The Diary of Samuel Pepys
by
Samuel Pepys

Part 5 out of 18



1661, and knighted the following year. Master of the Faculty
Office, and Court of Requests. Ob. 1679.] to speak about my
assessment of 42l. to the Loyal Sufferers; which, I perceive, I
cannot help; but he tells me I have been abused by Sir R. Ford.
Thence called at the Major-General's, Sir R. Browne, about my
being assessed armes to the militia; but he was abroad.

16th. To dinner, thinking to have had Mr. Coventry, but he could
not go with me; and so I took Captn. Murford. Of whom I do hear
what the world says of me; that all do conclude Mr. Coventry, and
Pett, and me, to be of a knot; and that we do now carry all
things before us: and much more in particular of me, and my
studiousnesse, &c. to my great content. To White Hall to
Secretary Bennet's, and agreed with Mr. Lee to set upon our new
adventure at the Tower to-morrow.

17th. This morning come Mr. Lee, Wade, and Evett, intending to
have gone upon our new design to the Tower; but it raining, and
the work being to be done in the open garden, we put it off to
Friday next.

19th. Up and by appointment with Mr. Lee, Wade, Evett, and
workmen to the Tower, and with the Lieutenant's leave set them to
work in the garden, in the corner against the mayne-guard, a most
unlikely place. It being cold, Mr. Lee and I did sit all the day
till three o'clock by the fire in the Governor's house; I reading
a play of Fletcher's, being "A Wife for a Month," wherein no
great wit or language. We went to them at work, and having
wrought below the bottom of the foundation of the wall, I bid
them give over, and so all our hopes ended.

20th. To the office, and thence with Mr. Coventry in his coach
to St. James's, with great content and pride to see him treat me
so friendly; and dined with him, and so to White Hall together;
where we met upon the Tangier Commission, and discoursed many
things thereon: but little will be done before my Lord
Rutherford comes there, as to the fortification and Mole. That
done, my Lord Sandwich and I walked together a good while in the
matted gallery, he acquainting me with his late enquiries into
the Wardrobe business to his content; and tells me how things
stand. And that the first year was worth about 3000l. to him, and
the next about as much: so that at this day, if he were paid, it
will be worth about 7000l. to him.

21st. To White Hall, and there to chapel, and from thence up
stairs, and up and down the house and gallerys on the King's and
Queen's side, and so through the garden to my Lord's lodgings,
where there was Mr. Gibbons, Madge, Mallard, and Pagett; and by
and by comes in my Lord Sandwich, and so we had great store of
good musique. By and by comes in my simple Lord Chandois,
[William, seventh Lord Chandos. Ob.1676.] who (my Lord Sandwich
being gone-out to Court) began to sing psalms, but so dully that
I was weary of it.

22nd. I walked to Mr. Coventry's chamber, where I found him gone
out into the Parke with the Duke, so I shifted myself into a
riding-habitt, and followed him through White Hall, and in the
Parke Mr. Coventry's people having a horse ready for me (so fine
a one that I was almost afraid to get upon him, but I did, and
found myself more feared than hurt) and followed the Duke, who,
with some of his people (among others Mr. Coventry) was riding
out. And with them to Hide Parke. Where Mr. Coventry asking
leave of the Duke, he bids us go to Woolwich. So he and I to the
water-side, and our horses coming by the ferry, we by oars over
to Lambeth, and from thence, with brave discourse by the way,
rode to Woolwich, where we put in practice my new way of the
Call-booke, which will be of great use.

23rd. Dr. Pierce tells me that my Lady Castlemaine's interest at
Court increases, and is more and greater than the Queene's; that
she hath brought in, Sir H. Bennet, and Sir Charles Barkeley; but
that the Queene is a most good lady, and takes all with the
greatest meekness that may be. He tells me, also, that Mr.
Edward Montagu is quite broke at Court with his repute and purse;
and that he lately was engaged in a quarrell against my Lord
Chesterfield: but that the King did cause it to be taken up. He
tells me, too, that the King is much concerned in the
Chancellor's sickness, and that the Chancellor is as great, he
thinks, as ever with the King. He also tells me what the world
says of me, "that Mr. Coventry and I do all the business of the
office almost:" at which I am highly proud.

24th. To my bookseller's, and paid at another shop 4l. 10s. for
Stephens's Thesaurus Graecae Linguae, given to Paul's Schoole.
To my Lord Crewe's, and dined alone with him. I understand there
are great factions at Court, and something he said that did imply
a difference like to be between the King and the Duke, in case
the Queene should not be with child. I understand, about this
bastard. He says, also, that some great man will be aimed at
when Parliament comes to sit again; I understand, the Chancellor:
and that there is a bill will be brought in, that none that have
been in armes for the Parliament shall be capable of office. And
that the Court are weary of my Lord Albemarle and Chamberlin.
[Edward Earl of Manchester.] He wishes that my Lord Sandwich had
some good occasion to be abroad this summer which is coming on,
and that my Lord Hinchingbroke were well married, and Sydney
[Lord Sandwich's second son.] had some place at Court. He pities
the poor ministers that are put out, to whom, he says, the King
is beholden for his coming in, and that if any such thing had
been foreseen he had never come in. Met Mr. Creed at my
bookseller's in Paul's Church-yard, who takes it ill my letter
last night to Mr. Povy, wherein I accuse him of the neglect; of
the Tangier boats, in which I must confess I did not do
altogether like a friend; but however it was truth, and I must
owne it to be so though I fall wholly out with him for it.

25th. (Christmas-day.) Had a pleasant walk to White Hall, where
I Intended to have received the communion with the family, but I
come a little too late. So I walked up into the house and spent
my time looking over pictures, particularly the ships in King
Henry the VIIIth's Voyage to Bullaen [Boulogne] marking the great
difference between those built then and now. By and by down to
the chapel again, where Bishop Morley [George Morley, Bishop of
Winchester, to which See he was translated from Worcester, in
1662. Ob. 1684.] preached upon the song of the angels, "Glory
to God on high, on earth peace, and good will towards men."
Methought he made but a poor sermon, but long, and reprehending
the common jollity of the Court for the true joy that shall and
ought to be on these days. Particularized concerning their
excess in playes and gaming, saying that he whose office it is to
keep the gamesters in order and within bounds, serves but for a
second rather in a duell, meaning the groome-porter. Upon which
it was worth observing how far they are come from taking the
reprehensions of a bishop seriously, that they all laugh in the
chapel when he reflected on their ill actions and courses. He
did much press us to joy in these publick days of joy, and to
hospitality. But one that stood by whispered in my eare that the
Bishop do not spend one groate to the poor himself. The sermon
done, a good anthem followed with vialls, and the King come down
to receive the Sacrament.

26th. To the Wardrobe. Hither come Mr. Battersby; and we
falling into discourse of a new book of drollery in use, called
Hudebras, I would needs go find it out, and met with it at the
Temple: cost me 2s. 6d. But when I come to read it, it is so
silly an abuse of the Presbyter Knight going to the warrs, that I
am ashamed of it; and by and by meeting at Mr. Townsend's at
dinner, I sold it to him for 18d.

27th. With my wife to the Duke's Theatre, and saw the second
part of "Rhodes," ["The Siege of Rhodes," a tragi-comedy, in two
parts, by Sir Wm. Davenant.] done with the new Roxalana; [An
actress whose name is unknown, but she had been seduced by the
Earl of Oxford, and had recently quitted the stage. For her
history, VIDE "MEMOIRES DE GRAMMONT."] which do it rather
better in all respects for person, voice, and judgment, than the
first Roxalana.

29th. To Westminster Hall, where I staid reading at Mrs.
Mitchell's shop. She told me what I heard not of before, the
strange burning of Mr. De Laun, a merchant's house in Lothbury,
and his lady (Sir Thomas Allen's daughter [Sir Thomas Alleyne,
Lord Mayor of London. 1660.]) and her whole family; not one
thing; dog nor cat, escaping; nor any of the neighbours almost
hearing of it till the house was quite down and burnt. How this
should come to passe, God knows, but a most strange thing it is!
Hither come Jack Spicer, and talked of Exchequer matters, and how
the Lord Treasurer hath now ordered all monies to be brought into
the Exchequer, and hath settled the King's revenues, and given to
every general expence proper assignments; to the Navy 200,000l.
and odde. He also told me of the great vast trade of the
goldsmiths in supplying the King with money at dear rates.
Thence to White Hall, and got up to the top gallerys in the
Banquetting House, to see the audience of the Russia Embassador;
which took place after our long waiting and fear of the falling
of the gallery (it being so full and part of it being parted from
the rest, for nobody to come up merely from the weaknesse
thereof:) and very handsome it was. After they had come in, I
went down and got through the croude almost as high as the King
and the Embassadors, where I saw all the presents, being rich
furs, hawkes, carpets, cloths of tissue, and sea-horse teeth.
The King took two or three hawkes upon his fist, having a glove
on wrought with gold, given him for the purpose. The son of one
of the Embassadors was in the richest suit for pearl and tissue,
that ever I did see, or shall, I believe. After they and all the
company had kissed the King's hand, then the three Embassadors
and the son, and no more, did kiss the Queene's. One thing more
I did observe, that the chief Embassador did carry up his
master's letters in state before him on high; and as soon as he
had delivered them, he did fall down to the ground and lay there
a great while. After all was done, the company broke up; and I
spent a little while walking up and down the gallery seeing the
ladies, the two Queenes, and the Duke of Monmouth with his little
mistress, [Lady Anne Scot.] which is very little, and like my
brother-in-law's wife.

30th. Visited Mrs. Ferrer, and staid talking with her a good
while, there being a little, proud, ugly, talking lady there,
that was much crying up the Queene-Mother's Court at Somerset
House above our own Queene's; there being before her no allowance
of laughing and the mirth that is at the other's; and indeed it
is observed that the greatest Court now-a-days is there. Thence
to White Hall, where I carried my wife to see the Queene in her
presence-chamber; and the maydes of honour and the young Duke of
Monmouth playing at cards. Some of them, and but a few, were
very pretty; though all well dressed in velvet gowns.

31st. Mr. Povy and I to White Hall; he taking me thither on
purpose to carry me into the ball this night before the King. He
brought me first to the Duke's chamber, where I saw him and the
Duchesse at supper; and thence into the room where the ball was
to be, crammed with fine ladies, the greatest of the Court. By
and by comes the King and Queene, the Duke and Duchesse, and all
the great ones: and after seating themselves, the King takes out
the Duchesse of York; and the Duke, the Duchesse of Buckingham;
the Duke of Monmouth, my Lady Castlemaine; and so other lords
other ladies: and they danced the Brantle. [Branle. Espece de
danse de plusieurs personnes qui se tiennent par la main, et qui
se menent tour-a-tour.--DICTIONNAIRE DE L'ACADEMIE.] After that,
the King led a lady a single Coranto; and then the rest of the
lords, one after another, other ladies: very noble it was, and
great pleasure to see. Then to country dances; the King leading
the first, which he called for; which was, says he, "Cuckolds all
awry," the old dance of England. Of the ladies that danced, the
Duke of Monmouth's mistress, and my Lady Castlemaine, and a
daughter of Sir Harry de Vicke's, were the best. [Sir Henry de
Vic of Guernsey, Bart., had been twenty years Resident for
Charles II. at Brussels, and was Chancellor of the Order of the
Garter. He died 1672, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. His
only daughter, Anne Charlotte, married John Lord Fresheville,
Baron of Stavely.] The manner was, when the King dances, all the
ladies in the room, and the Queene herself, stand up: and indeed
he dances rarely, and much better than the Duke of York. Having
staid here as long as I thought fit, to my infinite content, it
being the greatest pleasure I could wish now to see at Court, I
went home, leaving them dancing.

