Roget's Thesaurus
by
Peter Mark Roget
Part 11 out of 15
capsized, shipwrecked, nonsuited[obs3]; foiled; defeated &c. 731; struck
down, borne down, broken down; downtrodden; overborne, overwhelmed; all up
with; ploughed, plowed, plucked.
lost, undone, ruined, broken; bankrupt &c. (not paying) 808; played
out; done up, done for; dead beat, ruined root and branch, flambe[obs3],
knocked on the head; destroyed &c. 162.
frustrated, crossed, unhinged, disconcerted dashed; thrown off one's
balance, thrown on one's back, thrown on one's beam ends|; unhorsed, in a
sorry plight; hard hit.
stultified, befooled[obs3], dished, hoist on one's own petard;
victimized, sacrificed.
wide of the mark &c. (error) 495; out of one's reckoning &c.
(inexpectation) 508[obs3]; left in the lurch; thrown away &c. (wasted) 638;
unattained; uncompleted &c. 730.
Adv. unsuccessfully &c. adj.; to little or no purpose, in vain, re
infecta[Lat].
Phr. the bubble has burst, "the jig is up", "the game is up"
[Cymbeline]; all is lost; the devil to pay; parturiunt montes &c.
(disappointment) 509[Lat]; dies infaustus[Lat]; tout est perdu hors
l'honneur[Fr].
#733. Trophy. -- N. trophy; medal, prize, palm, award; laurel,
laurels; bays, crown, chaplet, wreath, civic crown; insignia &c. 550;
feather in one's cap &c. (honor) 873; decoration &c. 877; garland,
triumphal arch, Victoria Cross, Iron Cross.
triumph &c. (celebration) 883; flying colors &c. (show) 882.
monumentum aere perennius [Lat][obs3][Hor.].
Phr. "for valor."
<-- p. 244 -->
<-- break out luck from prosperity -->
#734. Prosperity. -- N. prosperity, welfare, well-being; affluence
&c. (wealth) 803; success &c. 731; thrift, roaring trade; good fortune,
smiles of fortune; blessings, godsend.
luck; good luck, run of luck; sunshine; fair weather, fair wind; palmy
days, bright days, halcyon days; piping times, tide, flood, high tide.
Saturnia regna[Lat], Saturnian age; golden time, golden age; bed of
roses, fat city [coll.]; fat of the land, milk and honey, loaves and
fishes.
made man, lucky dog, enfant gate[Fr], spoiled child of fortune.
upstart, parvenu, skipjack[obs3], mushroom.
V. prosper, thrive, flourish; be prosperous &c adj.; drive a roaring
trade, do a booming business; go on well, go on smoothly, go on swimmingly;
sail before the wind, swim with the tide; run smooth, run smoothly, run on
all fours.
rise in the world, get on in the world; work one's way, make one's
way; look up; lift one's head, raise one's head, make one's fortune,
feather one's nest, make one's pile.
flower, blow, blossom, bloom, fructify, bear fruit, fatten.
keep oneself afloat; keep one's head above water, hold one's head
above water; land on one's feet, light on one's feet, light on one's legs,
fall on one's legs, fall on one's feet; drop into a good thing; bear a
charmed life; bask in the sunshine; have a good time of it, have a fine
time of it; have a run of luck; have the good fortune &c. n. to; take a
favorable turn; live on the fat of the land, live off the fat of the land,
live in clover.
Adj. prosperous; thriving &c. v.; in a fair way, buoyant; well off,
well to do, well to do in the world; set up, at one's ease; rich &c. 803;
in good case; in full, in high feather; fortunate, lucky, in luck; born
with a silver spoon in one's mouth, born under a lucky star; on the sunny
side of the hedge.
auspicious, propitious, providential.
palmy, halcyon; agreeable &c. 829; couleur de rose[Fr].
Adv. prosperously &c. adj.; swimmingly; as good luck would have it;
beyond all hope.
Phr. one's star in the ascendant, all for the best, one's course runs
smooth.
chacun est l'artisan de sa fortune[Fr]; donec eris felix multos
numerabis amicos [Lat][Ovid]; felicitas multos habet amicos[Lat]; felix se
nescit amari [Lat][Lucan]; 'good luck go with thee' [Henry V]; nulli est
homini perpetuum bonum [Lat][Plautus].
#735. Adversity. -- N. adversity, evil &c. 619; failure &c. 732; bad
luck, ill luck, evil luck, adverse luck, hard fortune, hard hap, hard luck,
hard lot; frowns of fortune; evil dispensation, evil star, evil genius|;
vicissitudes of life, ups and downs of life, broken fortunes; hard case,
hard lines, hard life; sea of troubles; peck of troubles; hell upon earth;
slough of despond.
trouble, hardship, curse, blight, blast, load, pressure.
pressure of the times, iron age, evil day, time out of joint; hard
times, bad times, sad times; rainy day, cloud, dark cloud, gathering
clouds, ill wind; visitation, infliction; affliction &c. (painfulness) 830;
bitter pill; care, trial; the sport of fortune.
mishap, mischance, misadventure, misfortune; disaster, calamity,
catastrophe; accident, casualty, cross, reverse, check, contretemps, rub;
backset[obs3], comedown, setback [U.S.].
losing game; falling &c. v.; fall, downfall; ruination, ruinousness;
undoing; extremity; ruin &c. (destruction) 162.
V. be ill off &c. adj.; go hard with; fall on evil, fall on evil days;
go on ill; not prosper &c. 734.
go downhill, go to rack and ruin &c. (destruction) 162, go to the
dogs; fall, fall from one's high estate; decay, sink, decline, go down in
the world; have seen better days; bring down one's gray hairs with sorrow
to the grave; come to grief; be all over, be up with; bring a wasp's nest
about one's ears, bring a hornet's nest about one's ears.
Adj. unfortunate, unblest[obs3], unhappy, unlucky; improsperous[obs3],
unprosperous; hoodooed [U.S.]; luckless, hapless; out of luck; in trouble,
in a bad way, in an evil plight; under a cloud; clouded; ill off, badly
off; in adverse circumstances; poor &c. 804; behindhand, down in the world,
decayed, undone; on the road to ruin, on its last legs, on the wane; in
one's utmost need.
planet-struck, devoted; born under an evil star, born with a wooden
ladle in one's mouth; ill-fated, ill-starred, ill-omened.
adverse, untoward; disastrous, calamitous, ruinous, dire, deplorable.
#736. Mediocrity. -- N. moderate circumstances, average
circumstances; respectability; middle classes; mediocrity; golden mean &c.
(mid-course) 628, (moderation) 174.
V. jog on; go fairly, go quietly, go peaceably, go tolerably, go
respectably, get on fairly, get on quietly, get on peaceably, get on
tolerably, get on respectably.
<-- p. 245 -->
%
DIVISION (II) INTERSOCIAL VOLITION
SECTION I. GENERAL INTERSOCIAL VOLITION
%
<-- Implying the action of the will of one mind over the will of another.
-->
#737. Authority.-- N. authority; influence, patronage, power,
preponderance, credit, prestige, prerogative, jurisdiction; right &c.
(title) 924; direction &c. 693; government &c. 737a.
divine right, dynastic rights, authoritativeness; absoluteness,
absolutism; despotism; jus nocendi[Lat]; jus divinum[Lat].
mastery, mastership, masterdom[obs3]; dictation, control.
hold, grasp; grip, gripe; reach; iron sway &c. (severity) 739; fangs,
clutches, talons; rod of empire &c. (scepter) 747.
[Vicarious authority] commission &c. 755; deputy &c.759; permission
&c. 760.
V. authorize &c. (permit) 760; warrant &c. (right) 924; dictate &c.
(order) 741.
be at the head of &c. adj.; hold office, be in office, fill an office;
hold master, occupy master, a post master, be master &c. 745.
have the upper hand, get the upper hand, have the whip, get the whip;
gain a hold upon, preponderate, dominate, rule the roost; boss [U.S.];
override, overrule, overawe; lord it over, hold in hand, keep under, make a
puppet of, lead by the nose, turn round one's little finger, bend to one's
will, hold one's own, wear the breeches; have the ball at one's feet, have
it all one's own way, have the game in one's own hand, have on the hip,
have under one's thumb; be master of the situation; take the lead, play
first fiddle, set the fashion; give the law to; carry with a high hand; lay
down the law; "ride in the whirlwind and direct the storm" [Addison]; rule
with a rod of iron &c. (severity) 739.
Adj. at the head, dominant, paramount, supreme, predominant,
preponderant, in the ascendant, influential; arbitrary; compulsory &c.
744: stringent.
at one's command; in one's power, in one's grasp; under control.
Adv. in the name of, by the authority of, de par le Roi[Fr], in virtue
of; under the auspices of, in the hands of.
at one's pleasure; by a dash if the pen, by a stroke of the pen; ex
mero motu[Lat]; ex cathedra[Lat: from the chair].
Phr. the gray mare the better horse; "every inch a king" [Lear].
<-- in 4e sections 741 to 748 deal with government and politics. Lots of
words and concepts are new since 1911! Here we make a start with one
heading Yet to do: take political subdivisions from territory 181 and
780, put them all here. -->
#737a. Government. -- N. government, legal authority, soveriegn,
sovereign authority; authority &c. 737; master &c. 745; direction &c. 693.
[nations] national government, nation, state, country, nation-state,
dominion, republic, empire, union, democratic republic; kingdom,
principality.
[subdivisions of nations] state government[U.S terminology], state;
shire[England]; province[Canada]; county[Ireland]; canton[Switzerland];
territory [Australia]; duchy, archduchy, archdukedom[obs3]; woiwodshaft;
commonwealth; region &c. 181; property &c. 780.
[smaller subdivisions] county, parish[Louisiana]; city, domain, tract,
arrondissement[Fr], mofussil[obs3], commune; wappentake, hundred, riding,
lathe, garth[obs3], soke[obs3], tithing; ward, precinct, bailiwick.
command, empire, sway, rule; dominion, domination; sovereignty,
supremacy, suzerainty; lordship, headship[obs3]; chiefdom[obs3]; seigniory,
seigniority[obs3].
rule, sway, command, control, administer; govern &c. (direct) 693;
lead, preside over, reign, possess the throne, be seated on the throne,
occupy the throne; sway the scepter, wield the scepter; wear the crown.
state, realm, body politic, posse comitatus[Lat].
[person in the governing authority] judicature &c. 965; cabinet &c.
(council) 696; seat of government, seat of authority; headquarters.
[Acquisition of authority] accession; installation &c. 755; politics
&c. 737a.
reign, regime, dynasty; directorship, dictatorship; protectorate,
protectorship; caliphate, pashalic[obs3], electorate; presidency,
presidentship[obs3]; administration; proconsul, consulship; prefecture;
seneschalship; magistrature[obs3], magistracy.
monarchy; kinghood[obs3], kingship; royalty, regality;
aristarchy[obs3], aristocracy; oligarchy, democracy, theocracy, demagogy;
commonwealth; dominion; heteronomy; republic, republicanism; socialism;
collectivism; mob law, mobocracy[obs3], ochlocracy[obs3]; vox populi,
imperium in imperio[Lat]; bureaucracy; beadledom[obs3], bumbledom[obs3];
stratocracy; military power, military government, junta; feodality[obs3],
feudal system, feudalism.
thearchy[obs3], theocracy, dinarchy[obs3]; duarchy[obs3], triarchy,
heterarchy[obs3]; duumvirate; triumvirate; autocracy, autonomy; limited
monarchy; constitutional government, constitutional monarchy; home rule;
representative government; monocracy[obs3], pantisocracy[obs3].
gynarchy[obs3], gynocracy[obs3], gynaeocracy[obs3]; petticoat
government.
[government functions] legislature, judiciary, administration.
[Government agencies and institutions] office of the president, office
of the prime minister, cabinet; senate, house of representatives,
parliament; council &c. 696; courts, supreme court; state[U.S. national
government departments (list)], interior, labor, health and human services,
defense, education, agriculture, justice, commerce, treasury; Federal
Bureau of Investigation, FBI; Central Intelligence Agency, CIA; National
Institutes of Health, NIH; Postal Service, Post Office; Federal Aviation
Administration, FAA.
[national government officials] president, vice president, cabinet
member, prime minister, minister; senator, representatative, president pro
tem[Lat], speaker of the house; department head, section head, section
chief; federal judge, justice, justice of the supreme court, chief justice;
treasurer, secretary of the treasury; director of the FBI.
[state government officials] governor, state cabinet member; state
senator, assemblyman, assemblywoman.
V. govern, rule, have authority, hold authority, possess authority,
exercise authority, exert authority, wield authority &c. n.; reign, be
sovereign.
[acquire authority] ascend the throne, mount the throne; take the
reins, take the reins into one's hand; assume authority &c. n., assume the
reins of government; take command, assume command.
[contend for authority] politics &c. 737a.
be governed by, be in the power of, be a subject of, be a citizen of.
Adj. regal, sovereign, governing; royal, royalist; monarchical,
kingly; imperial, imperiatorial[obs3]; princely; feudal; aristocratic,
autocratic; oligarchic &c. n.; republican, dynastic.
ruling &c. v.; regnant, gubernatorial; imperious; authoritative,
executive, administrative, clothed with authority, official, departmental,
ex officio, imperative, peremptory, overruling, absolute; hegemonic,
hegemonical[obs3]; authorized &c. (due) 924.
[pertaining to property owned by government] government, public;
national, federal; his majesty's[Great Britain], her majesty's; state,
county, city, &c. n.
Phr[cf. nations, subdivisions of nations, smaller subdivisions]. "a
dog's obeyed in office" [Lear]; cada uno tiene su alguazil[obs3][Sp]; le
Roi le veut[Fr]; regibus esse manus en nescio longas[obs3][Lat]; regnant
populi[Lat]; "the demigod Authority" [Measure for Measure]; "the right
divine of kings to govern wrong" [Pope]; "uneasy lies the head that wears a
crown" [Henry IV].
