The Development of Religious Liberty in Connecticut
by
M. Louise Greene, Ph. D.
Part 7 out of 7
152, Minutes of the Association, i, 3.
153, F. M. Caulkins, History of Norwich, p. 363.
154, Conn. Col. Rec., xiii, 360.
155, I. Backus, History of the Baptists, ii, 340.
156, E. D. Lamed, History of Windham County, ii, 103.
157, I. Backus, An Appeal to the Public for Religious Liberty, Boston,
1773, p. 28.
158, Ibid., p. 13.
159, Ibid., pp. 43-48.
160, John Wise, Vindication, Edition of 1717, p. 84.
161, Public Records of the State of Connecticut, i, 232.
162, Quoted in E. H. Gillett, Civil Liberty in Connecticut,
Hist. Magazine, 1868.
163, I. Backus, History of the Baptists, ii, 304.
164, Minutes of Hartford North Association.
165, I. Foster, Defense of Religious Liberty, pp. 30, 32; also 135
and 142.
166, Acts and Laws of the State of Connecticut, 1784, pp. 21, 22, 213,
235.
CHAPTER XII. CONNECTICUT AT THE CLOSE OF THE REVOLUTION.
167, P. K. Kilbourne, History of Litchfield, pp. 166, 169.
168, James Morris, Statistical Account of the Towns of Litchfield
County.
169, Judge Church, in his Litchfield County Centennial Address.
170, J. D. Champlin, Jr., "Litchfield Hill."
171, Noah Webster, Collection of Essays (ed. of 1790), p. 379.
172, Ibid., p. 338.
173, Ibid., p. 338.
174, Letter of Sept. 11,1788, one of the series in answer to the
quotations from Richard Price's "Observations on the Importance of the
American Revolution." See American Mercury, Feb. 7, 1785. Connecticut
Journal, Feb. 16, and Connecticut Courant, Feb. 22, 1785.
175, James Schouler, History of the United States, i, 53.
176, Isaac Backus, The Liberal Support of the Gospel Minister, p. 35.
177, Report of Superintendent of Public Schools, 1853, pp. 62, 63.
178, W. Walker, The Congregationalists, pp. 311 et seq.
179, John Lewis, Christian Forbearance, p. 31.
180, E. Stiles, Diary, i, 21.
181, H. M. Dexter, Congregationalism as seen in Literature, p. 523.
CHAPTER XIII. CERTIFICATE LAWS AND WESTERN LAND BILLS.
182, Acts and Laws of the State of Connecticut (ed. of 1784), pp. 403,
404.
183, Courant, May 28, 1791.
184, Ibid., May 28, 1791.
185, J. Leland, High Flying Churchman, pp. 10, 11, 16, 17.
186, Acts and Laws (ed. of 1784), p. 418.
187, Ibid., p. 417.
188, Cited from Report of the Superintendent of Public Schools, 1853,
p. 65.
189, The American Mercury, Feb. 24 and Apr. 17, 1794.
190, J. Leland, A Blow at the Boot, pp. 7, 8.
191, See Rep. of Supt. of Public Schools, 1853, pp. 74-95.
192, Ibid., pp. 101, 102.
193, Published in Courant of March 16, 23 and 30, 1795.
194, See Hollister, Hist, of Connecticut, ii, 568-575; Report of
Superintendent of Public Schools, 1853; Swift's System of Laws, i, 142
et seq.
CHAPTER XIV. THE DEVELOPMENT or POLITICAL PARTIES IN CONNECTICUT.
195, Wolcott Manuscript, in vol. iv, Library of Conn. Historical
Society, Hartford, Conn.
196, Judge Church's Manuscript, deposited with New Haven Historical
Society.
197, Swift, System of the Laws of Connecticut, i, 55-58.
198, Hollister, Hist, of Connecticut, ii, 510-514, quoting Judge
Church.
199, D. G. Mitchell, American Lands and Letters, i, 142; F. B. Dexter,
Hist, of Yale, p. 87.
200, Minutes of the General Association, Report of the Session of
1797.
201, A. Bishop, Proofs of a Conspiracy, p. 32.
202, Connecticut Journal, April 30, 1816, quotes the Petition and
reply.
203, J. Leland, Van Tromp lowering his Peak, p, 33.
204, A. Bishop, Oration in Honor of the Election of Jefferson, pp. 9,
10, 11-16.
205, Judge Church's Manuscript.
206, Lyman Beecher, Autobiography, i, 257, 259, 260, 342, 343.
207, Constitution of the United States, Article II, Sect, ii, 1;
Art. I, Sect, viii, 15. For the correspondence between General
Dearborn and Gov. J. C. Smith, see Mies' Register, viii, 209-212.
208, Hildreth, History of United States, vi, 319-325; Schouler, Hist,
of United States, ii, 270.
209, Niles' Register, viii, 291; ix, 171; also American Mercury of
April 19, 1815.
210, New Haven Register, and also the American Mercury of Feb. 12,
1817.
211, Niles' Register, xi, 80.
212, Swift, System of Law, i, 74.
213, Swift, Vindication of the calling of the Special Superior Court,
pp. 40-42.
214, Report of the Committee. See also J. H. Trumbull, Historical
Notes, pp. 43-47.
215, Connecticut Courant of Aug. 25, 1818.
216, J. H. Trumbull, Historical Notes, pp. 55, 56.
217, Journal of the Convention, pp. 49, 67. (The Connecticut Courant
and the American Mercury published the debates of the Convention in
full as they occurred.)
218, Trumbull, Historical Notes, p. 60. See also the text, preceding
this note, p. 483.
The Constitution of 1818, admirable for the conditions of that time,
leaves now large room for betterment. The century-old habit of
legislative interference was not wholly uprooted in 1818, and soon
began to grow apace. The Constitution stands to-day with its original
eleven articles and with thirty-one amendments, some of which, at
least in their working, are directly opposed to the spirit of the
framers of the commonwealth. The old cry of excessive legislative
power is heard again, for the legislature by a majority of one may
override the governor's veto, and, through its powers of confirmation
and appointment, it may measurably control the executive department
and the judicial. Moreover, apart from these defects in the
constitution, certain economic changes have resulted in a
disproportionate representation in the House of Representatives. The
Joint-Stock Act of 1837 gave birth to great corporations, and with
railroads soon developed the formation of large manufacturing
plants. As a result, there was a rush, at first, of the native born,
and, later, of large numbers of immigrants, who swelled the
population, to the cities. This, together with the development of the
great grain-producing western states, changed Connecticut from an
agricultural to a manufacturing state, and from a producer of her own
foodstuffs to a consumer of those which she must import from other
states.
Such shifting of the population has produced a condition where a bare
majority of one in a House of two hundred and fifty-five members may
pass a measure that really represents the sentiment of but
one-fifteenth of the voters of the state. There results a system of
rotten boroughs and the opportunity for a well-organized lobby and the
moneyed control of votes. It is asserted that the first section of the
bill of rights, namely, "That no man or set of men are entitled to
exclusive public emoluments or privileges from the community," is
constantly violated by this misrepresentation, which especially
affects the population in the cities, and is felt not only in all
state measures, but in all local ones about which the legislature must
be consulted. As an illustration of the inequality of representation,
the following figures are given. In the Constitutional Convention of
1818, 81 towns sent _two_ delegates each, and 39 towns sent
_one_, from communities out of which 11 had a population of less
than 1000, and 100 ranged between 1000 and 4000, while only 9
surpassed this last number. In the Constitutional Convention of 1902,
87 towns, with an aggregate population of 781,954, sent each
_two_ delegates, while 81, with a combined population of 126,411,
sent each _one_ delegate. Thus it happened that in 1902, New
Haven, population 108,027, sent _two_ delegates, and the town of
Union, population 428, also sent _two_ delegates, while ten other
towns, with a population ranging from 593 to 885 each, sent _two_
delegates.
