguard, champion; knight-errant, Paladin; propugner[obs3].
bulletproof window.
hardened site.
V. defend, forfend, fend; shield, screen, shroud; engarrison[obs3];
fend round &c. (circumscribe) 229; fence, entrench, intrench[obs3]; guard
&c. (keep safe) 664; guard against; take care of &c. (vigilance) 459; bear
harmless; fend off, keep off, ward off, beat off, beat back; hinder &c.
706.
parry, repel, propugn[obs3], put to flight; give a warm reception to
[ironical]; hold at bay, keep at bay, keep arm's length.
stand on the defensive, act on the defensive; show fight; maintain
one's ground, stand one's ground; stand by; hold one's own; bear the brunt,
stand the brunt; fall back upon, hold, stand in the gap.
Adj. defending &c.v.; defensive; mural|!; armed, armed at all points,
armed cap-a-pie, armed to the teeth; panoplied[obs3]; iron-plated,
ironclad; loopholed, castellated, machicolated[obs3], casemated[obs3];
defended &c.v.; proof against.
armored, ballproof|!, bulletproof; hardened.
Adv. defensively; on the defense, on the defensive; in defense; at
bay, pro aris et focis[obs3][Lat].
Int. no surrender!
Phr. defense not defiance; Dieu defend le droit [Fr]; fidei defensor
[Lat: defender of the faith].

<-- p. 236 -->

#718. Retaliation. -- N. retaliation, reprisal, retort, payback;
counter-stroke, counter-blast, counterplot, counter-project; retribution,
lex talionis[Lat]; reciprocation &c. (reciprocity) 12.
tit for tat, give and take, blow for blow, quid pro quo, a Roland for
an Oliver, measure for measure, diamond cut diamond, the biter bit, a game
at which two can play; reproof valiant, retort courteous.
recrimination &c. (accusation) 938; revenge &c. 919; compensation &c.
30; reaction &c. (recoil) 277.
V. retaliate, retort, turn upon; pay, pay off, pay back; pay in one's
own coin, pay in the same coin; cap; reciprocate &c. 148; turn the tables
upon, return the compliment; give a quid pro quo &c. n., give as much as
one takes, give as good as one gets; give and take, exchange fisticuffs; be
quits, be even with; pay off old scores.
serve one right, be hoist on one's own petard, throw a stone in one's
own garden, catch a Tartar.
Adj. retaliating &c. v.; retaliatory, retaliative; talionic[obs3].
Adv. in retaliation; en revanche.
Phr. mutato nomine de te fabula narratur [Lat][Horace]; par pari
refero [Lat][Terence]; tu quoque[Lat: you too]; you're another; suo sibi
gladio hunc jugulo [Lat]; a beau jeu beau retour[Fr]; litem [Lat]. . . lite
resolvit [Lat][Horace].

#719. Resistance. -- N. resistance, stand, front, oppugnation[obs3];
oppugnancy[obs3]; opposition &c. 708; renitence[obs3], renitency;
reluctation[obs3], recalcitration[obs3]; kicking &c. v.
repulse, rebuff.
insurrection &c. (disobedience) 742; strike; turn out, lock out,
barring out; levee en masse[Fr], Jacquerie; riot &c. (disorder) 59.
V. resist; not submit &c. 725; repugn[obs3], reluct, reluctate[obs3],
withstand; stand up against, strive against, bear up under, bear up
against, be proof against, make head against; stand, stand firm, stand
one's ground, stand the brunt of, stand out; hold one's grounds, hold one's
own, hold out, hold firm.
breast the wave, breast the current; stem the tide, stem the torrent;
face, confront, grapple with; show a bold front &c. (courage) 861; present
a front; make a stand, take one's stand.
kick, kick against; recalcitrate[obs3], kick against the pricks;
oppose &c. 708; fly in the face of; lift the hand against &c. (attack) 716;
rise up in arms &c. (war) 722; strike, turn out; draw up a round robin &c.
(remonstrate) 932; revolt &c. (disobey) 742; make a riot.
prendre le mors aux dents [French: take the bit between the teeth];
sell one's life dearly, die hard, keep at bay; repel, repulse.
Adj. resisting &c.v.; resistive, resistant; refractory &c.
(disobedient) 742; recalcitrant, renitent; up in arms.
repulsive, repellant.
proof against; unconquerable &c. (strong) 159; stubborn, unconquered;
indomitable &c. (persevering) 604a; unyielding &c. (obstinate) 606.
Int. hands off! keep off!