#737b. Politics. [contention for governmental authority or influence].
-- N. politics; political science; candidacy, campaign, campaigning,
electioneering; partisanship, ideology, factionalism.
election, poll, ballot, vote, referendum, recall, initiative, voice,
suffrage, plumper, cumulative vote, plebiscitum[Lat], plebiscite, vox
populi; electioneering; voting &c. v.; elective franchise; straight ticket
[U.S.]; opinion poll, popularity poll.
issue; opinion, stand, position; program, platform; party line.
[ideologies] democracy, republicanism; communism, statism, state
socialism; socialism; conservatism, toryism; liberalism, whigism;
theocracy; constitutional monarchy.
[political parties] party &c. 712; Democratic Party[U.S: list],
Republican Party, Socialist Party, Communist Party; Federalist Party[U.S.
defunct parties: list], Bull Moose Party, Abolitionist Party; Christian
Democratic Party[Germany: list], Social Democratic Party; National
Socialist Worker's Party[Germany, 1930-1945], Nazi Party; Liberal
Party[Great Britain:list], Labor Party, Conservative Party.
ticket, slate.
[person active in politics] politician[general], activist;
candidate[specific politicians: list], aspirant, hopeful, office-seeker,
front-runner, dark horse, long shot, shoo-in; supporter, backer, political
worker, campaign worker; lobbyist, contributor; party hack, ward heeler;
regional candidate, favorite son; running mate, stalking horse; perpetual
candidate, political animal.
political contribution, campaign contribution; political action
committee, PAC.
political district, electoral division, electoral district, bailiwick.
electorate, constituents.
get-out-the-vote campaign, political education.
negative campaigning, dirty politics, smear campaign.
[unsuccessful candidate] also-ran, loser; has-been.
[successful candidate] office holder, official, occupant of a
position; public servant, incumbent; winner.
V. run for office, stand for office; campaign, stump; throw one's hat
in the ring; announce one's candidacy.
Adj. political, partisan.
Phr. "Money is the mother's milk of politics" [Tip O'Neill].
<-- p. 246 -->
#738. [Absence of authority] Laxity.-- N. laxity; laxness, looseness,
slackness; toleration &c. (lenity) 740; freedom &c. 748.
anarchy, interregnum; relaxation; loosening &c. v.; remission; dead
letter, brutum fulmen[Lat], misrule; license, licentiousness;
insubordination &c. (disobedience) 742; lynch law &c. (illegality) 964;
nihilism, reign of violence.
[Deprivation of power] dethronement, deposition, usurpation,
abdication.
V. be -lax &c. adj.; laisser faire[Fr], laisser aller[Fr]; hold a
loose rein; give the reins to, give rope enough, give a loose to; tolerate;
relax; misrule.
go beyond the length of one's tether; have one's swing, have one's
fling; act without instructions, act without authority, act outside of
one's authority; act on one's own responsibility, usurp authority.
dethrone, depose; abdicate.
Adj. lax, loose; slack; remiss &c. (careless) 460; weak.
relaxed; licensed; reinless[obs3], unbridled; anarchical; unauthorized
&c. (unwarranted) 925; adespotic[obs3].
#739. Severity.-- N. severity; strictness, harshness &c. adj.; rigor,
stringency, austerity; inclemency &c. (pitilessness) 914a; arrogance &c.
885; precisianism[obs3].
arbitrary power; absolutism, despotism; dictatorship, autocracy,
tyranny, domineering, oppression; assumption, usurpation; inquisition,
reign of terror, martial law; iron heel, iron rule, iron hand, iron sway;
tight grasp; brute force, brute strength; coercion &c. 744; strong hand,
tight hand.
hard lines, hard measure; tender mercies [ironical]; sharp practice;
pipe-clay, officialism.
tyrant, disciplinarian, precisian[obs3], martinet, stickler,
bashaw[obs3], despot, hard master, Draco, oppressor, inquisitor,
extortioner, harpy, vulture; accipitres[obs3], birds of prey,
raptorials[obs3], raptors[obs3].
V. be -severe &c. adj.
assume, usurp, arrogate, take liberties; domineer, bully &c. 885;
tyrannize, inflict, wreak, stretch a point, put on the screw; be hard upon;
bear a heavy hand on, lay a heavy hand on; be down upon, come down upon;
ill treat; deal hardly with, deal hard measure to; rule with a rod of iron,
chastise with scorpions; dye with blood; oppress, override; trample under
foot; tread under foot, tread upon, trample upon, tread down upon, trample
down upon; crush under an iron heel, ride roughshod over; rivet the yoke;
hold a tight hand, keep a tight hand; force down the throat; coerce &c.
744; give no quarter &c. (pitiless) 914a.
Adj. severe; strict, hard, harsh, dour, rigid, stiff, stern, rigorous,
uncompromising, exacting, exigent, exigeant[obs3], inexorable, inflexible,
obdurate, austere, hard-headed, hard-nosed, hard-shell [U.S.], relentless,
Spartan, Draconian, stringent, strait-laced, searching, unsparing, iron-
handed, peremptory, absolute, positive, arbitrary, imperative; coercive &c.
744; tyrannical, extortionate, grinding, withering, oppressive,
inquisitorial; inclement &c. (ruthless) 914a; cruel &c. (malevolent) 907;
haughty, arrogant &c. 885; precisian[obs3].
Adv. severely &c. adj.; with a high hand, with a strong hand, with a
tight hand, with a heavy hand.
at the point of the sword, at the point of the bayonet.
Phr. Delirant reges plectuntur Achivi[Lat]; manu forti[Lat]; ogni
debole ha sempre il suo tiranno[It].
<-- p. 247 -->
#740. Lenity.-- N. lenity, lenience, leniency; moderation &c. 174;
tolerance, toleration; mildness, gentleness; favor, indulgence,
indulgency[obs3]; clemency, mercy, forbearance, quarter; compassion &c.
914.
V. be -lenient &c. adj.; tolerate, bear with; parcere subjectis[Lat],
give quarter.
indulge, allow one to have his own way, spoil.
Adj. lenient; mild, mild as milk; gentle, soft; tolerant, indulgent,
easy-going; clement &c. (compassionate) 914; forbearing; long-suffering.
#741. Command.-- N. command, order, ordinance, act, fiat, hukm[obs3],
bidding, dictum, hest[obs3], behest, call, beck, nod.
despatch, dispatch; message, direction, injunction, charge,
instructions; appointment, fixture.
demand, exaction, imposition, requisition, claim, reclamation,
revendication[obs3]; ultimatum &c. (terms) 770; request &c. 765;
requirement.
dictation; dictate, mandate; caveat, decree, senatus consultum[Lat];
precept; prescript, rescript; writ, ordination, bull, ex cathedra
pronouncement[Lat], edict, decretal[obs3], dispensation, prescription,
brevet, placit[obs3], ukase, ukaz [Russian], firman, hatti-sherif[obs3],
warrant, passport, mittimus[Law@crim], mandamus, summons, subpoena, nisi
prius[Lat], interpellation, citation; word, word of command; mot
d'ordre[Fr]; bugle call, trumpet call; beat of drum, tattoo; order of the
day; enactment &c. (law) 963; plebiscite &c. (choice) 609.
V. command, order, decree, enact, ordain, dictate, direct, give
orders.
prescribe, set, appoint, mark out; set a task, prescribe a task,
impose a task; set to work, put in requisition.
bid, enjoin, charge, call upon, instruct; require at the hands of;
exact, impose, tax, task; demand; insist on &c. (compel) 744.
claim, lay claim to, revendicate[obs3], reclaim.
cite, summon; call for, send for; subpoena; beckon.
issue a command; make a requisition, issue a requisition, promulgate a
requisition, make a decree, issue a decree, promulgate a decree, make an
order, issue an order, promulgate an order &c. n.; give the word of
command, give the word, give the signal; call to order; give the law, lay
down the law; assume the command &c. (authority) 737; remand.
be -ordered &c.; receive an order &c. n.
Adj. commanding &c. v.; authoritative &c. 737; decretory[obs3],
decretive[obs3], decretal[obs3]; callable, jussive[obs3].
Adv. in a commanding tone; by a stroke of the pen, by a dash of the
pen; by order, at beat of drum, on the first summons.
Phr. the decree is gone forth; sic volo sic jubeo[Lat]; le Roi le
veut[Fr]; boutez en avant[Fr].
<-- p. 248 -->
#742. Disobedience.-- N. disobedience, insubordination, contumacy;
infraction, infringement; violation, noncompliance; nonobservance &c. 773.
revolt, rebellion, mutiny, outbreak, rising, uprising, insurrection,
emeute[Fr]; riot, tumult &c. (disorder) 59; strike &c.(resistance) 719;
barring out; defiance &c. 715.
mutinousness &c. adj.; mutineering[obs3]; sedition, treason; high
treason, petty treason, misprision of treason; premunire[Lat]; lese
majeste[Fr]; violation of law &c. 964; defection, secession.
insurgent, mutineer, rebel, revolter, revolutionary, rioter, traitor,
quisling, carbonaro[obs3], sansculottes[Fr], red republican, bonnet rouge,
communist, Fenian, frondeur; seceder, secessionist, runagate, renegade,
brawler, anarchist, demagogue; Spartacus, Masaniello, Wat Tyler, Jack Cade;
ringleader.
V. disobey, violate, infringe; shirk; set at defiance &c. (defy) 715;
set authority at naught, run riot, fly in the face of; take the law into
one's own hands; kick over the traces.
turn restive, run restive; champ the bit; strike &c. (resist) 719;
rise, rise in arms; secede; mutiny, rebel.
Adj. disobedient; uncomplying, uncompliant; unsubmissive[obs3],
unruly, ungovernable; breachy[obs3], insubordinate, impatient of control,
incorrigible; restiff|, restive; refractory, contumacious, recusant &c.
(refuse) 764; recalcitrant; resisting &c. 719; lawless, mutinous,
seditions, insurgent, riotous.
unobeyed[obs3]; unbidden.
Phr. seditiosissimus quisque ignavus [Lat][Tacitus]; "unthread the
rude eye of rebellion" [King John].
#743. Obedience.-- N. obedience; observance &c. 772; compliance;
submission &c. 725; subjection &c. 749; nonresistance; passiveness,
resignation.
allegiance, loyalty, fealty, homage, deference, devotion; constancy,
fidelity.
submissness[obs3], submissiveness; ductility &c. (softness) 324;
obsequiousness &c. (servility) 886.
V. be -obedient &c. adj.; obey, bear obedience to; submit &c. 725;
comply, answer the helm, come at one's call; do one's bidding, do what one
is told, do suit and service; attend to orders, serve faithfully.
follow the lead of, follow to the world's end; serve &c. 746; play
second fiddle.
Adj. obedient; complying, compliant; loyal, faithful, devoted; at
one's call, at one's command, at one's orders, at one's beck and call;
under beck and call, under control.
restrainable; resigned, passive; submissive &c. 725; henpecked; pliant
&c. (soft) 324.
unresisted[obs3].
Adv. obediently &c. adj.; in compliance with, in obedience to.
Phr. to hear is to obey; as you please, if you please; your wish is my
command; as you wish; no sooner said than done.
#744. Compulsion.-- N. compulsion, coercion, coaction[obs3],
constraint, duress, enforcement, press, conscription.
force; brute force, main force, physical force; the sword, ultima
ratio[Lat]; club law, lynch law, mob law, arguementum baculinum[obs3], le
droit du plus fort[Fr], martial law.
restraint &c. 751; necessity &c. 601; force majeure[Fr]; Hobson's
choice.
V. compel, force, make, drive, coerce, constrain, enforce,
necessitate, oblige.
force upon, press; cram down the throat, thrust down the throat, force
down the throat; say it must be done, make a point of, insist upon, take no
denial; put down, dragoon.
extort, wring from; squeeze, put on the squeeze; put on the screws,
turn on the screw; drag into; bind, bind over; pin down, tie down; require,
tax, put in force; commandeer; restrain &c. 751.
Adj. compelling &c. v.; coercive, coactive[obs3]; inexorable &c. 739;
compulsory, compulsatory[obs3]; obligatory, stringent, peremptory.
forcible, not to be trifled with; irresistible &c. 601; compelled &c.
v.; fain to.
Adv. by force &c. n., by force of arms; on compulsion, perforce; vi et
armis[Lat], under the lash; at the point of the sword, at the point of the
bayonet; forcibly; by a strong arm.
under protest, in spite of one's teeth; against one's will &c. 603;
nolens volens &c. (of necessity) 601[Lat]; by stress of circumstances, by
stress of weather; under press of; de rigueur.
with a gun to one's head.
Phr. I'll make him an offer he can't refuse.
<-- p. 249 -->
#745. Master.-- N. master, padrone; lord, lord paramount; commander,
commandant; captain; chief, chieftain; sirdar[obs3], sachem, sheik, head,
senior, governor, ruler, dictator; leader &c. (director) 694; boss,
cockarouse[obs3], sagamore[ISA:chief@algonquin], werowance[obs3].
lord of the ascendant; cock of the walk, cock of the roost; gray mare;
mistress.
potentate; liege, liege lord; suzerain, sovereign, monarch, autocrat,
despot, tyrant, oligarch.
crowned head, emperor, king, anointed king, majesty, imperator[Lat],
protector, president, stadholder[obs3], judge.
ceasar, kaiser, czar, tsar, sultan, soldan|, grand Turk, caliph,
imaum[obs3], shah, padishah[obs3], sophi[obs3], mogul, great mogul, khan,
lama, tycoon, mikado, tenno[Jap], inca, cazique[obs3]; voivode[obs3];
landamman[obs3]; seyyid[obs3]; Abuna[obs3], cacique[obs3], czarowitz[obs3],
grand seignior.
prince, duke &c. (nobility) 875; archduke, doge, elector; seignior;
marland[obs3], margrave; rajah, emir, wali, sheik nizam[obs3], nawab.
empress, queen, sultana, czarina, princess, infanta, duchess,
margravine[obs3]; czarevna[obs3], czarita[obs3]; maharani, rani,
rectrix[obs3].
regent, viceroy, exarch[obs3], palatine, khedive, hospodar[obs3],
beglerbeg[obs3], three-tailed bashaw[obs3], pasha, bashaw[obs3], bey, beg,
dey[obs3], scherif[obs3], tetrarch, satrap, mandarin, subahdar[obs3],
nabob, maharajah; burgrave[obs3]; laird &c. (proprietor) 779; collector,
commissioner, deputy commissioner, woon[obs3].
the authorities, the powers that be, the government; staff, etat
major[Fr], aga[obs3], official, man in office, person in authority;
sircar[obs3], sirkar[obs3], Sublime Porte.
