The Grammar of English Grammars
by
Gould Brown
Part 40 out of 54
"With heads declin'd ye cedars homage pay;
Be smooth ye rocks ye rapid floods give way!"
UNDER RULE VII.--OF WORDS IN APPOSITION.
"Now Philomel sweet songstress charms the night." "'Tis chanticleer the
shepherd's clock announcing day." "The evening star love's harbinger
appears." "The queen of night fair Dian smiles serene." "There is yet one
man Micaiah the son of Imlah." "Our whole company man by man ventured
down." "As a work of wit the Dunciad has few equals."
"In the same temple the resounding wood
All vocal beings hymned their equal God."
EXC. I.--"The last king of Rome was Tarquinius Superbus." "Bossuet highly
eulogizes Maria Theresa of Austria." "No emperor has been more praised than
Marcus Aurelius, Antoninus."
EXC. II.--"For he went and dwelt by the brook Cherith." "Remember the
example of the patriarch Joseph." "The poet, Milton, excelled in prose as
well as in verse."
EXC. III.--"I wisdom dwell with prudence." "Ye fools be ye of an
understanding heart." "I tell you that which you yourselves do know."
EXC. IV.--"I crown thee king of intimate delights" "I count the world a
stranger for thy sake." "And this makes friends such miracles below." "God
has pronounced it death to taste that tree." "Grace makes the slave a
freeman."
UNDER RULE VIII.--OF ADJECTIVES.
"Deaf with the noise I took my hasty flight." "Him piteous of his youth
soft disengage." "I played a while obedient to the fair." "Love free as air
spreads his light wings and flies." "Physical science separate from morals
parts with its chief dignity."
"Then active still and unconfined his mind
Explores the vast extent of ages past."
"But there is yet a liberty unsung
By poets and by senators unpraised."
EXC.--"I will marry a wife beautiful as the Houries." "He was a man able to
speak upon doubtful questions." "These are the persons, anxious for the
change." "Are they men worthy of confidence and support?" "A man,
charitable beyond his means, is scarcely honest."
UNDER RULE IX.--OF FINITE VERBS.
"Poverty wants some things--avarice all things." "Honesty has one
face--flattery two." "One king is too soft and easy--an other too fiery."
"Mankind's esteem they court--and he his own:
Theirs the wild chase of false felicities;
His the compos'd possession of the true."
EXERCISE III.--PUNCTUATION.
_Copy the following sentences, and insert the COMMA where it is
requisite._
EXAMPLES UNDER RULE X.--OF INFINITIVES.
"My desire is to live in peace." "The great difficulty was to compel them
to pay their debts." "To strengthen our virtue God bids us trust in him."
"I made no bargain with you to live always drudging." "To sum up all her
tongue confessed the shrew." "To proceed my own adventure was still more
laughable."
"We come not with design of wasteful prey
To drive the country force the swains away."
UNDER RULE XI.--OF PARTICIPLES.
"Having given this answer he departed." "Some sunk to beasts find pleasure
end in pain." "Eased of her load subjection grows more light." "Death still
draws nearer never seeming near." "He lies full low gored with wounds and
weltering in his blood." "Kind is fell Lucifer compared to thee." "Man
considered in himself is helpless and wretched." "Like scattered down by
howling Eurus blown." "He with wide nostrils snorting skims the wave."
"Youth is properly speaking introductory to manhood."
EXC.--"He kept his eye fixed on the country before him." "They have their
part assigned them to act." "Years will not repair the injuries done by
him."
UNDER RULE XII.--OF ADVERBS.
"Yes we both were philosophers." "However Providence saw fit to cross our
design." "Besides I know that the eye of the public is upon me." "The fact
certainly is much otherwise." "For nothing surely can be more
inconsistent."
UNDER RULE XIII.--OF CONJUNCTIONS.
"For in such retirement the soul is strengthened." "It engages our desires;
and in some degree satisfies them also." "But of every Christian virtue
piety is an essential part." "The English verb is variable--_as love lovest
loves_."
UNDER RULE XIV.--OF PREPOSITIONS.
"In a word charity is the soul of social life." "By the bowstring I can
repress violence and fraud." "Some by being too artful forfeit the
reputation of probity." "With regard to morality I was not indifferent."
"Of all our senses sight is the most perfect and delightful."
UNDER RULE XV.--OF INTERJECTIONS.
"Behold I am against thee O inhabitant of the valley!" "O it is more like a
dream than a reality," "Some wine ho!" "Ha ha ha; some wine eh?"
"When lo the dying breeze begins to fail,
And flutters on the mast the flagging sail."
UNDER RULE XVI.--OF WORDS REPEATED.
"I would never consent never never never." "His teeth did chatter chatter
chatter still." "Come come come--to bed to bed to bed."
UNDER RULE XVII.--OF DEPENDENT QUOTATIONS.
"He cried 'Cause every man to go out from me.'" "'Almet' said he 'remember
what thou hast seen.'" "I answered 'Mock not thy servant who is but a worm
before thee.'"
EXERCISE IV.--PUNCTUATION.
I. THE SEMICOLON.--_Copy the following sentences, and insert the Comma and
the SEMICOLON where they are requisite._
EXAMPLES UNDER RULE I.--OF COMPOUND MEMBERS.
"'Man is weak' answered his companion 'knowledge is more than equivalent to
force.'" "To judge rightly of the present we must oppose it to the past for
all judgement is compartive [sic--KTH] and of the future nothing can be
known." "'Contentment is natural wealth' says Socrates to which I shall add
'luxury is artificial poverty.'"
"Converse and love mankind might strongly draw
When love was liberty and nature law."
UNDER RULE II.--OF SIMPLE MEMBERS.
"Be wise to-day 'tis madness to defer." "The present all their care the
future his." "Wit makes an enterpriser sense a man." "Ask thought for joy
grow rich and hoard within." "Song soothes our pains and age has pains to
soothe." "Here an enemy encounters there a rival supplants him." "Our
answer to their reasons is; 'No' to their scoffs nothing."
"Here subterranean works and cities see
There towns aerial on the waving tree."
UNDER RULE III.--OF APPOSITION.
"In Latin there are six cases namely the nominative the genitive the dative
the accusative the vocative and the ablative." "Most English nouns form the
plural by taking _s_; as _boy boys nation nations king kings bay bays_."
"Bodies are such as are endued with a vegetable soul as plants a sensitive
soul as animals or a rational soul as the body of man."
II. THE COLON.--_Copy the following sentences, and insert the Comma, the
Semicolon, and the COLON, where they are requisite._
UNDER RULE I.--OF ADDITIONAL REMARKS.
"Indulge not desires at the expense of the slightest article of virtue pass
once its limits and you fall headlong into vice." "Death wounds to cure we
fall we rise we reign." "Beware of usurpation God is the judge of all."
"Bliss!--there is none but unprecarious bliss
That is the gem sell all and purchase that."
UNDER RULE II.--OF GREATER PAUSES.
"I have the world here before me I will review it at leisure surely
happiness is somewhere to be found." "A melancholy enthusiast courts
persecution and when he cannot obtain it afflicts himself with absurd
penances but the holiness of St. Paul consisted in the simplicity of a
pious life."
"Observe his awful portrait and admire
Nor stop at wonder imitate and live."
UNDER RULE III.--OF INDEPENDENT QUOTATIONS.
"Such is our Lord's injunction 'Watch and pray.'" "He died praying for his
persecutors 'Father forgive them they know not what they do.'" "On the old
gentleman's cane was inscribed this motto '_Festina lente_.'"
III.--THE PERIOD.--_Copy the following sentences, and insert the Comma, the
Semicolon, the Colon, and the PERIOD, where they are requisite._
UNDER RULE I.--OF DISTINCT SENTENCES.
"Then appeared the sea and the dry land the mountains rose and the rivers
flowed the sun and moon began their course in the skies herbs and plants
clothed the ground the air the earth and the waters were stored with their
respective inhabitants at last man was made in the image of God"
"In general those parents have most reverence who most deserve it for he
that lives well cannot be despised"
UNDER RULE II.--OF ALLIED SENTENCES.
"Civil accomplishments frequently give rise to fame but a distinction is to
be made between fame and true honour the statesman the orator or the poet
may be famous while yet the man himself is far from being honoured"
UNDER RULE III.--OF ABBREVIATIONS.
"Glass was invented in England by Benalt a monk A D 664" "The Roman era U C
commenced A C 1753 years" "Here is the Literary Life of S T Coleridge Esq"
"PLATO a most illustrious philosopher of antiquity died at Athens 348 B C
aged 81 his writings are very valuable his language beautiful and correct
and his philosophy sublime"--See _Univ. Biog. Dict._
EXERCISE V.--PUNCTUATION.
I. THE DASH.--_Copy the following sentences, and insert, in their proper
places, the_ DASH, _and such other points as are necessary_.
EXAMPLES UNDER RULE I.--OF ABRUPT PAUSES.
"You say _famous_ very often and I don't know exactly what it means a
_famous_ uniform _famous_ doings What does famous mean"
"O why _famous_ means Now don't you know what _famous_ means It means It is
a word that people say It is the fashion to say it It means it means
_famous_."
UNDER RULE II.--OF EMPHATIC PAUSES.
"But this life is not all there is there is full surely another state
abiding us And if there is what is thy prospect O remorseless obdurate Thou
shalt hear it would be thy wisdom to think thou now nearest the sound of
that trumpet which shall awake the dead Return O yet return to the Father
of mercies and live"
"The future pleases Why The present pains
But that's a secret yes which all men know"
II. THE EROTEME.--_Copy the following sentences, and insert rightly the_
EROTEME, _or_ NOTE OF INTERROGATION, _and such other points as are
necessary_.
UNDER RULE I.--OF QUESTIONS DIRECT.
"Does Nature bear a tyrant's breast
Is she the friend of stern control
Wears she the despot's purple vest
Or fetters she the freeborn soul"
"Why should a man whose blood is warm within
Sit like his grandsire cut in alabaster"
"Who art thou courteous stranger and from whence
Why roam thy steps to this abandon'd dale"
UNDER RULE II.--OF QUESTIONS UNITED.
"Who bid the stork Columbus-like explore
Heav'ns not his own and worlds unknown before
Who calls the council states the certain day
Who forms the phalanx and who points the way"
UNDER RULE III.--OF QUESTIONS INDIRECT.
"They asked me who I was and whither I was going." "St. Paul asked king
Agrippa if he believed the prophets? But he did not wait for an answer."
"Ask of thy mother Earth why oaks are made
Taller and stronger than the weeds they shade"
III. THE ECPHONEME.--_Copy the following sentences, and insert rightly the_
ECPHONEME, _or_ NOTE OF EXCLAMATION, _and such other points as are
necessary_.
UNDER RULE I.--OF INTERJECTIONS.
"Oh talk of hypocrisy after this Most consummate of all hypocrites After
instructing your chosen official advocate to stand forward with such a
defence such an exposition of your motives to dare utter the word hypocrisy
and complain of those who charged you with it" _Brougham_
"Alas how is that rugged heart forlorn"
"Behold the victor vanquish'd by the worm"
"Bliss sublunary Bliss proud words and vain"
UNDER RULE II.--OF INVOCATIONS.
"O Popular Applause what heart of man
Is proof against thy sweet seducing charms"
"More than thy balm O Gilead heals the wound"
UNDER RULE III.--OF EXCLAMATORY QUESTIONS.
With what transports of joy shall I be received In what honour in what
delightful repose shall I pass the remainder of my life What immortal glory
shall I have acquired" _Hooke's Roman History_.
"How often have I loiter'd o'er thy green
Where humble happiness endear'd each scene"
IV.--THE CURVES.--_Copy the following sentences, and insert rightly the
CURVES, or MARKS OF PARENTHESIS, and such other points as are necessary_.
UNDER RULE I.--OF THE PARENTHESIS.
"And all the question wrangle e'er so long
Is only this If God has plac'd him wrong"
"And who what God foretells who speaks in things
Still louder than in words shall dare deny"
UNDER RULE II.--OF INCLUDED POINTS.
"Say was it virtue more though Heav'n ne'er gave
Lamented Digby sunk thee to the grave"
"Where is that thrift that avarice of time
O glorious avarice thought of death inspires"
"And oh the last last what can words express
Thought reach the last last silence of a friend"
EXERCISE VI.--PUNCTUATION.