<-- p. 237 -->

#720. Contention. -- N. contention, strife; contest,
contestation[obs3]; struggle; belligerency; opposition &c. 708.
controversy, polemics; debate &c. (discussion) 476; war of words,
logomachy[obs3], litigation; paper war; high words &c. (quarrel) 713;
sparring &c. v.
competition, rivalry; corrivalry[obs3], corrivalship[obs3], agonism|,
concours[obs3], match, race, horse racing, heat, steeple chase, handicap;
regatta; field day; sham fight, Derby day; turf, sporting, bullfight,
tauromachy[obs3], gymkhana[obs3]; boat race, torpids[obs3].
wrestling, greco-roman wrestling; pugilism, boxing, fisticuffs, the
manly art of self-defense; spar, mill, set-to, round, bout, event, prize
fighting; quarterstaff, single stick; gladiatorship[obs3], gymnastics;
jiujitsu, jujutsu, kooshti[obs3], sumo; athletics, athletic sports; games
of skill &c. 840.
shindy[obs3]; fracas &c. (discord) 713; clash of arms; tussle,
scuffle, broil, fray; affray, affrayment|; velitation|; colluctation|,
luctation[obs3]; brabble[obs3], brigue|, scramble, melee, scrimmage,
stramash[obs3], bushfighting[obs3].
free fight, stand up fight, hand to hand, running fight.
conflict, skirmish; rencounter[obs3], encounter; rencontre[obs3],
collision, affair, brush, fight; battle, battle royal; combat, action,
engagement, joust, tournament; tilt, tilting [medieval times];
tournay[obs3], list; pitched battle.
death struggle, struggle for life or death, life or death struggle,
Armageddon[obs3].
hard knocks, sharp contest, tug of war.
naval engagement, naumachia[obs3], sea fight.
duel, duello[It]; single combat, monomachy[obs3], satisfaction,
passage d'armes[Fr], passage of arms, affair of honor; triangular duel;
hostile meeting, digladiation[obs3]; deeds of arms, feats of arms; appeal
to arms &c. (warfare) 722.
pugnacity; combativeness &c. adj.; bone of contention &c. 713.
V. contend; contest, strive, struggle, scramble, wrestle; spar,
square; exchange blows, exchange fisticuffs; fib|!, justle[obs3], tussle,
tilt, box, stave, fence; skirmish; pickeer[obs3]; fight &c. (war) 722;
wrangle &c. (quarrel) 713.
contend &c. with, grapple with, engage with, close with, buckle with,
bandy with, try conclusions with, have a brush &c. n. with, tilt with;
encounter, fall foul of, pitch into, clapperclaw[obs3], run a tilt at;
oppose &c. 708; reluct.
join issue, come to blows, go to loggerheads, set to, come to the
scratch, exchange shots, measure swords, meet hand to hand; take up the
cudgels, take up the glove, take up the gauntlet; enter the lists; couch
one's lance; give satisfaction; appeal to arms &c. (warfare) 722.
lay about one; break the peace.
compete with, cope with, vie with, race with; outvie[obs3], emulate,
rival; run a race; contend &c. for, stipulate for, stickle for; insist
upon, make a point of.
Adj. contending &c. v.; together by the ears, at loggerheads at war at
issue.
competitive, rival; belligerent; contentious, combative, bellicose,
unpeaceful[obs3]; warlike &c. 722; quarrelsome &c. 901; pugnacious;
pugilistic, gladiatorial; palestric[obs3], palestrical[obs3].
Phr. a verbis ad verbera[Lat]; a word and a blow; "a very pretty
quarrel as it stands" [Sheridan]; commune periculum concordiam parit[Lat];
lis litem generat[Lat].


#721. Peace. -- N. peace; amity &c. (friendship) 888; harmony &c.
(concord) 714; tranquility, calm &c. (quiescence) 265; truce, peace treaty,
accord &c. (pacification) 723; peace pipe, pipe of peace, calumet of peace.
piping time of peace, quiet life; neutrality.
[symbol of peace] dove of peace, white dove.
[person who favors peace] dove.
pax Romana[Lat]; Pax Americana[Lat][obs3].
V. be at peace; keep the peace &c. (concord) 714.
make peace &c. 723.
Adj. pacific; peaceable, peaceful; calm, tranquil, untroubled,
halcyon; bloodless; neutral.
dovish
Phr. the storm blown over; the lion lies down with the lamb; "all
quiet on the Potomac"; paritur pax bello [Lat][Nepos]; "peace hath her
victories no less renowned than war" [Milton]; "they make a desert and they
call it peace".