[Military authorities] marshal, field marshal, marechal[obs3];
general, generalissimo; commander in chief, seraskier[obs3], hetman[obs3];
lieutenant general, major general; colonel, lieutenant colonel, major,
captain, centurion, skipper, lieutenant, first lieutenant, second
lieutenant, sublieutenant, officer, staff officer, aide-de-camp, brigadier,
brigade major, adjutant, jemidar[obs3], ensign, cornet, cadet, subaltern,
noncommissioned officer, warrant officer; sergeant, sergeant major; color
sergeant; corporal, corporal major; lance corporal, acting corporal; drum
major; captain general, dizdar[obs3], knight marshal, naik[obs3],
pendragon.
[Civil authorities] mayor, mayoralty; prefect, chancellor, archon,
provost, magistrate, syndic; alcalde[obs3], alcaid[obs3]; burgomaster,
corregidor[obs3], seneschal, alderman, councilman, committeeman,
councilwoman, warden, constable, portreeve[obs3]; lord mayor; officer &c.
(executive) 965; dewan[obs3], fonctionnaire[Fr].
[Naval authorities] admiral, admiralty; rear admiral, vice admiral,
port admiral; commodore, captain, commander, lieutenant, ensign, skipper,
mate, master, officer of the day, OD; navarch[obs3].
Phr. da locum melioribus[Lat]; der Furst ist der erste Diener seines
Staats [German: the prince is the first servant of his state]; "lord of thy
presence and no land beside" [King John].
#746. Servant.-- N. subject, liegeman[obs3]; servant, retainer,
follower, henchman, servitor, domestic, menial, help, lady help, employe,
attache; official.
retinue, suite, cortege, staff, court.
attendant, squire, usher, page, donzel[obs3], footboy[obs3]; train
bearer, cup bearer; waiter, lapster[obs3], butler, livery servant, lackey,
footman, flunky, flunkey, valet, valet de chambre[Fr]; equerry, groom;
jockey, hostler, ostler[obs3], tiger, orderly, messenger, cad,
gillie[obs3], herdsman, swineherd; barkeeper, bartender; bell boy, boots,
boy, counterjumper[obs3]; khansamah[obs3], khansaman[obs3];
khitmutgar[obs3]; yardman.
bailiff, castellan[obs3], seneschal, chamberlain, major-domo[obs3],
groom of the chambers.
secretary; under secretary, assistant secretary; clerk; subsidiary;
agent &c. 758; subaltern; underling, understrapper; man.
maid, maidservant; handmaid; confidente[Fr], lady's maid, abigail,
soubrette; amah[obs3], biddy, nurse, bonne[Fr], ayah[obs3]; nursemaid,
nursery maid, house maid, parlor maid, waiting maid, chamber maid, kitchen
maid, scullery maid; femme de chambre[Fr], femme fille[Fr];
camarista[obs3]; chef de cuisine,cordon bleu[Fr], cook, scullion,
Cinderella; potwalloper[obs3]; maid of all work, servant of all work;
laundress, bedmaker[obs3]; journeyman, charwoman &c. (worker) 690; bearer,
chokra[obs3], gyp [Cambridge], hamal[obs3], scout [Oxford].
serf, vassal, slave, negro, helot; bondsman, bondswoman[obs3];
bondslave[obs3]; ame damnee[Fr], odalisque, ryot[obs3], adscriptus
gleboe[Lat]; villian[obs3], villein; beadsman[obs3], bedesman[obs3];
sizar[obs3]; pensioner, pensionary[obs3]; client; dependant, dependent;
hanger on, satellite; parasite &c. (servility) 886; led captain;
protege[Fr], ward, hireling, mercenary, puppet, tool, creature.
badge of slavery; bonds &c. 752.
V. serve; wait upon, attend upon, dance attendance upon, pin oneself
upon; squire, tend, hang on the sleeve of; chore [U.S.].
Adj. in the train of; in one's pay, in one's employ; at one's call &c.
(obedient) 743; in bonds.
#747. [Insignia of authority.] Scepter.-- N. scepter, regalia,
caduceus; Mercury's rod, Mercury's staff, Mercury's wand; rod of empire,
mace, fasces[obs3], wand; staff, staff of office; baton, truncheon; flag
&c. (insignia) 550; ensign of authority, emblem of authority, badge of
authority, insignia of authority.
throne, chair, musnud[obs3], divan, dais, woolsack[obs3].
toga, pall, mantle, robes of state, ermine, purple.
crown, coronet, diadem, tiara, cap of maintenance; decoration; title
&c. 877; portfolio.
key, signet, seals, talisman; helm; reins &c. (means of restraint)
752.
<-- p. 250 -->
#748. Freedom.-- N. freedom, liberty, independence; license &c.
(permission) 760; facility &c. 705.
scope, range, latitude, play; free play, full play, free scope, full
scope; free stage and no favor; swing, full swing, elbowroom, margin, rope,
wide berth; Liberty Hall.
franchise, denization[obs3]; free man, freed man, livery man; denizen.
autonomy, self-government, liberalism, free trade; noninterference &c.
706; Monroe Doctrine [U.S.].
immunity, exemption; emancipation &c. (liberation) 750;
enfranchisement, affranchisement[obs3].
free land, freehold; allodium[obs3]; frankalmoigne[Fr], mortmain[Fr].
bushwhacker; freelance, free thinker, free trader; independent.
V. be free &c. adj.; have scope &c. n., have the run of, have one's
own way, have a will of one's own, have one's fling; do what one likes, do
what one wishes, do what one pleases, do what one chooses; go at large,
feel at home, paddle one's own canoe; stand on one's legs, stand on one's
rights; shift for oneself.
take a liberty; make free with, make oneself quite at home; use a
freedom; take leave, take French leave.
set free &c. (liberate) 750; give a loose to &c. (permit) 760; allow
scope &c. n. to, give scope &c. n. to; give a horse his head.
make free of; give the freedom of, give the franchise; enfranchise,
affranchise[obs3].
laisser faire[Fr], laisser aller[Fr]; live and let live; leave to
oneself; leave alone, let alone.
Adj. free, free as air; out of harness, independent, at large, loose,
scot-free; left alone, left to oneself.
in full swing; uncaught, unconstrained, unbuttoned, unconfined,
unrestrained, unchecked, unprevented[obs3], unhindered, unobstructed,
unbound, uncontrolled, untrammeled.
unsubject[obs3], ungoverned, unenslaved[obs3], unenthralled[obs3],
unchained, unshackled, unfettered, unreined[obs3], unbridled, uncurbed,
unmuzzled.
unrestricted, unlimited, unmitigated, unconditional; absolute;
discretionary &c. (optional) 600.
unassailed, unforced, uncompelled.
unbiassed[obs3], spontaneous.
free and easy; at ease, at one's ease; degage[Fr], quite at home;
wanton, rampant, irrepressible, unvanquished[obs3].
exempt; freed &c. 750; freeborn; autonomous, freehold, allodial[obs3];
gratis &c. 815; eleutherian[obs3].
unclaimed, going a begging.
Adv. freely &c. adj.; ad libitum &c. (at will) 600.
Phr. ubi libertas ibi patria[Lat]; free white and twenty-one.
#749. Subjection.-- N. subjection; dependence, dependency;
subordination; thrall, thralldom, thraldom, enthrallment, subjugation,
bondage, serfdom; feudalism, feudality[obs3]; vassalage, villenage;
slavery, enslavement, involuntary servitude; conquest.
service; servitude, servitorship[obs3]; tendence[obs3], employ,
tutelage, clientship[obs3]; liability &c. 177; constraint &c.751;
oppression &c. (severity) 739; yoke &c. (means of restraint) 752;
submission &c. 725; obedience &c. 743.
V. be subject &c. adj.; be at the mercy of, lie at the mercy of;
depend upon, lean upon, hang upon; fall a prey to, fall under; play second
fiddle.
be a mere machine, be a puppet, be a football; not dare to say one's
soul is his own; drag a chain.
serve &c. 746; obey &c. 743; submit &c. 725.
break in, tame; subject, subjugate; master &c. 731; tread down, tread
under foot; weigh down; drag at one's chariot wheels; reduce to subjection,
reduce to slavery; enthrall, inthrall[obs3], bethrall[obs3]; enslave, lead
captive; take into custody &c. (restrain) 751; rule &c. 737; drive into a
corner, hold at the sword's point; keep under; hold in bondage, hold in
leading strings, hold in swaddling clothes.
Adj. subject, dependent, subordinate; feudal, feudatory; in subjection
to, under control; in leading strings, in harness; subjected, enslaved &c.
v.; constrained &c. 751; downtrodden; overborne, overwhelmed; under the
lash, on the hip, led by the nose, henpecked; the puppet of, the sport of,
the plaything of; under one's orders, under one's command, under one's
thumb; a slave to; at the mercy of; in the power of, in the hands of, in
the clutches of; at the feet of; at one's beck and call &c. (obedient) 743;
liable &c. 177; parasitical; stipendiary.
Adv. under.
Phr. "slaves - in a land of light and law" [Whittier].
<-- p. 251 -->
#750. Liberation.-- N. liberation, disengagement, release,
enlargement, emancipation; disenthrallment[obs3], disenthralment[obs3];
affranchisement[obs3], enfranchisement; manumission; discharge, dismissal.
deliverance &c. 672; redemption, extrication, acquittance, absolution;
acquittal &c. 970; escape &c.671.
V. liberate, free; set free, set clear, set at liberty; render free,
emancipate, release; enfranchise, affranchise[obs3]; manumit; enlarge;
disband, discharge, disenthrall, disenthral, dismiss; let go, let loose,
loose, let out, let slip; cast adrift, turn adrift; deliver &c. 672;
absolve &c. (acquit) 970.
unfetter &c. 751, untie &c. 43; loose &c. (disjoin) 44; loosen,
relax; unbolt, unbar, unclose, uncork, unclog, unhand, unbind, unchain,
unharness, unleash; disengage, disentangle; clear, extricate, unloose.
gain one's liberty, obtain one's liberty, acquire one's liberty &c.
748; get rid of, get clear of; deliver oneself from; shake off the yoke,
slip the collar; break loose, break prison; tear asunder one's bonds, cast
off trammels; escape &c. 671.
Adj. liberated &c. v.; out of harness &c. (free) 748.
Int. unhand me! let me go!
#751. Restraint.-- N. restraint; hindrance &c. 706; coercion &c.
(compulsion) 744; cohibition[obs3], constraint, repression, suppression;
discipline, control.
confinement; durance, duress; imprisonment; incarceration,
coarctation|, entombment, mancipation[obs3], durance vile, limbo,
captivity; blockade.
arrest, arrestation[obs3]; custody, keep, care, charge, ward,
restringency[obs3].
curb &c. (means of restraint) 752; lettres de cachet[Fr].
limitation, restriction, protection, monopoly; prohibition &c. 761.
prisoner &c. 754; repressionist[obs3].
V. restrain, check; put under restraint, lay under restraint; enthral,
enthrall, inthral[obs3], inthrall[obs3], bethral[obs3], bethrall[obs3];
restrict; debar &c. (hinder) 706; constrain; coerce &c. (compel) 744; curb,
control; hold back, hold from, hold in, hold in check, hold within bounds,
keep back, keep from, keep in, keep in check, keep within bounds; hold in
leash, hold in leading strings; withhold.
keep under; repress, suppress; smother; pull in, rein in; hold, hold
fast; keep a tight hand on; prohibit &c. 761; inhibit, cohibit[obs3].
enchain; fasten &c. (join) 43; fetter, shackle; entrammel[obs3];
bridle, muzzle, hopple[obs3], gag, pinion, manacle, handcuff, tie one's
hands, hobble, bind hand and foot; swathe, swaddle; pin down, tether;
picket; tie down, tie up; secure; forge fetters; disable, hamstring
(incapacitate) 158.
confine; shut up, shut in; clap up, lock up, box up, mew up, bottle
up, cork up, seal up, button up; hem in, bolt in, wall in, rail in;
impound, pen, coop; inclose &c. (circumscribe) 229; cage; incage[obs3],
encage[obs3]; close the door upon, cloister; imprison, immure; incarcerate,
entomb; clap under hatches, lay under hatches; put in irons, put in a
strait-waistcoat; throw into prison, cast into prison; put into bilboes.
arrest; take up, take charge of, take into custody; take prisoner,
take captive, make prisoner, make captive; captivate; lead captive, lead
into captivity; send to prison, commit to prison; commit; give in charge,
give in custody; subjugate &c. 749.
Adj. restrained, constrained; imprisoned &c.v.; pent up; jammed in,
wedged in; under lock and key, under restraint, under hatches; in swaddling
clothes; on parole; in custody, doing time &c. (prisoner) 754;
cohibitive[obs3]; coactive &c. (compulsory) 744[obs3].
stiff, restringent[obs3], strait-laced, hidebound, barkbound[obs3].
ice bound, wind bound, weather bound; "cabined cribbed confined"
[Macbeth]; in Lob's pound, laid by the heels.