_Copy the following MIXED EXAMPLES, and insert the points which they
require._
"As one of them opened his sack he espied his money" "They cried out the
more exceedingly Crucify him" "The soldiers' counsel was to kill the
prisoners" "Great injury these vermin mice and rats do in the field" "It is
my son's coat an evil beast hath devoured him" "Peace of all worldly
blessings is the most valuable" "By this time the very foundation was
removed" "The only words he uttered were I am a Roman citizen" "Some
distress either felt or feared gnaws like a worm" "How then must I
determine Have I no interest If I have not I am stationed here to no
purpose" _Harris_ "In the fire the destruction was so swift sudden vast and
miserable as to have no parallel in story" "Dionysius the tyrant of Sicily
was far from being happy" "I ask now Verres what thou hast to advance"
"Excess began and sloth sustains the trade" "Fame can never reconcile a man
to a death bed" "They that sail on the sea tell of the danger" "Be doers of
the word and not hearers only" "The storms of wintry time will quickly
pass" "Here Hope that smiling angel stands" "Disguise I see thou art a
wickedness" "There are no tricks in plain and simple faith" "True love
strikes root in reason passion's foe" "Two gods divide them all Pleasure
and Gain" "I am satisfied My son has done his duty" "Remember Almet the
vision which thou hast seen" "I beheld an enclosure beautiful as the
gardens of paradise" "The knowledge which I have received I will
communicate" "But I am not yet happy and therefore I despair" "Wretched
mortals said I to what purpose are you busy" "Bad as the world is respect
is always paid to virtue" "In a word he views men as the clear sunshine of
charity" "This being the case I am astonished and amazed" "These men
approached him and saluted him king" "Excellent and obliging sages these
undoubtedly" "Yet at the same time the man himself undergoes a change" "One
constant effect of idleness is to nourish the passions" "You heroes regard
nothing but glory" "Take care lest while you strive to reach the top you
fall" "Proud and presumptuous they can brook no opposition" "Nay some awe
of religion may still subsist" "Then said he Lo I come to do thy will O
God" _Bible_ "As for me behold I am in your hand" _Ib._ "Can any hide
himself in secret places that I shall not see him saith the Lord" _Jer_
xxiii 24 "Now I Paul myself beseech you" "Now for a recompense in the same
I speak as unto my children be ye also enlarged" _2 Cor_ vi 13 "He who
lives always in public cannot live to his own soul whereas he who retires
remains calm" "Therefore behold I even I will utterly forget you" "This
text speaks only of those to whom it speaks" "Yea he warmeth himself and
saith Aha I am warm" "King Agrippa believest thou the prophets"
EXERCISE VII.--PUNCTUATION.
_Copy the following MIXED EXAMPLES, and insert the points which they
require._
To whom can riches give repute or trust
Content or pleasure but the good and just _Pope_
To him no high no low no great no small
He fills he bounds connects and equals all _Id_
Reasons whole pleasure all the joys of sense
Lie in three words health peace and competence _Id_
Not so for once indulged they sweep the main
Deaf to the call or hearing hear in vain _Anon_
Say will the falcon stooping from above
Smit with her varying plumage spare the dove _Pope_
Throw Egypts by and offer in its stead
Offer the crown on Berenices head _Id_
Falsely luxurious will not man awake
And springing from the bed of sloth enjoy
The cool the fragrant and the silent hour _Thomson_
Yet thus it is nor otherwise can be
So far from aught romantic what I sing _Young_
Thyself first know then love a self there is
Of virtue fond that kindles at her charms _Id_
How far that little candle throws his beams
So shines a good deed in a naughty world _Shakspeare_
You have too much respect upon the world
They lose it that do buy it with much care _Id_
How many things by season seasoned are
To their right praise and true perfection _Id_
Canst thou descend from converse with the skies
And seize thy brothers throat For what a clod _Young_
In two short precepts all your business lies
Would you be great--_be virtuous_ and _be wise Denham_
But sometimes virtue starves while vice is fed
What then is the reward of virtue bread _Pope_
A life all turbulence and noise may seem
To him that leads it wise and to be praised
But wisdom is a pearl with most success
Sought in still waters and beneath clear skies _Cowper_
All but the swellings of the softened heart
That waken not disturb the tranquil mind _Thomson_
Inspiring God who boundless spirit all
And unremitting energy pervades
Adjusts sustains and agitates the whole _Id_
Ye ladies for indifferent in your cause
I should deserve to forfeit all applause
Whatever shocks or gives the least offence
To virtue delicacy truth or sense
Try the criterion tis a faithful guide
Nor has nor can have Scripture on its side. _Cowper_
EXERCISE VIII.--SCANNING.
_Divide the following_ VERSES _into the feet which compose them, and
distinguish by marks the long and the short syllables_.
_Example I.--"Our Daily Paths"--By F. Hemans_.
"There's Beauty all around our paths, if but our watchful eyes
Can trace it 'midst familiar things, and through their lowly guise;
We may find it where a hedgerow showers its blossoms o'er our way,
Or a cottage-window sparkles forth in the last red light of day."
_Example II.--"Fetching Water"--Anonymous_.
"Early on a sunny morning, while the lark was singing sweet,
Came, beyond the ancient farmhouse, sounds of lightly-tripping feet.
'Twas a lowly cottage maiden, going,--why, let young hearts tell,--
With her homely pitcher laden, fetching water from the well."
_Example III.--Deity_.
Alone thou sitst above the everlasting hills
And all immensity of space thy presence fills:
For thou alone art God;--as God thy saints adore thee;
Jehovah is thy name;--they have no gods before thee.--_G. Brown_.
_Example IV.--Impenitence_.
The impenitent sinner whom mercy empowers,
Dishonours that goodness which seeks to restore;
As the sands of the desert are water'd by showers.
Yet barren and fruitless remain as before.--_G. Brown_.
_Example V.--Piety_.
Holy and pure are the pleasures of piety,
Drawn from the fountain of mercy and love;
Endless, exhaustless, exempt from satiety,
Rising unearthly, and soaring above.--_G. Brown_.
_Example VI.--A Simile_.
The bolt that strikes the tow'ring cedar dead,
Oft passes harmless o'er the hazel's head.--_G. Brown_.
_Example VII.--A Simile_.
"Yet to their general's voice they soon obey'd
Innumerable. As when the potent rod
Of Amram's son, in Egypt's evil day,
Wav'd round the coast, up call'd a pitchy cloud
Of locusts, warping on the eastern wind,
That o'er the realm of impious Pharaoh hung
Like night, and darken'd all the land of Nile."--_Milton_.
_Example VIII.--Elegiac Stanza._
Thy name is dear--'tis virtue balm'd in love;
Yet e'en thy name a pensive sadness brings.
Ah! wo the day, our hearts were doom'd to prove,
That fondest love but points affliction's stings!--_G. Brown_.
_Example IX.--Cupid._
Zephyrs, moving bland, and breathing fragrant
With the sweetest odours of the spring,
O'er the winged boy, a thoughtless vagrant,
Slumb'ring in the grove, their perfumes fling.--_G. Brown_.
_Example X.--Divine Power._
When the winds o'er Gennesaret roar'd,
And the billows tremendously rose,
The Saviour but utter'd the word,
They were hush'd to the calmest repose.--_G. Brown_.
_Example XI.--Invitation._
Come from the mount of the leopard, spouse,
Come from the den of the lion;
Come to the tent of thy shepherd, spouse,
Come to the mountain of Zion.--_G. Brown_.
_Example XII.--Admonition_.
In the days of thy youth,
Remember thy God:
O! forsake not his truth,
Incur not his rod.--_G. Brown._
_Example XIII.--Commendation._
Constant and duteous,
Meek as the dove,
How art thou beauteous,
Daughter of love!--_G. Brown._
EXERCISE IX.--SCANNING.
_Mark the feet and syllables which compose the following lines--or mark a
sample of each metre._
_Edwin, an Ode_.
I. STROPHE.
Led by the pow'r of song, and nature's love,
Which raise the soul all vulgar themes above,
The mountain grove
Would Edwin rove,
In pensive mood, alone;
And seek the woody dell,
Where noontide shadows fell,
Cheering,
Veering,
Mov'd by the zephyr's swell.
Here nurs'd he thoughts to genius only known,
When nought was heard around
But sooth'd the rest profound
Of rural beauty on her mountain throne.
Nor less he lov'd (rude nature's child)
The elemental conflict wild;
When, fold on fold, above was pil'd
The watery swathe, careering on the wind.
Such scenes he saw
With solemn awe,
As in the presence of the Eternal Mind.
Fix'd he gaz'd,
Tranc'd and rais'd,
Sublimely rapt in awful pleasure undefin'd.
II. ANTISTROPHE
Reckless of dainty joys, he finds delight
Where feebler souls but tremble with affright.
Lo! now, within the deep ravine,
A black impending cloud
Infolds him in its shroud,
And dark and darker glooms the scene.
Through the thicket streaming,
Lightnings now are gleaming;
Thunders rolling dread,
Shake the mountain's head;
Nature's war
Echoes far,
O'er ether borne,
That flash
The ash
Has scath'd and torn!
Now it rages;
Oaks of ages,
Writhing in the furious blast,
Wide their leafy honours cast;
Their gnarled arms do force to force oppose
Deep rooted in the crevic'd rock,
The sturdy trunk sustains the shock,
Like dauntless hero firm against assailing foes.
III. EPODE.
'0 Thou who sitst above these vapours dense,
And rul'st the storm by thine omnipotence!
Making the collied cloud thy ear,
Coursing the winds, thou rid'st afar,
Thy blessings to dispense.
The early and the latter rain,
Which fertilize the dusty plain,
Thy bounteous goodness pours.
Dumb be the atheist tongue abhorr'd!
All nature owns thee, sovereign Lord!
And works thy gracious will;
At thy command the tempest roars,
At thy command is still.
Thy mercy o'er this scene sublime presides;
'Tis mercy forms the veil that hides
The ardent solar beam;
While, from the volley'd breast of heaven,
Transient gleams of dazzling light,
Flashing on the balls of sight,
Make darkness darker seem.
Thou mov'st the quick and sulphurous leven--
The tempest-driven
Cloud is riven;
And the thirsty mountain-side
Drinks gladly of the gushing tide.'
So breath'd young Edwin, when the summer shower,
From out that dark o'erchamb'ring cloud,
With lightning flash and thunder loud,
Burst in wild grandeur o'er his solitary bower.--_G. Brown._
THE END OF PART FOURTH.
KEY TO THE IMPROPRIETIES FOR CORRECTION, CONTAINED IN THE GRAMMAR OF
ENGLISH GRAMMARS, AND DESIGNED FOR ORAL EXERCISES UNDER ALL THE RULES AND
NOTES OF THE WORK.
[Fist][The various examples of error which are exhibited for oral
correction, in the Grammar of English Grammars, are all here explained, in
their order, by full amended readings, sometimes with authorities
specified, and generally with references of some sort. They are intended to
be corrected orally by the pupil, according to the formules given under
corresponding heads in the Grammar. Some portion, at least, under each rule
or note, should be used in this way; and the rest, perhaps, may be read and
compared more simply.]
THE KEY.--PART I.--ORTHOGRAPHY.
CHAPTER I.--OF LETTERS. CORRECTIONS RESPECTING CAPITALS.
UNDER RULE I.--OF BOOKS.
"Many a reader of the _Bible_ knows not who wrote the _Acts_ of the
_Apostles_"--G. B. "The sons of Levi, the chief of the fathers, were
written in the book of the _Chronicles_."--ALGER'S BIBLE: _Neh._, xii, 23.
"Are they not written in the book of the _Acts_ of Solomon?"--FRIENDS'
BIBLE: I _Kings_, xi, 41. "Are they not written in the book of the
Chronicles of the _Kings_ of Israel?"--ALGER CORRECTED: I _Kings_, xxii,
39. "Are they not written in the book of the _Chronicles_ of the _Kings_ of
Judah."--See ALGER: _ib., ver_. 45. "Which were written in the law of
Moses, and in the prophets, and in the _Psalms_."--ALGER, ET AL.: _Luke_,
xxiv, 44. "The narrative of which maybe seen in Josephus's History of the
_Jewish War_"--_Dr. Scott cor._ [Obs.--The word in Josephus is "_War_," not
"_Wars_."--_G. Brown._] "This _History of the Jewish War_ was Josephus's
first work, and published about A. D. 75."--_Whiston cor._ "'I have read,'
says Photius, 'the Chronology of Justus of Tiberias.'"--_Id._ "_A
Philosophical Grammar_, written by James Harris, Esquire."--_Murray cor._
"The reader is referred to Stroud's _Sketch_ of the _Slave Laws_"--_A. S.
Mag. cor._ "But God has so made the _Bible_ that it interprets
itself."--_Idem_. "In 1562, with the help of Hopkins, he completed the
_Psalter_."--_Gardiner cor._ "Gardiner says this of Sternhold; of whom the
_Universal Biographical Dictionary_ and the American _Encyclopedia_ affirm,
that he died in 1549."--_G. B._ "The title of a book, to wit: 'English
Grammar in _Familiar Lectures_,'" &c.--_Kirkham cor._ "We had not, at that
time, seen Mr. Kirkham's 'Grammar in _Familiar_ Lectures.'"--_Id._ "When
you parse, you may spread the Compendium before you."--_Id. right_.[516]
"Whenever you parse, you may spread the _Compendium_ before you."--_Id.
cor._ "Adelung was the author of a _Grammatical_ and _Critical
Dictionary_ of the German _Language_, and other works." _Biog. Dict. cor._
"Alley, William, author of '_The Poor Man's Library_,' and a translation of
the Pentateuch, died in 1570."--_Id._
UNDER RULE II.--OF FIRST WORDS.
"Depart instantly;"--"_Improve_ your time;"--"_Forgive_ us our
sins."--_Murray corrected_. EXAMPLES:--"Gold is corrupting;"--"_The_ sea is
green;"--"_A_ lion is bold."--_Mur. et al. cor._ Again: "It may
rain;"--"_He_ may go or stay;"--"_He_ would walk;;"--"_They_ should
learn."--_Iidem_. Again: "Oh! I have alienated my friend;"--"_Alas_! I fear
for life."--_Iidem._ See _Alger's Gram._, p. 50. Again: "He went from
London to York;"--"_She_ is above disguise;" "_They_ are supported by
industry."--_Iidem_. "On the foregoing examples, I have a word to say.