Thus ends this year with great mirth to me and my wife. Our
condition being thus:--we are at present spending a night or two
at my Lord's lodgings at White Hall. Our home at the Navy-
office, which is and hath a pretty while been in good condition,
finished and made very convenient. By my last year's diligence
in my office, blessed be God! I am come to a good degree of
knowledge therein; and am acknowledged so by all the world, even
the Duke himself to whom I have a good accesse: and by that, and
by my being Commissioner for Tangier, he takes much notice of me;
and I doubt not but, by the continuance of the same endeavours, I
shall in a little time come to be a man much taken notice of in
the world, specially being come to so great an esteem with Mr.
Coventry. Publick matters stand thus: The King is bringing, as
is said, his family, and Navy, and all other his charges, to a
less expence. In the mean time, himself following his pleasures
more than with good advice he would do; at least, to be seen to
all the world to do so. His dalliance with my Lady Castlemaine
being publick, every day, to his great reproach; and his
favouring of none at Court so much as those that are the
confidants of his pleasure, as Sir H. Bennet and Sir Charles
Barkeley; which, good God! put it into his heart to mend, before
he makes himself too much contemned by his people for it! The
Duke of Monmouth is in so great splendour at Court, and so
dandled by the King, that some doubt, that, if the King should
have no child by the Queene (which there is yet no appearance
of), whether he would not be acknowledged for a lawful son; and
that there will be a difference follow between the Duke of York
and him; which God prevent! My Lord Chancellor is threatened by
people to be questioned, the next sitting of the Parliament, by
some spirits that do not love to see him so great: but certainly
he is a good servant to the King. The Queene-Mother is said to
keep too great a Court now; and her being married to my Lord St.
Alban's is commonly talked of; and that they had a daughter
between them in France, how true, God knows. The Bishops are
high, and go on without any diffidence in pressing uniformity;
and the Presbyters seem silent in it, and either conform or lay
down, though without doubt they expect a turn, and would be glad
these endeavours of the other Fanatiques would take effect; there
having been a plot lately found for which four have been
publickly tried at the Old Bayley and hanged. My Lord Sandwich
is still in good esteem, and now keeping his Christmas in the
country; and I in good esteem, I think, as any man can be, with
him. In fine, for the good condition of myself, wife, family,
and estate, in the great degree that it is, and for the public
state of the nation, so quiet as it is, the Lord God be praised!

1662-63, JANUARY 1. Among other discourse, Mrs. Sarah tells us
how the King sups at least four times every week with my Lady
Castlemaine; and most often stays till the morning with her, and
goes home through the garden all alone privately, and that so as
the very centrys take notice of it and speak of it. She tells
me, that about a month ago she quickened at my Lord Gerard's
[Charles Lord Gerard of Brandon, Gentleman of the Bedchamber to
Charles II and Captain of his Guards; created Earl of
Macclesfield 1679, and died about 1693. His wife, mentioned
afterwards, was a French lady, whose name has not been
preserved.] at dinner, and cried out that she was undone; and
all the lords and men were fain to quit the room, and women
called to help her.

5th. To the Duke, who himself told me that Sir J. Lawson was
come home to Portsmouth from the Streights with great renowne
among all men, and, I perceive, mightily esteemed at Court by
all. The Duke did not stay long in his chamber; but to the
King's chamber, whither by and by the Russia Embassadors come;
who, it seems, have a custom that they will not come to have any
treaty with our or any King's Commissioners, but they will
themselves see at the time the face of the King himself, be it
forty days one after another; and so they did to-day only go in
and see the King; and so out again to the Council-chamber. To
the Duke's closet, where Sir G. Carteret, Sir J. Minnes, Sir W.
Batten, Mr. Coventry, and myself attended him about the business
of the Navy; and after much discourse and pleasant talk he went
away. To the Cockpitt, where we saw "Claracilla," [A Tragi-
comedy by Thomas Killigrew.] a poor play, done by the King's
house; but neither the King nor Queene were there, but only the
Duke and Duchesse. Elborough (my old school-fellow at Paul's) do
tell me, and so do others, that Dr. Calamy is this day sent to
Newgate for preaching, Sunday was se'nnight without leave, though
he did it only to supply the place; otherwise the people must
have gone away without ever a sermon, they being disappointed of
a minister: but the Bishop of London will not take that as an
excuse. Dined at home; and there being the famous new play acted
the first time to-day, which is called "The Adventures of Five
Hours," at the Duke's house, being, they say, made or translated
by Colonel Tuke, [Sir George Tuke of Crossing Temple in Essex,
Mr. Evelyn's cousin. The play was taken from the original of the
Spanish poet Calderon.] I did long to see it; and so we went;
and though early, were forced to sit, almost out of sight, at the
end of one of the lower formes, so full was the house. And the
play, in one word, is the best, for the variety and the most
excellent continuance of the plot to the very end, that ever I
saw, or think ever shall.

12th. I found my Lord within, and he and I went out through the
garden towards the Duke's chamber, to sit upon the Tangier
matters; but a lady called to my Lord out of my Lady
Castlemaine's lodgings, telling him that the King was there and
would speak with him. My Lord could not tell me what to say at
the Committee to excuse his absence, but that he was with the
King; nor would suffer me to go into the Privy Garden, (which is
now a through-passage and common,) but bid me to go through some
other way, which I did; so that I see that he is a servant of the
King's pleasures too, as well as business.

19th. Singled out Mr. Coventry into the matted gallery, and
there I told him the complaints I meet every day about our
Treasurer's or his people's paying no money, but at the
goldsmith's shops, where they are forced to pay fifteen or twenty
sometimes per cent, for their money, which is a most horrid
shame, and that which must not be suffered. Nor is it likely
that the Treasurer (at least his people) will suffer Maynell the
Goldsmith to go away with 10,000l. per annum, as he do now get,
by making people pay after this manner for their money.

To my Lord Chancellor's, where the King was to meet my Lord
Treasurer and many great men, to settle the revenue of Tangier.
I staid talking awhile there, but the King not coming I walked to
my brother's. This day by Dr. Clarke I was told the occasion of
my Lord Chesterfield's going and taking his lady (my Lord
Ormond's daughter) from Court. It seems he not only hath been
long jealous of the Duke of York, but did find them two talking
together, though there were others in the room, and the lady by
all opinions a most good, virtuous woman. He the next day (of
which the Duke was warned by somebody that saw the passion my
Lord Chesterfield was in the night before,) went and told the
Duke how much he did apprehend himself wronged, in his picking
out his lady of the whole Court to be the subject of his
dishonor; which the Duke did answer with great calmnesse, not
seeming to understand the reason of complaint, and that was all
that passed: but my Lord did presently pack his lady into the
country in Derbyshire, near the Peake; which is become a proverb
at Court, to send a man's wife to the Peake when she vexes him.

23rd. Mr. Grant and I to a coffee-house, where Sir J. Cutler
was; [Citizen and Grocer, stigmatized by Pope for his avarice.]
and he did fully make out that the trade of England is as great
as ever it was, only in more hands; and that of all trades there
is a greater number than ever there was, by reason of men's
taking more 'prentices. His discourse was well worth hearing. I
bought "Audley's Way to be Rich," a serious pamphlett, and some
good things worth my minding.

25th. I understand the King of France is upon consulting his
divines upon the old question, what the power of the Pope is?
and do intend to make war against him, unless he do right him for
the wrong his Embassador received; and banish the Cardinall
Imperiall, by which I understand is not meant the Cardinall
belonging or chosen by the Emperor, but the name of his family is
Imperiali. To my Lord, and I staid talking with him an hour
alone in his chamber, about sundry publick and private matters.
Among others, he wonders what the project should be of the Duke's
going down to Portsmouth again now with his Lady, at this time of
the year: it being no way, we think, to increase his popularity,
which is not great; nor yet safe to do it, for that reason, if it
would have any such effect. Captn. Ferrers tells me of my Lady
Caslemaine's and Sir Charles Barkeley being the great favourites
at Court, and growing every day more and more so; and that upon a
late dispute between my Lord Chesterfield, that is the Queene's
Lord Chamberlain, and Mr. Edward Montagu her Master of the Horse,
who should have the precedence in taking the Queene's upperhand
abroad out of the house, which Mr. Montagu challenges, it was
given to my Lord Chesterfield. So that I perceive he goes down
the wind in honor as well as every thing else, every day.

26th. I met with Monsieur Raby, who is lately come from France.
I had a great deal of very good discourse with him, concerning
the difference between the French and the Pope, and the occasion,
which he told me very particularly, and to my great content; and
of most of the chief affairs of France, which I did enquire: and
that the King is a most excellent Prince, doing all business
himself; and that it is true he hath a mistresse, Mademoiselle La
Valiere, one of the Princess Henriette's women, that he courts
for his pleasure every other day, but not so as to make him
neglect his publick affairs. He tells me how the King do carry
himself nobly to the relations of the dead Cardinall, [Cardinal
Mazarine.] and will not suffer one pasquill to come forth
against him; and that he acts by what directions he received from
him before his death.

30th. My manuscript is brought home handsomely bound, to my full
content; and now I think I have a better collection in reference
to the Navy, and shall have by the time I have filled it, than
any of my predecessors.

FEBRUARY 1, 1662-63. This day Creed and I walking in White Hall,
did see the King coming privately from my Lady Castlemaine's;
which is a poor thing for a Prince to do; and so I expressed my
sense of it to Creed in terms which I should not have done, but
that I believe he is trusty in that point.

2nd. With Sir J. Minnes and Sir W. Batten to the Duke; and after
discourse as usual with him in his closet, I went to my Lord's:
the King and the Duke being gone to chapel, it being a collar
day, Candlemas-day; where I staid with him until towards noon,
there being Jonas Moore [Jonas Moore, a most celebrated
mathematician, knighted by Charles II., and made Surveyor of the
Ordnance. Ob. 1679.] talking about some mathematical
businesses. With Mr. Coventry down to his chamber, where he did
tell me how he do make himself an interest by doing business
truly and justly, though he thwarts others greater than himself,
not striving to make himself friends by addresses; and by this he
thinks and observes he do live as contentedly, (now he finds
himself secured from fear of want,) and, take one time with
another, as void of fear or cares, or more, than they that (as
his own termes were) have quicker pleasures and sharper agonies
than he.

4th. To Paul's Schoole, it being opposition-day there. I heard
some of their speeches, and they were just as schoolboys' used to
be, of the seven liberal sciences; but I think not so good as
ours were in our time. Thence to Bow Church, to the Court; of
Arches, where a judge sits, and his proctors about him in their
habits, and their pleadings all in Latin. Here I was sworn to
give a true answer to my uncle's libells. And back again to
Paul's Schoole, and went up to see the head forms posed in Latin,
Greek, and Hebrew. Dr. Wilkins and Outram were examiners. [John
Wilkins, D.D., afterwards Bishop of Chester. William Outram,
D.D., Prebendary of Westminster. Ob. 1679; one of the ablest and
best of the Conformists, and eminent for his piety and charity,
and an excellent preacher.]

6th. To Lincoln's Inn Fields; and it being too soon to go to
dinner, I walked up and down, and looked upon the outside of the
new theatre building in Covent Garden, which will be very fine.
And so to a bookseller's in the Strand, and there bought Hudibras
again, it being certainly some ill humour to be so against that
which all the world cries up to be the example of wit; for which
I am resolved once more to read him, and see whether I can find
it or no.

7th, To White Hall to chapel, where there preached little Dr.
Duport, [James Duport, D.D., Dean of Peterborough 1664, and
Master of Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1668. Ob. 1679.] of
Cambridge, upon Josiah's words,--"But I and my house, we will
serve the Lord." Thence with Mr. Creed to the King's Head
ordinary. After dinner Sir Thomas Willis [Sir Thomas Willis,
Bart., Ob. Nov. 1705, aged 90, and was buried at Ditton, in
Cambridgeshire, where he possessed some property. In 1679, he
had been put out of the Commission of the Peace for that County,
for concurring with the Fanatic party in opposing the Court.
COLE'S MSS.] and another stranger, and Creed and I fell a-
talking; they of the errours and corruption of the Navy, and
great expence thereof, not knowing who I was, which at last I did
undertake to confute, and disabuse them: and they took it very
well, and I hope it was to good purpose, they being Parliament-
men. Creed and I and Captn. Ferrers to the Parke, and there
walked finely, seeing people slide, we talking all the while; and
Captn. Ferrers telling me, among other Court passages, how about
a month ago, at a ball at Court, a child was dropped by one of
the ladies in dancing, but nobody knew who, it being taken up by
somebody in their handkercher. The next morning all the Ladies
of Honour appeared early at Court for their vindication, so that
nobody could tell whose this mischance should be. But it seems
Mrs. Wells [Maid of Honour to the Queen, and one of Charles II.'s
numerous mistresses. Vide "MEMOIRES DE GRAMMONT."] fell sick
that afternoon, and hath disappeared ever since, so that it is
concluded it was her. The little Duke of Monmouth, it seems, is
ordered to take place of all Dukes, and so do follow Prince
Rupert now, before the Duke of Buckingham, or any else.