<-- p. 252 -->
#752. [Means of restraint.] Prison.-- N. prison, prison house; jail,
gaol, cage, coop, den, cell; stronghold, fortress, keep, donjon, dungeon,
Bastille, oubliette, bridewell[obs3], house of correction, hulks,
tollbooth, panopticon[obs3], penitentiary, guardroom, lockup, hold; round
house, watch house, station house, sponging house; station; house of
detention, black hole, pen, fold, pound; inclosure &c. 232; isolation
(exclusion) 893; penal settlement, penal colony; bilboes, stocks, limbo,
quod*[Lat]; calaboose, chauki[obs3], choky[obs3], thana[obs3]; workhouse
[U.S.].
Newgate, Fleet, Marshalsea; King's (or Queen's) Bench.
bond; bandage; irons, pinion, gyve, fetter, shackle, trammel, manacle,
handcuff, straight jacket, strait jacket, strait-jacket, strait-waistcoat,
hopples[obs3]; vice, vise.
yoke, collar, halter, harness; muzzle, gag, bit, brake, curb, snaffle,
bridle; rein, reins; bearing rein; martingale; leading string; tether,
picket, band, guy, chain; cord &c. (fastening) 45; cavesson[obs3],
hackamore [obs3][U.S.], headstall, jaquima [obs3][U.S.], lines, ribbons.
bolt, deadbolt, bar, lock, police lock, combination lock, padlock,
rail, wall, stone wall; paling, palisade; fence, picket fence, barbed wire
fence, Cyclone fence, stockade fence, chain-link fence; barrier, barricade.
drag &c. (hindrance) 706.
#753. Keeper.-- N. keeper, custodian, custos[Lat], ranger, warder,
jailer, gaoler, turnkey, castellan[obs3], guard; watchdog, watchman;
Charley; chokidar[obs3], durwan[obs3], hayward[obs3]; sentry, sentinel;
watch and ward; concierge, coast guard, guarda costa[Sp], game keeper.
escort, bodyguard.
protector, governor, duenna[Sp]; guardian; governess &c. (teacher)
540; nurse, nanny, babysitter, catsitter, dogsitter, bonne[Fr],
ayah[obs3].
#754. Prisoner.-- N. prisoner, prisoner of war, POW, captive, inmate,
detainee, hostage, abductee[obs3], detenu[Fr], close prisoner.
jail bird, ticket of leave man, chevronne[Fr].
V. stand committed; be imprisoned &c. 751.
take prisoner, take hostage (capture) 789.
Adj. imprisoned &c. 751; in prison, in quod*[Lat], in durance vile, in
limbo, in custody, doing time, in charge, in chains; under lock and key,
under hatches; on parole.
#755. [Vicarious authority.] Commission.-- N. commission, delegation;
consignment, assignment; procuration[obs3]; deputation, legation, mission,
embassy; agency, agentship[obs3]; power of attorney; clerkship; surrogacy.
errand, charge, brevet, diploma, exequatur[Lat], permit &c.
(permission) 760.
appointment, nomination, designation, return; charter; ordination;
installation, inauguration, investiture, swearing-in; accession,
coronation, enthronement.
vicegerency; regency, regentship.
viceroy &c. 745; consignee &c. 758; deputy &c. 759.
[person who receives a commission] agent, delegate, consignee &c. 758.
V. commission, delegate, depute; consign, assign; charge; intrust,
entrust; commit, commit to the hands of; authorize &c. (permit) 760.
put in commission, accredit, engage, hire, bespeak, appoint, name,
nominate, return, ordain; install, induct, inaugurate, swear in, invest,
crown; enroll, enlist; give power of attorney to.
employ, empower; set over, place over; send out.
be commissioned, be accredited; represent, stand for; stand in the
stead of, stand in the place of, stand in the shoes of.
Adj. commissioned &c. v.
Adv. per procurationem[Lat].
#756. Abrogation.-- N. abrogation, annulment, nullification, recision;
vacatur[Lat]; canceling &c. v.; cancel; revocation, revokement[obs3];
repeal, rescission, defeasance.
dismissal, conge[Fr], demission|; bounce* [U.S.]; deposal, deposition;
dethronement; disestablishment, disendowment[obs3]; deconsecration; sack*,
walking papers, pink slip, walking ticket; yellow cover*.
abolition, abolishment; dissolution.
counter order, countermand; repudiation, retraction,
retractation[obs3]; recantation &c. (tergiversation) 607; abolitionist.
V. abrogate, annul, cancel; destroy &c. 162; abolish; revoke,
repeal, rescind, reverse, retract, recall; abolitionize[obs3]; overrule,
override; set aside; disannul, dissolve, quash, nullify, declare null and
void; disestablish, disendow[obs3]; deconsecrate.
disclaim &c. (deny) 536; ignore, repudiate; recant &c. 607; divest
oneself, break off.
countermand, counter order; do away with; sweep away, brush away;
throw overboard, throw to the dogs; scatter to the winds, cast behind.
dismiss, discard; cast off, turn off, cast out, cast adrift, cast out
of doors, cast aside, cast away; send off, send away, send packing, send
about one's business; discharge, get rid of &c. (eject) 297; bounce*
[U.S.]; fire*, fire out*; sack*.
cashier; break; oust; unseat, unsaddle; unthrone[obs3], dethrone,
disenthrone[obs3]; depose, uncrown[obs3]; unfrock, strike off the roll;
disbar, disbench[obs3].
be abrogated &c.; receive its quietus; walk the plank.
Adj. abrogated &c. v.; functus officio[Lat].
Int. get along with you! begone! go about your business! away with!
<-- p. 253 -->
#757. Resignation.-- N. resignation, retirement, abdication,
renunciation, abjuration; abandonment, relinquishment.
V. resign; give up, throw up; lay down, throw up the cards, wash one's
hands of, abjure, renounce, forego, disclaim, retract; deny &c. 536.
abrogate &c. 756; desert &c. (relinquish) 624; get rid of &c. 782.
abdicate; vacate, vacate one's seat; accept the stewardship of the
Chiltern Hundreds; retire; tender one's resignation.
Adj. abdicant[obs3].
Phr. "Othello's occupation's gone" [Othello].
#758. Consignee.-- N. consignee, trustee, nominee, committee.
agent, delegate; commissary, commissioner; emissary, envoy,
commissionaire[Fr]; messenger &c. 534.
diplomatist, diplomat(e), corps diplomatique[Fr], embassy; ambassador,
embassador[obs3]; representative, resident, consul, legate, nuncio,
internuncio[obs3], charge d'affaires[Fr], attache.
vicegerent &c. (deputy) 759; plenipotentiary.
functionary, placeman[obs3], curator; treasurer &c. 801; factor,
bailiff, clerk, secretary, attorney, advocate, solicitor, proctor, broker,
underwriter, commission agent, auctioneer, one's man of business; factotum
&c. (director) 694; caretaker; dalal[obs3], dubash[obs3], garnishee,
gomashta[obs3].
negotiator, go-between; middleman; under agent, employe; servant &c.
746; referee, arbitrator &c.. (judge) 967.
traveler, bagman, commis-voyageur[Fr], touter[obs3], commercial
traveler, drummer [U.S.], traveling man.
newspaper correspondent, own correspondent, special correspondent.
#759. Deputy.-- N. deputy, substitute, vice, proxy, locum tenens,
badli[obs3], delegate, representative, next friend, surrogate, secondary.
regent, viceregent[obs3], vizier, minister, vicar; premier &c.
(director) 694; chancellor, prefect, provost, warden, lieutenant, archon,
consul, proconsul; viceroy &c. (governor) 745; commissioner &c. 758; Tsung-
li Yamen, Wai Wu Pu; plenipotentiary, alter ego.
team, eight, eleven; champion.
V. be deputy &c. n.; stand for, appear for, hold a brief for, answer
for; represent; stand in the shoes of, walk in the shoes of; stand in the
stead of.
ablegate[obs3], accredit.
Adj. acting, vice, vice regal; accredited to.
Adv. in behalf of.
<-- p. 254 -->
%
Section II. SPECIAL INTERSOCIAL VOLITION
%
#760. Permission.-- N. permission, leave; allowance, sufferance;
tolerance, toleration; liberty, law, license, concession, grace; indulgence
&c. (lenity) 740; favor, dispensation, exemption, release; connivance;
vouchsafement[obs3].
authorization, warranty, accordance, admission.
permit, warrant, brevet, precept, sanction, authority, firman;
hukm[obs3]; pass, passport; furlough, license, carte blanche[Fr], ticket of
leave; grant, charter; patent, letters patent.
V. permit; give permission &c. n., give power; let, allow, admit;
suffer, bear with, tolerate, recognize; concede &c. 762; accord, vouchsafe,
favor, humor, gratify, indulge, stretch a point; wink at, connive at; shut
one's eyes to.
grant, empower, charter, enfranchise, privilege, confer a privilege,
license, authorize, warrant; sanction; intrust &c. (commission) 755.
give carte blanche[Fr], give the reins to, give scope to &c. (freedom)
748; leave alone, leave it to one, leave the door open; open the door to,
open the flood gates; give a loose to.
let off; absolve &c. (acquit) 970; release, exonerate, dispense with.
ask permission, beg permission, request permission, ask leave, beg
leave, request leave.
Adj. permitting &c. v.; permissive, indulgent; permitted &c. v.;
patent, chartered, permissible, allowable, lawful, legitimate, legal;
legalized &c. (law) 963; licit; unforbid[obs3], unforbidden[obs3];
unconditional.
Adv. by leave, with leave, on leave &c. n.; speciali gratia[It]; under
favor of; pace; ad libitum &c. (freely) 748, (at will) 600; by all means
&c. (willingly) 602; yes &c. (assent) 488.
Phr. avec permissin[Fr]; brevet d'invention [Fr].
#761. Prohibition.-- N. prohibition, inhibition; veto, disallowance;
interdict, interdiction; injunction, estoppel[Law]; embargo, ban, taboo,
proscription; index expurgatorius[Lat]; restriction &c. (restraint) 751;
hindrance &c.706; forbidden fruit; Maine law [U.S.].
V. prohibit, inhibit; forbid, put one's veto upon, disallow, enjoin,
ban, outlaw, taboo, proscribe, estop[Law]; bar; debar &c. (hinder) 706,
forefend.
keep in, keep within bounds; restrain &c. 751; cohibit[obs3],
withhold, limit, circumscribe, clip the wings of, restrict; interdict,
taboo; put under an interdiction, place under an interdiction; put under
the ban, place under the ban; proscribe; exclude, shut out; shut the door,
bolt the door, show the door; warn off; dash the cup from one's lips;
forbid the banns.
Adj. prohibitive, prohibitory; proscriptive; restrictive, exclusive;
forbidding &c. v.
prohibited &c. v.; not permitted &c. 760; unlicensed, contraband,
impermissible, under the ban of; illegal &c. 964; unauthorized, not to be
thought of, uncountenanced, unthinkable, beyond the pale.
Adv. on no account &c. (no) 536.
Int. forbid it heaven! &c. (deprecation) 766.
hands off! keep off! hold! stop! desist! cease and desist! avast!
Phr. that will never do; don't you dare; forget it; don't even think
about doing it;"go ahead; make my day [ironical, threatening]" [Dirty
Harry].
#762. Consent.-- N. consent; assent &c. 488; acquiescence; approval
&c. 931; compliance, agreement, concession; yieldance|, yieldingness[obs3];
accession, acknowledgment, acceptance, agnition|.
settlement, ratification, confirmation, adjustment.
permit &c. (permission) 760; promise &c. 768.
V. consent; assent &c. 488; yield assent, admit, allow, concede,
grant, yield; come round, come over; give into, acknowledge, agnize[obs3],
give consent, comply with, acquiesce, agree to, fall in with, accede,
accept, embrace an offer, close with, take at one's word, have no
objection.
satisfy, meet one's wishes, settle, come to terms &c. 488; not refuse
&c. 764; turn a willing ear &c. (willingness) 602; jump at; deign,
vouchsafe; promise &c. 768.
Adj. consenting &c. v.; squeezable; agreed &c. (assent) 488;
unconditional.
Adv. OK, yes &c. (assent) 488; by all means &c. (willingly) 602; no
problem; if you please, as you please; be it so, so be it, well and good,
of course; please do; don't hesitate.
Phr. chi tace accousente[It][obs3].
#763. Offer.-- N. offer, proffer, presentation, tender, bid, overture;
proposal, proposition; motion, invitation; candidature; offering &c. (gift)
784.
V. offer, proffer, present, tender; bid; propose, move; make a motion,
make advances; start; invite, hold out, place in one's way, put forward.
hawk about; offer for sale &c. 796; press &c. (request) 765; lay at
one's feet.
offer oneself, present oneself; volunteer, come forward, be a
candidate; stand for, bid for; seek; be at one's service; go a begging;
bribe &c. (give) 784.
Adj. offering, offered &c. v.; in the market, for sale, to let,
disengaged, on hire.
<-- p. 255 -->
#764. Refusal.-- N. refusal, rejection; noncompliance,
incompliance[obs3]; denial; declining &c. v.; declension;
declinature[obs3]; peremptory refusal, flat refusal, point blank refusal;
repulse, rebuff; discountenance.
recusancy, abnegation, protest, disclaimer; dissent &c. 489;
revocation &c. 756.
V. refuse, reject, deny, decline, turn down; nill, negative; refuse
one's assent, withhold one's assent; shake the head; close the hand, close
the purse; grudge, begrudge, be slow to, hang fire; pass [at cards].
be deaf to; dismiss, turn a deaf ear to, turn one's back upon; set
one's face against, discountenance, not hear of, have nothing to do with,
wash one's hands of, stand aloof, forswear, set aside, cast behind one; not
yield an inch &c. (obstinacy) 606.
resist, cross; not grant &c. 762; repel, repulse, shut the door in
one's face, slam the door in one's face; rebuff; send back, send to the
right about, send away with a flea in the ear; deny oneself, not be at home
to; discard, spurn, &c. (repudiate) 610; rescind &c. (revoke) 756;
disclaim, protest; dissent &c. 489.