_They_ are better than a fair specimen of their kind. _Our_ grammars abound
with worse illustrations. _Their_ models of English are generally spurious
quotations. _Few_ of their proof-texts have any just parentage.
_Goose-eyes_ are abundant, but names scarce. _Who_ fathers the foundlings?
_Nobody. Then_ let their merit be nobody's, and their defects his who could
write no better."--_Author_. "_Goose-eyes_!" says a bright boy; "pray, what
are they? _Does_ this Mr. Author make new words when he pleases?
_Dead-eyes_ are in a ship. _They_ are blocks, with holes in them. _But_
what are goose-eyes in grammar?" ANSWER: "_Goose-eyes_ are quotation
points. _Some_ of the Germans gave them this name, making a jest of their
form. _The_ French call them _guillemets_, from the name of their
inventor."--_Author_. "_It_ is a personal pronoun, of the third person
singular."--_Comly cor._ "_Ourselves_ is a personal pronoun, of the first
person plural."--_Id._ "_Thee_ is a personal pronoun, of the second person
singular."--_Id._ "_Contentment_ is a _common noun_, of the third person
singular."--_Id._ "_Were_ is a neuter verb, of the indicative mood,
imperfect tense."--_Id._
UNDER RULE III.--OF DEITY.
"O thou _Dispenser_ of life! thy mercies are boundless."--_Allen cor._
"Shall not the _Judge_ of all the earth do right?"--ALGER, FRIENDS, ET AL.:
_Gen._, xviii, 25. "And the _Spirit of God_ moved upon the face of the
waters."--SCOTT, ALGER, FRIENDS, ET AL.: _Gen._, i, 2. "It is the gift of
_Him_, who is the great _Author_ of good, and the Father of
mercies."--_Murray cor._ "This is thy _God_ that brought thee up out of
Egypt."--FRIENDS' BIBLE: _Neh._, ix, 18. "For the LORD is our defence; and
the _Holy One_ of Israel is our _King_."--_Psal._. lxxxix, 18. "By making
him the responsible steward of _Heaven's_ bounties."--_A. S. Mag. cor._
"Which the Lord, the righteous _Judge_, shall give me at that day."--ALGER:
_2 Tim._, iv, 8. "The cries of them ... entered into the ears of the Lord
of _Sabaoth_."--ALGER, FRIENDS: _James_, v, 4. "In Horeb, the _Deity_
revealed himself to Moses, as the _Eternal_ 'I AM,' the _Self-existent
One_; and, after the first discouraging interview of his messengers with
Pharaoh, he renewed his promise to them, by the awful name, JEHOVAH--a name
till then unknown, and one which the Jews always held it a fearful
profanation to pronounce."--_G. Brown_. "And _God_ spake unto Moses, and
said unto him, I am the LORD: and I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and
unto Jacob, by the name of _God Almighty_; but by my name JEHOVAH was I not
known to them."--SCOTT, ALGER, FRIENDS: _Exod._, vi, 2. "Thus saith the
LORD[517] the _King_ of Israel, and his _Redeemer_ the LORD of hosts; I am
the _First_, and I am the _Last_; and besides me there is no _God_."--See
_Isa._, xliv, 6.
"His impious race their blasphemy renew'd,
And nature's _King_, through nature's optics view'd."--_Dryden cor._
UNDER RULE IV.--OF PROPER NAMES.
"Islamism prescribes fasting during the month _Ramadan_."--_Balbi cor._
"Near _Mecca_, in _Arabia_, is _Jebel Nor_, or the _Mountain of Light_, on
the top of which the _Mussulmans_ erected a mosque, that they might perform
their devotions where, according to their belief, _Mohammed_ received from
the angel _Gabriel_ the first chapter of the Koran."--_G. Brown_. "In the
_Kaaba_ at _Mecca_ there is a celebrated block of volcanic basalt, which
the _Mohammedans_ venerate as the gift of _Gabriel_ to _Abraham_, but their
ancestors once held it to be an image of _Remphan_, or _Saturn_; so 'the
image which fell down from _Jupiter_,' to share with _Diana_ the homage of
the _Ephesians_, was probably nothing more than a meteoric stone."--_Id._
"When the _Lycaonians_ at _Lystra_ took _Paul_ and _Barnabas_ to be gods,
they called the former _Mercury_, on account of his eloquence, and the
latter _Jupiter_, for the greater dignity of his appearance."--_Id._ "Of
the writings of the apostolic fathers of the first century, but few have
come down to us; yet we have in those of _Barnabas, Clement_ of _Rome,
Hermas, Ignatius_, and _Polycarp_, very certain evidence of the
authenticity of the New Testament, and the New Testament is a voucher for
the Old."--_Id._ "It is said by _Tatian_, that _Theagenes_ of _Rhegium_, in
the time of _Cambyses, Stesimbrotus_ the _Thracian, Antimachus_ the
_Colophonian, Herodotus_ of _Halicarnassus, Dionysius_ the _Olynthian,
Ephorus_ of _Cumae, Philochorus_ the _Athenian, Metaclides_ and _Chamaeleon_
the _Peripatetics_, and _Zenodotus, Aristophanes, Callimachus, Crates,
Eratosthenes, Aristarchus_, and _Apollodorus_, the grammarians, all wrote
concerning the poetry, the birth, and the age of _Homer_."--See
_Coleridge's Introd._, p. 57. "Yet, for aught that now appears, the life of
_Homer_ is as fabulous as that of _Hercules_; and some have even suspected,
that, as the son of _Jupiter_ and _Alcmena_ has fathered the deeds of forty
other _Herculeses_, so this unfathered son of _Critheis, Themisto_, or
whatever dame--this _Melesigenes, Maeonides, Homer_--the blind schoolmaster,
and poet, of _Smyrna, Chios, Colophon, Salamis, Rhodes, Argos, Athens_, or
whatever place--has, by the help of _Lycurgus, Solon, Pisistratus_, and
other learned ancients, been made up of many poets or _Homers_, and set so
far aloft and aloof on old _Parnassus_, as to become a god in the eyes of
all _Greece_, a wonder in those of all _Christendom_."--_G. Brown_.
"Why so sagacious in your guesses?
Your _Effs_, and _Tees_, and _Ars_, and _Esses_?"--_Swift corrected_.
UNDER RULE V.--OF TITLES.
"The king has conferred on him the title of _Duke_."--_Murray cor._ "At the
court of _Queen_ Elizabeth."--_Priestley's E. Gram._, p. 99; see
_Bullions's_, p. 24. "The laws of nature are, truly, what _Lord_ Bacon
styles his aphorisms, laws of laws."--_Murray cor._ "Sixtus the Fourth was,
if I mistake not, a great collector of books."--_Id._ "Who at that time
made up the court of _King_ Charles the _Second_"--_Id._ "In case of his
_Majesty's_ dying without issue."--_Kirkham cor._ "King Charles the _First_
was beheaded in 1649."--_W. Allen cor._ "He can no more impart, or (to use
_Lord_ Bacon's word) _transmit_ convictions."--_Kirkham cor._ "I reside at
_Lord_ Stormont's, my old patron and benefactor." Better: "I reside _with
Lord Stormont_, my old patron and benefactor."--_Murray cor._ "We staid a
month at _Lord Lyttelton's_, the ornament of his country." Much better: "We
stayed a month at _the seat of Lord Lyttelton, who is_ the ornament of his
country."--_Id._ "Whose prerogative is it? It is the _King_-of-Great-
Britain's;" [518]--"That is the _Duke_-of-Bridgewater's canal;"--"The
_Bishop_-of-Landaff's excellent book;"--"The Lord _Mayor_-of-London's
authority."--_Id._ (See Murray's Note 4th on his Rule 10th.) "Why call ye
me, _Lord, Lord_, and do not the things which I say?"--_Luke_, vi, 46. "And
of them he chose twelve, whom also he named _Apostles_."--ALGER, FRIENDS,
ET AL.: _Luke_, vi, 13. "And forthwith he came to Jesus, and said, Hail,
_Master_; and kissed him."--_Matt._, xxvi, 49. "And he said, Nay, _Father_
Abraham: but if one went unto them from the dead, they _would_
repent."--_Bible cor._
UNDER RULE VI.--OF ONE CAPITAL.
"_Fallriver_, a village in Massachusetts, population (in 1830)
3,431."--_Williams cor._ "Dr. Anderson died at _Westham_, in Essex, in
1808."--_Biog. Dict. cor._ "_Madriver_, the name of two towns in Clark and
Champaign counties, Ohio."--_Williams cor._ "_Whitecreek_, a town of
Washington county, New York."--_Id._ "_Saltcreek_, the name of four towns
in different parts of Ohio."--_Id._ "_Saltlick_, a town of Fayette county,
Pennsylvania."--_Id._ "_Yellowcreek_, a town of Columbiana county,
Ohio."--_Id._ "_Whiteclay_, a hundred of _Newcastle_ county, Delaware."--
_Id._ "Newcastle, _a_ town and _half-shire_ of Newcastle county,
Delaware."--_Id._ "_Singsing_, a village of _Westchester_ county, New York,
situated in the town of _Mountpleasant_."--_Id._ "_Westchester_, a county
of New York: _East Chester and West Chester are towns_ in Westchester
county."--_Id._ "_Westtown_, a village of Orange county, New York."--_Id._
"_Whitewater_, a town of Hamilton county, Ohio."--_Worcester's Gaz._
"_Whitewater_ River, a considerable stream that rises in Indiana, and
flowing southeasterly unites with the Miami in Ohio."--See _ib._
"_Blackwater_, a village of Hampshire, in England, and a town in
Ireland."--See _ib._ "_Blackwater_, the name of seven different rivers, in
England, Ireland, and the United States."--See _ib._ "_Redhook_, a town of
Dutchess county, New York, on the Hudson."--_Williams cor._ "Kinderhook, a
town of Columbia county, New York, on the Hudson."--_Williams right_.
"_Newfane_, a town of Niagara county, New York."--_Williams cor._
"_Lakeport_, a town of Chicot county, Arkansas."--_Id._ "_Moosehead_ Lake,
the chief source of the Kennebeck, in Maine."--_Id._ (See _Worcester's
Gaz._) "Macdonough, a county of Illinois, population (in 1830)
2,959."--_Williams's Univ. Gaz._, p 408. "_Macdonough_, a county of
Illinois, with a _court-house_ at Macomb."--_Williams cor._ "_Halfmoon_,
the name of two towns in New York and Pennsylvania; also of two bays in the
West Indies."--_S. Williams's Univ. Gaz._ "_Leboeuf_, a town of Erie
county, Pennsylvania, near a small lake of the same name."--See _ib._
"_Charlescity, Jamescity, Eiizabethcity_, names of counties in Virginia,
not cities, nor towns."--See _Univ. Gaz._, p. 404.[519] "The superior
qualities of the waters of the Frome, here called _Stroudwater_."--_Balbi
cor._
UNDER RULE VII.--OF TWO CAPITALS.
"The Forth rises on the north side of _Ben Lomond_, and runs
easterly."--_Glasgow Geog._, 8vo, _corrected_. "The red granite of _Ben
Nevis_ is said to be the finest in the world."--_Id._ "_Ben More_, in
Perthshire, is 3,915 feet above the level of the sea."--_Id._ "The height
of _Ben Cleagh_ is 2,420 feet."--_Id._ "In Sutherland and Caithness, are
Ben Ormod, Ben Clibeg, Ben Grin, Ben Hope, and Ben Lugal."--_Glas. Geog.
right_. "_Ben Vracky_ is 2,756 feet high; _Ben Ledi_, 3,009; and _Ben
Voirloich_, 3,300."--_Glas. Geog. cor._ "The river Dochart gives the name
of _Glen Dochart_ to the vale through which it runs."--_Id._ "About ten
miles from its source, it [the Tay] diffuses itself into _Loch
Dochart_."--_Glasgow Geog._, Vol. ii, p. 314. LAKES:--"_Loch Ard_, Loch
Achray, Loch Con, Loch Doine, Loch Katrine, Loch Lomond, Loch
Voil."--_Scott corrected_. GLENS:--"_Glen Finlas_, Glen Fruin, Glen Luss,
_Ross Dhu, Leven Glen_, Strath Endrick, Strath Gartney. Strath Ire."--_Id._
MOUNTAINS:--"_Ben An, Ben Harrow, Ben Ledi_, Ben Lomond, _Ben Voirlich, Ben
Venue_, or, (as some spell it,) _Ben Ivenew_."--_Id._[520] "Fenelon died in
1715, deeply lamented by all the inhabitants of the _Low
Countries_."--_Murray cor._ "And _Pharaoh Necho_[521] made Eliakim, the son
of Josiah, king."--See ALGER: _2 Kings_, xiii, 34. "Those who seem so merry
and well pleased, call her _Good Fortune_; but the others, who weep and
wring their hands, _Bad Fortune_."--_Collier cor._
UNDER RULE VIII.--OF COMPOUNDS.