<-- p. 238 -->

#722. Warfare. -- N. warfare; fighting &c.v.; hostilities; war, arms,
the sword; Mars, Bellona, grim visaged war, horrida bella[Lat]; bloodshed.
appeal to arms, appeal to the sword; ordeal of battle; wager of
battle; ultima ratio regum[Lat], arbitrament of the sword.
battle array, campaign, crusade, expedition, operations; mobilization;
state of siege; battlefield, theater of operations &c. (arena) 728;
warpath.
art of war, tactics, strategy, castrametation[obs3]; generalship;
soldiership; logistics; military evolutions, ballistics, gunnery; chivalry.
gunpowder, shot.
battle, tug of war &c. (contention) 720; service, campaigning, active
service, tented field; kriegspiel[Ger], Kriegsspiel[Ger]; fire cross,
trumpet, clarion, bugle, pibroch[obs3], slogan; war-cry, war-whoop; battle
cry, beat of drum, rappel, tom-tom; calumet of war; word of command;
password, watchword; passage d-armes[Fr].
war to the death, war to the knife; guerre a mort[Fr], guerre a
outrance[Fr][obs3]; open war, internecine war, civil war.
V. arm; raise troops, mobilize troops; raise up in arms; take up the
cudgels &c. 720; take up arms, fly to arms, appeal to arms, fly to the
sword; draw the sword, unsheathe the sword; dig up the hatchet, dig up the
tomahawk; go to war, wage war, 'let slip the dogs of war' [Julius Caesar];
cry havoc; kindle the torch of war, light the torch of war; raise one's
banner, raise the fire cross; hoist the black flag; throw away, fling away
the scabbard; enroll, enlist; take the field; take the law into one's own
hands; do battle, give battle, join battle, engage in battle, go to battle;
flesh one's sword; set to, fall to, engage, measure swords with, draw the
trigger, cross swords; come to blows, come to close quarters; fight;
combat; contend &c. 720; battle with, break a lance with.
[pirates engage in battle] raise the jolly roger, run up the jolly
roger.
serve; see service, be on service, be on active service; campaign;
wield the sword, shoulder a musket, smell powder, be under fire; spill
blood, imbrue the hands in blood; on the warpath.
carry on war, carry on hostilities; keep the field; fight the good
fight; fight it out, fight like devils, fight one's way, fight hand to
hand; sell one's life dearly; pay the ferryman's fee.
Adj. contending, contentious &c. 720; armed, armed to the teeth, armed
cap-a-pie; sword in hand; in arms, under arms, up in arms; at war with;
bristling with arms; in battle array, in open arms, in the field;
embattled; battled.
unpacific[obs3], unpeaceful[obs3]; belligerent, combative,
armigerous[obs3], bellicose, martial, warlike; military, militant; soldier-
like, soldierly.
chivalrous; strategical, internecine.
Adv. flagrante bello[Lat], in the thick of the fray, in the cannon's
mouth; at the sword's point, at the point of the bayonet.
Int. vae victis[Lat]! to arms! to your tents O Israel!
Phr. the battle rages; a la guerre comme a la guerre[Fr]; bis peccare
in bello non licet[Lat][obs3]; jus gladii[Lat]; "my voice is still for war"
[Addison]; "'tis well that war is so terrible, otherwise we might grow fond
of it" [Robert E. Lee]; "my sentence is for open war" [Milton]; "pride,
pomp, and circumstance of glorious war" [Othello]; "the cannons have their
bowels full of wrath" [King John]; "the cannons . . .spit forth their iron
indignation" [King John]; "the fire-eyed maid of smoky war" [Henry IV];
silent leges inter arma [Lat][Cicero]; si vis pacem para bellum[Lat].

#723. Pacification. -- N. pacification, conciliation; reconciliation,
reconcilement; shaking of hands, accommodation, arrangement, adjustment;
terms, compromise; amnesty, deed of release.
peace offering; olive branch; calumet of peace, preliminaries of
peace.
truce, armistice; suspension of arms, suspension of hostilities,
stand-down; breathing time; convention; modus vivendi[Lat]; flag of truce,
white flag, parlementaire[Fr], cartel|!.
hollow truce, pax in bello[Lat]; drawn battle.
V. pacify, tranquilize, compose; allay &c. (moderate) 174; reconcile,
propitiate, placate, conciliate, meet halfway, hold out the olive branch,
heal the breach, make peace, restore harmony, bring to terms.
settle matters, arrange matters, accommodate matters, accommodate
differences; set straight; make up a quarrel, tantas componere lites[Lat];
come to an understanding, come to terms; bridge over, hush up; make it,
make matters up; shake hands; mend one's fences [U.S.].
raise a siege, lift a siege; put up the sword, sheathe the sword; bury
the hatchet, lay down one's arms, turn swords into plowshares; smoke the
calumet of peace, close the temple of Janus; keep the peace &c. (concord)
714; be pacified &c.; come round.
Adj. conciliatory; composing &c.v.; pacified &c.v.
Phr. requiescat in pace[Lat].