The "Standing Order" of to-day is not a privileged church, but a
dominant political party strong in the privilege and powers derived
from long tenure of office and intrenched behind constitutional
amendments which, in addition to this unequal representation in the
House, provide for the election of Senators upon town and county lines
rather than upon population. The Constitutional Reform Party of to-day
propose radical measures to remedy these more glaring defects in the
administration of government, and to consider these, called the
Constitutional Convention of 1902. In it, the influence of the small
towns on the drafting of the proposed constitution was so great that,
when it was presented to the people for ratification, an adverse
majority in every county refused to accept it. In fact, only fifteen
per cent of the whole people thought it worth while to express any
opinion at all.
References for the Constitutional Convention of 1902: Clarence Deming,
Town Eule in Connecticut, Political Science Quarterly, September,
1889; and M. B. Carey, The Connecticut Constitution. (These will be
found useful as summing up much of the newspaper discussion of the
period, and also for the data upon which the argument for the desired
changes is based.) There is also "The Constitutions of Connecticut,
with Notes and Statistics regarding Town Representation in the General
Assembly, and Documents relating to the Constitutional Convention of
1902," printed by order of the Comptroller, Hartford, Conn.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
A. HISTORIES
1. GENERAL
A few titles are given of those works found most useful in acquiring a
general historic setting for the main topic.
Bancroft, George. History of the United States. New York, 1889.
Gardiner, S. R. History of England from Accession of James I. London,
1863.
----History of England under the Duke of Buckingham and Charles
I. London, 1875.
----History of the Commonwealth and Protectorate. London and New York,
1894-1903.
Green, John Richard. Short History of the English People. London,
1884.
----History of the English People. New York, 1880. 4 vols., chiefly
vol. iii.
Hildreth, Richard. History of the United States to 1824. New York,
1887. 6 vols.
McMaster, John Bach. A History of the People of the United States from
the Revolution to the Civil War. New York, 1884-1900. 5 vols.
Schouler, James. History of the United States of America under the
Constitution. Washington, Philadelphia, and New York, 1882-99. 6 vols.
Tyler, Moses Coit. A History of American Literature, 1607-1765. New
York, 1879. 2 vols.
----The Literary History of the American Revolution, 1763-1783. New
York and London, 1897. 2 vols.
Winsor, Justin. Narrative and Critical History of America. Cambridge,
1886-89. 8 vols.
2. SPECIAL
Adams, Henry. Documents relating to New England Federalism,
1800-1815. Boston, 1877.
Adams, John. Works with a Life of the Author, Notes and
Illustrations. (Ed. by Charles Francis Adams.) Boston, 1850-56. 10
vols.
Arber, Edward. The Story of the Pilgrim Fathers, 1606-1623 A. D. as
told by themselves, their Friends and their Enemies, edited from the
original Texts. London, 1897.
Barlow, Joel. Political Writings. New York, 1796.
Bradford, William. History of "Plimoth" Plantation.
Reprint from original MS. with report of proceedings incident to its
return. Boston, 1898.
Brown, John. The Pilgrim Fathers of New England and their Puritan
Successors. London, 1895. Revised American ed. 1897. [a]
Byington, Ezra B. The Puritan in England and New England. Boston,
1897.
Campbell, Douglas. The Puritans in Holland, England and America. New
York, 1892. 2 vols.
Cobb, Sanford H. Rise of Religious Liberty in America. New York and
London, 1902.
Pages 236-290 and 512-514 treat of Connecticut, while 454-482 deal
with the American Episcopate.
Doyle, John Andrew. The English in America; The Puritan Colonies. New
York, 1889. 2 vols.
Ellis, George E. The Puritan Age and Rule in the Colony of
Massachusetts Bay, 1629-1685. Boston and New York, 1888.
Felt, Joseph Barton. The Ecclesiastical History of New England,
comprising not only Religious but Moral and other Relations. Arranged
chronologically and with index. Boston, 1855-62. 2 vols.
Fish, Carl Russell. The Civil Service and the Patronage. New York,
1905.
Pages 32-39, Jefferson's removal of Mr. Goodrich of New Haven.
Fiske, John. The Beginnings of New England; or, The Puritan Theocracy
in its Relations to Civil and Religious Liberty. Boston and New York,
1880.
Gardiner, S. R. The First Two Stuarts and the Puritan Revolution,
1603-1660. London, 1887.
Goodwin, John Abbott. The Pilgrim Republic: An Historical Review of
the Colony of New Plymouth, with sketches of the Rise of other New
England Settlements, the History of Congregationalism and the Creeds
of the Period [New England to 1732]. Cambridge, 1895.
Heckewelder, J. A Narrative of the Mission of the United Brethren
among the Delaware and Mohigan Indians from 1740 to
1808. Philadelphia, 1820.
Lauer, P. E. Church and State in New England. Baltimore, 1892.
Also in Johns Hopkins University Studies, Nos. 2 & 3.
Lodge, Henry Cabot. A Short History of the English Colonies in
America. New York, 1881.
Love, Wm. De Loss, Jr. The Fasts and Thanksgiving Days of New
England. Boston, 1895. Includes a bibliography.
Loskiel, George H. History of the Missions of the United Brethren
among the Indians in North America. London, 1794.
Mather, Cotton. Magnalia Christi Americana; or, The Ecclesiastical
History of New England from its First Planting in the Year 1620 to the
Year of our Lord 1698. Ed. London, 1702,--Hartford, 1820. 2 vols. [a]
3d ed. with Introduction and occasional Notes by T. Bobbins.
Hartford, 1853, 2 vols.
Mourt's Relation or Journal of a Plantation settled at Plymouth, in
New England and proceedings Thereof. London, 1622. 2d ed. Annotated
by A. Young. Boston, 1841. Also found in Young's Chronicle of the
Pilgrim Fathers. Boston, 1846. [a]
Reprint with illustrative cuts, George B. Cheever, Editor, New York,
1849.
Reprint ed. by H. M. Dexter. Boston, 1865. (See vol. viii, 1st
series, Mass. Hist Soc. Col., also Library of New England History,
vol. i.)
Neal, Daniel. History of the Puritans, or Protestant Non-conformists:
from the Reformation in 1517 to the death of Queen Elizabeth, with an
Account of their principles: their Attempts for a further Reformation
in the Church: their Sufferings, and the Lives and Characters of their
considerable Divines, etc. London, 1732, 4 vols. Revised ed. London,
1837, 3 vols. [a]
Palfrey, John G. Comprehensive History of New England. Boston,
1858-90. 5 vols.
Prince, Thomas. A Chronological History of New England in the form of
Annals. Boston, 1736. Edited by Drake with Memoir of the
Author. Boston, 1852. [a]
Reprint to Mass. Hist. Soc. Col., 2d series, vol. vii, 1818. New
edition, edited by N. Hale. Boston, 1826. Found also in Arber's
English Garner, vol. ii, 1879.
Reichel, W. C. Memorial of the Dedication of Monuments erected by
Moravian Historical Society to mark the sites of ancient missionary
stations. Philadelphia, 1858.
Schaff, Philip. Religious Liberty. See American Historical Society
Annual Report, 1886-87.
Thornton, J. Wingate. The Pulpit of the American Revolution. Boston,
1876.