"When Joab returned, and smote Edom in the _Valley_ of _Salt_"--FRIENDS'
BIBLE: _Ps_. lx, title. "Then Paul stood in the midst of _Mars Hill_, and
said," &c.--_Scott cor._ "And at night he went out, and abode in the mount
that is called the _Mount_ of Olives."--_Bible cor._ "Abgillus, son of the
king of the Frisii, surnamed Prester John, was in the Holy _Land_ with
Charlemagne."--_U. Biog. Dict. cor._ "Cape Palmas, in Africa, divides the
Grain _Coast_ from the Ivory _Coast_."--_Dict. of Geog. cor._ "The North
Esk, flowing from Loch _Lee_, falls into the sea three miles north of
Montrose."--_Id._ "At Queen's _Ferry_, the channel of the Forth is
contracted by promontories on both coasts."--_Id._ "The Chestnut _Ridge_ is
about twenty-five miles west of the Alleghanies, and Laurel _Ridge_, ten
miles further west."--_Balbi cor._ "Washington _City_, the metropolis of
the United States of America."--_Williams, U. Caz._, p. 380. "Washington
_City_, in the District of Columbia, population (in 1830)
18,826."--_Williams cor._ "The loftiest peak of the _White Mountains_, in
New Hampshire, is called _Mount_ Washington."--_G. Brown_. "Mount's _Bay_,
in the west of England, lies between the _Land's End_ and _Lizard
Point_."--_Id._ "Salamis, an island of the Egean Sea, off the southern
coast of the ancient Attica."--_Dict. of Geog_. "Rhodes, an island of the
Egean _Sea_, the largest and most easterly of the Cyclades."--_Id. cor._
"But he overthrew Pharaoh and his host in the Red _Sea_."--SCOTT: _Ps_.
cxxxvi, 15. "But they provoked him at the sea, even at the Red
_Sea_."--ALGER, FRIENDS: _Ps_. cvi, 7.
UNDER RULE IX.--OF APPOSITION.
"At that time, Herod the _tetrarch_ heard of the fame of Jesus."--SCOTT,
FRIENDS, ET AL.: _Matt._, xiv, 1. "Who has been more detested than Judas
the _traitor?_"--_G. Brown_. "St. Luke the _evangelist_ was a physician of
Antioch, and one of the converts of St. Paul."--_Id._ "Luther, the
_reformer_, began his bold career by preaching against papal
indulgences."--_Id._ "The _poet_ Lydgate was a disciple and admirer of
Chaucer: he died in 1440."--_Id._ "The _grammarian_ Varro, 'the most
learned of the Romans,'[522] wrote three books when he was eighty years
old."--_Id._ "John Despauter, the great _grammarian_ of Flanders, whose
works are still valued, died in 1520."--_Id._ "Nero, the _emperor_ and
_tyrant_ of Rome, slew himself to avoid a worse death."--_Id._ "Cicero the
_orator_, 'the Father of his Country,' was assassinated at the age of
64."--_Id._ "Euripides, the Greek _tragedian_, was born in the _island_ of
Salamis, B. C. 476."--_Id._ "I will say unto God my _rock_, Why hast thou
forgotten me?"--ALGER, ET AL.: _Ps_. xlii, 9. "Staten Island, an island of
New York, nine miles below New York _city_."--_Williams cor._ "When the son
of Atreus, _king_ of _men_, and the noble Achilles first
separated."--_Coleridge cor._
"Hermes, his _patron-god_, those gifts bestow'd,
Whose shrine with _weanling_ lambs he wont to load."--_Pope cor._
UNDER RULE X.--OF PERSONIFICATIONS.
"But _Wisdom_ is justified of all her children."--FRIENDS' BIBLE: _Luke_,
vii, 35. "Fortune and the _Church_ are generally put in the feminine
gender: that is, when personified." "Go to your _Natural Religion_; lay
before her Mahomet and his disciples."--_Bp. Sherlock_. "O _Death!_ where
is thy sting? O _Grave!_ where is thy victory."--_Pope_: _1 Cor._, xv, 55;
_Merchant's Gram._, p. 172. "Ye cannot serve God and Mammon."--_Matt._, vi,
24. "Ye cannot serve God and _Mammon_"--See _Luke_, xvi, 13. "This house
was built as if _Suspicion_ herself had dictated the plan."--_Rasselas_.
"Poetry distinguishes herself from _Prose_, by yielding to a musical
law."--_Music of Nature_, p. 501. "My beauteous deliverer thus uttered her
divine instructions: 'My name is _Religion_. I am the offspring of _Truth_
and _Love_, and the parent of _Benevolence, Hope_, and _Joy_. That monster,
from whose power I have freed you, is called _Superstition_: she is called
the child of _Discontent_, and her followers are _Fear_ and
_Sorrow_.'"--_E. Carter_. "Neither _Hope_ nor _Fear_ could enter the
retreats; and _Habit_ had so absolute a power, that even _Conscience_, if
_Religion_ had employed her in their favour, would not have been able to
force an entrance."--_Dr. Johnson_.
"In colleges and halls in ancient days,
There dwelt a sage called _Discipline_."--_Cowper_.
UNDER RULE XI.--OF DERIVATIVES.
"In English, I would have _Gallicisms_ avoided."--_Felton_. "Sallust was
born in Italy, 85 years before the _Christian_ era."--_Murray cor._; "Dr.
Doddridge was not only a great man, but one of the most excellent and
useful _Christians_, and _Christian_ ministers."--_Id._ "They corrupt their
style with untutored _Anglicisms_"--_Milton_. "Albert of Stade, author of a
chronicle from the creation to 1286, a _Benedictine_ of the 13th
century."--_Biog. Dict. cor._ "Graffio, a _Jesuit_ of Capua in the 16th
century, author of two volumes on moral subjects."--_Id._ "They _Frenchify_
and _Italianize_ words whenever they can."--_Bucke's Gram._, p. 86. "He who
sells a _Christian_, sells the grace of God."--_Mag. cor._ "The first
persecution against the _Christians_, under Nero, began A. D.
64."--_Gregory cor._ "P. Rapin, the _Jesuit_, uniformly decides in favour
of the Roman writers."--_Blair's Rhet._, p. 248. "The Roman poet and
_Epicurean_ philosopher Lucretius has said," &c.--_Cohen cor._ Spell
_"Calvinistic, Atticism, Gothicism, Epicurism, Jesuitism, Sabianism,
Socinianism, Anglican, Anglicism, Anglicize, Vandalism, Gallicism_, and
_Romanize_."--_Webster cor._ "The large _Ternate_ bat."--_Id. and Bolles
cor._
"Church-ladders are not always mounted best
By learned clerks, and _Latinists_ profess'd"--_Cowper cor._
UNDER RULE XII.--OF I AND O.
"Fall back, fall back; _I_ have not room:--_O!_ methinks _I_ see a couple
whom _I_ should know."--_Lucian_. "Nay, _I_ live as _I_ did, _I_ think as
_I_ did, _I_ love you as _I_ did; but all these are to no purpose; the
world will not live, think, or love, as _I_ do."--_Swift to Pope_.
"Whither, _O!_ whither shall _I_ fly? _O_ wretched prince! _O_ cruel
reverse of fortune! _O_ father Micipsa! is this the consequence of thy
generosity?"--_Tr. of Sallust._ "When _I_ was a child, _I_ spake as a
child, _I_ understood as a child, _I_ thought as a child; but when _I_
became a man, _I_ put away childish things."--_1 Cor._, xiii, 11. "And _I_
heard, but _I_ understood not; then said _I, O_ my Lord, what shall be the
end of these things?"--_Dan._, xii, 8. "Here am _I_; _I_ think _I_ am very
good, and _I_ am quite sure _I_ am very happy, yet _I_ never wrote a
treatise in my life."--_Few Days in Athens_, p. 127. "Singular, Vocative,
_O master!_ Plural, Vocative, _O masters!_"--_Bicknell cor._
"I, _I_ am he; _O_ father! rise, behold
Thy son, with twenty winters now grown old!"
--_Pope's Odyssey_, B. 24, l. 375.
UNDER RULE XIII.--OF POETRY.
"Reason's whole pleasure, all the joys of sense,
_Lie_ in three words--health, peace, and competence;
_But_ health consists with temperance alone,
_And_ peace, O Virtue! peace is all thy own."--_Pope._
"Observe the language well in all you write,
_And_ swerve not from it in your loftiest flight.
The smoothest verse and the exactest sense
_Displease_ us, if ill English give offence:
_A_ barbarous phrase no reader can approve;
_Nor_ bombast, noise, or affectation love.
In short, without pure language, what you write
_Can_ never yield us profit or delight.
Take time for thinking; never work in haste;
_And_ value not yourself for writing fast."--_Dryden._
UNDER RULE XIV.--OF EXAMPLES.
"The word _rather_ is very properly used to express a small degree or
excess of a quality; as, '_She_ is _rather_ profuse in her
expenses.'"--_Murray cor._ "_Neither_ imports _not either_; that is, not
one nor the other: as, '_Neither_ of my friends was there.'"--_Id._ "When
we say, '_He_ is a tall man,'--'_This_ is a fair day,' we make some
reference to the ordinary size of men, and to different weather."--_Id._
"We more readily say, 'A million of men,' than, '_A_ thousand of
men.'"--_Id._ "So in the instances, '_Two_ and two are four;'--'_The_ fifth
and sixth volumes will complete the set of books.'"--_Id._ "The adjective
may frequently either precede or follow the verb: as, '_The_ man is
_happy_;' or, '_Happy_ is the man;'--'The interview was _delightful_;' or,
'_Delightful_ was the interview.'"--_Id._ "If we say, '_He_ writes a
pen;'--'_They_ ran the river;'--'_The_ tower fell the Greeks;'--'Lambeth is
Westminster _Abbey_;'--[we speak absurdly;] and, it is evident, there is a
vacancy which must be filled up by some connecting word: as thus, 'He
writes _with_ a pen;'--'_They_ ran _towards_ the river;'--'_The_ tower fell
_upon_ the Greeks;'--'Lambeth is _over against_ Westminster
_Abbey_.'"--_Id._ "Let me repeat it;--_He_ only is great, who has the
habits of greatness."--_Id._ "I say not unto thee, _Until_ seven times;
but, _Until_ seventy times seven."--_Matt._, xviii, 22.
"The Panther smil'd at this; and, '_When_,' said she,
'Were those first councils disallow'd by me?'"--_Dryd. cor._
UNDER RULE XV.--OF CHIEF WORDS.
"The supreme council of the nation is called the _Divan_."--_Balbi cor._
"The British _Parliament_ is composed of _King, Lords_, and
_Commons._"--_Comly's Gram._, p. 129; and _Jaudon's_, 127. "A popular
orator in the House of Commons has a sort of patent for coining as many new
terms as he pleases."--See _Campbell's Rhet._, p. 169; _Murray's Gram._,
364. "They may all be taken together, as one name; as, '_The House of
Commons._'"--_Merchant cor._ "Intrusted to persons in whom the _Parliament_
could confide."--_Murray cor._ "For 'The _Lords' House_,' it were certainly
better to say, '_The House of Lords_;' and, in stead of 'The _Commons'_
vote,' to say. 'The _vote_ of the _Commons._'"--_Id. and Priestley cor._
"The _House_ of _Lords_ were so much influenced by these
reasons."--_Iidem._ "Rhetoricians commonly divide them into two great
classes; _Figures_ of _Words_, and _Figures_ of _Thought_. The former,
_Figures_ of _Words_, are commonly called _Tropes_."--_Murray's Gram._, p.
337. "Perhaps, _Figures_ of _Imagination_, and _Figures_ of _Passion_,
might be a more useful distribution."--_Ib._ "Hitherto we have considered
sentences, under the heads of _Perspicuity, Unity_, and _Strength_."--See
_Murray's Gram._, p. 356.
"The word is then depos'd; and, in this view,
You rule the _Scripture_, not the _Scripture_ you."--_Dryd. cor._
UNDER RULE XVI.--OF NEEDLESS CAPITALS.
"Be of good cheer; _it_ is I; be not afraid."--FRIENDS' BIBLE, AND SCOTT'S:
_Matt._, xiv, 27. "Between passion and lying, there is not a _finger's_
breadth."--_Mur. cor._ "Can our _solicitude_ alter the course, or unravel
the intricacy, of human events?" "The last edition was carefully compared
with the _original manuscript_."--_Id._ "And the governor asked him,
saying, Art thou the _king_ of the Jews?"--SCOTT: _Matt._, xxvii, 11. "Let
them be turned back for a reward of their shame, that say, Aha,
_aha_!"--SCOTT ET AL.: _Ps._, lxx, 3. "Let them be desolate for a reward of
their shame, that say unto me, Aha, aha!"--IIDEM: _Ps._, xl, 15. "What
think ye of Christ? whose _son_ is he? They say unto him, The _son_ of
David. He saith unto them, How then doth David in _spirit_ call him
Lord?"--ALGER: _Matt._, xxii, 42, 43. "Among all _things_ in the
_universe_, direct your _worship_ to the _greatest_. And which is that?
_It_ is that Being _who manages_ and _governs_ all the rest."--_Collier's
Antoninus cor._ "As for _modesty_ and _good faith, truth_ and _justice_,
they have left this wicked _world_ and retired to _heaven; and_ now what is
it that can keep you here?"--_Idem_.
"If pulse of verse a nation's temper shows,
In keen iambics English metre flows."--_Brightland cor._
PROMISCUOUS CORRECTIONS RESPECTING CAPITALS.