<-- p. 239 -->

#724. Mediation. -- N. mediation, mediatorship[obs3],
mediatization[obs3]; intervention, interposition, interference,
intermeddling, intercession; arbitration; flag of truce &c. 723; good
offices, peace offering;
parley, negotiation; diplomatics[obs3], diplomacy; compromise &c. 774.
[person who mediates] mediator, arbitrator, intercessor, peacemaker,
makepeace[obs3], negotiator, go-between; diplomatist &c. (consignee) 758;
moderator; propitiator; umpire.
V. mediate, mediatize[obs3]; intercede, interpose, interfere,
intervene; step in, negotiate; meet halfway; arbitrate; magnas componere
lites[Lat].
bargain &c. 794
Adj. mediatory.

#725. Submission. -- N. submission, yielding; nonresistance; obedience
&c. 743.
surrender, cession, capitulation, resignation; backdown[obs3].
obeisance, homage, kneeling, genuflexion[obs3], courtesy, curtsy,
kowtow, prostration.
V. succumb, submit, yeild, bend, resign, defer to.
lay down one's arms, deliver up one's arms; lower colors, haul down
colors, strike one's flag, strike colors.
surrender, surrender at discretion; cede, capitulate, come to terms,
retreat, beat a retreat; draw in one's horns &c. (humility) 879; give way,
give round, give in, give up; cave in; suffer judgment by default; bend,
bend to one's yoke, bend before the storm; reel back; bend down, knuckle
down, knuckle to, knuckle under; knock under.
eat dirt, eat the leek, eat humble pie; bite the dust, lick the dust;
be at one's feet, fall at one's feet; craven; crouch before, throw oneself
at the feet of; swallow the leek, swallow the pill; kiss the rod; turn the
other cheek; avaler les couleuvres[Fr], gulp down.
obey &c. 743; kneel to, bow to, pay homage to, cringe to, truckle to;
bend the neck, bend the knee; kneel, fall on one's knees, bow submission,
courtesy, curtsy, kowtow.
pocket the affront; make the best of, make a virtue of necessity; grin
and abide, grin and bear it, shrug the shoulders, resign oneself; submit
with a good grace &c. (bear with) 826.
Adj. surrendering &c. v.; submissive, resigned, crouching;
downtrodden; down on one's marrow bones; on one's bended knee; unresistant,
unresisting, nonresisting; pliant &c. (soft) 324; undefended.
untenable, indefensible; humble &c. 879.
Phr. have it your own way; it can't be helped; amen &c. (assent) 488;
da locum melioribus[Lat]; tempori parendum[Lat].


#726. Combatant. -- N. combatant; disputant, controversialist,
polemic, litigant, belligerent; competitor, rival, corrival[obs3]; fighter,
assailant; champion, Paladin; mosstrooper[obs3], swashbuckler fire eater,
duelist, bully, bludgeon man, rough.
prize fighter, pugilist, boxer, bruiser, the fancy, gladiator,
athlete, wrestler; fighting-cock, game-cock;
warrior, soldier, fighting man, Amazon, man at arms, armigerent[obs3];
campaigner, veteran; swordsman, sabreur[obs3], redcoat, military man,
Rajput.
armed force, troops, soldiery, military forces, sabaoth[obs3], the
army, standing army, regulars, the line, troops of the line, militia,
yeomanry, volunteers, trainband, fencible[obs3]; auxiliary,
bersagliere[obs3], brave; garde-nationale, garde-royale[Fr]; minuteman [Am.
Hist.]; auxiliary forces, reserve forces; reserves, posse comitatus[Lat],
national guard, gendarme, beefeater; guards, guardsman; yeomen of the
guard, life guards, household troops.
janissary; myrmidon; Mama, Mameluke; spahee[obs3], spahi[obs3],
Cossack, Croat, Pandoz.
irregular, guerilla, partisan, condottiere[obs3]; franctireur[Fr],
tirailleur[obs3], bashi-bazouk; vietminh[guerilla organization names:
list], vietcong; shining path; contras; huk, hukbalahap.
mercenary, soldier of fortune; hired gun, gunfighter, gunslinger;
bushwhacker, free lance, companion; Hessian.
hit man[criminals specializing in violence: see bad man], torpedo,
soldier.
levy, draught; Landwehr[Ger], Landsturm[Ger]; conscript, recruit,
cadet, raw levies.
infantry, infantryman, private, private soldier, foot soldier; Tommy
Atkins[obs3], rank and file, peon, trooper, sepoy[obs3], legionnaire,
legionary, cannon fodder, food for powder; officer &c. (commander) 745;
subaltern, ensign, standard bearer; spearman, pikeman[obs3]; spear bearer;
halberdier[obs3], lancer; musketeer, carabineer[obs3], rifleman,
jager[Ger], sharpshooter, yager[obs3], skirmisher; grenadier,
fusileer[obs3]; archer, bowman.
horse and foot; horse soldier; cavalry, horse, artillery, horse
artillery, light horse, voltigeur[Fr], uhlan, mounted rifles, dragoon,
hussar; light dragoon, heavy dragoon; heavy; cuirassier[Fr]; Foot Guards,
Horse Guards.
gunner, cannoneer, bombardier, artilleryman[obs3], matross[obs3];
sapper, sapper and miner; engineer; light infantry, rifles,chasseur[Fr],
zouave; military train, coolie.
army, corps d'armee[Fr], host, division, battalia[obs3], column, wing,
detachment, garrison, flying column, brigade, regiment, corps, battalion,
sotnia[obs3], squadron, company, platoon, battery, subdivision, section,
squad; piquet, picket, guard, rank, file; legion, phalanx, cohort; cloud of
skirmishers.
war horse, charger, destrier.
marine, man-of-war's man &c. (sailor) 269; navy, wooden walls, naval
forces, fleet, flotilla, armada, squadron.
[ships of war] man-of-war; destroyer; submarine; minesweeper; torpedo-
boat, torpedo-destroyer; patrol torpedo boat, PT boat; torpedo-catcher, war
castle, H.M.S.; battleship, battle wagon, dreadnought, line of battle
ship, ship of the line; aircraft carrier, carrier. flattop[coll.];
helicopter carrier; missile platform, missile boat; ironclad, turret ship,
ram, monitor, floating battery; first-rate, frigate, sloop of war,
corvette, gunboat, bomb vessel; flagship, guard ship, cruiser; armored
cruiser, protected cruiser; privateer.
[supporting ships] tender; store ship, troop ship; transport,
catamaran; merchant marine.