13th. To my office, where late upon business; Mr. Bland sitting
with me, talking of my Lord Windsor's being come home from
Jamaica, unlooked for; which makes us think that these young
Lords are not fit to do any service abroad, though it is said
that he could not have his health there, but hath raced a fort of
the King of Spain upon Cuba, which is considerable, or said to be
so, for his honour.

16th. To Westminster Hall, and there find great expectation what
the Parliament will do, when they come two days hence to sit
again, in matters of religion. The great question is, whether
the Presbyters will be contented to let the Papists have the same
liberty of conscience with them, or no, or rather be denied it
themselves: and the Papists, I hear, are very busy in designing
how to make the Presbyters consent to take their liberty, and to
let them have the same with them, which some are apt to think
they will. It seems a priest was taken in his vests officiating
somewhere in Holborne the other day, and was committed by
Secretary Morris according to law; and they say the Bishop of
London did give him thanks for it.

17th. To my Lord Sandwich, whom I found at cards with Pickering;
but he made an end soon: and so all alone, he told me he had a
great secret to tell me, such as no flesh knew but himself, nor
ought; which was this:--that yesterday morning Eschar, Mr. Edward
Montagu's man, did come to him from his master with some of the
Clerkes of the Exchequer, for my Lord to sign to their books for
the Embassy money; which my Lord very civilly desired not to do
till he had spoke with his master himself. In the afternoon, my
Lord and my Lady Wright being at cards in his chamber, in comes
Mr. Montagu; and desiring to speak with my Lord at the window in
his chamber, he began to charge my Lord with the greatest
ingratitude in the world: that he that had received his earldom,
garter, 4000l. per annum, and whatever he has in the world, from
him, should now study him all the dishonour that he could: and
so fell to tell my Lord, that if he should speak all that he knew
of him, he could do so and so. In a word, he did rip up all
that, could be said they was unworthy, and in the basest terms
they could be spoken in. To which my Lord answered with great
temper, justifying himself, but endeavouring to lessen his heat,
which was a strange temper in him, knowing that he did owe all he
hath in the world to my Lord, and that he is now all that he is
by his means and favour. But my Lord did forbear to increase the
quarrel, knowing that it would be to no good purpose for the
world to see a difference in the family; but did allay them so as
that he fell to weeping. And after much talk (among other things
Mr. Montagu telling him that there was a fellow in the towne,
naming me, that had done ill offices, and that if he knew it to
be so, he would have him cudgelled) my Lord did promise him,
that, if upon account he saw that there was not many tradesmen
unpaid, he would sign the books; but if there was, he could not
bear with taking too great a debt upon him. So this day he sent
him an account, and a letter assuring him there was not above
200l. unpaid; and so my Lord did sign to the Exchequer books.
Upon the whole, I understand fully what a rogue he is, and how my
Lord do think and will think of him for the future; telling me
that thus he has served his father my Lord Manchester, and his
whole family, and now himself: and, which is worst, that he hath
abused, and in speeches every day do abuse my Lord Chancellor,
whose favour he hath lost; and hath no friend but Sir H. Bennet,
and that (I knowing the rise of his friendship) only from the
likeness of their pleasures, and acquaintance, and concealments,
they have in the same matters of lust and baseness; for which,
God forgive them! But he do flatter himself, from promises of
Sir H. Bennet, that he shall have a pension of 2000l. per annum,
and be made an Earl. My Lord told me he expected a challenge
from him, but told me there was no great fear of him, for there
was no man lies under such an imputation as he do in the business
of Mr. Cholmly, who, though a simple sorry fellow, do brave him
and struts before him with the Queene, to the sport and
observation of the whole Court. Mr. Pickering tells me the story
is very true of a child being dropped at the ball at Court; and
that the King had it in his closet a week after, and did dissect
it; and making great sport of it, said that in his opinion it
must have been a month and three houres old; and that, whatever
others think, he hath the greatest loss, (it being a boy, as he
says,) that hath lost a subject by the business. He tells me
too, that Sir H. Bennet is a Catholique, and how all the Court
almost is changed to the worse since his coming in, they being
affraid of him. And that the Queene-Mother's Court is now the
greatest of all; and that our own Queene hath little or no
company come to her, which I know also to be very true, and am
sorry to see it.

18th. Mr. Hater and I alone at the office, finishing our account
of the extra charge of the Navy, not properly belonging to the
Navy, since the King's coming in to Christmas last; and all extra
things being abated, I find that the true charge of the Navy to
that time hath been after the rate of 374,743l. a year. I made
an end by eleven o'clock at night. This day the Parliament met
again, after their long prorogation; but I know not any thing
what they have done, being within doors all day.

19th. This day I read the King's speech to the Parliament
yesterday; which is very short, and not very obliging; but only
telling them his desire to have a power of indulging tender
consciences, and that he will yield to have any mixture in the
uniformity of the Church's discipline; and says the same for the
Papists, but declares against their ever being admitted to have
any offices or places of trust in the kingdom; but, God knows,
too many have.

21st. To the office, where Sir J. Minnes (most of the rest being
at the Parliament-house,) all the morning answering petitions and
other business. Towards noon there comes a man as if upon
ordinary business, and shows me a writ from the Exchequer, called
a Commission of Rebellion, and tells me that I am his prisoner in
Field's business; which methought did strike me to the heart, to
think that we could not sit in the middle of the King's business.
I told him how and where we were employed, and bid him have a
care; and perceiving that we were busy, he said he would, and did
withdraw for an houre: in which time Sir J. Minnes took coach
and to Court, to see what he could do from thence; and our
solicitor against Field come by chance and told me that he would
go and satisfy the fees of the Court, and would end the business.
So he went away about that, and I staid in my closet, till by and
by the man and four more of his fellows come to know what I would
do; and I told them to stay till I heard from the King or my Lord
Chief Baron, to both whom I had now sent. With that they
consulted, and told me that if I would promise to stay in the
house, they would go and refresh themselves, and come again, and
know what answer I had: so they away, and I home to dinner.
Before I had dined, the bayleys come back again with the
constable, and at the office knock for me, but found me not
there: and I hearing in what manner they were come, did forbear
letting them know where I was; so they stood knocking and
enquiring for me. By and by at my parler-window comes Sir W.
Batten's Mungo, to tell me that his master and lady would have me
come to their house through Sir J. Minnes's lodgings, which I
could not do; but, however, by ladders, did get over the pale
between our yards and their house, where I found them (as they
have reason) to be much concerned for me, my lady, especially.
The fellows staid in the yard swearing with one or two
constables, and some time we locked them into the yard, and by
and by let them out again, and so kept them all the afternoon,
not letting them see me, or know where I was. One time I went up
to the top of Sir W. Batten's house, and out of one of their
windows spoke to my wife out of one of ours; which methought,
though I did it in mirth, yet I was sad to think what a sad thing
it would be for me to be really in that condition. By and by
comes Sir J. Minnes, who (like himself and all that he do) tells
us that he can do no good, but that my Lord Chancellor wonders
that; we did not cause the seamen to fall about their eares:
which we wished we could have done without our being seen in it;
and Captain Grove being there, he did give them some affront, and
would have got some seamen to have drubbed them, but he had not
time, nor did we think it fit to have done it, they having
executed their commission; but there was occasion given that he
did draw upon one of them who did complain that Grove had pricked
him in the breast, but no hurt done; but I see that Grove would
have done our business to them if we had bid him. By and by
comes Mr. Clerke, our sollicitor, who brings us a release from
our adverse atturney, we paying the fees of the commission, which
comes to five markes, and the charges of these fellows, which are
called the commissioners, but are the most rake-shamed rogues
that ever I saw in my life; so he showed them this release, and
they seemed satisfied, and went away with him to their atturney
to be paid by him. But before they went, Sir W. Batten and my
lady did begin to taunt them, but the rogues answered them as
high as themselves, and swore they would come again, and called
me rogue and rebel, and they would bring the sheriffe and untile
his house, before he should harbour a rebel in his house, and
that they would be here again shortly. Well, at last they went
away, and I by advice took occasion to go abroad, and walked
through the street to show myself among the neighbours, that they
might not think worse than the business is. I home to Sir W.
Batten's again, where Sir J. Lawson, Captain Allen, Spragge,
[Afterwards Sir Edward Spragg, a distinguished naval commander,
who perished in a boat, which was sunk during an action with Van
Tromp, in 1673, whilst he was preparing to hoist his flag on
board a third ship, having previously lost two in the
engagement.] and several others, and all our discourse about the
disgrace done to our office to be liable to this trouble, which
we must get removed. Hither comes Mr. Clerke by and by, and
tells me that he hath paid the fees of the Court for the
commission; but the men are not contented with under 5l. for
their charges, which he will not give them, and therefore advises
me not to stir abroad till Monday that he comes or sends to me
again, whereby I shall not be able to go to White Hall to the
Duke of York, as I ought. Here I staid vexing, and yet pleased
to see every body for me; and so home, where my people are
mightily surprised to see this business, but it troubles me not
very much, it being nothing touching my particular person or
estate. Sir W. Batten tells me that little is done yet in the
Parliament-house, but only this day it was moved and ordered that
all the members of the House do subscribe to the renouncing of
the Covenant, which it is thought will try some of them. There
is also a bill brought in for the wearing of nothing but cloth or
stuffs of our own manufacture, and is likely to be passed. Among
other talk this morning, my lady did speak concerning
Commissioner Pett's calling the present King bastard, and other
high words heretofore: and Sir W. Batten did tell us, that he
did give the Duke and Mr. Coventry an account of that and other
like matters in writing under oath, of which I was ashamed, and
for which I was sorry.

22nd (Lord's-day). Went not out all the morning; but after
dinner to Sir W. Batten's and Sir W. Pen's, where discoursing
much of yesterday's trouble and scandal; but that which troubled
me most was Sir J. Minnes coming from Court at night, and instead
of bringing great comfort from thence, (but I expected no better
from him,) he tells me that the Duke and Mr. Coventry make no
great matter of it.

23rd. Up by times; and not daring to go by land, did (Griffin
going along with me for fear,) slip to White Hall by water; where
to Mr. Coventry, and, as we used to do, to the Duke; the other of
my fellows being come. But we did nothing of our business, the
Duke being sent for to the King, that he could not stay to speak
with us. This morning come my Lord Windsor [Created Earl of
Plymouth, 6th December, 1682.] to kiss the Duke's hand, being
returned from Jamaica. He tells the Duke that from such a degree
of latitude going thither he began to be sick, and was never well
till his coming so far back again, and then presently begun to be
well. He told the Duke of their taking the fort of St. Jago,
upon Cuba, with his men; but upon the whole, I believe, that he
did matters like a young lord, and was weary of being upon
service out of his own country, where he might have pleasure.
For methought it was a shame to see him this very afternoon,
being the first day of his coming to town, to be at a playhouse.
To my Lord Sandwich: it was a great trouble to me (and I had
great apprehensions of it) that my Lord desired me to go to
Westminster Hall, to the Parliament-house door, about business;
and to Sir Wm. Wheeler, [M.P. for Queensborough.] which I told
him I would, but durst not go for fear of being taken by these
rogues; but was forced to go to White Hall and take boat, and so
land below the Tower at the Iron-gate, and so the back way over
Little Tower Hill; and with my cloak over my face, took one of
the watermen along with me, and staid behind our garden-wall,
while he went to see whether any body stood within the Merchants'
Gate. But there was nobody, and so I got safe into the garden,
and coming to open my office door, something behind it fell in
the opening, which made me start. So that God knows in what a
sad condition I should be if I were truly in debt: and therefore
ought to bless God that I have no such real reason, and to
endeavour to keep myself, by my good deportment and good
husbandry, out of any such condition. At home I find, by a note
that Mr. Clerke in my absence hath left here, that I am free; and
that he hath stopped all matters in Court; and I was very glad of
it. We took coach and to Court, and there saw "The Wilde
Gallant," [A Comedy by Dryden.] performed by the King's house,
but it was ill acted. The King did not seem pleased at all, the
whole play, nor any body else. My Lady Castlemaine was all worth
seeing to-night, and little Steward. [Frances, daughter of
Walter Stewart, son of Lord Blantyre, married Charles, fifth Duke
of Richmond, and died 1702.] Mrs. Wells do appear at Court
again, and looks well; so that, it may be, the late report of
laying the dropped child to her was not true. This day I was
told that my Lady Castlemaine hath all the King's Christmas
presents, made him by the peers, given to her, which is a most
abominable thing; and that at the great ball she was much richer
in jewells than the Queene and Duchesse put both together.