LESSON I.--MIXED EXAMPLES.
"Come, gentle _Spring, ethereal_ mildness, come."--_Thomson's Seasons_, p.
29. As, "He is the Cicero of his age;"--"_He_ is reading the _Lives_ of the
Twelve Caesars;"--or, if no particular book is meant,--"the _lives_ of the
_twelve_ Caesars;" (as it is in _Fisk's Grammar_, p. 57;) for the sentence,
as it stands in Murray, is ambiguous. "In the _History_ of Henry the
_Fourth_, by _Father_ Daniel, we are _surprised_ at not finding him the
great man."--_Smollett's Voltaire_, Vol. v, p. 82. "Do not those same poor
peasants use the _lever_, and the _wedge_, and many other
instruments?"--_Harris and Mur. cor._ "Arithmetic is excellent for the
gauging of _liquors; geometry_, for the measuring of _estates; astronomy_,
for the making of _almanacs_; and _grammar_, perhaps, for the drawing of
_bonds_ and _conveyances_."--See _Murray's Gram._, p. 288. "The [_History_
of the] _Wars_ of Flanders, written in Latin by Famianus Strada, is a book
of some note."--_Blair cor._ "_William_ is a noun. _Why_? _Was_ is a verb.
_Why_? _A_ is an article. _Why_? _Very_ is an adverb. _Why_?"
&c.--_Merchant cor._ "In the beginning was the _Word_, and that _Word_ was
with God, and God was that _Word_."--See _Gospel of John_, i, 1. "The
_Greeks_ are numerous in _Thessaly, Macedonia, Romelia_, and
_Albania_."--_Balbi's Geog._, p. 360. "He [the Grand Seignior] is styled by
the Turks, Sultan, Mighty, or Padishah, _Lord_."--_Balbi cor._ "I will
ransom them from the power of the grave; I will redeem them from death. O
_Death_! I will be thy _plague_; O _Grave_! I will be thy
destruction."--_Bible cor._ "Silver and _gold_ have I none; but such as I
have, give I [unto] thee."--See _Acts_, iii, 6. "Return, we beseech thee, O
God of _hosts_! look down from heaven, and behold, and visit this
vine."--See _Psalm_ lxxx, 14. "In the Attic _commonwealth_, it was the
privilege of every citizen to rail in public."--_Murray's Gram._, Vol. i,
p. 316. "They assert, that in the phrases, 'GIVE me _that_,'--'_This_ is
John's,' and, '_Such_ were _some_ of you,'--the words in _Italics_ are
pronouns; but that, in the following phrases, they are not pronouns:
'_This_ book is instructive;'--'_Some_ boys are ingenious;'--'_My_ health
is declining;'--'_Our_ hearts are deceitful.'"--_Murray partly
corrected_.[523] "And the coast bends again to the northwest, as far as
_Farout Head_."--_Geog. cor._ "Dr. Webster, and other makers of
spelling-books, very improperly write _Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday,
Thursday, Friday_, and _Saturday_, without capitals."--_G. Brown_. "The
commander in chief of the Turkish navy is styled the _Capitan
Pacha_."--_Balbi cor._ "Shall we not much rather be in subjection unto the
_Father_ of spirits, and live?"--ALGER'S BIBLE: _Heb._, xii, 9. "He [Dr.
Beattie] was more anxious to attain the character of a _Christian_
hero."--_Murray cor._ "Beautiful for situation, the joy of the whole earth,
is _Mount_ Zion."--_W. Allen's Gram._, p. 393. "The Lord is my _helper_,
and I will not fear what man shall do unto me."--ALGER, FRIENDS, ET AL.:
_Heb._, xiii, 6. "Make haste to help me, O LORD my _salvation_."--IIDEM:
_Psalms_, xxxviii, 22.
"The _city_ which _thou_ seest, no other deem
Than great and glorious Rome, _queen_ of the _earth_."
--_Paradise Regained_, B. iv.
LESSON II.--MIXED EXAMPLES.
"That range of hills, known under the general name of _Mount_
Jura."--_Account of Geneva_. "He rebuked the Red _Sea_ also, and it was
dried up."--FRIENDS' BIBLE: _Ps_. cvi, 9. "Jesus went unto the _Mount_ of
Olives."--_Bible cor._ "Milton's book in reply to the _Defence of the
King_, by Salmasius, gained him a thousand pounds from the _Parliament_,
and killed his antagonist with vexation."--_G. B_. "Mandeville, _Sir_ John,
an Englishman famous for his travels, born about 1300, died in 1372."--_B.
Dict. cor._ "Ettrick _Pen_, a mountain in Selkirkshire, Scotland, height
2,200 feet."--_G. Geog. cor._ "The coast bends from _Dungsby Head_, in a
northwest direction, to the promontory of _Dunnet Head_."--_Id._ "General
Gaines ordered a detachment of _nearly_ 300 men, under the command of Major
Twiggs, to surround and take an Indian _village_, called _Fowltown_, about
fourteen miles from _Fort_ Scott."--_Cohen Cor._ "And he took the damsel by
the hand, and said unto her, 'Talitha, _cumi_.'"--_Bible Editors cor._ "On
religious subjects, a frequent _adoption of Scripture_ language is attended
with peculiar force."--_Murray cor._ "Contemplated with gratitude to their
Author, the Giver of all _good_."--_Id._ "When he, the Spirit of _truth_,
is come, he will guide you into all [the] truth,"--SCOTT, ALGER, ET AL.:
_John_, xvi, 13. "See the _Lecture on Verbs, Rule XV, Note_ 4th."--_Fisk
cor._ "At the commencement of _Lecture_ 2d, I informed you that Etymology
treats, _thirdly_, of derivation."--_Kirkham cor._ "This 8th _Lecture_ is a
very important one."--_Id._ "Now read the _11th_ and _12th_ lectures, four
or five times over."--_Id._ "In 1752, he [Henry Home] was advanced to the
bench, under the title of _Lord_ Kames."--_Murray cor._ "One of his maxims
was, '_Know_ thyself.'"--_Lempriere cor._ "Good _Master_, what good thing
shall I do, that I may have eternal life?"--FRIENDS' BIBLE: _Matt._, xix,
16. "His best known works, however, [John Almon's] are, '_Anecdotes_ of the
_Life_ of the _Earl_ of Chatham,' 2 vols. 4to, 3 vols. 8vo; and
'_Biographical, Literary_, and _Political Anecdotes_ of several of the
_Most Eminent Persons_ of the _Present Age_; never before printed,' 3 vols.
8vo, 1797."--_Biog. Dict. cor._ "O gentle _Sleep_, Nature's soft nurse, how
have I frighted thee?"--SHAK.: _Kames, El. of Crit._, Vol. ii, p. 175. "And
_peace, O Virtue!_ peace is all thy own."--_Pope et al. cor._
LESSON III.--MIXED EXAMPLES.
"Fenelon united the characters of a nobleman and a _Christian_ pastor. His
book entitled, 'An _Explication_ of the Maxims of the Saints, concerning
the _Interior Life_,' gave considerable offence to the guardians of
orthodoxy."--_Murray cor._ "When _Natural Religion_, who before was only a
spectator, is introduced as speaking by the _Centurion's_
voice."--_Murray's Gram._, Vol. i, p. 347. "You cannot deny, that the great
_Mover_ and _Author_ of nature constantly explaineth himself to the eyes of
men, by the sensible intervention of arbitrary signs, which have no
similitude to, or connexion with, the things signified."--_Berkley cor._
"The name of this letter is _Double-u_, its form, that of a double
V."--_Dr. Wilson cor._ "Murray, in his _Spelling-Book_, wrote _Charlestown_
with a _hyphen_ and two capitals."--_G. Brown._ "He also wrote _European_
without a capital."--_Id._ "They profess themselves to be _Pharisees_, who
are to be heard and not imitated."--_Calvin cor._ "Dr. Webster wrote both
_Newhaven_ and _New York_ with single capitals."--_G. Brown_. "_Gay Head_,
the west point of Martha's Vineyard."--_Williams cor._ "Write _Crab
Orchard, Egg Harbour, Long Island, Perth Amboy, West Hampton, Little
Compton, New Paltz, Crown Point, Fell's Point, Sandy Hook, Port Penn, Port
Royal, Porto Bello_, and _Porto Rico_.'"--_G. Brown._ "Write the names of
the months: _January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August,
September, October, November, December_."--_Id._ "Write the following names
and words properly: _Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday,
Saturn;--Christ, Christian, Christmas, Christendom, Michaelmas, Indian,
Bacchanals;--East Hampton, Omega, Johannes, Aonian, Levitical, Deuteronomy,
European_."--_Id._
"Eight _letters_ in some _syllables_ we find,
And no more _syllables_ in _words_ are join'd."--_Brightland cor._
CHAPTER II.--OF SYLLABLES.
CORRECTIONS OF FALSE SYLLABICATION.
LESSON I.--CONSONANTS.
1. Correction of _Murray_, in words of two syllables: civ-il, col-our,
cop-y, dam-ask, doz-en, ev-er, feath-er, gath-er, heav-en, heav-y, hon-ey,
lem-on, lin-en, mead-ow, mon-ey, nev-er, ol-ive, or-ange, oth-er,
pheas-ant, pleas-ant, pun-ish, rath-er, read-y, riv-er, rob-in, schol-ar,
shov-el, stom-ach, tim-id, whith-er.
2. Correction of _Murray_, in words of three syllables: ben-e-fit,
cab-i-net, can-is-ter, cat-a-logue, char-ac-ter, char-i-ty, cov-et-ous,
dil-i-gence, dim-i-ty, el-e-phant, ev-i-dent, ev-er-green, friv-o-lous,
gath-er-ing, gen-er-ous, gov-ern-ess, gov-ern-or, hon-est-y, kal-en-dar,
lav-en-der, lev-er-et, lib-er-al, mem-or-y, min-is-ter, mod-est-ly,
nov-el-ty, no-bod-y, par-a-dise, pov-er-ty, pres-ent-ly, prov-i-dence,
prop-er-ly, pris-on-er, rav-en-ous, sat-is-fy, sev-er-al, sep-ar-ate,
trav-el-ler, vag-a-bond;--con-sid-er, con-tin-ue, de-liv-er, dis-cov-er,
dis-fig-ure, dis-hon-est, dis-trib-ute, in-hab-it, me-chan-ic,
what-ev-er;--rec-om-mend, ref-u-gee, rep-ri-mand.
3. Correction of _Murray_, in words of four syllables: cat-er-pil-lar,
char-i-ta-ble, dil-i-gent-ly, mis-er-a-ble, prof-it-a-ble,
tol-er-a-ble;--be-nev-o-lent, con-sid-er-ate, di-min-u-tive, ex-per-i-ment,
ex-trav-a-gant, in-hab-i-tant, no-bil-i-ty, par-tic-u-lar, pros-per-i-ty,
ri-dic-u-lous, sin-cer-i-ty;--dem-on-stra-tion, ed-u-ca-tion, em-u-la-tion,
ep-i-dem-ic, mal-e-fac-tor, man-u-fac-ture, mem-o-ran-dum, mod-er-a-tor,
par-a-lyt-ic, pen-i-ten-tial, res-ig-na-tion, sat-is-fac-tion,
sem-i-co-lon.
4. Correction of _Murray_, in words of five syllables: a-bom-i-na-ble,
a-poth-e-ca-ry, con-sid-er-a-ble, ex-plan-a-to-ry, pre-par-a-to-ry;--
ac-a-dem-i-cal, cu-ri-os-i-ty, ge-o-graph-i-cal, man-u-fac-tor-y,
sat-is-fac-tor-y, mer-i-to-ri-ous;--char-ac-ter-is-tic, ep-i-gram-mat-ic,
ex-per-i-ment-al, pol-y-syl-la-ble, con-sid-er-a-tion.
5. Correction of _Murray_, in the division of proper names: Hel-en,
Leon-ard, Phil-ip, Rob-ert, Hor-ace, Thom-as;--Car-o-line, Cath-a-rine,
Dan-i-el, Deb-o-rah, Dor-o-thy, Fred-er-ick, Is-a-bel, Jon-a-than, Lyd-i-a,
Nich-o-las, Ol-i-ver, Sam-u-el, Sim-e-on, Sol-o-mon, Tim-o-thy,
Val-en-tine;--A-mer-i-ca, Bar-thol-o-mew, E-liz-a-beth, Na-than-i-el,
Pe-nel-o-pe, The-oph-i-lus.
LESSON II.--MIXED EXAMPLES.
1. Correction of _Webster_, by Rule 1st:--ca-price, e-steem, dis-e-steem,
o-blige;--a-zure, ma-tron, pa-tron, pha-lanx, si-ren, trai-tor, tren-cher,
bar-ber, bur-nish, gar-nish, tar-nish, var-nish, mar-ket, mus-ket,
pam-phlet;--bra-ver-y, kna-ver-y, sla-ver-y, e-ven-ing, sce-ner-y,
bri-ber-y, ni-ce-ty, chi-ca-ner-y, ma-chin-er-y, im-a-ger-y;--a-sy-lum,
ho-ri-zon,--fin-an-cier, her-o-ism, sar-do-nyx, scur-ri-lous,--co-me-di-an,
pos-te-ri-or.