<-- p. 240 -->

#727. Arms. -- N. arm, arms; weapon, deadly weapon; armament,
armaments, armature; panoply, stand of arms; armor &c. (defense) 717;
armory &c. (store) 636; apparatus belli[Lat].
ammunition; powder, powder and shot; cartridge; ball cartridge,
cartouche, fireball; "villainous saltpeter" [Hen. IV]; dumdum bullet.
explosive; gunpowder, guncotton; mercury fulminate; picrates;
pentaerythritol tetranitrate[ISA:chemsub][Chemsub], PETN.
high explosive; trinitrotoluene, TNT; dynamite, melinite[obs3],
cordite, lyddite, plastic explosive, plastique; pyroxyline[obs3].
[knives and swords: list] sword, saber, broadsword, cutlass,
falchion[obs3], scimitar, cimeter[obs3], brand, whinyard, bilbo,
glaive[obs3], glave[obs3], rapier, skean, Toledo, Ferrara, tuck, claymore,
adaga[obs3], baselard[obs3], Lochaber ax, skean dhu[obs3], creese[obs3],
kris, dagger, dirk, banger[obs3], poniard, stiletto, stylet[obs3], dudgeon,
bayonet; sword-bayonet, sword-stick; side arms, foil, blade, steel; ax,
bill; pole-ax, battle-ax; gisarme[obs3], halberd, partisan, tomahawk, bowie
knife[obs3]; ataghan[obs3], attaghan[obs3], yataghan[obs3]; yatacban[obs3];
assagai, assegai[obs3]; good sword, trusty sword, naked sword; cold steel.
club, mace, truncheon, staff, bludgeon, cudgel, life preserver,
shillelah, sprig; hand staff, quarter staff; bat, cane, stick, knuckle
duster; billy, blackjack, sandbag, waddy[obs3].
gun, piece[Fr]; firearms; artillery, ordnance; siege train, battering
train; park, battery; cannon, gun of position, heavy gun, field piece[Fr],
mortar, howitzer, carronade[obs3], culverin[obs3], basilisk; falconet,
jingal[obs3], swivel, pederero[obs3], bouche a feu[Fr]; petard, torpedo;
mitrailleur[Fr], mitrailleuse[Fr]; infernal machine; smooth bore, rifled
cannon, Armstrong gun[obs3], Lancaster gun, Paixhan gun, Whitworth gun,
Parrott gun, Krupp gun, Gatling gun, Maxim gun, machine gun; pompom[obs3];
ten pounder.
small arms; musket, musketry, firelock[obs3], fowling piece[Fr],
rifle, fusil[obs3], caliver[obs3], carbine, blunderbuss, musketoon[obs3],
Brown Bess, matchlock, harquebuss[obs3], arquebus, haguebut[obs3]; pistol,
postolet[obs3]; petronel; small bore; breach-loader, muzzle-loader;
revolver, repeater; Minis rifle, Enfield rifle, Flobert rifle, Westley
Richards rifle, Snider rifle, Martini-Henry rifle, Lee-Metford rifle, Lee-
Enfield rifle, Mauser rifle, magazine rifle; needle gun, chassepot[obs3];
wind gun, air gun; automatic gun, automatic pistol; escopet[obs3],
escopette[obs3], gunflint, gun-lock; hackbut[obs3], shooter, shooting iron
* [U.S.], six-shooter [U.S.], shotgun; Uzzi, assault rifle, Kalashnikov.
bow, crossbow, balister[obs3], catapult, sling; battering ram &c.
(impulse) 276; gunnery; ballistics &c. (propulsion) 284.
missile, bolt, projectile, shot, ball; grape; grape shot, canister
shot, bar shot, cannon shot, langrel shot[obs3], langrage shot[obs3], round
shot, chain shot; balista[obs3], ballista[obs3], slung shot,
trebucbet[obs3], trebucket[obs3]; bullet, slug, stone, brickbat, grenade,
shell, bomb, carcass, rocket; congreve[obs3], congreve rocket[obs3];
shrapnel, mitraille[Fr]; levin bolt[obs3], levin brand[obs3]; thunderbolt.
pike, lance, spear, spontoon[obs3], javelin, dart, jereed[obs3],
jerid[obs3], arrow, reed, shaft, bolt, boomerang, harpoon, gaff;
eelspear[obs3], oxgoad[obs3], weet-weet, wommerah[obs3]; cattle prod;
chemical mace.
Phr. en flute; nervos belli pecuniam infinitam[Lat].