Weeden, William B. Economic and Social History of New England. Boston,
1890. 2 vols.
Winthrop, John. History of New England, 1636-47, edited by James
Savage. Boston, 1853. 2 vols.
Wood, John (Cheetham, James). History of the Administration of John
Adams. New York, 1802.
----History of the Administration of J. Adams, with Notes. New York,
1846.
3. STATISTICAL
Baird, Robert. Religion in America; or An Account of the Origin,
Relation to the State and Present Condition of the Evangelic Churches
in the United States. New York, 1856.
Bishop, J. Leander. A History of American Manufactures,
1608-1860. 1868. 3 vols.
This includes a history of the origin and growth of the principal
mechanical arts and manufactures: notice of important inventions;
results of each decennial census; tariffs; and statistics of
manufacturing centres. It has a good index by which the industrial
history of each colony and state can be quickly traced. Bolles,
Albert S. The Financial History of the United States. New York,
1879-86. 3 vols.
Carroll, Henry King. Religious Forces in the United States,
enumerated, classified and described on the basis of the Government
Census of 1890. New York, 1893.
Dorchester, Daniel. Christianity in the United States from the first
settlement down to the present time. New York and Cincinnati, 1888.
Hayward, John. The Religious Creeds and Statistics of every Christian
Denomination in the United States. Boston, 1836.
4. LOCAL
Connecticut-State, county, town, etc., of which only the more
important town and county histories, and reports of anniversary
celebrations are given. Those omitted are of small interest outside of
their respective towns, except to genealogists or to those whose
families chance to be mentioned in the sketch of historical
development or of commercial growth. The many books of this type
contribute general coloring, and some of them a few important bits of
information, to the story of the development of the state, but many
are not worth enumerating as sources, or as assistants to the general
reader or student.
Allen, Francis Olcott. The History of Enfleld, compiled from all the
public records of the town known to exist, covering from the beginning
to 1850. Lancaster, 1900. 3 vols.
Carefully compiled and attested by the town clerk. Includes also
graveyard inscriptions and extracts from Hartford, Northampton and
Springfield records.
Andrews, Charles M. The River Towns of Connecticut, Wethersfield,
Hartford and Windsor. Baltimore, 1889. (Also Johns Hopkins Historical
and Political Science Papers, vii, 341-456.)
Atwater, Edward E. (editor). History of the City of New Haven. New
York, 1887.
Good for the earlier history, for a few extracts from records;
contains descriptions of public men and events, also extracts from
old newspapers, etc.
----History of the Colony of New Haven to its absorption into
Connecticut. New Haven, 1881. A much better book, being the best
special history of the New Haven Colony.
Baldwin, Simeon E. Constitutional Reform. A Discussion of the Present
Inequalities of Representatives in the General Assembly [of
Connecticut]. New Haven, 1873.
----The Early History of the Ballot in Connecticut. American
Historical Association Papers, i, 407-422. New York, 1890.
----The Three Constitutions of Connecticut. In New Haven Historical
Society Papers, vol. v.
Barber, John W. Connecticut Historical Collections. New Haven, 1856.
A book of brief anecdotal town histories, curious legends, notable
events, newspaper clippings, together with a goodly number of
illustrations.
Bolles, John Rogers. The Rogerenes: Some hitherto unpublished annals
belonging to the Colonial History of Connecticut. Part
1. A. Vindication, by J. R. Bolles. Part 2. History of the Rogerenes,
by Anna B. Williams. Boston, 1904.
Bowen, Clarence W. The Boundary Disputes of Connecticut. Boston,
1882.
Breckenridge, Francis A. Recollections of a New England Town
(Meriden). Meriden, 1899.
Typical of the life in New England towns, 1800-1850.
Bronson, Henry, Early Government of Connecticut. (New Haven
Historical Society Papers, iii, 293 et seq.)
Bushnell, Horace. "Work and Play," being the first volume of his
"Literary Varieties." New York, 1881.
Contains an historical estimate of Connecticut.
Caulkins, Frances M. History of New London, Connecticut. New London,
1852.
----History of Norwich, Connecticut. Norwich, 1845.
These two histories are readable, reliable and full of detail,
culled from original records, many of which are now deposited with
the New London Historical Society.
Clap, Thomas. Annals or History of Yale College. New Haven, 1766.
Cothren, William. History of Ancient Woodbury, Connecticut,
1669-1879. (Including Washington, Southbury, Bethlehem, Roxbury, and
part of Oxford and Middlebury.) Waterbury, 1854, 1872, 1879. 3 vols.
Vols. i and ii, history, with considerable genealogy. Vol. iii,
1679-1879, births, marriages and deaths.
Dexter, Franklin Bowditch. Thomas Clap and his Writings. See New
Haven Historical Society Papers, vol. v.
----Sketch of the History of Yale University. New Haven, 1887.
Dwight, Theodore. History of Connecticut. New York, 1841.
----History of Hartford Convention. Hartford, 1833.
Of the 447 pages, 340 are devoted to recounting the events which led
to the calling of the convention, and, with much political bias, to
the history of Jefferson's political career from 1789, quoting from
official correspondence and his private letters. Pages 340-422 deal
with the convention proper, giving, pp. 383-400, its "Secret
Journal." The Appendix, pp. 422-447, has brief biographies of the
members.
Dwight, Timothy. Travels in New England and New York. New Haven,
1831. 4 vols.
Dodd, Stephen. The East Haven Register in Three Parts. New Haven,
1824.
A rare little book of 200 pages compiled by the pastor of the
Congregational Church in East Haven. Part i contains a history of
the town from 1640 to 1800; part ii, names, marriages, and births,
1644-1800; part iii, account of the deaths in families, from 1647 to
1824.
Field, David Dudley. A History of the Towns of Haddam and East
Haddam. Middletown, 1814.
A book of some forty-eight pages, of which six are devoted to
genealogies "taken partly from the records of the towns, and partly
from the information of aged people" by the pastor of the church in
Haddam. Though largely ecclesiastical, its author-- a college
A. M.--realizes the value of statistics in references to population,
necrology, taxes, militia, farming, and other industries, and weaves
them into his rambling story.
----Statistical Account of the County of Middlesex. Middletown, 1819.
Fowler, William Chauncey. History of Durham, 1662- 1866.
Includes in chapter xii--pp. 229-443--extracts trom Town Records,
Ministerial Records, Proprietor's Eecords.
Gillett, E. H., Rev. The Development of Civil Liberty in
Connecticut. In Historical Magazine, 2d series, vol. iv (1868),
pp. 1-34, Appendices, pp. 34-49. Morrisania, N. Y., 1868.
Appendix A. Report of the Rev. Elizur Goodrich, D. D., to the
Convention of Delegates from the Synod of New York and Philadelphia
and from the Associations of Connecticut, held annually from 1766 to
1775 inclusive (being a statement on the subject of Religious
Liberty in the Colony), with notes by E. H. G. pp. 34-43.
Appendix B. Letter of Rev. Thomas Prince of Boston to Rev. John
Drew of Groton, Conn., May 8, 1744, pp. 43-47. (Sympathizing with
the New Lights.)
Appendix C. Three short paragraphs omitted from the body of the
article.
Appendix D. Extracts from the American reprint of Graham's
"Ecclesiastical Establishments of Europe," pp. 47, 48.
This article in itself contains Israel Holly's "Memorial," Joseph
Brown's "Letter to Infant Baptisers of North Parish in New London"
(in part); also copious citations from the pamphlets of Bolles,
Frothingham, Bragge, the Autobiography of Billy Hibbard (Methodist
preacher) and extracts from Abraham Bishop's pamphlets.