2. Correction of _Webster_, by Rule 2d: o-yer, fo-li-o, ge-ni-al, ge-ni-us,
ju-ni-or, sa-ti-ate, vi-ti-ate;--am-bro-si-a, cha-me-_le_-on, par-he-li-on,
con-ve-ni-ent, in-ge-ni-ous, om-nis-ci-ence, pe-cu-li-ar, so-ci-a-ble,
par-ti-al-i-ty, pe-cu-ni-a-ry;--an-nun-ci-ate, e-nun-ci-ate, ap-pre-ci-ate,
as-so-ci-ate, ex-pa-ti-ate, in-gra-ti-ate, in-i-ti-ate, li-cen-ti-ate,
ne-go-ti-ate, no-vi-ti-ate, of-fi-ci-ate, pro-pi-ti-ate, sub-stan-ti-ate.
3. Correction of _Cobb_ and _Webster_, by each other, under Rule 3d:
"dress-er, hast-y, past-ry, seiz-ure, roll-er, jest-er, weav-er, vamp-er,
hand-y, dross-y, gloss-y, mov-er, mov-ing, ooz-y, full-er, trust-y,
weight-y, nois-y, drows-y, swarth-y."--_Webster_. Again: "east-ern, ful-ly,
pul-let, ril-let, scant-y, need-y."--_Cobb._
4. Correction of _Webster_ and _Cobb_, under Rule 4th: a-wry, a-thwart,
pros-pect-ive, pa-ren-the-sis, re-sist-i-bil-i-ty, hem-i-spher-ic,
mon-o-stich, hem-i-stich, to-wards.
5. Correction of the words under Rule 5th; Eng-land, an oth-er,[524]
Beth-es-da, Beth-ab-a-ra.
LESSON III.--MIXED EXAMPLES.
1. Correction of _Cobb_, by Rule 3d: bend-er, bless-ing, brass-y, chaff-y,
chant-er, clasp-er, craft-y, curd-y, fend-er, film-y, fust-y, glass-y,
graft-er, grass-y, gust-y, hand-ed, mass-y, musk-y, rust-y, swell-ing,
tell-er, test-ed, thrift-y, vest-ure.
2. Corrections of _Webster_, mostly by Rule 1st: bar-ber, bur-nish,
bris-ket, can-ker, char-ter, cuc-koo, fur-nish, gar-nish, guilt-y, han-ker,
lus-ty, por-tal, tar-nish, tes-tate, tes-ty, trai-tor, trea-ty, var-nish,
ves-tal, di-ur-nal, e-ter-nal, in-fer-nal, in-ter-nal, ma-ter-nal,
noc-tur-nal, pa-ter-nal.
3. Corrections of _Webster_, mostly by Rule 1st: ar-mor-y, ar-ter-y,
_butch-er-y_, cook-er-y, eb-on-y, em-er-y, ev-er-y, fel-on-y, fop-per-y,
frip-per-y, gal-ler-y, his-tor-y, liv-er-y, lot-ter-y, mock-er-y,
_mys-ter-y_,[525] nun-ner-y, or-rer-y, pil-lor-y, quack-er-y, sor-cer-y,
witch-er-y.
4. Corrections of _Cobb_, mostly by Rule 1st: an-kle, bas-ket, blan-ket,
buc-kle, cac-kle, cran-kle, crin-kle, Eas-ter, fic-kle, frec-kle, knuc-kle,
mar-ket, mon-key, por-tress, pic-kle, poul-tice, pun-cheon, quad-rant,
quad-rate, squad-ron, ran-kle, shac-kle, sprin-kle, tin-kle, twin-kle,
wrin-kle.
5. Corrections of _Emerson_, by Rules 1st and 3d: as-cribe, blan-dish,
branch-y, cloud-y, dust-y, drear-y, e-ven-ing, fault-y, filth-y, frost-y,
gaud-y, gloom-y, health-y, heark-en, heart-y, hoar-y, leak-y, loun-ger,
marsh-y, might-y, milk-y, naught-y, pass-ing, pitch-er, read-y, rock-y,
speed-y, stead-y, storm-y, thirst-y, thorn-y, trust-y, vest-ry, west-ern,
wealth-y.
CHAPTER III.--OF WORDS.
CORRECTIONS RESPECTING THE FIGURE, OR FORM, OF WORDS.
RULE I.--COMPOUNDS.
"Professing to imitate Timon, the _manhater_."--_Goldsmith corrected_. "Men
load hay with a _pitchfork._"--_Webster cor._ "A _peartree_ grows from the
seed of a pear."--_Id._ "A _toothbrush_ is good to brush your
teeth."--_Id._ "The mail is opened at the _post-office_."--_Id._ "The error
seems to me _twofold_."--_Sanborn cor._ "To _preengage_ means to engage
_beforehand_."--_Webster cor._ "It is a mean act to deface the figures on a
_milestone_."--_Id._ "A grange is a farm, _with its farm- house_."--_Id._
"It is no more right to steal apples or _watermelons_, than [to steal]
money."--_Id._ "The awl is a tool used by shoemakers and
_harness-makers_."--_Id._ "_Twenty-five_ cents are equal to one quarter of
a dollar."--_Id._ "The _blowing-up_ of the Fulton at New York, was a
terrible disaster."--_Id._ "The elders also, and the _bringers-up_ of the
children, sent to Jehu."--ALGER, FRIENDS, ET AL.: _2 Kings_, x, 5. "Not
with _eyeservice_ as _menpleasers_."--_Col._, iii, 22. "A _good-natured_
and equitable construction of cases."--_Ash cor._ "And purify your hearts,
ye _double-minded_."--_James_, iv, 8. "It is a _mean-spirited_ action to
steal; i.e., To steal is a _mean-spirited_ action."--_A. Murray cor._
"There is, indeed, one form of orthography which is _akin_ to the
subjunctive mood of the Latin tongue."--_Booth cor._ "To bring him into
nearer connexion with real and _everyday_ life."--_Philological Museum_,
Vol. i, p. 459. "The _commonplace_, stale declamation of its revilers would
be silenced."--_Id. cor._ "She [Cleopatra] formed a very singular and
_unheard-of_ project."--_Goldsmith cor._ "He [William Tell] had many
vigilant, though _feeble-talented_ and _mean-spirited_ enemies."--_R. Vaux
cor._ "These _old-fashioned_ people would level our psalmody,"
&c.--_Gardiner cor._ "This _slow-shifting_ scenery in the theatre of
harmony."--_Id._ "So we are assured from Scripture _itself_."--_Harris
cor._ "The mind, being disheartened, then betakes _itself_ to
trifling."--_R. Johnson cor._ "_Whosesoever_ sins ye remit, they are
remitted unto them."--_Bible cor._ "Tarry we _ourselves_ how we will."--_W.
Walker cor._ "Manage your credit so, that you need neither swear
_yourself_, nor seek a voucher."--_Collier cor._ "Whereas song never
conveys any of the _abovenamed_ sentiments."--_Dr. Rush cor._ "I go on
_horseback_."--_Guy cor._ "This requires purity, in opposition to
barbarous, obsolete, or _new-coined words_."--_Adam cor._ "May the
_ploughshare_ shine."--_White cor._ "_Whichever_ way we consider
it."--_Locke cor._
"_Where'er_ the silent _e_ a _place_ obtains,
The _voice_ foregoing, _length_ and softness gains."--_Brightland cor._
RULE II.--SIMPLES.
"It qualifies any of the four parts of speech _above named_."--_Kirkham
cor._ "After _a while_ they put us out among the rude multitude."--_Fox
cor._ "It would be a _shame_, if your mind should falter and give
in."--_Collier cor._ "They stared _a while_ in silence one upon _an
other_."--_Johnson cor._ "After passion has for _a while_ exercised its
tyrannical sway."--_Murray cor._ "Though set within the same _general
frame_ of intonation."--_Rush cor._ "Which do not carry any of the natural
_vocal signs_ of expression."--_Id._ "The measurable _constructive powers_
of a few associable constituents."--_Id._ "Before each accented syllable or
emphatic _monosyllabic word_."--_Id._ "One should not think too favourably
of _one's self_."--_Murray's Gram._, i, 154. "Know ye not your _own
selves_, how that Jesus Christ is in you?"--_2 Cor._, xiii, 5. "I judge not
my _own self_, for I know nothing of my _own self_."--See _1 Cor._, iv, 3.
"Though they were in such a rage, I desired them to tarry _a
while_."--_Josephus cor._ "_A, in stead_ of _an_, is now used before words
beginning with _u_ long."--_Murray cor._ "John will have earned his wages
_by_ next _new year's_ day."--_Id._ "A _new year's gift_ is a present made
on the first day of the year."--_Johnson et al. cor._ "When he sat on the
throne, distributing _new year's gifts_."--_Id._ "St. Paul admonishes
Timothy to refuse _old wives' fables_."--See _1 Tim._, iv, 7. "The world,
take it _all together_, is but one."--_Collier cor._ "In writings of this
stamp, we must accept of sound _in stead_ of sense."--_Murray cor._ "A
_male_ child, a _female_ child; _male_ descendants, _female_
descendants."--_Goldsbury et al. cor._ "_Male_ servants, _female_ servants;
_male_ relations, _female_ relations."--_Felton cor._
"Reserved and cautious, with no partial aim,
My muse e'er sought to blast _an other's_ fame."--_Lloyd cor._
RULE III.--THE SENSE.
"Our discriminations of this matter have been but _four-footed_
instincts."--_Rush cor._ "He is in the right, (says Clytus,) not to bear
_free-born_ men at his table."--_Goldsmith cor._ "To the _short-seeing_ eye
of man, the progress may appear little."--_The Friend cor._ "Knowledge and
virtue are, emphatically, the _stepping-stones_ to individual
distinction."--_Town cor._ "A _tin-peddler_ will sell tin vessels as he
travels."--_Webster cor._ "The beams of a _wooden house_ are held up by the
posts and joists."--_Id._ "What you mean by _future-tense_ adjective, I can
easily understand."--_Tooke cor._ "The town has been for several days very
_well-behaved_."--_Spectator cor._ "A _rounce_ is the handle of a
_printing-press_."--_Webster cor._ "The phraseology [which] we call
_thee-and-thouing_ [or, better, _thoutheeing_,] is not in so common use
with us, as the _tutoyant_ among the French."--_Walker cor._ "Hunting and
other _outdoor_ sports, are generally pursued."--_Balbi cor._ "Come unto
me, all ye that labor and are _heavy-laden_."--_Scott et al. cor._ "God so
loved the world, that he gave his _only-begotten_ Son to save it."--See
ALGER'S BIBLE, and FRIENDS': _John_, iii, 16. "Jehovah is a
_prayer-hearing_ God: Nineveh repented, and was spared."--_Observer cor._
"These are _well-pleasing_ to God, in all ranks and relations."--_Barclay
cor._ "Whosoever cometh _anything_ near unto the tabernacle."--_Bible cor._
"The words coalesce, when they have a _long-established_
association."--_Mur. cor._ "Open to me the gates of righteousness: I will
go _into_ them."--MODERN BIBLE: _Ps_. cxviii, 19. "He saw an angel of God
coming _in to_ him."--_Acts_, x, 3. "The consequences of any action are to
be considered in a _twofold_ light."--_Wayland cor._ "We commonly write
_twofold, threefold, fourfold_, and so on up to _tenfold_, without a
hyphen; and, after that, we use one."--_G. Brown_. "When the first mark is
going off, he cries, _Turn_! the _glassholder_ answers, _Done_!"--_Bowditch
cor._ "It is a kind of familiar _shaking-hands_ (or _shaking of hands_)
with all the vices."--_Maturin cor._ "She is a _good-natured_
woman;"--"James is _self-opinionated_;"--"He is _broken-hearted_."--_Wright
cor._ "These three examples apply to the _present-tense_ construction
only."--_Id._ "So that it was like a game of _hide-and-go-seek_."--_Gram.
cor._
"That lowliness is young ambition's ladder,
Whereto the _climber-upward_ turns his face."--_Shak._
RULE IV.--ELLIPSES.
"This building serves yet for a _schoolhouse_ and a meeting-house."--_G.