<-- p. 241 -->

#728. Arena. -- N. arena, field, platform; scene of action, theater;
walk, course; hustings; stare, boards &c. (playhouse) 599; amphitheater;
Coliseum, Colosseum; Flavian amphitheater, hippodrome, circus, race course,
corso[Sp], turf, cockpit, bear garden, playground, gymnasium, palestra,
ring, lists; tiltyard[obs3], tilting ground; Campus Martins, Champ de
Allars[obs3]; campus [U.S.].
boxing ring, canvas.
theater of war, seat of war; battle-field, battle-ground; field of
battle, field of slaughter; Aceldama[obs3], camp; the enemy's camp;
trusting place &c. (place of meeting) 74.

%
Section V. RESULTS OF VOLUNTARY ACTION
%

#729. Completion. -- N. completion, accomplishment, achievement,
fulfillment; performance, execution; despatch, dispatch; consummation,
culmination; finish, conclusion; close &c. (end) 67; terminus &c. (arrival)
292; winding up; finale, denouement, catastrophe, issue, upshot, result;
final touch, last touch, crowning touch, finishing touch, finishing stroke;
last finish, coup de grace; crowning of the edifice; coping-stone,
keystone; missing link &c. 53; superstructure, ne plus ultra[Lat], work
done, fait accompli[Fr].
elaboration; finality; completeness &c. 52.
V. effect[transitive], effectuate; accomplish, achieve, compass,
consummate, hammer out; bring to maturity, bring to perfection; perfect,
complete; elaborate.
do, execute, make; go through, get through; work out, enact; bring
about, bring to bear, bring to pass, bring through, bring to a head.
despatch, dispatch; knock off, finish off, polish off; make short work
of; dispose of, set at rest; perform, discharge, fulfill, realize; put in
practice, put in force; carry out, carry into effect, carry into execution;
make good; be as good as one's word.
do thoroughly, not do by halves, go the whole hog; drive home; be in at
the death &c. (persevere) 604a; carry through, play out, exhaust; fill the
bill [U.S.].
finish, bring to a close &c. (end) 67; wind up, stamp, clinch, seal,
set the seal on, put the seal; give the final touch &c.n. to; put the last,
put the finishing hand to, put the finishing touches on; crown, crown all;
cap.
[intransitive] ripen, culminate; come to a head, come to a crisis;
come to its end; die a natural death, die of old age; run its course, run
one's race; touch the goal, reach the goal, attain the goal; reach &c.
(arrive) 292; get in the harvest.
Adj. completing, final; concluding, conclusive; crowning &c. v.;
exhaustive.
done, completed &c. v.; done for, sped, wrought out; highly wrought
&c. (preparation) 673; thorough &c. 52; ripe &c. (ready) 673.
Adv. completely &c.(thoroughly) 52; to crown all, out of hand.
Phr. the race is run; actum est[Lat]; finis coronat opus[Lat];
consummatum est[Lat]; c'en est fait[Fr]; it is all over; the game is played
out, the bubble has burst; aussitot dit aussitot fait[Fr]; aut non tentaris
aut perfice [Lat][Ovid].