24th. Among other things, my Lord Sandwich tells me, that he
hears the Commons will not agree to the King's late declaration,
nor will yield that the Papists have any ground given them to
raise themselves up again in England, which I perceive by my Lord
was expected at Court.

25th. The Commons in Parliament, I hear, are very high to stand
to the Act of Uniformity, and will not indulge the Papists (which
is endeavoured by the Court Party,) nor the Presbyters.

26th. Sir W. Batten and I by water to the Parliament-house: he
went in, and I walked up and down the Hall. All the newes is the
great oddes yesterday in the votes between them that are for the
Indulgence to the Papists and Presbyters, and those that are
against it, which did carry it by 200 against 30. And pretty it
is to consider how the King would appear to be a stiff Protestant
and son of the Church; and yet willing to give a liberty to these
people, because of his promise at Breda. And yet all the world
do believe that the King would not have the liberty given them at
all.

27th. About 11 o'clock, Commissioner Pett and I walked to
Chyrurgeon's Hall, (we being all invited thither, and promised to
dine there;) where we were led into the Theatre: and by and by
comes the reader, Dr. Tearne, [Christopher Terne, of Leyden,
M.D., originally of Cambridge, and Fellow of the College of
Physicians. Ob. 1673.] with the Master and Company, In a very
handsome manner: and all being settled, he begun his lecture;
and his discourse being ended, we had a fine dinner and good
learned company, many Doctors of Phisique, and we used with
extraordinary great respect. Among other observables we drunk
the King's health out of a gilt cup given by King Henry VIII. to
this Company, with bells hanging at it, which every man is to
ring by shaking after he hath drunk up the whole cup. There is
also a very excellent piece of the King, done by Holbein, stands
up in the Hall, with the officers of the Company kneeling to him
to receive their Charter. Dr. Scarborough took some of his
friends, and I went with them, to see the body of a lusty fellow,
a seaman, that was hanged for a robbery. It seems one Dillon, of
a great family, was, after much endeavours to have saved him,
hanged with a silken halter this Sessions, (of his own
preparing,) not for honour only, but it being soft and sleek it
do slip close and kills, that is, strangles presently: whereas,
a stiff one do not come so close together, and so the party may
live the longer before killed. But all the Doctors at table
conclude, that there is no pain at all in hanging, for that it do
stop the circulation of the blood; and so stops all sense and
motion in an instant. To Sir W. Batten's to speak upon some
business, where I found Sir J. Minnes pretty well fuddled I
thought: he took me aside to tell me how being at my Lord
Chancellor's to-day, my Lord told him that there was a Great Seal
passing for Sir W. Pen, through the impossibility of the
Comptroller's duty to be performed by one man; to be as it were
joynt-comptroller with him, at which he is stark mad; and swears
he will give up his place. For my part, I do hope, when all is
done that my following my business will keep me secure against
all their envys. But to see how the old man do strut, and swear
that he understands all his duty as easily as crack a nut, and
easier, he told my Lord Chancellor, for his teeth are gone; and
that he understands it as well as any man in England; and that he
will never leave to record that he should be said to be unable to
do his duty alone; though, God knows, he cannot do it more than a
child.

28th. The House have this noon been with the King to give him
their reasons for refusing to grant any indulgence to Presbyters
or Papists; which he, with great content and seeming pleasure,
took, saying, that he doubted not but he and they should agree in
all things, though there may seem a difference in judgements, he
having writ and declared for an indulgence: and that he did
believe never prince was happier in a House of Commons, than he
was in them. At the Privy Seale I did see the docquet by which
Sir W. Pen is made the Comptroller's assistant, as Sir J. Minnes
told me last night.

MARCH 3, 1662-63. This afternoon Roger Pepys tells me, that for
certain the King is for all this very highly incensed at the
Parliament's late opposing the Indulgence; which I am sorry for,
and fear it will breed great discontent.

5th. To the Lobby, and spoke with my cousin Roger, who is going
to Cambridge to-morrow. In the Hall I do hear that the
Catholiques are in great hopes for all this, and do set hard upon
the King to get Indulgence. Matters, I hear, are all naught in
Ireland, and the people, that is the Papists, do cry out against
the Commissioners sent by the King; so that they say the English
interest will be lost there.

6th. This day it seems the House of Commons have been very high
against the Papists, being incensed by the stir which they make
for their having an Indulgence; which, without doubt, is a great
folly in them to be so hot upon at this time, when they see how
averse already the House have showed themselves from it. This
evening Mr. Povy tells me that my Lord Sandwich is this day so
ill that he is much afraid of him, which puts me to great pain,
not more for my own sake than for his poor family's.

7th. Creed told me how for some words of my Lady Gerard's,
against my Lady Castlemaine to the Queene, the King did the other
day apprehend her in going out to dance with her at a ball, when
she desired it as the ladies do, and is since forbid attending
the Queene by the King; which is much talked of, my Lord her
husband being a great favourite.

8th (Lord's day). To White Hall to-day; I heard Dr. King, Bishop
of Chichester, make a good and eloquent sermon upon these words,
"They that sow in tears, shall reap in joy." Whence (the chapel
in Lent being hung with black, and no anthem after sermon, as at
other times,) to my Lord Sandwich at Sir W. Wheeler's. I found
him out of order, thinking himself to be in a fit of ague. After
dinner up to my Lord, there being Mr. Rumball. My Lord, among
other discourse, did tell me of his great difficultys passed in
the business of the Sound, and of his receiving letters from the
King there, but his sending them by Whetstone was a great folly;
and the story how my Lord being at dinner with Sydney, [The
famous Algernon Sydney, one of the Ambassadors sent to Sweden and
Denmark by Richard Cromwell.] one of his fellow plenipotentiarys
and his mortal enemy, did see Whetstone, and put off his hat
three times to him, and the fellow would not be known, which my
Lord imputed to his coxcombly humour, (of which he was full) and
bid Sydney take notice of him too, when at the very time he had
letters [These letters are, in Thurloe's State Papers, vol. vii.
One was from the King the other from Chancellor Hyde.] in his
pocket from the King, as it proved afterwards. And Sydney
afterwards did find it out at Copenhagen, the Dutch Commissioners
telling him how my Lord Sandwich had desired one of their ships
to carry back Whetstone to Lubeck, he being come from Flanders
from the King. But I cannot but remember my Lord's equanimity in
all these affairs with admiration.

9th. About noon Sir J. Robinson, Lord Mayor, desiring way
through the garden from the Tower, called in at the office and
there invited me (and Sir W. Pen, who happened to be in the way)
to dinner, and we did go, and there had a great Lent dinner of
fish, little flesh. There dined with us to-day Mr. Slingsby of
the Mint, [Master of the Mint, frequently mentioned by Evelyn.]
who showed us all the new pieces both gold and silver (examples
of them all) that were made for the King, by Blondeau's way; and
compared them with those made for Oliver. The pictures of the
latter made by Symons, [Thomas Simon, an engraver of coins and
medals.] and of the King by one Rotyr, [There were three
brothers named Rotier, all Medallists; Philip intoduced the
likeness of Mrs. Stewart in the figure of Britannia.] a German;
I think, that dined with us also. He extolls those of Rotyr
above the others; and, indeed, I think they are the better,
because the sweeter of the two; but, upon my word, those of the
Protector are more like in my mind, than the King's, but both
very well worth seeing. The crownes of Cromwell are now sold,
it seems, for 25s. and 30s. a-piece.

16th. To the Duke where we met of course, and talked of our Navy
matters. Then to the Commission of Tangier, and there had my
Lord Peterborough's Commission read over; and Mr. Secretary
Bennet did make his querys upon it, in order to the drawing one
for my Lord Rutherford more regularly, that being a very
extravagant thing. Here long discoursing upon my Lord
Rutherford's despatch, and so broke up. Mr. Coventry and I
discoursed how the Treasurer doth intend to come to pay in
course, which is the thing of the world that will do the King the
greatest service in the Navy, and which joys my heart to hear of.
He tells me of the business of Sir J. Minnes, and Sir W. Pen;
which, he said, was chiefly to make Mr. Pett's being joyned with
Sir W. Batten to go down the better. And how he well sees that
neither one nor the other can do their duties without help.

17th. To St. Margaret's Hill in Southwark, where the Judge of
the Admiralty come, and the rest of the Doctors of the Civill
law, and some other Commissioners, whose Commission of Oyer and
Terminer was read, and then the charge, given by Dr. Exton, [Sir
Thomas Exton, Dean of the Arches and Judge of the Admiralty
Court.] which methought was somewhat dull, though he would seem
to intend it to be very rhetoricall, saying that Justice had two
wings, one of which spread itself over the land, and the other
over the water, which was this Admiralty Court. I perceive that
this Court is yet but in its infancy, (as to its rising again)
and their design and consultation was, I could overhear them, how
to proceed with the most solemnity, and spend time, there being
only two businesses to do, which of themselves could not spend
much time. Sir W. Batten and I to my Lord Mayor's, where we
found my Lord with Colonel Strangways [Giles Strangways, M.P. for
Dorsetshire.] and Sir Richard Floyd, [Probably Sir Richard
Lloyd., M.P. for Radnorshire.] Parliament-men, in the cellar
drinking, were we sat with them, and then up; and by and by come
in Sir Richard Ford. We had many discourses, but from all of
them I do find Sir R. Ford a very able man of his brains and
tongue, and a scholler. But my Lord Mayor a talking, bragging,
buffleheaded fellow, that would be thought to have led all the
City in the great business of bringing in the King, and that
nobody understood his plot, and the dark lanthorn he walked by;
but led them and plowed with them as oxen and asses (his own
words) to do what he had a mind: when in every discourse I
observe him to be as very a coxcombe as I could have thought had
been in the City. But he is resolved to do great matters in
pulling down the shops quite through the City, as he hath done in
many places, and will make a thorough passage quite through the
City, through Canning-street, which indeed will be very fine.
And then his precept, which he, in vain-glory, said he had drawn
up himself, and hath printed it, against coachmen and carmen
affronting of the gentry in the street; it is drawn so like a
fool, and some faults were openly found in it, that I believe he
will have so much wit as not to proceed upon it though it be
printed. Here we staid talking till eleven at night, Sir R. Ford
breaking to my Lord our business of our patent to be Justices of
the Peace in the City, which he stuck at mightily; but, however,
Sir R. Ford knows him to be a fool, and so in his discourse he
made him appear, and cajoled him into a consent to it: but so as
I believe when he comes to his right mind to-morrow he will be of
another opinion; and though Sir R. Ford moved it very weightily
and neatly, yet I had rather it had been spared now. But to see
how he rants, and pretends to sway all the City in the Court of
Aldermen, and says plainly that they cannot do, nor will he
suffer them to do, any thing but what he pleases; nor is there
any officer of the City but of his putting in; nor any man that
could have kept the City for the King thus well and long but him.
And if the country can be preserved, he will undertake that the
City shall not dare to stir again. When I am confident there is
no man almost in the City cares for him, nor hath he brains to
outwit any ordinary tradesman.

20th. Meeting with Mr. Kirton's kinsman in Paul's Church Yard,
he and I to a coffee-house; where I hear how there had like to
have been a surprizall of Dublin by some discontented
protestants, and other things of like nature; and it seems the
Commissioners have carried themselves so high for the Papists
that the others will not endure it. Hewlett and some others are
taken and clapped up; and they say the King hath sent over to
dissolve the Parliament there, who went very high against the
Commissioners. Pray God send all well!

21st. By appointment our full board met, and Sir Philip Warwick
and Sir Robert Long come from my Lord Treasurer to speak with us
about the state of the debts of the Navy; and how to settle it,
so as to begin upon the new foundation of 200,000l. per annum,
which the King is now resolved not to exceed.

22nd (Lord's day). Wrote out our bill for the Parliament about
our being made Justices of Peace in the City. So to church,
where a dull formall fellow that prayed for the right Hon. John
Lord Barkeley, Lord President of Connaught, &c. To my Lord
Sandwich, and with him talking a good while; I find the Court
would have this Indulgence go on, but the Parliament are against
it. Matters in Ireland are full of discontent.

29th. After dinner in comes Mr. Moore, and sat and talked with
us a good while; among other things, telling me that neither my
Lord nor he are under apprehensions of the late discourse in the
House of Commons, concerning resumption of Crowne lands.

APRIL 1st, 1663. I went to the Temple to my Cozen Roger Pepys,
to see and talk with him a little; who tells me that, with much
ado, the Parliament do agree to throw down Popery: but he says
it is with so much spite and passion, and an endeavour of
bringing all Non-conformists into the same condition, that he is
afraid matters will not yet go so well as he could wish.