Brown_. "Schoolmasters and _schoolmistresses, if_ honest friends, are to be
encouraged."--_Discip. cor._ "We never assumed to ourselves a
_faith-making_ or a _worship-making_ power."--_Barclay cor._ "_Potash_ and
_pearlash_ are made from common ashes."--_Webster cor._ "Both the
_ten-syllable_ and the _eight-syllable_ verses are iambics."--_Blair cor._
"I say to myself, thou _say'st to thyself_, he says to _himself_,
&c."--_Dr. Murray cor._ "Or those who have esteemed themselves _skillful_,
have tried for the mastery in _two-horse_ or _four-horse_ chariots."--_Ware
cor._ "I remember him barefooted and _bareheaded_, running through the
streets."--_Edgeworth cor._ "Friends have the entire control of the
_schoolhouse_ and _dwelling-house_." Or:--"of the _schoolhouses_ and
_dwelling-houses_" Or:--"of the _schoolhouse_ and the _dwelling-houses_"
Or:--"of the _schoolhouses_ and the _dwelling-house_." Or:--"of the
_school_, and _of the dwelling-houses_." [For the sentence here to be
corrected is so ambiguous, that any of these may have been the meaning
intended by it.]--_The Friend cor._ "The meeting is held at the
_first-mentioned_ place in _Firstmonth_; at the _last-mentioned_, in
_Secondmonth_; and so on."--_Id._ "Meetings for worship are held, at the
same hour, on _Firstday_ and _Fourthday_." Or:--"on _Firstdays_ and
_Fourthdays_."--_Id._ "Every part of it, inside and _outside_, is covered
with gold leaf."--_Id._ "The Eastern Quarterly Meeting is held on the last
_Seventhday_ in _Secondmonth, Fifthmonth, Eighthmonth_, and
_Eleventhmonth_."--_Id._ "Trenton Preparative Meeting is held on the third
_Fifthday_ in each month, at ten o'clock; meetings for worship [are held,]
at the same hour, on _Firstdays_ and _Fifthdays_."--_Id._ "Ketch, a vessel
with two masts, a _mainmast_ and _a mizzenmast_."--_Webster cor._ "I only
mean to suggest a doubt, whether nature has enlisted herself [either] as a
_Cis-Atlantic_ or [as a] _Trans-Atlantic_ partisan."--_Jefferson cor._ "By
large hammers, like those used for _paper-mills_ and _fulling-mills_, they
beat their hemp."--_Johnson cor._ "ANT-HILL, or ANT-HILLOCK, n. A small
_protuberance_ of earth, _formed_ by ants, _for_ their _habitation_."--
_Id._ "It became necessary to substitute simple indicative terms called
_pronames_ or _pronouns_."
"Obscur'd, where highest woods, impenetrable
To _light of star or sun_, their umbrage spread."--_Milton cor._
RULE V.--THE HYPHEN.
"_Evil-thinking_; a noun, compounded of the noun _evil_ and the imperfect
participle _thinking_; singular number;" &c.--_Churchill cor._
"_Evil-speaking_; a noun, compounded of the noun _evil_ and the imperfect
participle _speaking_."--_Id._ "I am a tall, _broad-shouldered_, impudent,
black fellow."--_Spect_, or _Joh. cor._ "Ingratitude! thou _marble-hearted_
fiend."--_Shak_. or _Joh. cor._ "A popular _license_ is indeed the
_many-headed_ tyranny."--_Sydney_ or _Joh. cor._ "He from the
_many-peopled_ city flies."--_Sandys_ or _Joh. cor._ "He _many-languaged_
nations has surveyed."--_Pope_ or _Joh. cor._ "The _horse-cucumber_ is the
large green cucumber, and the best for the table."--_Mort_. or _Joh. cor._
"The bird of night did sit, even at _noon-day_, upon the
market-place."--_Shak_. or _Joh. cor._ "These make a general
_gaol-delivery_ of souls not for punishment."--_South_ or _Joh. cor._ "Thy
air, thou other _gold-bound_ brow, is like the first."--_Shak_. or _Joh.
cor._ "His person was deformed to the highest degree; _flat-nosed_ and
_blobber-lipped_."--_L'Estr._ or _Joh. cor._ "He that defraudeth the
labourer of his hire, is a _blood-shedder_."--_Ecclus._, xxxiv, 22.
"_Bloody-minded, adj._, from _bloody_ and _mind_; Cruel, inclined to
_bloodshed_."--_Johnson cor._ "_Blunt-witted_ lord, ignoble in
demeanour."--_Shak_. or _Joh. cor._ "A young fellow, with a _bob-wig_ and a
black silken bag tied to it."--_Spect_. or _Joh. cor._ "I have seen enough
to confute all the _bold-faced_ atheists of this age."--_Bramhall_ or _Joh.
cor._ "Before _milk-white_, now purple with love's wound."--_Joh. Dict., w.
Bolt_. "For what else is a _red-hot_ iron than fire? and what else is a
burning coal than _red-hot_ wood?"--_Newton_ or _Joh. cor._ "_Poll-evil_ is
a large swelling, inflammation, or imposthume, in the horse's poll, or nape
of the neck, just between the ears."--_Far_. or _Joh. cor._
"Quick-witted, _brazen-fac'd_, with fluent tongues,
Patient of labours, and dissembling wrongs."--_Dryden cor._
RULE VI.--NO HYPHEN.
"From his fond parent's eye a _teardrop_ fell."--_Snelling cor._ "How
great, poor _jackdaw_, would thy sufferings be!"--_Id._ "Placed, like a
_scarecrow_ in a field of corn."--_Id._ "Soup for the almshouse at a cent a
quart."--_Id._ "Up into the _watchtower_ get, and see all things despoiled
of fallacies."--_Donne_ or _Joh. cor._ "In the _daytime_ she [Fame] sitteth
in a _watchtower_, and flieth most by night."--_Bacon_ or _Joh. cor._ "The
moral is the first business of the poet, as being the _groundwork_ of his
instruction."--_Dryd._ or _Joh. cor._ "Madam's own hand the _mousetrap_
baited."--_Prior_ or _Joh. cor._ "By the sinking of the _airshaft_, the air
_has_ liberty to circulate."--_Ray_ or _Joh. cor._ "The multiform and
amazing operations of the _airpump_ and the loadstone."--_Watts_ or _Joh.
cor._ "Many of the _firearms_ are named from animals."--_Johnson cor._ "You
might have trussed him and all his apparel into an _eelskin_"--_Shak_. or
_Joh. cor._ "They may serve as _landmarks_, to show what lies in the direct
way of truth."--_Locke_ or _Joh. cor._ "A _packhorse_ is driven constantly
in a narrow lane and dirty road."--_Locke_ or _Joh. cor._ "A _millhorse_,
still bound to go in one circle."--_Sidney_ or _Joh. cor._ "Of singing
birds, they have linnets, _goldfinches_, ruddocks, _Canary birds,
blackbirds_, thrushes, and divers others."--_Carew_ or _Joh. cor._
"Cartridge, a case of paper or parchment filled with _gunpowder_; [or,
rather, containing the _entire charge_ of a gun]."--_Joh. cor._
"Deep night, dark night, the silent of the night,
The time of night when Troy was set on fire,
The time when _screechowls_ cry, and _bandogs_ howl."
SHAKSPEARE: _in Johnson's Dict., w. Screechowl_.
PROMISCUOUS CORRECTIONS IN THE FIGURE OF WORDS.
LESSON I.--MIXED EXAMPLES.
"They that live in _glass houses_, should not throw stones."--_Adage_. "If
a man profess Christianity in any manner or form _whatsoever_."--_Watts
cor._ "For Cassius is _aweary_ of the world." Better: "For Cassius is
_weary_ of the world."--_Shak. cor._ "By the _coming-together_ of more, the
chains were fastened on."--_W. Walker cor._ "Unto the _carrying-away_ of
Jerusalem captive in the fifth month."--_Bible cor._ "And the
_goings-forth_ of the border shall be to Zedad."--_Id._ "And the
_goings-out_ of it shall be at _Hazar Enan_."--See _Walker's Key_ "For the
_taking-place_ of effects, in a certain particular series."--_West cor._
"The _letting-go_ of which was the _occasion_ of all that
corruption."--_Owen cor._ "A _falling-off_ at the end, is always
injurious."--_Jamieson cor._ "As all _holdings-forth_ were courteously
supposed to be trains of reasoning."--_Dr. Murray cor._ "Whose
_goings-forth_ have been from of old, from everlasting."--_Bible cor._
"_Sometimes_ the adjective becomes a substantive."--_Bradley cor._ "It is
very plain, _that_ I consider man as visited _anew_."--_Barclay cor._ "Nor
do I _anywhere say_, as he falsely insinuates."--_Id._ "_Everywhere,
anywhere, elsewhere, somewhere, nowhere_"--_L. Murray's Gram._, Vol. i, p.
115. "The world hurries off apace, and time is like a rapid
river."--_Collier cor._ "But to _new-model_ the paradoxes of ancient
skepticism."--_Dr. Brown cor._ "The _southeast_ winds from the ocean
invariably produce rain."--_Webster cor._ "_Northwest_ winds from the
_highlands_ produce cold clear weather."--_Id._ "The greatest part of such
tables would be of little use to _Englishmen_."--_Priestley cor._ "The
_ground-floor_ of the east wing of _Mulberry-street_ meeting-house was
filled."--_The Friend cor._ "Prince Rupert's Drop. This singular production
is made at the _glasshouses_."--_Barnes cor._
"The lights and shades, whose _well-accorded_ strife
Gives all the strength and colour of our life."--_Pope_.
LESSON II.--MIXED EXAMPLES.
"In the _twenty-seventh_ year of Asa king of Judah, did Zimri reign seven
days in Tirzah."--_Bible cor._ "In the _thirty-first_ year of Asa king of
Judah, began Omri to reign over Israel."--_Id._ "He cannot so deceive
himself as to fancy that he is able to do a _rule-of-three_ sum."
Better--"_a sum in the rule of three_."--_Qr. Rev. cor._ "The best cod are
those known under the name of _Isle-of-Shoals dun-fish_."--_Balbi cor._
"The soldiers, with _downcast eyes_, seemed to beg for mercy."--_Goldsmith
cor._ "His head was covered with a coarse, _wornout_ piece of
cloth."--_Id._ "Though they had lately received a reinforcement of a
thousand _heavy-armed_ Spartans."--_Id._ "But he laid them by unopened;
and, with a smile, said, 'Business _to-morrow_.'"--_Id._ "Chester _Monthly
Meeting_ is held at _Moorestown, on_ the _Thirdday_ following the second
_Secondday_"--_The Friend cor._ "Eggharbour _Monthly Meeting_ is held _on_
the first _Secondday_."--_Id._ "_Little-Eggharbour_ Monthly Meeting is held
at Tuckerton on the second _Fifthday_ in each month."--_Id._ "At three
o'clock, on _Firstday_ morning, the 24th of _Eleventhmonth_, 1834,"
&c.--_Id._ "In less than _one fourth_ part of the time usually
devoted."--_Kirkham cor._ "The pupil will not have occasion to use it _one
tenth_ part _so_ much."--_Id._ "The painter dips his _paintbrush_ in paint,
to paint the carriage."--_Id._ "In an ancient English version of the _New
Testament_."--_Id._ "The little boy was _bareheaded_."--_Red Book cor._
"The man, being a little _short-sighted_, did not immediately know
him."--_Id._ "_Picture-frames_ are gilt with gold."--_Id._ "The
_parkkeeper_ killed one of the deer."--_Id._ "The fox was killed near the
_brickkiln_."--_Id._ "Here comes Esther, with her _milkpail_"--_Id._ "The
_cabinet-maker_ would not tell us."--_Id._ "A fine _thorn-hedge_ extended
along the edge of the hill."--_Id._ "If their private interests should be
_everso_ little affected."--_Id._ "Unios are _fresh-water_ shells, vulgarly
called _fresh-water_ clams."--_Id._
"Did not each poet mourn his luckless doom,
Jostled by pedants out of _elbow-room_."--_Lloyd cor._
LESSON III.--MIXED EXAMPLES.
"The captive hovers _a while_ upon the sad remains."--_Johnson cor._
"Constantia saw that the _hand-writing_ agreed with the contents of the
letter."--_Id._ "They have put me in a silk _night-gown_, and a gaudy
_foolscap_"--_Id._ "Have you no more manners than to rail at Hocus, that
has saved that clod-pated, _numb-skulled ninny-hammer_ of yours from ruin,
and all his family?"--_Id._ "A noble, (that is, six shillings and _eight
pence_,) is [paid], and usually hath been paid."--_Id._ "The king of birds,
_thick-feathered_, and with full-summed wings, fastened his talons east and
west."--_Id._ "_To-morrow_. This--supposing _morrow_ to mean _morning_, as
it did originally--is an idiom of the same kind as _to-night,
to-day_."--_Johnson cor._ "To-day goes away, and to-morrow comes."--_Id._
"Young children, who are tried in _Gocarts_, to keep their steps from
sliding."--_Id._ "Which, followed well, would demonstrate them but
_goers-backward_"--_Id._ "Heaven's _golden-winged_ herald late he saw, to a
poor Galilean virgin sent."--_Id._ "My _pent-house eyebrows_ and my shaggy
beard offend your sight."--_Id._ "The hungry lion would fain have been
dealing with good _horseflesh_."--_Id._ "A _broad-brimmed_ hat ensconsed
each careful head."--_Snelling cor._ "With harsh vibrations of his
_three-stringed lute_."--_Id._ "They magnify a _hundred-fold_ an author's
merit."--_Id._ "I'll nail them fast to some _oft-opened_ door."--_Id._
"Glossed over only with _saintlike_ show, still thou art bound to
vice."--_Johnson's Dict., w. Saintlike_. "Take of aqua-fortis two ounces,
of _quicksilver_ two drachms."--_Id. cor._ "This rainbow never appears but
when it rains in the _sunshine_."--_Id. cor._
"Not but there are, who merit other palms;
Hopkins and _Sternhold_ glad the heart with _psalms_."--_Pope_.
CHAPTER IV.--OF SPELLING.
CORRECTIONS OF FALSE SPELLING.
RULE I.--FINAL F, L, OR S.
"He _will_ observe the moral law, in _his_ conduct."--_Webster corrected_.