#730. Noncompletion. -- N. noncompletion, nonfulfillment; shortcoming
&c. 304; incompleteness &c. 53; drawn battle, drawn game; work of Penelope.
nonperformance, inexecution[obs3]; neglect &c. 460.
V. not complete &c. 729; leave unfinished &c. adj., leave undone,
drop, put down; neglect &c. 460; let alone, let slip; lose sight of
(forget) 506.
fall short of &c. 304; do things by halves, parboil, scotch the snake
not lull it; hang fire; be slow to; collapse &c. 304.
drop out.
Adj. not completed &c. v.; incomplete &c. 53; uncompleted, unfinished,
unaccomplished, unperformed, unexecuted; sketchy, addle.
in progress, in hand; ongoing, going on, proceeding; on one's hands;
on the anvil; in the fire, in the oven.
parboiled, half-baked.
Adv. re infecta[Lat].

<-- p. 242 -->

#731. Success. -- N. success, successfulness; speed; advance &c.
(progress) 282.
trump card; hit, stroke, score; lucky hit, fortunate hit, good hit,
good stroke; direct hit, bull's eye; goal, point, touchdown; home run,
homer, hole-in-one, grand slam; killing[make money], windfall bold stroke,
master stroke; ten strike [U.S.]; coup de maitre[Fr], checkmate; half the
battle, prize; profit &c. (acquisition) 775.
continued success; good fortune &c. (prosperity) 734; time well spent.
advantage over; upper hand, whip hand; ascendancy, mastery;
expugnation|, conquest, victory, subdual[obs3]; subjugation &c.
(subjection) 749.
triumph &c. (exultation) 884; proficiency &c. (skill) 698.
conqueror, victor, winner; master of the situation, master of the
position, top of the heap, king of the hill; achiever, success, success
story.
V. succeed; be successful &c. adj.; gain one's end, gain one's ends;
crown with success.
gain a point, attain a point, carry a point, secure a point, win a
point, win an object; get there *[U.S.]; manage to, contrive to; accomplish
&c. (effect, complete) 729; do wonders, work wonders; make a go of it.
come off well, come off successful, come off with flying colors; make
short work of; take by storm, carry by storm; bear away the bell; win one's
wings, win one's spurs, win the battle; win the day, carry the day, gain
the day, gain the prize, gain the palm; have the best of it, have it all
one's own way, have the game in one's owns hands, have the ball at one's
feet, have one on the hop; walk over the course; carry all before one,
remain in possession of the field; score a success.
speed; make progress &c. (advance) 282; win one's way, make one's way,
work one's way, find one's way; strive to some purpose; prosper &c. 734;
drive a roaring trade; make profit &c. (acquire) 775; reap the fruits,
gather the fruits, reap the benefit of, reap the harvest; strike oil *
[U.S.], gain a windfall; make one's fortune, get in the harvest, turn to
good account; turn to account &c. (use) 677.
triumph, be triumphant; gain a victory, obtain a victory, gain an
advantage; chain victory to one's car; nail a coonskin to the wall.
surmount a difficulty, overcome a difficulty, get over a difficulty,
get over an obstacle &c. 706; se tirer d'affaire[Fr]; make head against;
stem the torrent, stem the tide, stem the current; weather the storm,
weather a point; turn a corner, keep one's head above water, tide over;
master; get the better of, have the better of, gain the better of, gain the
best of, gain the upper hand, gain the ascendancy, gain the whip hand, gain
the start of; distance; surpass &c. (superiority) 33.
defeat, conquer, vanquish, discomfit; euchre; overcome, overthrow,
overpower, overmaster, overmatch, overset[obs3], override, overreach;
outwit, outdo, outflank, outmaneuver, outgeneral, outvote; take the wind
out of one's adversary's sails; beat, beat hollow; rout, lick, drub, floor,
worst; put down, put to flight, put to the rout, put hors de combat[Fr],
put out of court.
silence, quell, nonsuit[obs3], checkmate, upset, confound, nonplus,
stalemate, trump; baffle &c. (hinder) 706; circumvent, elude; trip up, trip
up the heels of; drive into a corner, drive to the wall; run hard, put
one's nose out of joint.
settle, do for; break the neck of, break the back of; capsize, sink,
shipwreck, drown, swamp; subdue; subjugate &c. (subject) 749; reduce; make
the enemy bite the dust; victimize, roll in the dust, trample under foot,
put an extinguisher upon.
answer, answer the purpose; avail, prevail, take effect, do, turn out
well, work well, take, tell, bear fruit; hit it, hit the mark, hit the
right nail on the head; nick it; turn up trumps, make a hit; find one's
account in.
Adj. succeeding &c. v.; successful; prosperous &c. 734; triumphant;
flushed with success, crowned with success; victorious, on top; set up; in
the ascendant; unbeaten &c. (see beat &c. v.); well-spent; felicitous,
effective, in full swing.
Adv. successfully &c. adj.; well flying colors, in triumph,
swimmingly; a merveille[Fr], beyond all hope; to some purpose, to good
purpose; to one's heart's content.
Phr. veni vidi vici[Lat], the day being one's own, one's star in the
ascendant; omne tulit punctum[Lat].
bis vincit qui se vincit in victoria[obs3][Lat]; cede repugnanti
cedendo victor abibis [Lat][Ovid]; chacun est l'artisan de sa fortune[Fr];
dies faustus[Lat]; l'art de vaincre est celui de mepriser la mort[Fr];
omnia vincit amor [Lat: love conquers all]; "peace hath her victories no
less renowned than war" [Milton]; "the race by vigor not by vaunts is won"
[Pope]; vincit qui patitur[Lat]; vincit qui se vincit[Lat]; "The race is
not always to the swift, nor the battle to the strong, but that's the way
to bet" [Mark Twain].