Hartford Town Votes, 1635-1716. (Transcribed by Chas. J. Hoadly.) See
Connecticut Historical Society Collections, 1897, vol. vi.
Hollister, Gideon H. Address in Litchfleld, April 9,1856, before the
Historical and Antiquarian Society, on the occasion of completing its
organization. Hartford, 1856.
Hollister, Gideon H. The History of Connecticut. New Haven, 1855. 2
vols.
A history of Connecticut from the first settlement of the colony to
the adoption of the present Constitution in 1818.
Hurd, D. Hamilton. History of Fairfield County, Connecticut, with
illustrations and Biographical Sketches of its Prominent Men and
Pioneers. Philadelphia, 1881.
Johnson, William Samuel. Letters to the Governors of Connecticut,
1766-1771. See Mass. Historical Society Collections, series 5,
vol. ix, pp. 211-490.
Johnston, Alexander. The Genesis of a New England State,
Connecticut. Baltimore, 1883. Revised 1903. (Also in Johns Hopkins
University Studies, vol. i, no. 11.)
----Connecticut; a Study of a Commonwealth Democracy. Boston and New
York, 1887. Revised 1903.
Jones, Frederick R. History of Taxation in Connecticut. Johns Hopkins
University Studies in Political Science, series 14, no. 8. Baltimore,
1896.
Journal of the Proceedings of the Convention of Delegates Convened at
Hartford, August 26, 1818. Hartford, 1873. Reprinted by order of the
state comptroller, Hartford, 1901.
Kilbourne, P. K. Sketches and Churches of the Town of
Litchfield. Historical, biographical, statistical. Hartford, 1859.
An excellent account, drawing in part upon Woodruff's (George C.)
History of Litchfield, 1845, and Morris' Statistical Account of
Litchfield County, 1818, with additional matter.
Kingsley, F. J. Old Connecticut. See New Haven Historical Society
Papers, vol. iii.
Kingsley, James Luce. Sketch of Yale College. Boston, 1835.
Lambert, Edward R. History of the Colony of New Haven, before and
after the Union with Connecticut. New Haven, 1838.
Larned, Ellen D. History of Windham County. Worcester, 1874. 2 vols.
One of the best of the local histories.
Vol. 1, book iii. Account of Canterbury Church difficulties and of the
Clevelands.
----Historic Gleanings in Windham County, Connecticut. Providence,
1899.
Levermore, Charles H. The Republic of New Haven. Also in Johns
Hopkins University Studies, extra vol. i. Baltimore, 1886.
Litchfleld Book of Days, A collection of the historical, biographical
and literary reminiscences of Litchfleld, Connecticut. Edited by
George C. Boswell. Litchfield, 1899.
Litchfleld County Centennial Celebration, August 13-14,
1851. Hartford, 1851.
Loomis (Dwight) and Calhoun (J. Gilbert). The Judicial and Civil
History of Connecticut. Boston, 1895.
Orcutt, Samuel. History of New Milford and Bridgewater, Connecticut,
1703-1882. Hartford, 1882.
----History of Old Town of Derby. Springfield, 1880.
"Prepared with great fidelity and thoroughness, and to take rank
with the best town histories," wrote Noah Porter on Feb. 1,
1880. Biography and Genealogy, pp. 523-785.
----History of the Old Town of Stratford and the City of
Bridgeport. New Haven, 1886. 2 pts.
The Proceedings of a Convention of Delegates from the states of
Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, the Counties of Cheshire and
Grafton in the State of New Hampshire and the County of Windham in the
State of Vermont convened at Hartford in the State of Connecticut,
December 15, 1814. Hartford, 1815.
Sanford, Elias B. A History of Connecticut. Hartford, 1887.
A school history.
Selleck, Charles M. History of Norwalk. Norwich, 1886.
Statistical Account of the Towns and Parishes in the State of
Connecticut, published by Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences,
vol. i, no. 1. New Haven, 1811.
Steiner, Bernard Christian. A History of the Plantation of Menunkatuck
and of the Original Town of Guilford, Connecticut (present towns of
Guilford and Madison) written largely from the manuscripts of The Hon.
Ralph Dunning Smyth. Baltimore, 1897.
The book draws upon the preceding histories of Guilford, namely that
of the Rev. Thomas Kuggles, Jr., and the later sketch of Guilford
and Madison by Daniel Dudley Field, first written in 1827 for the
Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences. It was revised by
R. D. Smyth in 1840 and published in 1877 after his
death. Mr. Sterner has added matter derived from a study of the town
records and other sources, making a history that covers all points
of development.
----Governor William Leete and the absorption of New Haven by the
Colony of Connecticut. American Historical Association, Annual Report,
1891, pp. 209-222.
----History of Slavery in Connecticut. (See Johns Hopkins Historical
Studies, ii, 30 et seq.) Baltimore, 1893.
Stiles, Ezra. A Discourse on the Christian Union. Brookfield, 1799.
----The Literary Diary of Ezra Stiles, edited under the authority of
the corporation of Yale University by F. B. Dexter, M. A. New York,
1901. 3 vols.
Stiles, Henry Reed. Ancient Windsor. Hartford, 1891. 2 vols.
Swift, Zephaniah. System of the Laws of the State of
Connecticut. Windham, 1795.
Trumbull, Benjamin. A Complete History of Connecticut, Civil and
Ecclesiastical, 1639 to 1713, continued to 1764. New Haven, 1818. 2
vols.
Reprint with Introductory Notes and Index by Jonathan Trumbull. New
London, 1898.
Trumbull, J. Hammond (Editor). Hartford County Memorial
History. Hartford, 1886. 2 vols.
Vol. i, part i, The County of Hartford treated topically, as early
history, the colonial period, "Bench and Bar," "Medical History,"
etc. Part ii, Hartford, Town and City. Vol. ii, Brief Histories of the
different towns.
Trumbull, J. Hammond. Historical Notes of the Constitutions of
Connecticut, 1639 to 1818; and Progress of the Movement which resulted
in the Convention of 1818, and the Adoption of the present
Constitution. Hartford, 1873. Reprinted by order of State
Comptroller, Hartford, 1901.
----Origin and Early Progress of Indian Missions in New
England. Worcester, 1874.
----Defense of Stonington (Connecticut) against a British
Squadron. Hartford, 1864.
----The True Blue Laws of Connecticut and New Haven and the False Blue
Laws invented by the Rev. Samuel Peters. To which are added specimens
of the Laws of other Colonies and some of the Blue Laws of
England. Hartford, 1876.
----List of Books printed in Connecticut, 1709-1800 (edited by his
daughter Annie E. Trumbull). The list contains 1741 titles and also a
list of printers. Hartford, 1904.
Webster, Noah. Collection of Papers on Political, Literary and Moral
Subjects. New York, 1843.
5. LOCAL BIOGRAPHIES
Bacon, Leonard. Sketch of Life and Public Services of James
Hillhouse. New Haven, 1860.
Blake, B.L. Gurdon Saltonstall. In New London Historical Society
Papers, part 5, vol. i.
Dexter, Franklin B. Biographical Sketches of Graduates of Yale. 3
vols. May, 1701-May, 1745; New York, 1885. May, 1745-May, 1763; New
York, 1896. May, 1763-May, 1778; New York, 1903.
Kilbourne, P. K. Biographical History of the County of Litchfield. New
York, 1851.
Mitchell, Donald G. American Lands and Letters. 3 vols.