Adj. refusing &c. v.; restive, restiff|; recusant; uncomplying,
unconsenting; not willing to hear of, deaf to.
refused &c. v.; ungranted, out of the question, not to be thought of,
impossible.
Adv. no &c. 536; on no account, not for the world; no thank you,
thanks but no thanks.
Phr. non possumus[Lat]; your humble servant[ironically]; bien
oblige[Fr]; not on your life [U.S.]; no way; not even if you beg on your
knees.
#765. Request.-- N. request, requisition; claim &c. (demand) 741;
petition, suit, prayer; begging letter, round robin.
motion, overture, application, canvass, address, appeal, apostrophe;
imprecation; rogation; proposal, proposition.
orison &c. (worship) 990; incantation &c. (spell) 993.
mendicancy; asking, begging &c. v.; postulation, solicitation,
invitation, entreaty, importunity, supplication, instance,
impetration[obs3], imploration[obs3], obsecration[obs3], obtestation[obs3],
invocation, interpellation.
V. request, ask; beg, crave, sue, pray, petition, solicit, invite, pop
the question, make bold to ask; beg leave, beg a boon; apply to, call to,
put to; call upon, call for; make a request, address a request, prefer a
request, put up a request, make a prayer, address a prayer, prefer a
prayer, put up a prayer, make a petition, address a petition, prefer a
petition, put up a petition; make application, make a requisition; ask
trouble, ask one for; claim &c. (demand) 741; offer up prayers &c.
(worship) 990; whistle for.
beg hard, entreat, beseech, plead, supplicate, implore; conjure,
adjure; obtest[obs3]; cry to, kneel to, appeal to; invoke, evoke;
impetrate[obs3], imprecate, ply, press, urge, beset, importune, dun, tax,
clamor for; cry aloud, cry for help; fall on one's knees; throw oneself at
the feet of; come down on one's marrowbones.
beg from door to door, send the hat round, go a begging;
mendicate[obs3], mump[obs3], cadge, beg one's bread.
dance attendance on, besiege, knock at the door.
bespeak, canvass, tout, make interest, court; seek, bid for &c.
(offer) 763; publish the banns.
Adj. requesting &c. v.; precatory[obs3]; suppliant, supplicant,
supplicatory; postulant; obsecratory[obs3].
importunate, clamorous, urgent; cap in hand; on one's knees, on one's
bended knees, on one's marrowbones.
Adv. prithee, do, please, pray; be so good as, be good enough; have
the goodness, vouchsafe, will you, I pray thee, if you please.
Int. for God's sake! for heaven's sake! for goodness' sake! for
mercy's sake!
Phr. Dieu vous garde[Fr]; dirigenos Domine[Lat]; would you be so kind
as to.
#766. [Negative request.] Deprecation.-- N. deprecation,
expostulation; intercession, mediation, protest, remonstrance.
V. deprecate, protest, expostulate, enter a protest, intercede for;
remonstrate.
Adj. deprecatory, expostulatory[obs3], intercessory,
mediatorial[obs3].
deprecated, protested.
unsought, unbesought[obs3]; unasked &c. (see ask &c. 765).
Int. cry you mercy! God forbid! forbid it Heaven! Heaven forefend,
Heaven forbid! far be it from! hands off! &c. (prohibition) 761; please
don't.
<-- p. 256 -->
#767. Petitioner.-- N. petitioner, solicitor, applicant; suppliant,
supplicant; suitor, candidate, claimant, postulant, aspirant, competitor,
bidder; place hunter, pot hunter; prizer[obs3]; seeker.
beggar, mendicant, moocher, panhandler, freeloader, sponger,
mumper[obs3], sturdy beggar, cadger; hotel runner, runner, steerer [U.S.],
tout, touter[obs3].
[poor person] pauper, homeless person, hobo, bum, tramp, bindle stiff,
bo, knight of the road (poverty) 804; hippie, flower child; hard core
unemployed; welfare client, welfare case.
canvasser, bagman &c.758; salesman.
%
Section III. CONDITIONAL INTERSOCIAL VOLITION
%
#768. Promise.-- N. promise, undertaking, word, troth, plight, pledge,
parole, word of honor, vow; oath &c. (affirmation) 535; profession,
assurance, warranty, guarantee, insurance, obligation; contract &c. 769;
stipulation.
engagement, preengagement; affiance; betroth, betrothal, betrothment.
V. promise; give a promise &c. n.; undertake, engage; make an
engagement, form an engagement; enter into an engagement, enter on an
engagement; bind oneself, tie oneself, pledge oneself, commit oneself, take
upon oneself; vow; swear &c. (affirm) 535, give one's word, pass one's
word, pledge one's word, plight one's word, give one's honor, pass one's
honor, pledge one's honor, plight one's honor, give credit, pass credit,
pledge credit, plight credit, give troth, pass troth, pledge troth, plight
troth; betroth, plight faith.
assure, warrant, guarantee; covenant &c. 769; attest &c. (bear
witness) 467.
hold out an expectation; contract an obligation; become bound to,
become sponsor for; answer for, be answerable for; secure; give security
&c. 771; underwrite.
adjure, administer an oath, put to one's oath, swear a witness.
Adj. promising &c. v.; promissory; votive; under hand and seal, upon
oath.
promised &c. v.; affianced, pledged, bound; committed, compromised; in
for it.
Adv. as one's head shall answer for.
Phr. in for a penny in for a pound; ex voto[Lat]; gage d'amour.
#768a. Release from engagement.-- N. release &c. (liberation) 750.
Adj. absolute; unconditional &c. (free) 748.
#769. Compact.-- N. compact, contract, agreement, bargain;
affidation[obs3]; pact, paction[obs3]; bond, covenant, indenture;
bundobast[obs3], deal.
stipulation, settlement, convention; compromise, cartel.
Protocol, treaty, concordat, Zollverein[Ger], Sonderbund[Ger],
charter, Magna Charta[Lat], Progmatic Sanction, customs union, free trade
region; General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, GATT; most favored nation
status.
negotiation &c. (bargaining) 794; diplomacy &c. (mediation) 724;
negotiator &c. (agent) 758.
ratification, completion, signature, seal, sigil[Lat], signet.
V. contract, covenant, agree for; engage &c. (promise) 768.
treat, negotiate, stipulate, make terms; bargain &c. (barter) 794.
make a bargain, strike a bargain; come to terms, come to an
understanding; compromise &c. 774; set at rest; close, close with;
conclude, complete, settle; confirm, ratify, clench, subscribe, underwrite;
endorse, indorse; put the seal to; sign, seal &c. (attest) 467; indent.
take one at one's word, bargain by inch of candle.
Adj. agreed &c. v.; conventional; under hand and seal.
Phr. caveat emptor.
#770. Conditions.-- N. conditions, terms; articles, articles of
agreement; memorandum.
clauses, provisions; proviso &c. (qualification) 469; covenant,
stipulation, obligation, ultimatum, sine qua non; casus foederris[Lat].
V. make terms, come to terms &c. (contract) 769; make it a condition,
stipulate, insist upon, make a point of; bind, tie up.
Adj. conditional, provisional, guarded, fenced, hedged in.
Adv. conditionally &c. (with qualification) 469; provisionally, pro re
nata[Lat]; on condition; with a string to it.
<-- p. 257 -->
#771. Security.-- N. security; guaranty, guarantee; gage, warranty,
bond, tie, pledge, plight, mortgage, collateral, debenture, hypothecation,
bill of sale, lien, pawn, pignoration[obs3]; real security; vadium[obs3].
stake, deposit, earnest, handsel, caution.
promissory note; bill, bill of exchange; I.O.U.; personal security,
covenant, specialty; parole &c. (promise) 768.
acceptance, indorsement[obs3], signature, execution, stamp, seal.
sponsor, cosponsor, sponsion[obs3], sponsorship; surety, bail;
mainpernor[obs3], hostage; godchild, godfather, godmother.
recognizance; deed of indemnity, covenant of indemnity.
authentication, verification, warrant, certificate, voucher, docket,
doquet[obs3]; record &c. 551; probate, attested copy.
receipt; acquittance, quittance; discharge, release.
muniment[obs3], title deed, instrument; deed, deed poll; assurance,
indenture; charter &c. (compact) 769; charter poll; paper, parchment,
settlement, will, testament, last will and testament, codicil.
V. give security, give bail, give substantial bail; go bail; pawn,
impawn[obs3], spout, mortgage, hypothecate, impignorate[obs3].
guarantee, warrant, warrantee, assure; accept, indorse, underwrite,
insure;cosign, countersign, sponsor, cosponsor.
execute, stamp; sign, seal &c. (evidence) 467.
let, sett[obs3]; grant a lease, take a lease, hold a lease; hold in
pledge; lend on security &c. 787.
Phr. bonis avibus[Lat]; "gone where the woodbine twineth".
#772. Observance.-- N. observance, performance, compliance,
acquiescence, concurrence; obedience &c. 743; fulfillment, satisfaction,
discharge; acquittance, acquittal.
adhesion, acknowledgment; fidelity &c. (probity) 939; exact &c. 494 -
observance.
V. observe, comply with, respect, acknowledge, abide by; cling to,
adhere to, be faithful to, act up to; meet, fulfill; carry out, carry into
execution; execute, perform, keep, satisfy, discharge; do one's office.
perform an obligation, fulfill an obligation, discharge an obligation,
acquit oneself of an obligation; make good; make good one's word, make good
one's promise, keep one's word, keep one's promise; redeem one's pledge;
keep faith with, stand to one's engagement.
Adj. observant, faithful, true, loyal; honorable &c. 939; true as the
dial to the sun, true as the needle to the pole; punctual, punctilious;
literal &c. (exact) 494; as good as one's word.
Adv. faithfully &c. adj.
Phr. ignoscito saepe alteri nunquam tibi[Lat]; tempori parendum[Lat];
"to God, thy country, and thy friend be true" [Vaughan].
#773. Nonobservance.-- N. nonobservance &c. 772; evasion,
inobservance, failure, omission, neglect, laches[Law], laxity, informality.
infringement, infraction; violation, transgression; piracy.
retraction, retractation[obs3], repudiation, nullification; protest;
forfeiture.
lawlessness; disobedience &c. 742; bad faith &c. 940.
V. fail, neglect, omit, elude, evade, give the go-by to, set aside,
ignore; shut one's eyes to, close one's eyes to.
infringe, transgress, violate, pirate, break, trample under foot, do
violence to, drive a coach and six through.
discard, protest, repudiate, fling to the winds, set at naught,
nullify, declare null and void; cancel &c. (wipe off) 552.
retract, go back from, be off, forfeit, go from one's word, palter;
stretch a point, strain a point.
Adj. violating &c. v.; lawless, transgressive; elusive, evasive.
unfulfilled &c. (see fulfill &c. 772).
<-- p. 258 -->
#774. Compromise.-- N. compromise, commutation, composition; middle
term, mezzo termine[It]; compensation &c. 30; abatement of differences,
adjustment, mutual concession.
V. compromise, commute, compound; take the mean; split the difference,
meet one halfway, give and take; come to terms &c. (contract) 769; submit
to arbitration, abide by arbitration; patch up, bridge over, arrange;
straighten out, adjust, differences, agree; make the best of, make a virtue
of necessity; take the will for the deed.
%
Section IV. POSSESSIVE RELATIONS
%
<-- That is, relations which concern property. -->
%
1. Property in general
%
#775. Acquisition.-- N. acquisition; gaining &c. v.; obtainment;
procuration[obs3], procurement; purchase, descent, inheritance; gift &c.
784.
recovery, retrieval, revendication[obs3], replevin[Law], restitution
&c. 790; redemption, salvage, trover[Law].
find, trouvaille[obs3], foundling.
gain, thrift; money-making, money grubbing; lucre, filthy lucre, pelf;
loaves and fishes, the main chance; emolument &c. (remuneration) 973.
profit, earnings, winnings, innings, pickings, net profit; avails;
income &c. (receipt) 810; proceeds, produce, product; outcome, output;
return, fruit, crop, harvest; second crop, aftermath; benefit &c. (good)
618.
sweepstakes, trick, prize, pool; pot; wealth &c. 803.
subreption[obs3][Fraudulent acquisition]; obreption[obs3]; stealing
&c. 791.
V. acquire, get, gain, win, earn, obtain, procure, gather; collect &c.
(assemble) 72; pick, pickup; glean.
find; come upon, pitch upon, light upon; scrape up, scrape together;
get in, reap and carry, net, bag, sack, bring home, secure; derive, draw,
get in the harvest.
profit; make profit, draw profit, turn a quick profit; turn to profit,
turn to account; make capital out of, make money by; obtain a return, reap
the fruits of; reap an advantage, gain an advantage; turn a penny, turn an
honest penny; make the pot boil, bring grist to the mill; make money, coin
money, raise money; raise funds, raise the wind; fill one's pocket &c.
(wealth) 803.
treasure up &c. (store) 636; realize, clear; produce &c. 161; take &c.
789.
get back, recover, regain, retrieve, revendicate[obs3], replevy[Law],
redeem, come by one's own.
come by, come in for; receive &c. 785; inherit; step into a fortune,
step into the shoes of; succeed to.
get hold of, get between one's finger and thumb, get into one's hand,
get at; take possession, come into possession, enter into possession.
be profitable &c. adj.; pay, answer.
accrue &c. (be received) 785.
Adj. acquiring, acquired &c. v.; profitable, advantageous, gainful,
remunerative, paying, lucrative.
Phr. lucri causa[Lat].
#776. Loss.-- N. loss; deperdition[obs3], perdition; forfeiture,
lapse.
privation, bereavement; deprivation &c. (dispossession) 789; riddance;
damage, squandering, waste.
V. lose; incur a loss, experience a loss, meet with a loss; miss;
mislay, let slip, allow to slip through the fingers; be without &c.
(exempt) 777a; forfeit.
get rid of &c. 782; waste &c. 638.
be lost; lapse.