2nd. Sir W. Pen told me, that this day the King hath sent to the
House his concurrence wholly with them against the Popish
priests, Jesuits, &c. which gives great content and I am glad of
it.

3rd. To the Tangier Committee, where we find ourselves at a
great stand; the establishment being but 7000l. per annum, and
the forces to be kept in the town at the least estimate that my
Lord Rutherford can be got to bring is 5300l. The charge of this
year's work of the Mole will be 13,000l.; besides 1000l. a-year
to my Lord Peterborough as a pension, and the fortifications and
contingencys, which puts us to a great stand. I find at Court
that there is some bad news from Ireland of an insurrection of
the Catholiques there, which puts them into an alarme. I hear
also in the City that for certain there is an embargo upon all
our ships in Spayne, upon this action of my Lord Windsor's at
Cuba, which signifies little or nothing, but only he hath a mind
to say that he hath done something before he comes back again.

4th. After dinner to Hide Parke; at the Parke was the King, and
in another coach my Lady Castlemaine, they greeting one another
at every turn.

8th. By water to White Hall, to chapel; where preached Dr.
Pierce, the famous man that preached the sermon so much cried up,
before the King against the Papists. His matter was the Devil
tempting our Saviour, being carried into the Wilderness by the
spirit. And he hath as much of natural eloquence as most men
that ever I heard in my life, mixed with so much learning. After
sermon I went up and saw the ceremony of the Bishop of
Peterborough's paying homage upon the knee to the King, while Sir
H. Bennet, Secretary, read the King's grant of the Bishopric of
Lincolne, to which he is translated. His name is Dr. Lany.
[Benjamin Lany, S. T. P., made Bishop of Peterborough 1660,
translated to Lincoln 1662-3, and to Ely 1667.] Here I also saw
the Duke of Monmouth, with his Order of the Garter, the first
time I ever saw it. I hear that the University of Cambridge did
treat him a little while since with all the honour possible, with
a comedy at Trinity College, and banquet; and made him Master of
Arts there. All which, they say, the King took very well. Dr.
Raynbow, Master of Magdalene, being now Vice-Chancellor. [Edward
Rainbow, chaplain to the King, and Dean of Peterborough, and in
1664 Bishop of Carlisle. Ob. 1684.]

12th. (Lord's day). Coming home to-night, a drunken boy was
carrying by our constable to our new pair of stocks to handsel
them.

14th. Sir G. Carteret tells me to-night that he perceives the
Parliament is likely to make a great bustle before they will give
the King any money; will call all things in question; and, above
all, the expences of the Navy; and do enquire into the King's
expences everywhere, and into the truth of the report of people
being forced to sell their bills at 15 per cent. losse in the
Navy; and, lastly, that they are in a very angry pettish mood at
present, and not likely to be better.

17th. It being Good Friday, our dinner was only sugar-sopps and
fish; the only time that we have had a Lenten dinner all this
Lent. To Paul's Church Yard, to cause the title of my English
"Mare Clausum" to be changed, and the new title dedicated to the
King, to be put to it, because I am ashamed to have the other
seen dedicated to the Commonwealth.

20th. With Sir G. Carteret and Sir John Minnes to my Lord
Treasurer's, thinking to have spoken about getting money for
paying the Yards; but we found him with some ladies at cards:
and so, it being a bad time to speak, we parted. This day the
little Duke of Monmouth was marryed at White Hall, in the King's
chamber; and to-night is a great supper and dancing at his
lodgings, near Charing-Cross. I observed his coate at the tail
of his coach: he gives the arms of England, Scotland, and
France, quartered upon some other fields, but what it is that
speaks his being a bastard I know not.

23th. I did hear that the Queene is much grieved of late at the
King's neglecting her, he having not supped once with her this
quarter of a year, and almost every night with my Lady
Castlemaine: who hath been with him this St. George's feast at
Windsor, and come home with him last night; and, which is more,
they say is removed as to her bed from her own home to a chamber
in White Hall, next to the King's owne; which I am sorry to hear,
though I love her much.

27th. By water to White Hall; but found the Duke of York gone to
St. James's for this summer; and thence with Mr. Coventry and Sir
W. Pen up to the Duke's closet. And a good while with him about
Navy business; and so I to White Hall, and there a long while
with my Lord Sandwich discoursing about his debt to the Navy,
wherein he hath given me some things to resolve him in.

The Queene (which I did not know,) it seems was at Windsor, at
the late St. George's feast there: and the Duke of Monmouth
dancing with her with his hat in his hand, the King came in and
kissed him, and made him put on his hat, which every body took
notice of.

28th. To Chelsey, where we found my Lord all alone with one
joynt of meat at dinner, and mightily extolling the manner of his
retirement, and the goodness of his diet: the mistress of the
house hath all things most excellently dressed; among others her
cakes admirable, and so good that my Lord's words were, they were
fit to present to my Lady Castlemaine. From ordinary discourse
my Lord fell to talk of other matters to me, of which chiefly the
second part of the fray, which he told me a little while since
of, between Mr. Edward Montagu and himself; that he hath forborn
coming to him almost two months, and do speak not only slightly
of my Lord every where, but hath complained to my Lord Chancellor
of him, and arrogated all that ever my Lord hath done to be only
by his direction and persuasion. Whether he hath done the like
to the King or no, my Lord knows not; but my Lord hath been with
the King since, and finds all things fair; and my Lord Chancellor
hath told him of it, but he so much contemns Mr. Montagu, as my
Lord knows himself very secure against any thing the fool can do;
and notwithstanding all this, so noble is his nature, that he
professes himself ready to show kindness and pity to Mr. Montagu
on any occasion. My Lord told me of his presenting Sir H. Bennet
with a, gold cup of 100l., which he refuses, with a compliment;
but my Lord would have been glad he had taken it, that be might
have had some obligations upon him which he thinks possible the
other may refuse to prevent it; not that he hath any reason to
doubt his kindness. But I perceive great differences there are
at Court: and Sir H. Bennet, and my Lord Bristol, and their
faction, are likely to carry all things before them, (which my
Lord's judgement is, will not be for the best,) and particularly
against the Chancellor, who, he tells me, is irrecoverably lost:
but, however, that he do so not actually joyne in any thing
against the Chancellor, whom he do own to be a most sure friend,
and to have been his greatest; and therefore will not; openly act
in either, but passively carry himself even. The Queene, my Lord
tells me, he thinks he hath incurred some displeasure with, for
his kindness to his neighbour my Lady Castlemaine. My Lord tells
me he hath no reason to fall for her sake, whose wit, management,
nor interest, is not likely to hold up any man, and therefore he
thinks it not his obligation to stand for her against his own
interest. The Duke and Mr. Coventry my Lord sees he is very well
with, and fears not but they will show themselves his very good
friends, specially at this time, he being able to serve them, and
they needing him, which he did not tell me wherein. Talking of
the business of Tangier, he tells me that my Lord Teviott is gone
away without the least respect paid to him, nor indeed to any
man, but without his commission; and (if it be true what he says)
having laid out seven or eight thousand pounds in commodities for
the place: and besides having not only disobliged all the
Commissioners for Tangier, but also Sir Charles Barkeley the
other day, who spoke in behalf of Colonel Fitz-Gerald, that
having been deputy-governor there already, he ought to have
expected and had the governorship upon the death or removal of
the former Governor and whereas it is said that he and his men
are Irish, which is indeed the main thing that hath moved the
King and Council to put in Teviott to prevent the Irish having
too great and the whole command there under Fitz-Gerald; he
further said that there was never an Englishman fit to command
Tangier; my Lord Teviott answered yes, there were many more fit
than himself or Fitz-Gerald either. So that Fitz-Gerald being so
great with the Duke of York, and being already made deputy-
governor, independent of my Lord Teviott, and he being also left
here behind him for a while, my Lord Sandwich do think, that,
putting all these things together, the few friends he hath left,
and the ill posture of his affairs, my Lord Teviott is not a man
of the conduct and management that either people take him to be,
or is fit for the command of the place. And here, speaking of
the Duke of York and Sir Charles Barkeley, my Lord tells me that
he do very much admire the good management, and discretion, and
nobleness of the Duke, that however he may be led by him or Mr.
Coventry singly in private, yet he did not observe that in public
matters but he did give as ready hearing, and as good acceptance
to any reasons offered by any other man against the opinions of
them, as he did to them, and would concur in the prosecution of
it. Then we come to discourse upon his own sea-accompts, and
come to a resolution how to proceed in them: wherein, though I
offered him a way of evading the greatest part of his debt
honestly, by making himself debtor to the Parliament before the
King's time, which he might justly do, yet he resolved to go
openly and nakedly in it, and put himself to the kindness of the
King and Duke, which humour, I must confess, and so did tell him
(with which he was not a little pleased) had thriven very well
with him, being known to be a man of candid and open dealing,
without any private tricks or hidden designs as other men
commonly have in what they do. From that we had discourse of Sir
G. Carteret, and of many others; and upon the whole I do find
that it is a troublesome thing for a man of any condition at
Court to carry himself even, and without contracting envy or
envyers; and that much discretion and dissimulation is necessary
to do it.

MAY 4, 1663. To St. James's; where Mr. Coventry, Sir W. Pen and
I staid for the Duke's coming in, but not coming, we walked to
White Hall; and meeting the King, we followed him into the Parke,
where Mr. Coventry and he talking of building a new yacht out of
his private purse, he having some contrivance of his own. The
talk being done, we fell off to White Hall, leaving the King in
the Park; and going back, met the Duke going towards St. James's
to meet us. So he turned back again, and to his closet at White
Hall; and there, my Lord Sandwich present, we did our weekly
errand, and so broke up; and I to the garden with my Lord
Sandwich, (after we had sat an hour at the Tangier Committee;)
and after talking largely of his own businesses, we began to talk
how matters are at Court: and though he did not flatly tell me
any such thing, yet I do suspect that all is not kind between the
King and the Duke, and that the King's fondness to the little
Duke do occasion it; and it may be that there is some fear of his
being made heire to the Crown. But this my Lord did not tell me,
but is my guess only; and that my Lord Chancellor is without
doubt falling past hopes.

5th. With Sir J. Minnes, he telling many old stories of the
Navy, and of the state of the Navy at the beginning of the late
troubles, and I am troubled at my heart to think, and shall
hereafter cease to wonder, at the bad success of the King's
cause, when such a knave as he (if it be true what he says) had
the whole management of the fleet, and the design of putting out
of my Lord Warwicke, [Henry Rich, Earl of Warwick and Holland;
beheaded for putting himself in arms to aid Charles I.] and
carrying the fleet to the King, wherein he failed most fatally to
the King's ruine.

6th. To the Exchange with Creed, where we met Sir J. Minnes, who
tells us, in great heat, that the Parliament will make mad work;
that they will render all men incapable of any military or civil
employment that have borne arms in the late troubles against the
King, excepting some persons; which, if it be so, as I hope it is
not, will give great cause of discontent, and I doubt will have
but bad effects.

Sir Thomas Crewe this day tells me that the Queene, hearing that
there was 40,000l. per annum brought into her account among the
other expences of the Crown before the Committee of Parliament,
she took order to let them know that she hath yet for the payment
of her whole family received but 4000l., which is a notable act
of spirit, and I believe is true.

7th. To my Lord Crewe's, and there dined with him. He tells me
of the order the House of Commons have made for the drawing an
Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in
the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and
Church; which will be fatal to a great many, and makes me doubt
lest I myself, with all my innocence during the late times,
should be brought in, being employed in the Exchequer; but, I
hope, God will provide for me.

10th. Put on a black cloth suit, with white lynings under all,
as the fashion is to wear, to appear under the breeches. I
walked to St. James's, and was there at masse, and was forced in
the croud to kneel down: and masse being done, to the King's
Head ordinary, where many Parliament-men; and most of their talk
was about the news from Scotland, that the Bishop of Galloway was
besieged in his house by some women, and had like to have been
outraged, but I know not how he was secured; which is bad news,
and looks as it did in the beginning of the late troubles. From
thence they talked of rebellion; and I perceive they make it
their great maxime to be sure to master the City of London,
whatever comes of it or from it.