<-- p. 243 -->

#732. Failure. -- N. failure; nonsuccess[obs3], nonfulfillment; dead
failure, successlessness[obs3]; abortion, miscarriage; brutum fulmen &c.
158[Lat]; labor in vain &c. (inutility) 645; no go; inefficacy[obs3];
inefficaciousness &c. adj.; vain attempt, ineffectual attempt, abortive
attempt, abortive efforts; flash in the pan, "lame and impotent conclusion"
[Othello]; frustration; slip 'twixt cup and lip &c. (disappointment) 509.
blunder &c. (mistake) 495; fault, omission, miss, oversight, slip,
trip, stumble, claudication|, footfall; false step, wrong step; faux
pas[Fr], titubation[obs3], bvue[Fr], faute[Fr], lurch; botchery &c. (want
of skill) 699[obs3]; scrape, mess, fiasco, breakdown; flunk [U.S.].
mishap &c. (misfortune) 735; split, collapse, smash, blow, explosion.
repulse, rebuff, defeat, rout, overthrow, discomfiture; beating,
drubbing; quietus, nonsuit[obs3], subjugation; checkmate, stalemate, fool's
mate.
fall, downfall, ruin, perdition; wreck &c. (destruction) 162;
deathblow; bankruptcy &c. (nonpayment) 808.
losing game, affaire flambe.
victim; bankrupt; flunker[obs3], flunky [U.S.].
V. fail; be unsuccessful &c. adj.; not succeed &c. 731; make vain
efforts &c.n.; do in vain, labor in vain, toil in vain; flunk [U.S.]; lose
one's labor, take nothing by one's motion; bring to naught, make nothing
of; wash a blackamoor white &c. (impossible) 471; roll the stones of
Sisyphus &c. (useless) 645; do by halves &c. (not complete) 730; lose
ground &c. (recede) 282; fall short of &c. 304.
miss, miss one's aim, miss the mark, miss one's footing, miss stays;
slip, trip, stumble; make a slip &c., n. blunder &c. 495, make a mess of,
make a botch of; bitch it|, miscarry, abort, go up like a rocket and come
down like the stick, come down in flames, get shot down, reckon without
one's host; get the wrong pig by the tail, get the wrong sow by the ear &c.
(blunder, mismanage) 699.
limp, halt, hobble, titubate[obs3]; fall, tumble; lose one's balance;
fall to the ground, fall between two stools; flounder, falter, stick in the
mud, run aground, split upon a rock; beat one's head against a stone wall,
run one's head against a stone wall, knock one's head against a stone wall,
dash one's head against a stone wall; break one's back; break down, sink,
drown, founder, have the ground cut from under one; get into trouble, get
into a mess, get into a scrape; come to grief &c. (adversity) 735; go to
the wall, go to the dogs, go to pot; lick the dust, bite the dust; be
defeated &c. 731; have the worst of it, lose the day, come off second best,
lose; fall a prey to; succumb &c. (submit) 725; not have a leg to stand on.
come to nothing, end in smoke; flat out |; fall to the ground, fall
through, fall dead, fall stillborn, fall flat; slip through one's fingers;
hang fire, miss fire; flash in the pan, collapse; topple down &c. (descent)
305; go to wrack and ruin &c. (destruction) 162.
go amiss, go wrong, go cross, go hard with, go on a wrong tack; go on
ill, come off ill, turn out ill, work ill; take a wrong term, take an ugly
term; take an ugly turn, take a turn for the worse.
be all over with, be all up with; explode; dash one's hopes &c.
(disappoint) 509; defeat the purpose; sow the wind and reap the whirlwind,
jump out of the frying pan into the fire, go from the frying pan into the
fire.
Adj. unsuccessful, successless[obs3]; failing, tripping &c.v.; at
fault; unfortunate &c. 735.
abortive, addle, stillborn; fruitless, bootless; ineffectual,
ineffective, inconsequential, trifling, nugatory; inefficient &c.
(impotent) 158; insufficient &c. 640; unavailing &c. (useless) 645; of no
effect.
aground, grounded, swamped, stranded, cast away, wrecked, foundered,


 


Back to Full Books