First volume, for early newspapers, the Hartford Wits and literati
of the colonial period.
Sprague, W. B. Annals of the American Pulpit. New York, 1857-69. 9
vols.
Biographical Sketches in chronological order, contributed by 540
writers of sectarian prominence, and with intent to show development
of churches and the power of character.
Vols. i and ii, Trinitarian-Congregationalists. Vols. iii and iv,
Presbyterian. Vol. v, Episcopalians (reference for the Episcopal
Republican coalition in 1818 in Connecticut). Vol. vi, Baptists.
Vol. vii, Methodists. Vol. viii, Unitarians. Vol. ix, Lutherans, Dutch
Reformed, etc.
Tyler, Moses Coit. Three Men of Letters (George Berkeley, Timothy
Dwight and Joel Barlow). New York and London, 1895.
B. CONNECTICUT NEWSPAPERS
_w_. abbreviation for weekly
HARTFORD
American Mercury, _w_. Anti-Federal.
Founded July 12, 1784, with Joel Barlow, editor, and Elisha Babcock,
publisher. In 1833 merged into the Independent Press.
Yale University Library has a file practically complete to 1828,
only 20 numbers missing.
Connecticut Courant. _w_. Federal, Whig, Republican.
Founded 1764, by Thomas Green as organ of the Loyal Sons of Liberty;
later supported Washington and Adams; continued as the weekly and
now daily Hartford Courant. Said to be the oldest newspaper still
published in the United States. Connecticut Courant and the Weekly
Hartford Intelligencer, 1774.
Connecticut Courant and the Weekly Intelligencer, Feb. 1781.
The latter part of title dropped March 21, 1791.
In 1837 the Daily Courant was established. This paper bought out the
Independent Press (which in turn had absorbed the American Mercury);
and the staff of the Press, including Charles Dudley Warner,
Gen. J. K. Hawley and Stephen A. Hubbard, joined William
H. Goodrich, who was the business manager of the Couraut.
Connecticut Mirror, _w_. Federal.
Founded July 10, 1809, by Charles Hosmer, publisher. During the War
of 1812, it was the organ of the "extreme right" of the Federal
party. It was continued until about 1835.
Yale University Library contains an almost complete file up to 1831.
Times. _w_. Democratic-Republican.
Founded Jan., 1817, with Frederick D. Bolles, publisher, and
M. Niles, editor. Its slogan was "Toleration" and the New
Constitution.
March 2,1841, it became the Daily Times, and still continues.
NEW HAVEN
Columbian Register, _w_. Democrat.
Founded Dec. 1, 1812, Joseph Barber, publisher, to give "proceedings
of Congress, latest news from Europe and history of New England,
particularly of Connecticut." Daily edition, 1845; Sunday edition,
1877.
Yale University has a continuous file.
The Connecticut Gazette, _w_.
Printed by James Parker, April, 1755. Suspended April 14,1764.
Eevived by Benjamin Mecom, July 5, 1765. Ended Feb. 19, 1768.
Connecticut Herald, _w_. Federal, Republican.
Founded 1803, by Corostock, Griswold & Co., publishers, Thomas Green
Woodward, editor. A Daily Herald, issued Nov. 16,1832. In 1835 its
publishers, Woodward & Carrington, bought the Connecticut Journal.
The Daily Herald and Journal of 1846 soon became, by buying out the
Courier, The Morning Journal and Courier, as now, and its weekly
edition, the Connecticut Herald.
Yale University has a continuous file.
The Connecticut Journal and New Haven Post Boy. _w_. Federal.
Founded 1767 by Thomas and Samuel Green. It was started about four
months before the Connecticut Gazette (New Haven). It failed April
7,1835, and was sold to Woodward & Carrington, owners of the Daily
Herald.
The title "and New Haven Post Boy" was omitted about 1775. It was
known in 1799, for a few months only, as the Connecticut Journal and
Weekly Advertiser, and in 1809, for a few months only, as the
Connecticut Journal and Advertiser.
Yale's file dates from 1774 to 1835.
The New Haven Gazette and the Connecticut Magazine, _w_. Meigs &
Dana, Feb. 16, 1786-1798.
NEW LONDON
The Connecticut Post and New Haven Visitor, _w_.
Founded Oct. 30, 1802, as the Visitor; title changed Nov. 3, 1803.
Ended its existence about Nov. 8, 1834.
The New London Gazette, _w_. (Connecticut Gazette.)
Founded by Timothy Green, November, 1763. The earlier Connecticut
Gazette, published at New Haven, April, 1755-April 14, 1763, having
ended February, 1768, the New London Gazette adopted the New Haven
paper's name. The firm became Timothy Green & Son, 1789-1794. Samuel
Green (the son) conducted the paper to 1841, except the year 1805,
and from 1838 to 1840. Known as the Connecticut and Universal
Intelligencer, Dec. 10, 1773-May 11, 1787.
Yale University flies are from 1765 to 1828, except 1775, '76, '77,
and '78.
OUTSIDE OF CONNECTICUT
Niles' Weekly Register, _w_. Baltimore, 1811-1849.
It was known from 1811 to 1814 as the Weekly Register; from 1814 to
August, 1837, as Niles' Weekly Register, and from 1837 to 1849 as
Niles' National Register. It devoted itself to the record of public
events, essays and documents dealing with political, historical,
statistical, economic and biographical matter.
C. PUBLIC RECORDS AND OTHERS TOUCHING UPON CONNECTICUT HISTORY
New Haven Colonial Records, ed. by C. J. Hoadly. 2 vols. 1638-1649;
1653-1664. Hartford, 1857-58.
Connecticut, Colonial Records of, ed. by C. J. Hoadly and J. Hammond
Trumbull. 15 vols. 1635-1776,. Hartford, 1850-90.
State of Connecticut, Records of the, ed. by C. J. Hoadly. 2
vols. 1776-1778; 1778-1780. Hartford, 1894-95.
United Colonies of New England, Records of the, in vol. ii. of
E. Hazard's "Historical Collections consisting of State Papers and
other authentic Documents, etc."
Plymouth Colony, Records of, ed. by N. R. Shurtleff and
D. Pulsifer. 12 vols. Boston, 1855-61.
Records of the General Association of Connecticut, June 20, 1738, June
19, 1799; Hartford, 1888. 8 vols.
Minutes of Proceedings of the General Association, 1818, on.
Proceedings of Connecticut Missionary Society, 1801-1819.
Report of the Superintendent of Common Schools of Connecticut, 1853.
This annual report has a detailed account of the Western Land Bill
appropriations, pp. 64-108.
The Constitutions of Connecticut, with Notes and Statistics regarding
Town Representation in the General Assembly, and Documents relating to
the Constitutional Convention of 1902. Printed by Order of the State
Comptroller. Hartford, 1901.
The Code of 1650. In Hinman's "Antiquities of Connecticut."
The Public Statute Laws of the State of Connecticut. Hartford, 1808.
Acts and Laws, 1784-1794. (Supplements to Oct., 1795, laid in.) New
London, 1784.
Acts and Laws, 1811-1821.
D. HISTORICAL SOCIETY PUBLICATIONS
American Historical Association Annual Report. 1889-1904.
Connecticut Historical Society Collections. 8 vols.
Especially vol. i, Extract from Hooker's Sermon. Vol. ii, Hartford
Church Papers. Vol. iii, Extract from Letter to the Rev. Thomas
Prince. Vols. v and vi, Talcott Papers.
Massachusetts Historical Society Collections, 1792-1904. 64 vols.