11th. With Sir W. Pen to St. James's, where we attended the Duke
of York: and, among other things, Sir G. Carteret and I had a
great dispute about the different value of the pieces of eight
rated by Mr. Creed at 4s. and 5d., and by Pitts at 4s. and 9d.,
which was the greatest husbandry to the King? he proposing that
the greatest sum was; which is as ridiculous a piece of ignorance
as could be imagined. However, it is to be argued at the Board,
and reported to the Duke next week; which I shall do with
advantage, I hope. I went homeward, after a little discourse
with Mr. Pierce the surgeon, who tells me that my Lady
Castlemaine hath now got lodgings near the King's chamber at
Court; and that the other day Dr. Clarke and he did dissect two
bodies, a man and a woman, before the King, with which the King
was highly pleased.

14th. Met Mr. Moore; and with him to an ale-house in Holborne;
where in discourse he told me that he fears the King will be
tempted to endeavour the setting the Crown upon the little Duke,
which may cause troubles; which God forbid, unless it be his due!
He told me my Lord do begin to settle to business again; and that
the King did send for him the other day to my Lady Castlemaine's,
to play at cards, where he lost 50l.; for which I am sorry,
though he says my Lord was pleased at it, and said he would be
glad at any time to lose 50l. for the King to send for him to
play, which I do not so well like.

15th. I walked in the Parke, discoursing with the keeper of the
Pell Mell, who was sweeping of it; who told me of what the earth
is mixed that do floor the Mall, and that over all there is
cockle-shells powdered, and spread to keep it fast; which,
however, in dry weather, turns to dust and deads the ball.
Thence to Mr. Coventry; and sitting by his bedside, he did tell
me that he did send for me to discourse upon my Lord Sandwich's
allowances for his several pays, and what his thoughts are
concerning his demands; which he could not take the freedom to do
face to face, it being not so proper as by me: and did give me a
most friendly and ingenuous account of all; telling me how
unsafe, at this juncture, while every man's, and his actions
particularly, are descanted upon, it is either for him to put the
Duke upon doing, or my Lord himself to desire anything
extraordinary, 'specially the King having been so bountifull
already; which the world takes notice of even to some repinings.
All which he did desire me to discourse to my Lord of; which I
have undertaken to do. At noon by coach to my Lord Crewe's,
hearing that my Lord Sandwich dined there; where I told him what
had passed between Mr. Coventry and myself; with which he was
contented, though I could perceive not very well pleased. And I
do believe that my Lord do find some other things go against his
mind in the House; for in the motion made the other day in the
House by my Lord Bruce, that none be capable of employment but
such as have been loyal and constant to the King and Church, that
the General and my Lord were mentioned to be excepted; and my
Lord Bruce did come since to my Lord, to clear himself that he
meant nothing to his prejudice, nor could it have any such effect
if he did mean it. After discourse with my Lord, to dinner with
him; there dining there my Lord Montagu of Boughton, [Edward,
second Lord Montagu of Boughton, in 1664 succeeded his father,
who had been created a Baron by James I., and died 1684, leaving
a son afterwards Duke of Montagu.] Mr. William Montagu his
brother, the Queene's Sollicitor, &c., and a fine dinner. Their
talk about a ridiculous falling-out two days ago at my Lord of
Oxford's house, at an entertainment of his, there being there my
Lord of Albemarle, Lynsey, two of the Porters, my Lord Bellasses,
and others, where there were high words and some blows, and
pulling off of perriwiggs; till my Lord Monk took away some of
their swords, and sent for some soldiers to guard the house till
the fray was ended. To such a degree of madness the nobility of
this age is come! After dinner, I went up to Sir Thomas Crewe,
who lies there not very well in his head, being troubled with
vapours and fits of dizzinesse: and there I sat talking with him
all the afternoon upon the unhappy posture of things at this
time; that the King do mind nothing but pleasures, and hates the
very sight or thoughts of business. If any of the sober
counsellors give him good advice, and move him in any way that is
to his good and honour, the other part, which are his counsellors
of pleasure, take him when he is with my Lady Castlemaine, and in
a humour of delight, and then persuade him that he ought not to
hear or listen to the advice of those old dotards or counsellors
that were heretofore his enemies when, God knows! it is they
that now-a-days do most study his honour. It seems the present
favourites now are my Lord Bristol, Duke of Buckingham, Sir H.
Bennet, my Lord Ashley, and Sir Charles Barkeley; who, among
them, have cast my Lord Chancellor upon his back, past ever
getting up again: there being now little for him to do, and he
waits at Court; attending to speak to the King as others do:
which I pray God may prove of good effects, for it is feared it
will be the same with my Lord Treasurer shortly. But strange to
hear how my Lord Ashley, by my Lord Bristol's means, (he being
brought over to the Catholique party against the Bishops, whom he
hates to the death, and publicly rails against them; not that he
is become a Catholique, but merely opposes the Bishops; and yet,
for aught I hear, the Bishop of London keeps as great with the
King as ever,) is got into favour, so much that, being a man of
great business and yet of pleasure, and drolling too, he, it is
thought, will be made Lord Treasurer upon the death or removal of
the good old man. [The Earl of Southampton.] My Lord Albemarle,
I hear, do bear through and bustle among them, and will not be
removed from the King's good opinion and favour, though none of
the Cabinet; but yet he is envied enough. It is made very
doubtful whether the King do not intend the making of the Duke of
Monmouth legitimate; but surely the Commons of England will never
do it, nor the Duke of York suffer it, whose Lady I am told is
very troublesome to him by her jealousy. No care is observed to
be taken of the main chance, either for maintaining of trade or
opposing of factions, which, God knows, are ready to break out,
if any of them (which God forbid!) should dare to begin; the
King and every man about him minding so much their pleasures or
profits. My Lord Hinchingbroke, I am told, hath had a mischance
to kill his boy by his birding-piece going off as he was a
fowling. The gun was charged with small shot, and hit the boy in
the face and about the temples, and he lived four days. In
Scotland, it seems, for all the newsbooks tell us every week that
they are all so quiet, and every thing in the Church settled, the
old woman had liked to have killed, the other day, the Bishop of
Galloway, and not half the Churches of the whole kingdom conform.
Strange were the effects of the late thunder and lightning about
a week since at Northampton, coming with great rain, which caused
extraordinary floods in a few houres, bearing away bridges,
drowning horses, men, and cattle. Two men passing over a bridge
on horseback, the arches before and behind them were borne away,
and that left which they were upon: but, however, one of the
horses fell over, and was drowned. Stacks of faggots carried as
high as a steeple, and other dreadful things; which Sir Thomas
Crewe showed me letters to him about from Mr. Freemantle and
others, that it is very true. The Portugalls have choused us, it
seems, in the Island of Bombay, in the East Indys; for after a
great charge of our fleets being sent thither with full
commission from the King of Portugall to receive it, the
Governour by some pretence or other will not deliver it to Sir
Abraham Shipman, sent from the King, nor to my Lord of
Marlborough; [James Ley, third Earl of Marlborough, killed in the
great sea-fight with the Dutch, 1665.] which the King takes
highly ill, and I fear our Queene will fare the worse for it.
The Dutch decay there exceedingly, it being believed that their
people will revolt from them there, and they forced to give up
their trade. Sir Thomas showed me his picture and Sir Anthony
Vandyke's in crayon in little, done exceedingly well.

18th. I walked to White Hall, and into the Parke, seeing the
Queene and Maids of Honour passing through the house going to the
Parke. But above all, Mrs. Stuart is a fine woman, and they say
now a common mistress to the King, as my Lady Castlemaine is;
which is a great pity.

19th. With Sir John Minnes to the Tower; and by Mr. Slingsby,
and Mr. Howard, Controller of the Mint we were shown the method
of making this new money. That being done, the Controller would
have us dine with him and his company, the King giving them a
dinner every day. And very merry and good discourse upon the
business we have been upon. They now coyne between 16 and 24,000
pounds in a week. At dinner they did discourse very finely to us
of the probability that there is a vast deal of money hid in the
land, from this:--that in King Charles's time there was near ten
millions of money coyned, besides what was then in being of King
James's and Queene Elizabeth's, of which there is a good deal at
this day in being. Next, that there was but 750,000l. coyned of
the Harp and Crosse money, and of this there was 500,000l.
brought in upon its being called in. And from very good
arguments they find that there cannot be less of it in Ireland
and Scotland than 100,000l.; so that there is but 150,000l.
missing; and of that, suppose that there should be not above
50,000l. still remaining, either melted down, hid, or lost, or
hoarded up in England, there will then be but 100,000l. left to
be thought to have been transported. Now, if 750,000l. in twelve
years' time lost but a 100,000l. in danger of being transported,
then 10,000,000l. in thirty-five years' time will have lost but
3,888,880l. and odd pounds; and as there is 650,000l. remaining
after twelve years time in England, so after thirty-five years'
time, which was within this two years, there ought in proportion
to have resting 6,111,120l. or thereabouts, besides King James
and Queene Elizabeth's money. Now, that most of this must be hid
is evident, as they reckon, because of the dearth of money
immediately upon the calling in of the State's money, which was
500,000l. that come in; and then there was not any money to be
had in this City, which they say to their own observation and
knowledge was so. And therefore, though I can say nothing in it
myself, I do not dispute it.

23rd. To White Hall; where, in the Matted Gallery, Mr. Coventry
was, who told us how the Parliament have required of Sir G.
Carteret and him an account what money shall be necessary to be
settled upon the Navy for the ordinary charge, which they intend
to report 200,000l. per annum. And how to allott this we met;
this afternoon, and took their papers for our perusal, and so
parted.

24th. Meeting Mr. Lewis Phillips of Brampton, he and afterwards
others tell me that news come last night to Court, that the King
of France is sick of the spotted fever, and that they are struck
in again; and this afternoon my Lord Mandeville is gone from the
King to make him a visit which will be great news, and of great
import through Europe. By and by, in comes my Lord Sandwich: he
told me this day a vote hath passed that the King's grants of
land to my Lord Monk and him should be made good; which pleases
him very much. He also tells me that things do not go right in
the House with Mr. Coventry; I suppose he means in the business
of selling places; but I am sorry for it.

27th. With Pett to my Lord Ashley, Chancellor of the Exchequer;
where we met the auditors about settling the business of the
accounts of persons to whom money is due before the King's time
in the Navy, and the clearing of their imprests for what little
of their debts they have received. I find my Lord, as he is
reported, a very ready, quiet, and diligent person. Roger Pepys
tells me that the King hath sent to the Parliament to hasten to
make an end by midsummer, because of his going into the country;
so they have set upon four bills to dispatch: the first of which
is, he says, too devilish a severe act against conventicles; so
beyond all moderation, that he is afraid it will ruin all:
telling me that it is matter of the greatest grief to him in the
world, that he should be put upon this trust of being a
Parliament-man, because he says nothing is done, that he can see,
out of any truth and sincerity, but mere envy and design. Then
into the Great Garden up to the Banqueting House; and there by my
Lord's glass we drew in the species very pretty. [This word is
here used as an optical term, and signifies the image painted on
the retina of the eye, and the rays of light reflected from the
several points of the surface of objects.] Afterwards to nine-
pins, Creed and I playing against my Lord and Cooke.

28th. By water to the Royal Theatre; but that was so full they
told us we could have no room. And so to the Duke's house; and
there saw "Hamlett" done, giving us fresh reason never to think
enough of Betterton. Who should we see come upon the stage but
Gosnell, my wife's maid? but neither spoke, danced, nor sung;
which I was sorry for.

29th. This day is kept strictly as a holy-day, being the King's
Coronation. Creed and I abroad, and called at several churches;
and it is a wonder to see, and by that to guess the ill temper of
the City, at this time, either to religion in general, or to the
King, that in some churches there was hardly ten people, and
those poor people. To the Duke's house, and there saw "The
Slighted Mayde," [A comedy, by Sir Robert Stapylton.] wherein
Gosnell acted AEromena, a great part, and did it very well. Then
with Creed to see the German Princesse, [Mary Carleton, of whom
see more June 7 following; and April 15, 1664.] at the Gate-
house, at Westminster.

31st. This month the greatest news is, the height and heat that
the Parliament is in, in enquiring into the revenue, which
displeases the Court, and their backwardness to give the King any
money. Their enquiring into the selling of places do trouble a
great many; among the chief, my Lord Chancellor (against whom
particularly it is carried), and Mr. Coventry; for which I am
sorry. The King of France was given out to be poisoned and dead;
but it proves to be the meazles: and he is well, or likely to be
soon well again. I find myself growing in the esteem and credit
that I have in the office, and I hope falling to my business
again will confirm me in it.