Adj. losing &c. v.; not having &c. 777a.
shorn of, deprived of; denuded, bereaved, bereft, minus, cut off;
dispossessed &c. 789; rid of, quit of; out of pocket.
lost &c. v.; long lost; irretrievable &c. (hopeless) 859; off one's
hands.
Int. farewell to! adieu to.
<-- p. 259 -->
<-- emphasize the abstract meaning of possession - legal possession, as a
distinct entity from physical possession, stewardship -->
#777. Possession.-- N. possession, seizin[Law], seisin[Law]; ownership
&c. 780; occupancy; hold, holding; tenure, tenancy, feodality[obs3],
dependency; villenage, villeinage[obs3]; socage[obs3], chivalry, knight
service.
exclusive possession, impropriation[obs3], monopoly, retention &c.781;
prepossession, preoccupancy[obs3]; nine points of the law; corner,
usucaption[obs3].
future possession, heritage, inheritance, heirship, reversion, fee,
seigniority[obs3]; primogeniture, ultimogeniture[obs3].
futures contract[right of future possession; financial instruments],
warrant, put, call, option; right of first refusal.
bird in hand, uti possidetis[Lat], chose in possession.
V. possess, have, hold, occupy, enjoy; be possessed of &c. adj.; have
in hand &c. adj.; own &c. 780; command.
inherit; come to, come in for.
engross, monopolize, forestall, regrate[obs3], impropriate[obs3], have
all to oneself; corner; have a firmhold of &c. (retain) 781[obs3]; get into
one's hand &c. (acquire) 775.
belong to, appertain to, pertain to; be in one's possession &c. adj.;
vest in.
Adj. possessing &c. v.; worth; possessed of, seized of, master of, in
possession of; usucapient[obs3]; endowed with, blest with, instinct with,
fraught with, laden with, charged with.
possessed &c. v.; on hand, by one; in hand, in store, in stock; in
one's hands, in one's grasp, in one's possession; at one's command, at
one's disposal; one's own &c. (property) 780.
unsold, unshared.
Phr. entbehre gern was du nicht hast[Ger]; meum et tuum[Lat]; tuum
est[Lat].
#777a. Exemption.-- N. exemption; absence &c. 187; exception,
immunity, privilege, release.
V. not have &c. 777; be without &c. adj.; excuse.
Adj. exempt from, devoid of, without, unpossessed of[obs3], unblest
with[obs3]; immune from.
not having &c. 777; unpossessed[obs3]; untenanted &c. (vacant) 187;
without an owner.
unobtained[obs3], unacquired.
#778. [Joint possession.] Participation.-- N. participation;
cotenancy[obs3], joint tenancy; occupancy in common, possession in common,
tenancy in common; joint stock, common stock; co-partnership, partnership;
communion; community of possessions, community of goods; communism,
socialism; cooperation &c. 709.
snacks, coportion|, picnic, hotchpot[obs3]; co-heirship, co-
parceny[obs3], co-parcenary; gavelkind[obs3].
participator, sharer; co-partner, partner; shareholder; co-tenant,
joint tenant; tenants in common; co-heir, co-parcener[obs3].
communist, socialist.
V. participate, partake; share, share in; come in for a share; go
shares, go snacks, go halves; share and share alike.
have in common, possess in common, be seized in common, have as joint
tenants, possess as joint tenants, be seized as joint tenants &c. n.
join in; have a hand in &c. (cooperate) 709.
Adj. partaking &c. v.; communistic.
Adv. share and share alike.
#779. Possessor.-- N. possessor, holder; occupant, occupier; tenant;
person in possession, man in possession &c.777; renter, lodger, lessee,
underlessee[obs3]; zemindar[obs3], ryot[obs3]; tenant on sufferance, tenant
at will, tenant from year to year, tenant for years, tenant for life.
owner; proprietor, proprietress, proprietary; impropriator[obs3],
master, mistress, lord.
land holder, land owner, landlord, land lady, slumlord; lord of the
manor, lord paramount; heritor, laird, vavasour[obs3], landed gentry, mesne
lord[obs3]; planter.
cestui-que-trust[Fr], beneficiary, mortgagor.
grantee, feoffee[obs3], releasee[Law], relessee[obs3], devisee;
legatee, legatary[obs3].
trustee; holder &c. of the legal estate; mortgagee.
right owner, rightful owner.
[Future possessor] heir presumptive, heir apparent; heiress;
inheritor, inheritress, inheritrix; reversioner[obs3], remainderman[obs3].
<-- p. 260 -->
#780. Property.-- N. property, possession, suum cuique[Lat], meum et
tuum[Lat].
ownership, proprietorship, lordship; seignority[obs3]; empire &c.
(dominion) 737.
interest, stake, estate, right, title, claim, demand, holding; tenure
&c. (possession) 777; vested interest, contingent interest, beneficial
interest, equitable interest; use, trust, benefit; legal estate, equitable
estate; seizin[Law], seisin[Law].
absolute interest, paramount estate, freehold; fee tail, fee simple;
estate in fee, estate in tail, estate tail; estate in tail male, estate in
tail female, estate in tail general.
limitation, term, lease, settlement, strict settlement, particular
estate; estate for life, estate for years, estate pur autre vie[Fr];
remainder, reversion, expectancy, possibility.
dower, dowry, jointure[obs3], appanage, inheritance, heritage,
patrimony, alimony; legacy &c. (gift) 784; Falcidian law, paternal estate,
thirds.
assets, belongings, means, resources, circumstances; wealth &c. 803;
money &c. 800; what one is worth, what one will cut up for; estate and
effects.
landed property, landed real estate property; realty; land, lands;
tenements; hereditaments; corporeal hereditaments, incorporeal
hereditaments; acres; ground &c. (earth) 342; acquest[obs3], messuage,
toft[obs3].
territory, state, kingdom, principality, realm, empire, protectorate,
sphere of influence.
manor, honor, domain, demesne; farm, plantation, hacienda; allodium
&c. (free) 748[obs3]; fief, fieff[obs3], feoff[obs3], feud,
zemindary[obs3], dependency; arado[obs3], merestead[obs3], ranch.
free lease-holds, copy lease-holds; folkland[obs3]; chattels real;
fixtures, plant, heirloom; easement; right of common, right of user.
personal property, personal estate, personal effects; personalty,
chattels, goods, effects, movables; stock, stock in trade; things, traps,
rattletraps, paraphernalia; equipage &c. 633.
parcels, appurtenances.
impedimenta; luggage, baggage; bag and baggage; pelf; cargo, lading.
rent roll; income &c. (receipts) 810; maul and wedges [U.S.].
patent, copyright; chose in action; credit &c. 805; debt &c.806.
V. possess &c. 777; be the possessor &c. 779 of; own; have for one's
own, have for one's very own; come in for, inherit.
savor of the realty.
be one's property &c. n.; belong to; appertain to, pertain to.
Adj. one's own; landed, predial[obs3], manorial, allodial[obs3]; free
lease-hold, copy lease-hold; feudal, feodal[obs3].
Adv. to one's credit, to one's account; to the good.
to one and his heirs for ever, to one and the heirs of his body, to
one and his heirs and assigns, to one and his executors administrators and
assigns.
#781. Retention.-- N. retention; retaining &c. v.; keep, detention,
custody; tenacity, firm hold, grasp, gripe, grip, iron grip.
fangs, teeth, claws, talons, nail, unguis, hook, tentacle, tenaculum;
bond &c. (vinculum) 45.
clutches, tongs, forceps, pincers, nippers, pliers, vice.
paw, hand, finger, wrist, fist, neaf[obs3], neif[obs3].
bird in hand; captive &c.754.
V. retain, keep; hold fast one's own, hold tight one's own, hold fast
one's ground, hold tight one's ground; clinch, clench, clutch, grasp,
gripe, hug, have a firm hold of.
secure, withhold, detain; hold back, keep back; keep close; husband
&c. (store) 636; reserve; have in stock, have on hand, keep in stock &c.
(possess) 777; entail, tie up, settle.
Adj. retaining &c. v.; retentive, tenacious.
unforfeited[obs3], undeprived, undisposed, uncommunicated.
incommunicable, inalienable; in mortmain[Fr]; in strict settlement.
Phr. uti possidetis[Lat].
<-- p. 261 -->
#782. Relinquishment.-- N. relinquishment, abandonment &c. (of a
course) 624; renunciation, expropriation|!, dereliction; cession,
surrender, dispensation; quitclaim deed; resignation &c.757; riddance.
derelict &c. adj.; foundling; jetsam, waif.
discards, culls, rejects; garbage, refuse, rubbish.
V. relinquish, give up, surrender, yield, cede; let go, let slip;
spare, drop, resign, forego, renounce, abandon, expropriate|!, give away,
dispose of, part with; lay aside, lay apart, lay down, lay on the shelf &c.
(disuse) 678; set aside, put aside, put away; make away with, cast behind;
maroon.
give notice to quit, give warning; supersede; be rid of, get rid of,
be quit of, get quit of; eject &c. 297.
rid oneself of, disburden oneself of, divest oneself of, dispossess
oneself of; wash one's hands of.
discard, cast off, dismiss; cast away, throw away, pitch away, fling
away, cast aside, cast overboard, cast to the dogs, throw aside, throw
overboard, throw to the dogs, pitch aside, pitch overboard, pitch to the
dogs, fling aside, fling overboard, fling to the dogs; cast to the winds,
throw to the winds, sweep to the winds; put away, turn away, sweep away;
jettison; reject.
quit one's hold, quitclaim.
Adj. relinquished &c. v.; cast off, derelict; unowned, unappropriated,
unculled; left &c. (residuary) 40.
Int. away with!
%
2. Transfer of Property
%
#783. Transfer.-- N. transfer, conveyance, assignment, alienation,
abalienation[obs3]; demise, limitation; conveyancing[obs3]; transmission
&c. (transference) 270; enfeoffment[obs3], bargain and sale, lease and
release; exchange &c. (interchange) 148; barter &c. 794; substitution &c.
147.
succession, reversion; shifting use, shifting trust; devolution.
V. transfer, convey; alienate, alien; assign; grant &c. (confer) 784;
consign; make over, hand over; pass, hand, transmit, negotiate; hand down;
exchange &c.(interchange) 148.
change hands, change hands from one to another; devolve, succeed; come
into possession &c. (acquire) 775.
abalienate[obs3]; disinherit; dispossess &c. 789; substitute &c. 147.
Adj. alienable, negotiable.
Phr. estate coming into possession.
#784. Giving.-- N. giving &c. v.; bestowal, bestowment[obs3],
donation; presentation, presentment; accordance; concession; delivery,
consignment, dispensation, communication, endowment; investment,
investiture; award.
almsgiving[obs3], charity, liberality, generosity.
[Thing given] gift, donation, present, cadeau[obs3]; fairing; free
gift, boon, favor, benefaction, grant, offering, oblation, sacrifice,
immolation; lagniappe [U.S.], pilon [obs3][U.S.].
grace, act of grace, bonus.
allowance, contribution, subscription, subsidy, tribute, subvention.
bequest, legacy, devise, will, dotation[obs3], dot, appanage;
voluntary settlement, voluntary conveyance &c. 783; amortization.
alms, largess, bounty, dole, sportule|, donative[obs3], help,
oblation, offertory, honorarium, gratuity, Peter pence, sportula[obs3],
Christmas box, Easter offering, vail[obs3], douceur[Fr], drink money,
pourboire, trinkgeld[Ger], bakshish[obs3]; fee &c. (recompense) 973;
consideration.
bribe, bait, ground bait; peace offering, handsel; boodle*, graft,
grease*;blat[Russian].
giver, grantor &c. v.; donor, feoffer[obs3], settlor.
V. deliver, hand, pass, put into the hands of; hand over, make over,
deliver over, pass over, turn over; assign dower.
present, give away, dispense, dispose of; give out, deal out, dole
out, mete out, fork out, squeeze out.
pay &c. 807; render, impart, communicate.
concede, cede, yield, part with, shed, cast; spend &c. 809.
give, bestow, confer, grant, accord, award, assign.
intrust, consign, vest in.
make a present; allow, contribute, subscribe, furnish its quota.
invest, endow, settle upon; bequeath, leave, devise.
furnish, supply, help; administer to; afford, spare; accommodate with,
indulge with, favor with; shower down upon; lavish, pour on, thrust upon.
tip, bribe; tickle the palm, grease the palm; offer &c. 763;
sacrifice, immolate.
Adj. giving &c. v.; given &c. v.; allowed, allowable;
concessional[obs3]; communicable; charitable, eleemosynary, sportulary|,
tributary; gratis &c. 815; donative[obs3].
Phr. auctor pretiosa facit[Lat]; ex dono[Lat]; res est ingeniosa dare
[Lat][Ovid].
<-- p. 262 -->
#785. Receiving.-- N. receiving &c. v.; acquisition &c. 775; reception
&c. (introduction) 296; suscipiency|!, acceptance, admission.
recipient, accipient[obs3]; assignee, devisee; legatee,
legatary[obs3]; grantee, feoffee[obs3], donee[Fr], releasee[Law],
relessee[obs3], lessee; receiver.
sportulary|, stipendiary; beneficiary; pensioner, pensionary[obs3];
almsman[obs3].
income &c. (receipt) 810.
V. receive; take &c. 789; acquire &c. 775; admit.
take in, catch, touch; pocket; put into one's pocket, put into one's
purse; accept; take off one's hands.
be received; come in, come to hand; pass into one's hand, fall into
one's hand; go into one's pocket; fall to one's lot, fall to one's share;
come to one, fall to one; accrue; have given &c. 784 to one.
Adj. receiving &c. v.; recipient, suscipient|!.
received &c. v.; given &c. 784; secondhand.
not given, unbestowed &c. (see give, bestow &c. 784).