Volumes containing the Mather, Sewall, and Winthrop Papers were
especially useful.
Narragansett Club Publications. Providence, 1866. 6 vols.
The Correspondence of Roger Williams and John Cotton, vols. i and ii.
New Haven Colony Historical Society Papers. 6 vols.
Rhode Island Historical Society Collections. 8 vols. 1827-92.
Proceedings, 4 vols., 1871-92, and Publications, 1892, onwards.
MANUSCRIPTS
Judge Church's MS. in New Haven Historical Society Library.
A sketch prepared for the historian Hollister.
Manuscript Records of the Newport Yearly Meeting, deposited in the
Friends' School, Providence, R. I.
Manuscript Minutes of the Hartford North Association, deposited in
Yale library.
Stiles, Ezra. Itinerary and Memoirs, 1760-1794, deposited in Yale
College.
E. DENOMINATIONAL LITERATURE
1. BAPTIST
Asplund, John. The Annual Register of the Baptist Denomination in
North America ... to Nov. 1,1790; containing an account of the
Churches and their Constitutions, Ministers, Members, Associations,
their Plan and Sentiments, Rule and Order, Proceedings and
Correspondence. Worcester, 1791-94.
Backus, Isaac. A History of New England with Particular Reference to
the Denomination of Christians called Baptists. Newton, Mass., 1871. 2
vols.
This edition by D. Weston includes Isaac Backus' prefaces to vol. i,
finished 1777; vol. ii, 1784; and vol iii, 1796.
This contemporary writer is regarded as an authority, as much of his
work was founded upon the court, town, and church records and upon
the minutes of ecclesiastical councils. He searched diligently the
records of Plymouth, Taunton, Boston, Essex, Providence, Newport,
Hartford and New Haven. The book has a chronological record of the
Connecticut churches. It is very discursive.
Benedict, David. A General History of the Baptist Denomination in
America and other parts of the world. Boston, 1813.
This contains a more complete list of the associations and churches
than that given by Backus. There is a valuable chapter, "Baptist
Communities who differ from the main body of the denomination and
who are also distinguished by some peculiarities of their own."
Burrage, Henry S. A History of the Baptists in New
England. Philadelphia, 1894.
Particularly useful in tracing the progress of the denomination in
the different states, and in its contribution to the history of
religious liberty.
Cathcart, William (Editor). The Baptist Encyclopedia: A Dictionary of
the Doctrines ... of the Baptist Denomination in all
Lands. Philadelphia, 1883. 2 vols.
Curtis, Thomas F. The Progress of Baptist Principles in the Last
Hundred Years. Boston, 1856.
Denison, Frederic. Notes of the Baptists and their Principles in
Norwich. Norwich, 1859.
This contains the famous Separatist Petition to the King in 1756.
Guild, Reuben A. History of Brown University, with Illustrated
Documents. Providence, 1867.
Hovey, Alvah. A Memoir of the Life and Times of the Reverend Isaac
Backus, A. M. Boston, 1858.
Newman, Albert H. A History of the Baptist Churches in the United
States. New York, 1894.
2. CONGREGATIONALIST
A Confession of Faith, Owned and Consented to by the Elders and
Messengers of the Churches in the Colony of Connecticut in New England
Assembled by Delegates at Saybrook, Sept. 9, 1708.
First Edition (first book printed in Connecticut), New London, 1710.
Second Edition, New London, 1760, with Heads of Agreement; Edition
of Hartford, 1831. [a]
A Faithful Narrative of the Surprising Work of God in the Conversion
of Many Hundred Souls in Northampton and the Neighboring Towns.... In
a letter to the Rev'd. Doctor Benjamin Colman of Boston, written by
the Rev'd. Mr. Edwards, Minister of Northampton, on Nov. 6,
1736. London, 1737.
Autobiography of Lyman Beecher, D. D. New York, 1864. 3vols.
Especially valuable for the attitude of the Congregational clergy
during the first constitutional reform movement in Connecticut.
Bacon, Leonard. The Genesis of the New England Churches. New York,
1874.
----Thirteen Historical Discourses, on completion of Two Hundred Years
from the beginning of the First Church, New Haven. New Haven, 1839.
Baldwin, Simeon E. Ecclesiastical Constitution of Yale College. In New
Haven Historical Society's Papers, vol. iii.
Contributions to the Ecclesiastical History of Connecticut: prepared
under the direction of the General Association, to commemorate the
completion of one hundred and fifty years since its first annual
Assembly. New Haven, 1861.
See under L. Bacon, the history of David Brainerd.
Barrowe, Henry. Answer to Mr. Gifford.
----A Briefe Discoverie of the False Church. Date, 1590. London
ed. 1707.
----A True Description of the Word of God, of the Visible Church, 1589.
Briggs, Charles Augustus. American Presbyterianism: Its Origin and
Early History. New York, 1885.
Browne, Robert. An Answer to Master Cartwright His Letter for Joyning
with the English Churches. London, 1585.
----A True and Short Declaration. Middelburg, 1584.
----A Treatise of Reformation without tarrying. Middelburg, 1582.
----The Book which Sheweth the life and manners of all true Christians,
and how unlike they are unto Turkes and Papists and Heathen folk. Also
the pointes and partes of all Divinitie that is of the revealed will
and words of God, and declared by their severall Definitions and
Divisions in order as followeth. Middelburg, 1582.
Browne, Robert. "A New Years Guift:" an hitherto lost
treatise. (Letter of Dec. 31, 1588, to his uncle, M. Flower.) Edited
by Champlin Burrage. London, 1904.
Clap, Thomas. Religious Constitution of Colleges, with Special
Reference to Yale. New London, 1754.
Cotton, John. Civil Magistrates Power in Matters of Religion. London,
1655.
----The Keyes of the Kingdom of Heaven and Powers thereof according to
the Word of God. London, 1644.
----Questions and Answers upon Church Government. London, 1713.
----Way of the Churches of Christ in New England. London, 1645.
----Way of the Congregational Churches Cleared. London, 1648.
Cotton, John. In title, but a misprint for:--
Davenport, John. A Discourse about Civil Government in a New
Plantation whose design is Religion, written many years
since. Cambridge, 1643.
Dexter, Henry Martyn. The Congregationalism of the last Three Hundred
Years: as seen in its Literature with special reference to certain
Recondite, Neglected or Disputed Passages. New York, 1880.
Lectures, with Bibliography of over 7000 titles and Index. An
historical review of Congregationalism from its earliest forms to the
last half of the nineteenth century.
----History of Congregationalists. Hartford, 1894. Brief popular
history.
----Story of the Pilgrims. Boston and Chicago, 1894. Dunning, Albert
E. Congregationalists in America. New York, 1894.
Dutton, S. M. S. History of the North Church, New Haven, from its
Formation in May 1742, during the Great Awakening, to the Completion
of the Century, in May 1842. New Haven, 1842.
Edwards, Jonathan. Works of, with Memoir by S. E. Dwight. New York,
1829. 10 vols.
Fisher, George P. Discourses ... Church of Christ in Yale College,
November 22, 1857. New Haven, 1858.
Frequent citations from the diaries of the Cleveland brothers.
Fitch, Thomas. Explanation of the Saybrook Platform. The Principles
of the Consociated Churches in Connecticut; Collected from the Plan of
Union. By one that heartily desires the Order, Peace and Purity of
these Churches. Hartford, 1765.
Hobart, Noah. An Attempt to illustrate and confirm the Ecclesiastical
Constitution of the Consociated Churches in the Colony of
Connecticut. New Haven, 1765.