JUNE 1, 1663. The Duke having been a-hunting to-day, and so
lately come home and gone to bed, we could not see him, and we
walked away. And I with Sir J. Minnes to the Strand May-pole;
and there light out of his coach, and walked to the New Theatre,
which, since the King's players are gone to the Royal one, is
this day begun to be employed by the fencers to play prizes at.
And here I come and saw the first prize I ever saw in my life:
and it was between one Mathews, who did beat at all weapons, and
one Westwicke, who was soundly cut several times both in the head
and legs, that he was all over blood: and other deadly blows
they did give and take in very good earnest, till Westwicke was
in a sad pickle. They fought at eight weapons, three boutes at
each weapon. This being upon a private quarrel, they did it in
good earnest; and I felt one of the swords, and found it to be
very little, if at all blunter on the edge, than the common
swords are. Strange to see what a deal of money is flung to them
both upon the stage between every boute. This day I hear at
Court of the great plot which was lately discovered in Ireland,
made among the Presbyters and others, designing to cry up the
Covenant, and to secure Dublin Castle and other places; and they
have debauched a good part of the army there, promising them
ready money. Some of the Parliament there, they say, are guilty,
and some withdrawn upon it; several persons taken, and among
others a son of Scott's, that was executed here for the King's
murder. What reason the King hath, I know not; but it seems he
is doubtfull of Scotland: and this afternoon, when I was there,
the Council was called extraordinary; and they were opening the
letter this last post's coming and going between Scotland and us
and other places. The King of France is well again.

2nd. To St. James's, to Mr. Coventry; where I had an hour's
private talk with him concerning his own condition, at present
being under the censure of the House, being concerned with others
in the Bill for selling of offices. He tells me, that though he
thinks himself to suffer much in his fame hereby, yet he values
nothing more of evil to hang over him; for that it is against no
statute, as is pretended, nor more than what his predecessors
time out of mind have taken; and that so soon as he found himself
to be in an errour, he did desire to have his fees set, which was
done; and since that time he hath not taken a token more. He
undertakes to prove, that he did never take a token of any
captain to get him employed in his life beforehand, or demanded
any thing: and for the other accusation, that the Cavaliers are
not employed, he looked over the list of them now in the service,
and of the twenty-seven that are employed, thirteen have been
heretofore always under the King; two neutralls, and the other
twelve men of great courage, and such as had either the King's
particular command or great recommendation to put them in, and
none by himself. Besides that, he sees it is not the King's nor
Duke's opinion that the whole party of the late officers should
be rendered desperate. And lastly, he confesses that the more of
the Cavaliers are put in, the less of discipline hath followed in
the fleet; and that, whenever there comes occasion, it must be
the old ones that must do any good. He tells me, that he cannot
guess whom all this should come from; but he suspects Sir G.
Carteret, as I also do, at least that he is pleased with it. But
he tells me that he will bring Sir G. Carteret to be the first
adviser and instructor of him what is to make his place of
benefit to him; telling him that Smith did make his place worth
5000l. and he believed 7000l. to him the first year; besides
something else greater than all this, which he forbore to tell
me. It seems one Sir Thomas Tomkins [M.P. for Weobly, and one of
the proposed Knights of the Royal Oak, for Herefordshire.] of
the House, that makes many mad motions, did bring it into the
House, saying that a letter was left at his lodgings, subscribed
by one Benson, (which is a feigned name, for there is no such in
the Navy,) telling how many places in the Navy have been sold.
And by another letter, left in the same manner since, nobody
appearing, he writes him that there is one Hughes and another
Butler (both rogues, that have for their roguery been turned out
of their places,) that will swear that Mr. Coventry did sell
their places and other things. I offered him my service, and
will with all my heart serve him; but he tells me he do not think
it convenient to meddle, or to any purpose. To Westminster Hall,
where I hear more of the plot from Ireland; which it seems hath
been hatching, and known to the Lord Lieutenant a great while,
and kept close till within three days that it should have taken
effect.

4th. In the Hall a good while; where I heard that this day the
Archbishop of Canterbury, Juxon, [William Juxon, made Bishop of
London 1633, translated to Canterbury, 1660.] a man well spoken
of by all for a good man, is dead; and the Bishop of London
[Gilbert Sheldon, who did succeed him.] is to have his seat.
The match between Sir J. Cutts [Of Childerley near Cambridge.]
and my Lady Jemimah, [Lady Jemimah Montagu, daughter to the Earl
of Sandwich.] he says, is likely to go on; for which I am glad.
In the Hall to-day Dr. Pierce tells me that the Queene begins to
be briske, and play like other ladies, and is quite another woman
from what she was. It may be, it may make the King like her the
better, and forsake his two mistresses my Lady Castlemaine and
Stewart. [Spelt indiscriminately in the MS Stuart, Steward, and
Stewart.]

6th. To York House, where the Russia Embassador do lie; and
there I saw his people go up and down louseing themselves: they
are all in a great hurry, being to be gone the beginning of next
week. But that that pleased me best, was the remains of the
noble soul of the late Duke of Buckingham appearing in his house,
in every place, in the door-cases and the windows. Sir John
Hebden, the Russia Resident, did tell me how he is vexed to see
things at Court ordered as they are by nobody that attends to
business, but every man himself or his pleasures. He cries up my
Lord Ashley to be almost the only man that he sees to look after
business; and with the ease and mastery, that he wonders at him.
He cries out against the King's dealing so much with goldsmiths,
and suffering himself to have his purse kept and commanded by
them. He tells me also with what exact care and order the States
of Holland's stores are kept in their Yards, and every thing
managed there by their builders with such husbandry as is not
imaginable; which I will endeavour to understand further.

7th. Mrs. Turner, who is often at Court, do tell me to-day that
for certain the Queene hath much changed her humour, and is
become very pleasant and sociable as any; and they say is with
child, or believed to be so. After church to Sir W. Batten's;
where my Lady Batten enveighed mightily against the German
Princesse, and I as high in the defence of her wit and spirit,
and glad that she is cleared at the sessions.

12th. To the Royal Theatre; and there saw "The Committee," ["The
Committee," a comedy, by Sir Robert Howard.] a merry but
indifferent play, only Lacey's part, an Irish footman, is beyond
imagination. Here I saw my Lord Falconbridge, [Thos. Bellasses
Viscount Falconberg, frequently called Falconbridge, married
Mary, third daughter of Oliver Cromwell. She died 1712.] and
his Lady, my Lady Mary Cromwell, who looks as well as I have
known her, and well clad: but when the House began to fill she
put on her vizard, and so kept it on all the play; which of late
is become a great fashion among the ladies, which hides their
whole face. So to the Exchange, to buy things with my wife;
among others, a vizard for herself.

13th. To the Royal Theatre; and in our way saw my Lady
Castlemaine, who, I fear, is not so handsome as I have taken her
for, and now she begins to decay something. This is my wife's
opinion also. Yesterday, upon conference with the King in the
Banqueting House, the Parliament did agree with much ado, it
being carried but by forty-two voices, that they would supply him
with a sum of money; but what and how is not yet known, but
expected to be done with great disputes the next week, But if
done at all, it is well.

15th. To the Trinity House; where, among others, I found my
Lords Sandwich and Craven, and my cousin Roger Pepys, and Sir Wm.
Wheeler. Both at and after dinner we had great discourses of the
nature and power-of spirits, and whether they can animate dead
bodies; in all which, as of the general appearance of spirits, my
Lord Sandwich is very scepticall. He says the greatest warrants
that ever he had to believe any, is the present appearing of the
Devil in Wiltshire, much of late talked of, who beats a drum up
and down. There are books of it, and, they say, very true; but
my Lord observes, that though he do answer to any tune that you
will play to him upon another drum, yet one time he tried to play
and could not; which makes him suspect the whole; and I think it
is a good argument. [Joseph Glanville published a Relation of
the famed disturbance at the house of Mr. Mompesson, at Tedworth,
Wilts, occasioned by the beating of an invisible drum every night
for a year. This story, which was believed at the time,
furnished the plot for Addison's play of "The Drummer, or the
Haunted House," In the "Mercurius Publicus," April 16-23, 1663
there is a curious examination on this subject, by which it
appears that one William Drury, of Uscut, Wilts, was the
invisible drummer.]

16th. Dined with Sir W. Batten; who tells me that the House have
voted the supply, intended for the King, shall be by subsidy.

17th. This day I met with Pierce the surgeon; who tells me that
the King has made peace between Mr. Edward Montagu and his father
Lord Montagu, and that all is well again; at which, for the
family's sake, I am glad, but do not think it will hold long.

19th. To Lambeth, expecting to have seen the archbishop lie in
state; but it seems he is not laid out yet. At the Privy Seale
Office examined the books, and found the grant of increase of
salary to the principall officers in the year 1639, 300l. among
the Controller, Surveyor, and Clerk to the Shippes. Met Captain
Ferrers; who tells us that the King of France is well again, and
that he saw him train his Guards, all brave men, at Paris; and
that when he goes to his mistress, Madame La Valiere, a pretty
little woman, now with child by him, he goes publicly, and his
trumpets and kettle-drums with him; and yet he says that, for all
this, the Queene do not know of it, for that nobody dares to tell
her; but that I dare not believe.

22nd. To Westminster, where all along I find the shops evening
with the sides of the houses, even in the broadest streets; which
will make the City very much better than it was. It seems the
House do consent to send to the King to desire that he would be
graciously pleased to let them know who it was that did inform
him of what words Sir Richard Temple [Sir Richard Temple, of
Stowe. Bart, M.P. for Buckingham and K.B. Ob. 1694.] should
say, which were to this purpose: "That if the King would side
with him, or be guided by him and his party, that he should not
lack money:" but without knowing who told it, they do not think
fit to call him to any account for it. The Duke being gone
a-hunting, by and by come in and shifted himself; he having in
his hunting led his horse through a river up to his breast, and
came so home: and being ready, we had a long discourse with him.

23rd. To the office; and after an hour or two, by water to the
Temple, to my cousen Roger; who, I perceive, is a deadly high man
in the Parliament business, and against the Court, showing me how
they have computed that the King hath spent, at least hath
received, above four millions of money since he come in: and in
Sir J. Winter's case, in which I spoke to him, he is so high that
he says he deserves to be hanged. To the 'Change; and by and by
comes the King and the Queene by in great state, and the streets
full of people. I stood in Mr. --'s balcone. They dine all at
my Lord Mayor's; but what he do for victualls, or room for them,
I know not.

24th. To St.James's,and there an hour's private discourse with
Mr. Coventry; he speaking of Sir G. Carteret slightly, and
diminishing of his services for the King in Jersey; that he was
well rewarded, and had good lands and rents, and other profits
from the King, all the time he was there; and that it was always
his humour to have things done his way. He brought an example
how he would not let the Castle there be victualled for more than
a month, that so he might keep it at his beck, though the people
of the town did offer to supply it more often themselves.
Another thing he told me, how the Duke of York did give Sir G.
Carteret and the Island his profit as Admirall and other things,
toward the building of of a pier there. But it was never laid
out, nor like to be. So it falling out that a lady being brought
to bed, the Duke was to be desired to be one of the godfathers;
and it being objected that that would not be proper, there being
no peer of the land to be joyned with him, the lady replied,
"Why, let him choose; and if he will not be a godfather without a
peer, then let him even stay till he hath made a pier of his
own." He tells me, too, that he hath lately been observed to
tack about at Court, and to endeavour to strike in with the
persons that are against the Chancellor; but this he says of him,
that he do not say nor do anything to the prejudice of the
Chancellor. But he told me that the Chancellor was rising again,
and that of late Sir G. Carteret's business and employment hath
not been so full as it used to be while the Chancellor stood up.
From that we discoursed of the evil of putting out men of
experience in business as the Chancellor, and of the condition of
the King's party at present, who, as the Papists, though
otherwise fine persons, yet being by law kept for these fourscore
years out of employment, they are now wholly uncapable of
business; and so the Cavaliers for twenty years, who, says he,
for the most part have either given themselves over to look after
country and family business, and those the best of them, and the
rest to debauchery, &c.; and that was it that hath made him high
against the late Bill brought into the House for the making all
men incapable of employment that had served against the King.
People, says he, in the sea-service, it is impossible to do any
thing without them, there being not more than three men of the
whole King's side that are fit to command almost; and these were
Captn. Allen, Smith, and Beech; [Probably Richard Beach,
afterwards knighted, and in 1668 Commissioner at Portsmouth.]
and it may be Holmes, and Utber, and Batts might do something.