#786. Apportionment.-- N. apportionment, allotment, consignment,
assignment, appointment; appropriation; dispensation, distribution;
division, deal; repartition, partition; administration.
dividend, portion, contingent, share, allotment, fair share,
allocation, lot, measure, dose; dole, meed, pittance; quantum, ration;
ratio, proportion, quota, modicum, mess, allowance; suerte[obs3].
V. apportion, divide; distribute, administer, dispense; billet, allot,
detail, cast, share, mete; portion out, parcel out, dole out; deal, carve.
allocate, ration, ration out; assign; separate &c. 44.
partition, assign, appropriate, appoint.
come in for one's share &c. (participate) 778.
Adj. apportioning &c. v.; respective.
Adv. respectively, each to each.
#787. Lending.-- N. lending &c. v.; loan, advance, accommodation,
feneration|; mortgage, second mortgage, home loan &c. (security) 771;
investment; note, bond, commercial paper.
mont de piete[Fr], pawnshop, my uncle's.
lender, pawnbroker, money lender; usurer, loan shark.
loaner
V[item loaned][coll.]. lend, advance, accommodate with; lend on
security; loan; pawn &c. (security) 771.
intrust, invest; place out to interest, put out to interest.
let, demise, lease, sett[obs3], underlet.
Adj. lending &c. v.; lent &c. v.; unborrowed &c. (see borrowed &c.
788)[obs3].
Adv. in advance; on loan, on security.
#788. Borrowing.-- N. borrowing, pledging.
borrowed plumes; plagiarism &c. (thieving) 791.
replevin[Law].
V. borrow, desume|.
hire, rent, farm; take a lease, take a demise; take by the hour, take
by the mile, take by the year &c., hire by the hour, hire by the mile, hire
by the year &c.; adopt, apply, appropriate, imitate, make use of, take.
raise money, take up money; raise the wind; fly a kite, borrow from
Peter to pay Paul; run into debt &c. (debt) 806.
replevy[Law].
<-- p. 263 -->
#789. Taking.-- N. taking &c. v.; reception &c. (taking in) 296;
deglutition &c. (taking food) 298; appropriation, prehension, prensation|;
capture, caption; apprehension, deprehension|; abreption|, seizure,
expropriation, abduction, ablation; subtraction, withdrawal &c. 38;
abstraction, ademption[obs3]; adrolepsy|!.
dispossession; deprivation, deprivement[obs3]; bereavement;
divestment; disherison[obs3]; distraint, distress; sequestration,
confiscation; eviction &c. 297.
rapacity, rapaciousness, extortion, vampirism; theft &c.791.
resumption; reprise, reprisal; recovery &c. 775.
clutch, swoop, wrench; grip &c. (retention) 781; haul, take, catch;
scramble.
taker, captor.
[Geol: descent of one of the earth's crustal plates under another
plate] subduction.
V. take, catch, hook, nab, bag, sack, pocket, put into one's pocket;
receive; accept.
reap, crop, cull, pluck; gather &c. (get) 775; draw.
appropriate, expropriate, impropriate[obs3]; assume, possess oneself
of; take possession of; commandeer; lay one's hands on, clap one's hands
on; help oneself to; make free with, dip one's hands into, lay under
contribution; intercept; scramble for; deprive of.
take away, carry away, bear away, take off, carry off, bear off;
adeem|!; abstract; hurry off with, run away with; abduct; steal &c. 791;
ravish; seize; pounce upon, spring upon; swoop to, swoop down upon; take by
storm, take by assault; snatch, reave[obs3].
snap up, nip up, whip up, catch up; kidnap, crimp, capture, lay
violent hands on.
get hold of, lay hold of, take hold of, catch hold of, lay fast hold
of, take firm hold of; lay by the heels, take prisoner; fasten upon, grip,
grapple, embrace, gripe, clasp, grab, clutch, collar, throttle, take by the
throat, claw, clinch, clench, make sure of.
catch at, jump at, make a grab at, snap at, snatch at; reach, make a
long arm, stretch forth one's hand.
take from, take away from; disseize[obs3]; deduct &c. 38; retrench &c.
(curtail) 201; dispossess, ease one of, snatch from one's grasp; tear from,
tear away from, wrench from, wrest from, wring from; extort; deprive of,
bereave; disinherit, cut off with a shilling.
oust &c. (eject) 297; divest; levy, distrain, confiscate; sequester,
sequestrate; accroach[obs3]; usurp; despoil, strip, fleece, shear,
displume[obs3], impoverish, eat out of house and home; drain, drain to the
dregs; gut, dry, exhaust, swallow up; absorb &c. (suck in) 296; draw off;
suck the blood of, suck like a leech.
retake, resume; recover &c. 775.
Adj. taking &c.v.; privative[obs3], prehensile; predaceous,
predal[obs3], predatory, predatorial[obs3]; lupine, rapacious, raptorial;
ravenous; parasitic.
bereft &c. 776.
Adv. at one fell swoop.
Phr. give an inch and take an ell.
#790. Restitution.-- N. restitution, return; rendition,
reddition[obs3]; restoration; reinvestment, recuperation; rehabilitation
&c. (reconstruction) 660; reparation, atonement; compensation,
indemnification.
release, replevin[Law], redemption; recovery &c. (getting back) 775;
remitter, reversion.
V. return, restore; give back, carry back, bring back; render, render
up; give up; let go, unclutch; disgorge, regorge[obs3]; regurgitate;
recoup, reimburse, compensate, indemnify; remit, rehabilitate; repair &c.
(make good) 660.
[transitive] reinvest, revest, reinstate.
redeem, recover &c. (get back) 775; take back again.
[intransitive] revest, revert.
Adj. restoring &c. v.; recuperative &c. 660.
Phr. suum cuique[Lat].
<-- p. 264 -->
#791. Stealing.-- N. stealing &c. v.; theft, thievery, latrociny|,
direption[obs3]; abstraction, appropriation; plagiary, plagiarism;
autoplagiarism[obs3]; latrocinium[obs3].
spoliation, plunder, pillage; sack, sackage[obs3]; rapine, brigandage,
foray, razzia[obs3], rape, depredation, raid; blackmail.
piracy, privateering, buccaneering; license to plunder, letters of
marque, letters of mark and reprisal.
filibustering, filibusterism[obs3]; burglary; housebreaking; badger
game*.
robbery, highway robbery, hold-up* [U.S.], mugging.
peculation, embezzlement; fraud &c. 545; larceny, petty larceny, grand
larceny, shoplifting.
thievishness, rapacity, kleptomania, Alsatia[obs3], den of Cacus, den
of thieves.
blackmail, extortion, shakedown, Black Hand [U.S.].
[person who commits theft] thief &c. 792.
V. steal, thieve, rob, mug, purloin, pilfer, filch, prig, bag, nim|,
crib, cabbage, palm; abstract; appropriate, plagiarize.
convey away, carry off, abduct, kidnap, crimp; make off with, walk off
with, run off with; run away with; spirit away, seize &c. (lay violent
hands on) 789.
plunder, pillage, rifle, sack, loot, ransack, spoil, spoliate[obs3],
despoil, strip, sweep, gut, forage, levy blackmail, pirate, pickeer|,
maraud, lift cattle, poach; smuggle, run; badger*; bail up, hold up, stick
up; bunco, bunko, filibuster.
swindle, peculate, embezzle; sponge, mulct, rook, bilk, pluck, pigeon,
fleece; defraud &c.545; obtain under false pretenses; live by one's wits.
rob Peter to pay Paul, borrow of Peter to pay Paul; set a thief to
catch a thief.
disregard the distinction between meum and tuum[Lat].
[receive stolen goods] fence, launder, launder money.
Adj. thieving &c. v.; thievish, light-fingered; furacious[obs3],
furtive; piratical; predaceous, predal[obs3], predatory, predatorial[obs3];
raptorial &c. (rapacious) 789.
stolen &c. v.
Phr. sic vos non vobis[Lat].
#792. Thief.-- N. thief, robber, homo triumliterarum[obs3][Lat],
pilferer, rifler, filcher[obs3], plagiarist.
spoiler, depredator, pillager, marauder; harpy, shark*, land shark,
falcon, mosstrooper[obs3], bushranger[obs3], Bedouin|!, brigand,
freebooter, bandit, thug, dacoit[obs3]; pirate, corsair, viking, Paul
Jones|!, buccaneer, buccanier|!; piqueerer|, pickeerer|; rover, ranger,
privateer, filibuster; rapparee[obs3], wrecker, picaroon[obs3]; smuggler,
poacher; abductor, badger*, bunko man, cattle thief, chor[obs3],
contrabandist[obs3], crook, hawk, holdup man, hold-up* [U.S.], jackleg*
[obs3][U.S.], kidnaper, rustler, cattle rustler, sandbagger, sea king,
skin*, sneak thief, spieler[obs3], strong-arm man [U.S.].
highwayman, Dick Turpin, Claude Duval, Macheath, footpad, sturdy
beggar.
cut purse, pick purse; pickpocket, light-fingered gentry; sharper;
card sharper, skittle sharper; thimblerigger; rook*, Greek, blackleg, leg,
welsher*; defaulter; Autolycus[obs3], Jeremy Diddler[obs3], Robert Macaire,
artful dodger, trickster; swell mob*, chevalier d'industrie [Fr];
shoplifter.
swindler, peculator; forger, coiner; fence, receiver of stolen goods,
duffer; smasher.
burglar, housebreaker; cracksman[obs3], magsman*[obs3]; Bill Sikes,
Jack Sheppard, Jonathan Wild.
gang[group of thieves], gang of thieves, theft ring; organized crime,
mafia, the Sicilian Mafia, the mob, la cosa nostra [Italian].
Dillinger[famous thieves], Al Capone; Robin Hood.
#793. Booty.-- N. booty, spoil, plunder, prize, loot, swag*, pickings;
spolia opima[Lat], prey; blackmail; stolen goods.
Adj. manubial|.
%
3. Interchange of Property
%
#794. Barter.-- N. barter, exchange, scorse|, truck system;
interchange &c. 148.
a Roland for an Oliver; quid pro quo; commutation, composition; Indian
gift [U.S.].
trade, commerce, mercature|, buying and selling, bargain and sale;
traffic, business, nundination|, custom, shopping; commercial enterprise,
speculation, jobbing, stockjobbing[obs3], agiotage[obs3], brokery[obs3].
deal, dealing, transaction, negotiation, bargain.
free trade.
V. barter, exchange, swap, swop[obs3], truck, scorse|; interchange &c.
148; commutate &c.(substitute) 147; compound for.
trade, traffic, buy and sell, give and take, nundinate|; carry on a
trade, ply a trade, drive a trade; be in business, be in the city; keep a
shop, deal in, employ one's capital in.
trade with, deal with, have dealings with; transact business with, do
business with; open an account with, keep an account with.
bargain; drive a bargain, make a bargain; negotiate, bid for; haggle,
higgle[obs3]; dicker [U.S.]; chaffer, huckster, cheapen, beat down;
stickle, stickle for; out bid, under bid; ask, charge; strike a bargain &c.
(contract) 769.
speculate, give a sprat to catch a herring; buy in the cheapest and
sell in the dearest market, buy low and sell high; corner the market; rig
the market, stag the market.
Adj. commercial, mercantile, trading; interchangeable, marketable,
staple, in the market, for sale.
wholesale, retail.
Adv. across the counter.
Phr. cambio non e furto[It].
<-- p. 265 -->
#795. Purchase.-- N. purchase, emption[obs3]; buying, purchasing,
shopping; preemption, refusal.
coemption[obs3], bribery; slave trade.
buyer, purchaser, emptor, vendee; patron, employer, client, customer,
clientele.
V. buy, purchase, invest in, procure; rent &c. (hire) 788; repurchase,
buy in.
keep in one's pay, bribe, suborn; pay &c.807; spend &c.809.
make a purchase, complete a purchase; buy over the counter.
shop, market, go shopping.
Adj. purchased &c. v.
Phr. caveat emptor; the customer is always right.
#796. Sale.-- N. sale, vent, disposal; auction, roup, Dutch auction;
outcry, vendue[obs3]; custom &c. (traffic) 794.
vendibility, vendibleness[obs3].
seller; vender, vendor; merchant &c. 797; auctioneer.
V. sell, vend, dispose of, effect a sale; sell over the counter, sell
by auction &c. n.; dispense, retail; deal in &c. 794; sell off, sell out;
turn into money, realize; bring to the hammer, bring under the hammer, put
up to auction, put up for auction; offer for sale, put up for sale; hawk,
bring to market; offer &c. 763; undersell.
let; mortgage &c.(security) 771.
Adj. under the hammer, on the market, for sale.
salable, marketable, vendible; unsalable &c., unpurchased[obs3],
unbought; on one's hands.
Phr. chose qui plait est a demi vendue[obs3][Fr].
#797. Merchant.-- N. merchant, trader, dealer, monger, chandler,
salesman; changer; regrater[obs3]; shopkeeper, shopman[obs3]; tradesman,
tradespeople, tradesfolk.
retailer; chapman, hawker, huckster, higgler[obs3]; pedlar,
colporteur, cadger, Autolycus[obs3]; sutler[obs3], vivandiere[obs3];
costerman[obs3], costermonger[obs3]; tallyman; camelot; faker; vintner.
money broker, money changer, money lender; cambist[obs3], usurer,
moneyer[obs3], banker.
jobber; broker &c. (agent) 758; buyer &c. 795; seller &c.796; bear,
bull.
concern; firm &c. (partnership) 712.
#798. Merchandise.-- N. merchandise, ware, commodity, effects, goods,
article, stock, product, produce, staple commodity; stock in trade &c.
(store) 636; cargo &c. (contents) 190.
#799. Mart.-- N. mart; market, marketplace; fair, bazaar, staple,
exchange, change, bourse, hall, guildhall; tollbooth, customhouse;
Tattersall's.
stall, booth, stand, newsstand; cart, wagon.
wharf; office, chambers, countinghouse, bureau; counter, compter[Fr].
shop, emporium, establishment; store &c.636; department store, general
store, five and ten, variety store, co-op, finding store [U.S.], grindery
warehouse[obs3].