Hooker, Richard. Of the Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity. London, 1648.
Hooker, Thomas. Survey of the Summe of Church Discipline. London,
1648.
Lechford, Thomas. Plaine Dealing. London, 1642.
Letter of Many Ministers in Old England requesting the Judgment of
their Brethren in New England concerning Nine Positions
... 1637.... Together with their Answer thereunto returned Anno 1639
(by J. Davenport). London, 1643.
Mather, Cotton. Magualia Christi Americana; or, The Ecclesiastical
History of New England 1620-1698. London, 1702. Hartford, 1855. 2
vols.
----Ratio Discipline Fratrum Nov-Anglorum; A Faithful Account of the
Discipline Professed and Practised in the Churches of New
England. Boston, 1726. Mather, Richard. Church Government and Church
Covenant Discussed. London, 1643.
Prince, Thomas. The Christian History of the Revival and Propagation
of Religion. Boston, 1743.
Purchard, George. History of Congregationalism from about 250 A. D. to
1616. New York and Boston, 1865-1888. 5 vols.
Walker, George Leon. History of the First Church of
Hartford. Hartford, 1884.
----Some Aspects of the Religious Life of New England with special
reference to Congregationalists. New York, Boston and Chicago, 1897.
Walter, Williston. The Creeds and Platforms of Congregationalism. New
York, 1893.
----A History of the Congregational Churches in the United
States. (American Church History Series). New York, 1894.
White, Daniel Appleton. New England Congregationalism in its Origin
and Purity: illustrated by the foundation and early records of First
Church in Salem. Salem, 1861.
Wolcott, Roger. A Letter to Rev. Mr. Noah Hobart. [The New English
Congregational Churches.... Consociated Churches.] Boston, 1761.
3. EPISCOPALIAN
Beardsley, E. Edwards, D. D. History of the Episcopal Church in
Connecticut. New York, 1865-68. 2 vols.
An account of the church in Connecticut with strong church bias and
inclination to excuse the Tory sentiments of the early
rectors. Second volume gives the Episcopal side of the "Toleration"
conflict of 1817-18. Much interesting detail.
Church Review and Ecclesiastical Register. In American Quarterly
Church Review, vol. x, p. 116. New Haven and New York, 1848-91.
Collections of the Protestant Episcopal Historical Society, The. New
York, 1851-53. 2 vols.
These MSS. are found in Perry and Hawks's Documentary History, and
include a valuable article on the Episcopate before the Revolution,
by F. L. Hawks, also "Thoughts upon the present state of the Church
of England in the Colonies," [1764] by an unknown contemporary.
Cross, Arthur Lyon. The History of the Anglican Episcopate and the
American Colonies. New York and London, 1902.
Hawkins, E. Historical Notices of the Missions of the Church of
England in the North American Colonies. London, 1845.
Chiefly drawn from MS. documents of the Society for the Propagation of
the Gospel.
Hawks (Frances Lister) and Perry (William Stevens). Documentary
History of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United
States. Containing ... documents concerning the Church in
Connecticut. New York, 1863-34. 2vols.
See Perry, William Stevens.
McConnell, Samuel Davis. History of the American Episcopal Church. New
York, 1890.
A brief general history with a number of pages devoted to the
attempts to establish the Episcopate in America and to the political
hostility that it roused.
Perry, William Stevens (Bishop of Iowa). [See F. L. Hawks.]
Documentary History of the Protestant Episcopal Church. New York,
1863-64. 2 vols.
Unbiased; arranged under topical heads; has illustrated monographs
by different authors; illustrations, including facsimiles; and also
critical notes, frequently referring to original sources. It
contains many letters from the missions established by the London
Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts.
Shaw, W. A. A History of the Church of England. 2 vols.
4. METHODIST
Asbury's (Francis) Journal. New York, 1821. 3 vols. A brief diary of
all Bishop Asbury's American journeys: Vols. ii and iii concern New
England, with comments on his surroundings, his preaching and the
people.
Bangs, Nathan. History of the Methodist Episcopal Church. New York,
1841-45. 4 vols.
Clark, Edgar F. The Methodist Episcopal Churches of Norwich. Norwich,
1867.
Convenient secondary authority gives, pp. 6-21, a connected account
of the early days of Connecticut Methodism.
Scudder, Moses Lewis. American Methodism. Hartford, 1870.
General attitude of New England towards the introduction of
Methodism.
Stevens, Abel. Memorials of the Introduction of Methodism into the
Eastern States. Boston, 1848.
Biographical notices of the early preachers, sketches of the earlier
societies, and reminiscences of struggles and successes. "Some
account of every Methodist preacher who was regularly appointed to
New England during the first five years" of New England Methodism,
derived from original sources, letters, and from books now out of
print. The fullest account of Connecticut Methodists. It contains
frequent citations from Jesse Lee's diary.
Appendix A contains valuable statistics; appendix B has a scurrilous
pamphlet, "A Key to unlock Methodism, or Academical Hubbub," etc.,
published in Norwich, 1800.
----The Centenary of American Methodism: a Sketch of its History,
Theology, Practical System, and Success. New York, 1866.
----The History of the Religious Movement of the Eighteenth Century,
called Methodism. New York, 1858-61. 3 vols.
5. QUAKERS, OR THE SOCIETY OF FRIENDS
Besse, Joseph. A Collection of the Sufferings of the People called
Quakers, for the Testimony of a Good Conscience, etc., to the year
1689. London, 1753. 2 vols.
Vol. ii contains a full account of their persecutions, together with
copies of the proceedings against them and letters from the
sufferers.
Bowden, James. History of the Society of Friends in America. New York
and London, 1845. 2 vols.
A history of the sect throughout New England, containing many short
biographies. It is fair and frank in its record of New England
persecutions. The author adopts the unique plea that the excesses of
the converts were inspired by the Holy Spirit as a reproof to their
persecutors for the kind of persecution and punishment that was
meted out to innocent persons.
Evans, Charles. Friends in the Seventeenth Century. Philadelphia,
1876.
Gough, John. History of the People called Quakers. Dublin, 1789-90. 4
vols.
Hallowell, Richard Price. The Pioneer Quakers. Boston and New York,
1887.
Manuscript Records of Early Newport Yearly (Friends') Meetings--at
Friends' School, Providence, R. I.
Minutes of meetings, reports of cases of oppression, of converts, etc.
Sewel, William. The History of the Rise, Increase and Progress of the
Christian People called Quakers, Intermixed with Several Remarkable
Occurrences. Written originally in Low Dutch by W. S. and by himself
translated into English.
1st ed., Amsterdam, 1717; 2d ed., London, 1722; 3d ed., 1725, 2
vols. Philadelphia, 1728, etc. New York, 1844. [a]
Wagstaff, William R. History of the Friends (compiled from standard
records and authentic sources). New York and London, 1845.
A defense of the excesses in Quaker eccentricities as religious
enthusiasm in persons who were driven by persecution to the verge of
madness. A similar view is expressed by R. P. Hallowell and by
Brooks Adams in his "Emancipation of Massachusetts."
F. TRACTS (RELIGIOUS, POLITICAL OR BOTH)
Of these, several titles that are found at full length either in the
text or footnotes are omitted here. Many more might have been added,
but it is thought best to omit them because of their cumbrous titles,
their scant interest to the average reader, and their inaccessibility,
being found only in the largest libraries or among rare Americana. For
similar reasons, works strictly theological in character are also not
listed. Any sizable library possesses a copy of H. M. Dexter's
"Congregationalism as seen in the Literature of the last Three Hundred
Years." Its bibliography of over 7000 titles gives all the religious,
ecclesiastical or politico-ecclesiastical tracts, and theological
works touching upon Congregationalism. Yale University library has a
large amount of the Americana collected by Mr. Dexter.