25th. Sir C. Carteret did tell us that upon Tuesday last, being
with my Lord Treasurer, he showed him a letter from Portugall
speaking of the advance of the Spaniards into their country, and
yet that the Portuguese were never more courageous than now: for
by an old prophecy sent thither some years though not many since
from the French King, it is foretold that the Spaniards should
come into their country, and in such a valley they should be all
killed, and then their country should be wholly delivered from
the Spaniards. This was on Tuesday last, and yesterday come the
very first news that in this valley they had thus routed and
killed the Spaniards.

26th. The House is upon the King's answer to their message about
Temple, which is, that my Lord of Bristoll did tell him that
Temple did say those words; so the House are resolved upon
sending some of their members to him to know the truth, and to
demand satisfaction if it be not true. Sir W. Batten, Sir J.
Minnes, my Lady Batten, and I by coach to Bednall Green, to Sir
W. Rider's to dinner. A fine merry walk with the ladies alone
after dinner in the garden: the greatest quantity of strawberrys
I ever saw, and good. This very house was built by the blind
beggar of Bednall Green, so much talked of and sang in ballads;
but they say it was only some of the outhouses of it. [Called
Kirby Castle, the property of Sir William Ryder, Knight, who died
herein 1669.--LYSONS' ENVIRONS.] At table, discoursing of
thunder and lightning, Sir W. Rider did tell a story of his own
knowledge, that a Genoese gally in Legorne Roads was struck by
thunder, so as the mast was broke a-pieces, and the shackle upon
one of the slaves was melted clear off his leg without hurting
his leg. Sir William went on board the vessel, and would have
contributed toward the release of the slave whom Heaven had thus
set free, but he could not compass it, and so he was brought to
his fetters again.

29th. Up and down the streets is cried mightily the great
victory got by the Portugalls against the Spaniards, where 10,000
slain, 3 or 4000 taken prisoners, with all the artillery,
baggage, money, &c., and Don John [He was a natural son of Philip
IV. King of Spain, who after his father's death in 1666 exerted
his whole influence to overthrow the Regency appointed during the
young King's minority.] of Austria forced to flee with a man or
two with him.

30th. Public matters are in an ill condition: Parliament
sitting and raising four subsidys for the King, which is but a
little, considering his wants; and yet that parted withal with
great hardness. They being offended to see so much money go, and
no debts of the public's paid, but all swallowed by a luxurious
Court; which the King it is believed and hoped will retrench in a
little time, when he comes to see the utmost of the revenue which
shall be settled on him; he expecting to have his 1,200,000l.
made good to him, which is not yet done by above 150,000l. as he
himself reports to the House. The charge the Navy intended to be
limited to 200,000l. per annum, the ordinary charge of it, and
that to be settled upon the Customes. The King gets greatly
taken up with Madam Castlemaine and Mrs. Stewart, which Heaven
put an end to!

JULY 1, 1663. Being in the Parliament lobby, I there saw my Lord
of Bristoll come to the Commons House to give his answer to their
question, about some words he should tell the King that were
spoke by Sir Richard Temple. A chair was set at the bar of the
House for him, which he used but little, but made an harangue of
half an hour bareheaded, the House covered. His speech being
done, he come out into a little room till the House had concluded
of an answer to his speech; which they staying long upon, I went
away. And by and by out comes Sis W. Batten; and he told me that
his Lordship had made a long and a comedian-like speech, and
delivered with such action as was not becoming his Lordship. He
confesses he did tell the King such a thing of Sir Richard
Temple, but that upon his honour the words were not spoke by Sir
Richard, he having taken a liberty of enlarging to the King upon
the discourse which had been between Sir Richard and himself
lately; and so took upon himself the whole blame, and desired
their pardon, it being not to do any wrong to their fellow-
member, but out of zeal to the King. He told them, among many
other things, that as to religion he was a Roman Catholick, but
such a one as thought no man to have right to the Crown of
England but the Prince that hath it; and such a one as, if the
King should desire counsel as to his own, he would not advise him
to another religion than the old true reformed religion of this
kingdom as it now stands; and concluded with a submission to what
the House shall do with, him, saying, that whatever they shall
do,--"thanks be to God, this head, this heart, and this sword;
(pointing to them all) will find me a being in any place in
Europe." The House hath hereupon voted clearly Sir Richard
Temple to be free from the imputation of saying those words; but
when Sir William Batten come out, had not concluded what to say
to my Lord, it being argued that to own any satisfaction as to my
Lord from his speech, would be to lay some fault upon the King
for the message he should upon no better accounts send to the
impeaching of one of their members. Walking out, I hear that the
House of Lords are offended that my Lord Digby [Digby, Earl of
Bristol.] should come to this House and make a speech there
without leave first asked of the House of Lords. I hear also of
another difficulty now upon him; that my Lord of Sunderland
[Henry, fourth Lord Spence, and second Earl of Sunderland,
Ambassador to Spain 1671. Ob. 1702.] (whom I do not know) was so
near to the marriage of his daughter, as that the wedding-clothes
were made, and portion and every thing agreed on and ready; and
the other day he goes away nobody yet knows whither, sending her
the next morning a release of his right or claim to her, and
advice to his friends not to enquire into the reason of this
doing, for he hath enough for it; and that he gives them liberty
to say and think what they will of him, so they do not demand the
reason of his leaving her, being resolved never to have her. To
Sir W. Batten, to the Trinity House; and after dinner we fell
a-talking, Mr. Batten telling us of a late triall of Sir Charles
Sedley [Sir Charles Sedley, Bart., celebrated for his wit and
profligacy, and author of several plays. He is said to have been
fined 500l. for this outrage. He was father to James II.'s
mistress, created Countess of Dorchester, and died 1701.] the
other day, before my Lord Chief Justice Foster [Sir Robert
Foster, Knt. Chief Justice of the King's Bench. Ob. 1663.] and
the whole bench, for his debauchery a little while since at
Oxford Kate's. [The details in the original are too gross to
print.] It seems my Lord and the rest of the Judges did all of
them round give him a most high reproofe; my Lord Chief Justice
saying, that it was for him, and such wicked wretches as he was,
that God's anger and judgments hung over us, calling him sirrah
many times. It seems they have bound him to his good behaviour
(there being no law against him for it) in 5000l. It being told
that my Lord Buckhurst was there, my Lord asked whether it was
that Buckhurst that was lately tried for robbery; [See an account
of this, February 22nd, 1661-2.] and when answered yes, he asked
whether he had so soon forgot his deliverance at that time, and
that it would have more become him to have been at his prayers
begging God's forgiveness, than now running into such courses
again. This day I hear at dinner that Don John of Austria, since
his flight out of Portugall, is dead of his wounds: so there is
a great man gone, and a great dispute like to be indeed for the
crown of Spayne, if the King should, have died before him. My
cousin Roger told us the whole passage of my Lord Digby to-day,
much as I have said here above; only that he did say that he
would draw his sword against the Pope himself, if he should offer
any thing against his Majesty, and the good of these nations; and
that he never was the man that did either look for a Cardinal's
cap for himself, or any body else, meaning Abbot Montagu:
[Walter, second son to the first Earl of Manchester, embracing
the Catholic religion while on his travels, was made abbot of
Ponthoise through the influence of Mary de' Medici: he
afterwards became Almoner to the Queen-Dowager of England: and
died 1670.] and the House upon the whole did vote Sir Richard
Temple innocent; and that my Lord Digby hath cleared the honour
of His Majesty, and Sir Richard Temple's, and given perfect
satisfaction of his own respects to the House.

2nd. Walking in the garden this evening with Sir G. Carteret and
Sir J. Minnes, Sir G. Carteret told us with great content how
like a stage-player my Lord Digby spoke yesterday, pointing to
his head as my Lord did, and saying, "First, for his head," says
Sir G. Carteret, "I know when a calfe's head would have done
better by half: for his heart and his sword, I have nothing to
say to them." He told us that for certain his head cost the late
King his, for it was he that broke off the treaty at Uxbridge.
He told us also how great a man he was raised from a private
gentleman in France by Monsieur Grandmont, and afterwards by the
Cardinal, who raised him to be a Lieutenant-generall, and then
higher; and entrusted by the Cardinal when he was banished out of
France with great matters, and recommended by him to the Queene
as a man to be trusted and ruled by: yet when he come to have
some power over the Queene, he begun to dissuade her from her
opinion of the Cardinal; which she said nothing to till the
Cardinal [Cardinal Mazarin.] was returned, and then she told him
of it; who told my Lord Digby, "Et bien, Monsieur, vous estes un
fort bon amy donc:" but presently put him out of all; and then,
from a certainty of coming in two or three years' time to be
Mareschall of France, (to which all strangers, even Protestants,
and those as often as French themselves, are capable of coming,
though it be one of the greatest places in France,) he was driven
to go out of France into Flanders; but there was not trusted, nor
received any kindness from the Prince of Conde, as one to whom
also he had been false, as he had been to the Cardinal and
Grandmont. In fine, he told us that he is a man of excellent
parts, but of no great faith nor judgment, and one very easy to
get up to great height of preferment, but never able to hold it.

3rd. Mr. Moore tells me great news that my Lady Castlemaine is
fallen from Court, and this morning retired. He gives me no
account of the reason, but that it is so: for which I am sorry;
and yet if the King do it to leave off not only her but all other
mistresses, I should be heartily glad of it, that he may fall to
look after business. I hear my Lord Digby is condemned at Court
for his speech, and that my Lord Chancellor grows great again.
With Mr. Creed over the water to Lambeth; but could not see the
Archbishop's hearse: so over the fields to Southwarke. I spent
half an hour in St. Mary Overy's Church, where are fine monuments
of great antiquity.

4th. Sir Allen Apsley [Sir Allen Apsley, a faithful adherent to
Charles I., after the Restoration was made Falconer to the King,
and Almoner to the Duke of York in whose regiment he bore a
commission. He was in 1661 M.P. for Thetford, and died 1683.]
showed the Duke the Lisbon Gazette in Spanish, where the late
victory is set down particularly, and to the great honour of the
English beyond measure. They have since taken back Evora, which
was lost to the Spaniards, the English making the assault, and
lost not more than three men. Here I learnt that the English
foot are highly esteemed all over the world, but the horse not so
much, which yet we count among ourselves the best: but they
abroad have had no great knowledge of our horse, it seems. To
the King's Head ordinary; and a pretty gentleman in our company,
who confirms my Lady Castlemaine's being gone from Court, but
knows not the reason; he told us of one wipe the Queene a little
while ago did give her, when she come in and found the Queene
under the dresser's hands, and had been so long: "I wonder your
Majesty," says she, "can have the patience to sit so long a-
dressing?"--"I have so much reason to use patience," says the
Queene, "that I can very well bear with it." He thinks it may be
the Queene hath commanded her to retire, though that is not
likely. Thence with Creed to hire a coach to carry us to Hide
Parke, to-day there being a general muster of the King's Guards,
horse and foot but they demand so high, that I, spying Mr. Cutler
the merchant, did take notice of him, and he going into his
coach, and telling me that he was going to the muster, I asked
and went along with him; where a goodly sight to see so many fine
horses and officers, and the King, Duke, and others come by a-
horseback, and the two Queenes in the Queene-Mother's coach, (my
Lady Castlemaine not being there). And after long being there, I
light, and walked to the place where the King, Duke, &c. did
stand to see the horse and foot march by and discharge their
guns, to show a French Marquisse (for whom this muster was
caused) the goodness of our firemen; which indeed was very good,
though not without a slip now and then: and one broadside close
to our coach we had going out of the Park, even to the nearnesse
as to be ready to burn our hairs. Yet methought all these gay
men are not the soldiers that must do the King's business, it
being such as these that lost the old King all he had, and were
beat by the most ordinary fellows that could be. Thence with
much ado out of the Park, and through St. James's down the
waterside over to Lambeth, to see the Archhishop's corps, (who is
to be carried away to Oxford on Monday,) but come too late. This
day in the Duke's chamber there being a Roman story in the
hangings, and upon the standard written these four letters--
S. P. Q. R., Sir G. Carteret came to me to know what the meaning
of those four letters were; which ignorance is not to be borne in
a Privy Counsellor, methinks, what a schoolboy should be whipt
for not knowing.

6th. At my office all the morning, writing of a list of the
King's ships in my Navy collections with great pleasure.

7th. In Mr. Pett's garden I eat some of the first cherries I


 


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