[food stores: list] grocery, supermarket, candy store, sweet shop,
confectionery, bakery, greengrocer, delicatessen, bakeshop, butcher shop,
fish store, farmers' market, mom and pop store, dairy, health food store.
[specialized stores: list] tobacco shop, tobacco store, tobacconists,
cigar store, hardware store, jewelry shop, bookstore, liquor store, gun
shop, rod and reel shop, furniture store, drugstore, chemist's [British],
florist, flower shop, shoe store, stationer, stationer's, electronics shop,
telephone store, music store, record shop, fur store, sporting goods store,
video store, video rental store; lumber store, lumber yard, home
improvements store, home improvement center; gas station, auto repair shop,
auto dealer, used car dealer.
mall, suburban mall, commons, pedestrian mall; shopping street.
surplus store, army-navy surplus store.
[locations where used articles are sold] auction; flea market; yard
sale, garage sale; pawn shop; antiques store; second-hand store, second
time around shop, thrift shop.
warehouse, wareroom[obs3]; depot, interposit[obs3], entrepot[Fr].
market-overt.
real-estate broker.
vending machine.
<-- here add entry for stock market (financial instruments market ) and
securities -->
#799a. Stock Market [specialized markets for financial instruments] --
N. stock market, stock exchange, securities exchange; bourse, board; the
big board, the New York Stock Exchange; the market, the open market; over-
the-counter market; privately traded issues.
commodities exchange, futures exchange, futures market.
the pit, the floor.
ticker, stock ticker, quotation; stock index, market index, the Dow
Jones Index, the Dow Industrials, the transportation index, utilities, the
utilities index; the New York Stock Exchange index, the Nikkei index
[Japan]; the Financial Times index, the FTI [England], the over-the-counter
index, NASDAQ index.
[person or firm trading securities] broker, stockbroker, jobber, stock
dealer, odd-lot dealer; specialist.
[person who buys or sells stocks] investor, speculator, operator;
bull, buyer; bear, short seller; scalper, arbitrager[obs3],
arbitrageur[obs3]; stockholder, share-holder, stockholder of record; bond
holder, coupon-clipper [derogatory].
investment; speculation.
V. speculate, invest, trade, trade stocks, play the market; buy long,
sell short, take a position, straddle; take a plunge, plunge in, take a
flier [coll.].
#799b. Securities. -- N. securities, stocks, common stock, preferred
stock, bonds, puts, calls, options, option contract, warrants, commercial
paper, bearer bond, tax-exempt bond, callable bond, convertable bond[obs3].
share, stock certificate; coupon, bond coupon.
liquid assets.
<-- p. 266 -->
%
4. Monetary Relations
%
#800. Money.-- N. money, legal tender; money matters, money market;
finance; accounts &c. 811; funds, treasure; capital, stock; assets
&c.(property) 780; wealth &c. 803; supplies, ways and means, wherewithal,
sinews of war, almighty dollar, needful, cash; mammon.
[colloquial terms for money] dough, cabbage.
money-like instruments, M1, M2.
sum, amount; balance, balance sheet; sum total; proceeds &c.(receipts)
810.
currency, circulating medium, specie, coin, piece[Fr], hard cash, cold
cash; dollar, sterling coin; pounds shillings and pence; Ls.d.; pocket,
breeches pocket, purse; money in hand, cash at hand; ready money, ready
cash; slug [U.S.], wad* wad of bills[U.S.], wad of money, thick wad of
bills, roll of dough[coll]; rhino|!, blunt|!, dust|!, mopus|!, tin|!,
salt|!, chink|!; argent comptant[Lat]; bottom dollar, buzzard dollar|!;
checks, dibs*[obs3].
[specific types of currency] double eagle, eagle; Federal currency,
fractional currency, postal currency; Federal Reserve Note, United States
Note, silver certificate [obsolete], gold certificate [obsolete]; long bit,
short bit [U.S.]; moss, nickel, pile*, pin money, quarter [U.S.], red cent,
roanoke[obs3], rock*; seawan[obs3], seawant[obs3]; thousand dollars,
grand[coll.].
[types of paper currency, U.S.] single, one-dollar bill; two-dollar
bill; five-dollar bill, fiver[coll.], fin [coll.], Lincoln; ten-dollar
bill, sawbuck; twenty-dollar bill, Jackson, double sawbuck; fifty-dollar
bill; hundred-dollar bill, C-note.
[types of U.S. coins: list] penny, cent, Lincoln cent, indian head
penny, copper[1700 -1900]; two-cent piece three-cent piece
[Fr][obsolete][obsolete], half-dime[obsolete], nickel, buffalo nickel, V
nickel [obsolete], dime, disme|!, mercury dime[obsolete], quarter, two
bits, half dollar, dollar, silver dollar, Eisenhower dollar, Susan B.
Anthony dollar[obs3].
precious metals, gold, silver, copper, bullion, ingot, nugget.
petty cash, pocket money, change, small change, small coin,
doit[obs3], stiver[obs3], rap, mite, farthing, sou, penny, shilling,
tester, groat, guinea; rouleau[obs3]; wampum; good sum, round sum, lump
sum; power of money, plum, lac of rupees.
major coin, crown; minor coin.
monetarist, monetary theory.
[Science of coins] numismatics, chrysology[obs3].
[coin scholar or collector] numismatist.
paper money, greenback; major denomination, minor denomination; money
order, postal money order, Post Office order; bank note; bond; bill, bill
of exchange; order, warrant, coupon, debenture, exchequer bill,
assignat[obs3]; blueback [obs3][U.S.], hundi[obs3], shinplaster* [U.S.].
note, note of hand; promissory note, I O U; draft, check, cheque,
back-dated check; negotiable order of withdrawal, NOW.
remittance &c.(payment) 807; credit &c.805; liability
&c.806.
drawer, drawee[obs3]; obligor[obs3], obligee[obs3]; moneyer[obs3],
coiner.
false money, bad money; base coin, flash note, slip|, kite*; fancy
stocks; Bank of Elegance.
argumentum ad crumenam[Lat].
letter of credit.
circulation, multiplier effect.
[variation in the value of currency] inflation, double-digit
inflation, hyperinflation, erosion of the currency, debasement of the
currency; deflation; stagflation.
[relative value of two currencies] exchange rate, rate of exchange,
floating exchange rates, fixed rates.
[place to exchange currencies] currency counter, currency exchange,
bureau de change [French].
gold-backed currency, gold standard, silver standard.
bank account, savings account, checking account, money market account,
NOW account, time deposit, deposit, demand deposit, super NOW account;
certificate of deposit, CD.
[money symbols] $, U.S. $, A$.
[authorities controlling currency, U.S] Federal Reserve Bank, central
bank; Federal Reserve Board, board of governors of the Federal Reserve;
Treasury Department; Secret Service.
[place where money is manufactured] mint, bureau of engraving.
[government profit in manufacturing money] seigniorage.
[false money] counterfeit, funny money, bogus money, (see falsehood)
545.
[cost of money] interest, interest rate, discount rate.
V. amount to, come to, mount up to; touch the pocket; draw, draw upon;
indorse &c. (security) 771; issue, utter; discount &c. 813; back;
demonetize, remonetize; fiscalize[obs3], monetize.
circulate, be in circulation; be out of circulation.
[manufacture currency] mint[coins], coin; print[paper currency].
[vary the value of money] inflate, deflate; debase; devalue, revalue.
[vary the amount of money] circulate, put in circulation; withdraw
from circulation.
[change the type of currency] exchange currencies, change money.
charge interest; pay interest; lose interest.
Adj. monetary, pecuniary, crumenal|, fiscal, financial, sumptuary,
numismatic, numismatical[obs3]; sterling; nummary[obs3].
Phr. barbarus ipse placet dummodo sit dives [Lat][Ovid]; "but the
jingling of the guinea helps the hurt that honor feels" [Tennyson]; Gelt
regiert die Welt [German: money rules the world], money makes the world go
round; nervos belli pecuniam infinitam [Lat][Cicero]; redet Geld so
schweigt die Welt [German]; "money is the mother's milk of politics" [Tip
O'Neill]; money is the root of all evil; money isn't everything; "as phony
as a three-dollar bill"; "don't take any wooden nickels".
#801. Treasurer.-- N. treasurer; bursar, bursary; purser, purse
bearer; cash keeper, banker; depositary; questor[obs3], receiver, steward,
trustee, accountant, Accountant General, almoner, liquidator, paymaster,
cashier, teller; cambist[obs3]; money changer &c. (merchant) 797.
financier.
Secretary of the Treasury; Chancellor of the Exchequer, minister of
finance.
#802. Treasury.-- N. treasury, bank, exchequer, fisc, hanaper[obs3];
cash register, kutcherry[obs3], bursary; strong box, strong hold, strong
room; coffer; chest &c.(receptacle) 191; safe; bank vault; depository &c.
636; till, tiller; purse; money bag, money box; porte-monnaie[Fr].
purse strings; pocket, breeches pocket.
sinking fund; stocks; public stocks, public funds, public securities,
parliamentary stocks, parliamentary funds, parliamentary securities;
Consols, credit mobilier[Fr]; bonds.
#803. Wealth.-- N. wealth, riches, fortune, handsome fortune,
opulence, affluence; good circumstances, easy circumstances; independence;
competence &c. (sufficiency) 639; solvency.
provision, livelihood, maintenance; alimony, dowry; means, resources,
substance; property &c. 780; command of money.
income &c. 810; capital, money; round sum &c. (treasure) 800; mint of
money, mine of wealth, El Dorado[Sp], bonanza, Pacatolus, Golconda, Potosi.
long purse, full purse, well lined purse, heavy purse, deep pockets;
purse of Fortunatus[Lat]; embarras de richesses[Fr].
pelf, Mammon, lucre, filthy lucre; loaves and fishes|!.
rich man, moneyed man, warm man; man of substance; capitalist,
millionaire, tippybob*[obs3], Nabob, Croesus, idas, Plutus, Dives, Timon of
Athens[obs3]; Timocracy, Plutocracy; Danae.
V. be rich &c. adj.; roll in wealth, roll in riches, wallow in wealth,
wallow in riches.
afford, well afford; command money, command a sum; make both ends
meet, hold one's head above water.
become rich &c. adj.; strike it rich; come into a sum of money,
receive a windfall, receive an inheritance, hit the jackpot, win the
lottery; fill one's pocket &c. (treasury) 802; feather one's nest, make a
fortune; make money &c. (acquire) 775.
[transitive] enrich, imburse[obs3].
worship the golden calf, worship Mammon.
Adj. wealthy, rich, affluent, opulent, moneyed, monied, worth much;
well to do, well off; warm; comfortable, well, well provided for.
made of money; rich as Croesus, filthy rich, rich as a Jew|!; rolling
in riches, rolling in wealth.
flush, flush of cash, flush of money, flush of tin*; in funds, in
cash, in full feather; solvent, pecunious[obs3], out of debt, in the black,
all straight.
Phr. one's ship coming in.
amour fait beaucoup mais argent fait tout [French: love does much but
money does everything]; aurea rumpunt tecta quietem [Lat][Seneca]; magna
servitus ist magna fortuna[Latin]; "mammon, the least erected spirit that
fell from Heaven" [Paradise Lost]; opum furiata cupido [Lat][Ovid]; vera
prosperita e non aver necessita [It]; wie gewonnen so zerronnen [German].
<-- p. 267 -->
#804. Poverty.-- N. poverty, indigence, penury, pauperism,
destitution, want; need, neediness; lack, necessity, privation, distress,
difficulties, wolf at the door.
bad circumstances, poor circumstances, need circumstances, embarrassed
circumstances, reduced circumstances, straightened circumstances; slender
means, narrow means; straits; hand to mouth existence, res angusta
domi[obs3][Lat], low water, impecuniosity.
beggary; mendicancy, mendicity[obs3]; broken fortune, loss of fortune;
insolvency &c. (nonpayment) 808.
empty pocket, empty purse; light purse; beggarly account of empty
boxes.
[poor people] poor man, pauper, mendicant, mumper[obs3], beggar,
starveling; pauvre diable[Fr]; fakir|!, schnorrer|!; homeless person.
V. be poor &c. adj.; want, lack, starve, live from hand to mouth, have
seen better days, go down in the world, come upon the parish; go to the
dogs, go to wrack and ruin; not have a penny &c. (money) 800, not have a
shot in one's locker; beg one's bread; tirer le diable par la queue[Fr];
run into debt &c. (debt) 806.
render poor &c. adj.; impoverish; reduce, reduce to poverty;
pauperize, fleece, ruin, bring to the parish.
Adj. poor, indigent; poverty-stricken; badly off, poorly off, ill off;
poor as a rat, poor as a church mouse, poor as a Job; fortuneless[obs3],
dowerless[obs3], moneyless[obs3], penniless; unportioned[obs3],
unmoneyed[obs3]; impecunious; out of money, out of cash, short of money,
short of cash; without a rap, not worth a rap &c.(money) 800; qui n'a pas
le sou[Fr], out of pocket, hard up; out at elbows, out at heels; seedy,
bare-footed; beggarly, beggared; destitute; fleeced, stripped; bereft,
bereaved; reduced; homeless.
in want &c. n.; needy, necessitous, distressed, pinched, straitened;
put to one's shifts, put to one's last shifts; unable to keep the wolf from
the door, unable to make both ends meet; embarrassed, under hatches;
involved &c. (in debt) 806; insolvent &c. (not paying) 808.
Adv. in forma pauperis[Lat].
Phr. zonam perdidit[Lat]; "a penniless lass wi' a lang pedigree" [Lady
Nairne]; a pobreza no hay verguenza[Sp]; "he that is down can fall no
lower" [Butler]; poca roba poco pensiero[It]; "steeped . . . in poverty to
the very lips" [Othello]; "the short and simple annals of the poor" [Gray].
#805. Credit.-- N. credit, trust, tick, score, tally, account.
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