Trumbull's list of books published in Connecticut before 1800 gives
the titles of books and pamphlets of strictly local import
The Baptist Confession of Faith; first put forth in 1648; afterwards
enlarged, corrected and published by an Assembly of Delegates (from
the churches in Great Britain) met in London, July 3, 1689; adopted by
the Association at Philadelphia, September 22, 1742, and now received
by churches of the same denomination in most of the American States,
to which is added a System of Church Discipline. Portland, 1794.
Bartlett, Moses. False and Seducing Teachers. New London, 1757.
Beecher, Lyman. Sermon. A Reformation of Morals practicable and
indispensible. ... New Haven, 1813. Andover, 1814.
Bishop, Abraham. Connecticut Republicanism. An Oration on the extent
and power of Political Delusion. Delivered in New Haven, September,
1800.
----Proofs of a Conspiracy against Christianity and the Government of
the United States; exhibited in several views of the Church and State
in New England. Hartford, 1802.
----The Oration in honor of the election of President Jefferson and the
peaceful acquisition of Louisiana, 1801.
Bishop, George. New England Judged, Not by Man's, but the Spirit of
the Lord: And the Summe sealed up of New England's Persecutions. Being
a Brief Relation of the Sufferings of the People called Quakers in
these Parts. London, 1661.
Bolles, John. Concerning the Christian Sabbath. 1757.
----To Worship God in Spirit and in Truth is True Liberty of
Conscience. 1756.
----A Relation of the Opposition which some Baptist People met at
Norwich. 1761.
Booth, Abraham. Essay on Kingdom of Christ. London, 1788. New London,
1801. [a]
American edition edited by John Sterry of the Norwich "True
Republican," together with notes containing his strictures on the
Connecticut and English Established Church.
Bragge, Robert. Church Discipline. London, 1739. Republished, New
London, 1768. [a]
"A Defence of simple Congregationalism and disestablishment."
Browne, Joseph. Principles of Baptism. A Letter to Infant Baptisers in
the North Parish of New London. New London, 1767.
Quoted by Rev. E. H. Gillett, Hist. Mag. 2d series, vol. iv, p. 28.
Browne, Robert. A Treatise of reformation without tarrying for
Magistrates and of the wickednesse of those Preachers which will not
reforme till the Magistrates commande or compell them. Middelburg,
1582. Only three copies known. Reprint at Boston and London.
Chauncy, Charles, Rev. Seasonable Thoughts. Boston, 1743.
Treats of the Great Awakening, of which the author was a determined
opponent.
Clap, Thomas. Brief History and Vindication of the Doctrines received
and established in the Churches of New England. New Haven, 1755.
Daggett, David. Argument, before the General Assembly of Connecticut,
Oct. 1804, in the case of Certain Justices of the Peace.... New Haven,
1804.
----Count the Cost. An Address to the People of Connecticut.... By
Jonathan Steadfast. Hartford, 1804.
----Facts are Stubborn Things, or Nine Plain Questions to the People of
Connecticut. By Simon Holdfast. Hartford, 1803.
----Steady Habits Vindicated. Hartford, 1805.
----Sun-Beams may be extracted from Cucumbers, but the process is
tedious. An Oration, pronounced 4 July, 1799.... New Haven, 1799.
Darling, Thomas. Some Remarks on President Clap's "History and
Vindication." New Haven, 1757.
Foster, Isaac. Defence of Religious Liberty. Worcester, 1779.
Frothingham, Ebenezer. A Key to unlock the Door, That leads in, to
take a Fair View of the Religious Constitution, Established by Law, in
the Colony of Connecticut ... with a short Observation upon the
Explanation of Saybrook Plan, etc. and Mr. Hobart's attempt
etc. Reviewing R. Ross, Plain Address. Boston, 1767.
Hobart, Noah. An Attempt to Illustrate and Confirm the Ecclesiastical
Covenant of the Connecticut Churches,--occasioned by a late
Explanation of the Saybrook Platform. New Haven, 1765.
Holly, Israel. A Plea in Zion's Behalf: The Censured Memorial made
Public ... to which is added a few Brief Remarks upon ... an Act for
Exempting ... Separatists from Taxes, etc. 1765.
Quoted by Rev. E. H. Glllett, Hist. Mag., 2d series, vol. iv.
Huntington, R. (Editor). Review of the Ecclesiastical Establishments
of Europe (by William Graham). 1808.
Special reference to the bearing of the book on the Connecticut
Establishment, and particularly upon its Parish System.
Judd, William. Address to the People of the State of Connecticut, on
the removal of himself and four other Justices from Office.... New
Haven, 1804.
Leland, John. A Blow at the Root. Being a fashionable Fast-Day
Sermon. New London, 1801.
----The Connecticut Dissenters' Strong Box: No. I. Containing, The
High-flying Churchman stript of his legal Robe appears a Yaho. New
London, 1802.
----Van Tromp lowering his Peak with a Broadside: Containing a plea for
the Baptists of Connecticut. Danbury, 1803.
----The Rights of Conscience inalienable; ... Or, The high-flying
Churchman, stript of his legal Robe, appears a Yaho.
See The Connecticut Dissenters' Strong Box.
Martin-Mar-Prelate Tracts. See H. M. Dexter's Congregationalism as
seen in Literature, Lecture iii, pp. 131-205.
Norton, John. The Heart of New England rent at the Blasphemies of the
Present Generation. Or a brief Tractate concerning the Doctrine of the
Quakers etc. Cambridge, New England, 1659.
Paine, Solomon. A Short View of the Difference between the Church of
Christ, and the established Churches in the Colony of Connecticut in
their Foundation and Practice with their Ends: being a Word of Warning
to several Ranks of Profession; and likewise Comfort to the Ministers
and Members of the Church of Christ. 1752.
Richards, George H. The Politics of Connecticut; by a Federal
Republican. New London, 1817.
Rogers, John. A Midnight Cry from the Temple of God to the Ten
Virgins. See F. M. Caulkins' History of New London, pp. 202-221.
----John Rogers, A Servant of Jesus Christ ... giving a Description of
True Shepherds of Christ's Flocks and also of the Anti-Christian
Ministry. 4th ed. Norwich, 1776.
----New London Prison.
See F. H. Gillett, Hist. Mag., 2d series, vol. iv.
Ross, Robert. Plain Address to the Quakers, Moravians, Separatists,
Separate Baptists, Rogerines, and other Enthusiasts on Immediate
Impulses and Revelations, etc. New Haven, 1752.
Stiles, Ezra. A Discourse on Christian Union. (Appendix containing a
list of New England Churches. A. D. 1760.) Boston, 1761.
Stoddard, Solomon. The Doctrine of Instituted Churches Explained and
Proved from the Word of God. 1700. Webster, Noah. A Rod for the
Fool's Back. New Haven, 1800.
Being a reply to Abraham Bishop.
Williams, Nathan. An Inquiry Concerning the Design and Importance of
Christian Baptism and Discipline. Hartford, 1792.
Wolcott, Roger. The New-English Congregational Churches are and always
have been Consociated Churches, and their Liberties greater and better
founded, in their Platform of Church Discipline agreed to at
Cambridge, 1648, than what is contained at Saybrook, 1705,
etc. Boston, 1761.
FOOTNOTES:
[a] This is the edition referred to in text.
Back to Full Books
|