"A _cliff_ is a steep bank, or a precipitous rock."--_Walker cor._ "A needy
man's budget is _full_ of schemes."--_Maxim cor._ "Few large publications,
in this country, _will_ pay a printer."--_N. Webster cor._ "I _shall_, with
cheerfulness, resign my other papers to oblivion."--_Id._ "The proposition
_was_ suspended _till_ the next session of the legislature."--_Id._
"Tenants for life _will_ make the most of lands for themselves."--_Id._
"While every thing _is_ left to lazy negroes, a state _will_ never be
_well_ cultivated."--_Id._ "The heirs of the original proprietors _still_
hold the soil."--_Id._ "Say my annual profit on money loaned _shall_ be
six per cent."--_Id._ "No man would submit to the drudgery of business, if
he could make money _as_ fast by lying _still_."--_Id._ "A man may _as
well_ feed himself with a bodkin, _as_ with a knife of the present
fashion."--_Id._ "The clothes _will_ be ill washed, the food _will_ be
badly cooked; you _will_ be ashamed of your wife, if she _is_ not ashamed
of herself."--_Id._ "He _will_ submit to the laws of the state while he
_is_ a member of it."--_Id._ "But _will_ our sage writers on law forever
think by tradition?"--_Id._ "Some _still_ retain a sovereign power in their
territories."--_Id._ "They _sell_ images, prayers, the sound of _bells_,
remission of sins, &c."--_Perkins cor._ "And the law had sacrifices offered
every day, for the sins of _all_ the people."--_Id._ "Then it may please
the Lord, they _shall_ find it to be a restorative."--_Id._ "Perdition is
repentance put _off till_ a future day."--_Maxim cor._ "The angels of God,
who _will_ good and cannot _will_ evil, have nevertheless perfect liberty
of _will_."--_Perkins cor._ "Secondly, this doctrine cuts off the excuse of
_all_ sin."--_Id._ "_Knell_, the sound of a bell rung at a
funeral."--_Dict. cor._
"If gold with _dross_ or grain with _chaff_ you find,
Select--and leave the _chaff_ and _dross_ behind."--_G. Brown_.
RULE II.--OTHER FINALS.
"The _mob_ hath many heads, but no brains."--_Maxim cor._ "_Clam_; to clog
with any glutinous or viscous matter."--See _Webster's Dict._ "_Whur_; to
pronounce the letter _r_ with too much force." "_Flip_; a mixed liquor,
consisting of beer and spirit sweetened." "_Glyn_; a hollow between two
mountains, a glen."--See _Walker's Dict._ "_Lam_, or _belam_; to beat
soundly with a cudgel or bludgeon."--See _Red Book_. "_Bun_; a small cake,
a simnel, a kind of sweet bread."--See _Webster's Dict._ "_Brunet_, or
_Brunette_; a woman with a brown complexion."--See _ib._, and _Scott's
Dict._ "_Wadset_; an ancient tenure or lease of land in the Highlands of
Scotland."--_Webster cor._ "To _dod_ sheep, is to cut the wool away about
their tails."--_Id._ "In aliquem arietare. _Cic._ To run full _butt_ at
one."--_W. Walker cor._ "Neither your policy nor your temper would _permit_
you to kill me."--_Phil. Mu. cor._ "And _admit_ none but his own offspring
to fulfill them."--_Id._ "The _sum_ of all this dispute is, that some make
them Participles."--_R. Johnson cor._ "As the _whistling_ winds, the _buzz_
and _hum_ of insects, the _hiss_ of serpents, the _crash_ of falling
timber."--_Murray's Gram._, p. 331. "_Van_; to winnow, or a fan for
winnowing."--See _Scott_. "Creatures that _buzz_, are very commonly such as
will sting."--_G. Brown_. "_Beg_, buy, or borrow; _but_ beware how yon
find."--_Id._ "It is better to have a house to _let_, than a house to
_get_." "Let not your tongue _cut_ your throat."--_Precept cor._ "A little
_wit_ will save a fortunate man."--_Adage cor._ "There is many a _slip_
'twixt the cup and the _lip_."--_Id._ "Mothers' darlings make but _milksop_
heroes."--_Id._ "One eye-witness is worth _ten_ hearsays."--_Id._
"The judge shall _job_, the bishop bite the town,
And mighty dukes pack cards for half a crown."
POPE: _in Johnson's Dict., w. Job_.
RULE III.--DOUBLING.
"Friz, to curl; _frizzed_, curled; _frizzing_, curling."--_Webster cor._
"The commercial interests served to foster the principles of
_Whiggism_."--_Payne cor._ "Their extreme indolence _shunned_ every species
of labour."--_Robertson cor._ "In poverty and _strippedness_, they attend
their little meetings."--_The Friend cor._ "In guiding and _controlling_
the power you have thus obtained."--_Abbott cor._ "I began, Thou
_begannest_ or _beganst_, He began, &c."--_A. Murray cor._ "Why does
_began_ change its ending; as, I began, Thou _begannest_ or
_beganst_?"--_Id._ "Truth and conscience cannot be _controlled_ by any
methods of coercion."--_Hints cor._ "Dr. Webster _nodded_, when he wrote
_knit, knitter_, and _knitting-needle_, without doubling the _t_."--_G.
Brown_. "A wag should have wit enough to know when other wags are
_quizzing_ him." "_Bonny_; handsome, beautiful, merry."--_Walker cor._
"_Coquettish; practising_ coquetry; after the manner of a jilt."--See
_Worcester_. "_Pottage_; a species of food made of meat and vegetables
boiled to softness in water."--See _Johnson's Dict._ "_Pottager_; (from
_pottage_;) a porringer, a small vessel for children's food." "Compromit,
_compromitted, compromitting_; manumit, manumitted, manumitting."--_Webster
cor._ "_Inferrible_; that may be inferred or deduced from
premises."--_Walker_. "Acids are either solid, liquid, or
_gasseous_."--_Gregory cor._ "The spark will pass through the interrupted
space between the two wires, and explode the _gasses_."--_Id._ "Do we sound
gasses and _gasseous_ like _cases_ and _caseous_? No: they are more like
_glasses_ and _osseous_."--_G. Brown_. "I shall not need here to mention
_Swimming_, when he is of an age able to learn."--_Locke cor._ "Why do
lexicographers spell _thinnish_ and _mannish_ with two Ens, and _dimmish_
and _rammish_ with one Em, each?"--_G. Brown._ "_Gas_ forms the plural
regularly, _gasses_."--_Peirce cor._ "Singular, _gas_; Plural,
_gasses_."--_Clark cor._ "These are contractions from _shedded,
bursted_."--_Hiley cor._ "The Present Tense denotes what is _occurring_ at
the present time."--_Day cor._ "The verb ending in _eth_ is of the solemn
or antiquated style; as, He loveth, He walketh, He _runneth_."--_Davis
cor._
"Thro' Freedom's sons no more remonstrance rings,
Degrading nobles and controlling kings."--_Johnson_.
RULE IV--NO DOUBLING.
"A _bigoted_ and tyrannical clergy will be feared."--See _Johnson, Walker_,
&c. "Jacob _worshiped_ his Creator, leaning on the top of his
staff."--_Murray's Key_, 8vo, p. 165. "For it is all _marvellously_
destitute of interest."--See _Johnson, Walker_, and _Worcester_. "As, box,
boxes; church, churches; lash, lashes; kiss, kisses; rebus,
_rebuses_."--_Murray's Gram._, 8vo, p. 40. "_Gossiping_ and lying go hand
in hand."--See _Webster's Dict., and Worcester's, w. Gossiping_. "The
substance of the Criticisms on the Diversions of Purley was, with singular
industry, _gossiped_ by the present precious Secretary _at_ [of] war, in
Payne the bookseller's shop."--_Tooke's Diversions_, Vol. i, p. 187.
"_Worship_ makes _worshiped, worshiper, worshiping_; _gossip, gossiped,
gossiper, gossiping_; _fillip, filliped, filliper, filliping_."--_Web.
Dict._ "I became as _fidgety_ as a fly in a milk-jug."--See _ib._ "That
enormous error seems to be _riveted_ in popular opinion." "Whose mind is
not _biased_ by personal attachments to a sovereign."--See _ib._ "Laws
against usury originated in a _bigoted_ prejudice against the
Jews."--_Webster cor._ "The most _critical_ period of life is usually
between thirteen and seventeen."--_Id._ "_Generalissimo_, the chief
commander of an army or military force."--_Every Dict._ "_Tranquilize_, to
quiet, to make calm and peaceful."--_Webster's Dict._ "_Pommelled_, beaten,
bruised; having pommels, as a sword-hilt."--_Webster et al. cor._ "From
what a height does a _jeweller_ look down upon his shoemaker!"--_Red Book
cor._ "You will have a verbal account from my friend and fellow
_traveller_."--_Id._ "I observe that you have written the word _counselled_
with one _l_ only."--_Ib._ "They were offended at such as _combated_ these
notions."--_Robertson cor._ "From _libel_, come _libelled, libeller,
libelling, libellous_; from _grovel, grovelled, groveller, grovelling_;
from _gravel, gravelled_, and _gravelling_."--_Webster cor._ "_Woolliness_,
the state of being woolly."--_Worcester's Dict._ "Yet he has spelled
chapelling, bordeller, _medalist, metaline, metalist, metalize_,
clavellated, etc, with _ll_, contrary to his rule."--_Webster cor._ "Again,
he has spelled _cancellation_ and _snivelly_ with single _l_, and
cupellation, pannellation wittolly, with _ll_."--_Id._ "_Oily_, fatty,
greasy, containing oil, glib."--_Walker cor._ "_Medalist_, one curious in
medals; _Metalist_, one skilled in metals."--_Walker's Rhym. Dict._ "He is
_benefited_."--_Webster_. "They _travelled_ for pleasure."--_Clark cor._
"Without you, what were man? A _grovelling_ herd,
In darkness, wretchedness, and want enchain'd."--_Beattle cor._
RULE V.--FINAL CK.
"He hopes, therefore, to be pardoned by the _critic_."--_Kirkham
corrected_. "The leading object of every _public_ speaker should be, to
persuade."--_Id._ "May not four feet be as _poetic_ as five; or fifteen
feet as _poetic_ as fifty?"--_Id._ "Avoid all theatrical trick and
_mimicry_, and especially all _scholastic stiffness_."--_Id._ "No one
thinks of becoming skilled in dancing, or in _music_, or in _mathematics_,
or _in logic_, without long and close application to the subject."--_Id._
"Caspar's sense of feeling, and susceptibility of _metallic_ and _magnetic_
excitement, were also very extraordinary."--_Id._ "Authorship has become a
mania, or, perhaps I should say, an _epidemic_."--_Id._ "What can prevent
this _republic_ from soon raising a literary standard?"--_Id._ "Courteous
reader, you may think me garrulous upon _topics_ quite foreign to the
subject before me."--_Id._ "Of the _Tonic, Subtonic_, and _Atonic_
elements."--_Id._ "The _subtonic_ elements are inferior to the _tonics_, in
all the _emphatic_ and elegant purposes of speech."--_Id._ "The nine
_atonics_ and the three abrupt _subtonics_ cause an interruption to the
continuity of the _syllabic_ impulse." [526]--_Id._ "On _scientific_
principles, conjunctions and prepositions are [_not_] one [and the same]
part of speech."--_Id._ "That some inferior animals should be able to
_mimick_ human articulation, will not seem wonderful."--_L. Murray cor._
"When young, you led a life _monastic_,
And wore a vest _ecclesiastic_;
Now, in your age, you grow _fantastic_."--_Denham's Poems_, p. 235.
RULE VI.--RETAINING.
"_Fearlessness_; exemption from fear, intrepidity."--_Johnson cor._
"_Dreadlessness_; _fearlessness_, intrepidity, undauntedness."--_Id._
"_Regardlessly_, without heed; _Regardlessness_, heedlessness."--_Id._
"_Blamelessly_, innocently; _Blamelessness_, innocence."--_Id._ "That is
better than to be flattered into pride and _carelessness_."--_Id._ "Good
fortunes began to breed a proud _recklessness_ in them."--_Id._ "See
whether he lazily and _listlessly_ dreams away his time."--_Id._ "It maybe,
the palate of the soul is indisposed by _listlessness_ or sorrow."--_Id._
"_Pitilessly_, without mercy; _Pitilessness_, unmercifulness."--_Id._ "What
say you to such as these? abominable, accordable, _agreeable_, etc."--
_Tooke cor._ "_Artlessly_; naturally, sincerely, without craft."--_Johnson
cor._ "A _chillness_, or shivering of the body, generally precedes a
fever."--See _Webster_. "_Smallness_; littleness, minuteness,
weakness."--_Walker's Dict., et al._ "_Galless, adj_. Free from gall or
bitterness."--_Webster cor._ "_Tallness_; height of stature, upright length
with comparative slenderness."--_Webster's Dict._ "_Willful_; stubborn,
contumacious, perverse, inflexible."--See _ib._ "He guided them by the
_skillfulness_ of his hands."--See _ib._ "The earth is the Lord's, and the
_fullness_ thereof."--FRIENDS' BIBLE: _Ps_. xxiv, 1. "What is now, is but
an _amassment_ of imaginary conceptions."--_Glanville cor._
"_Embarrassment_; perplexity, entanglement."--_Walker_. "The second is
slothfulness, whereby they are performed slackly and _carelessly_."--
_Perkins cor._ "_Installment_; induction into office, part of a large sum
of money, to be paid at a particular time."--See _Webster's Dict._
"_Inthrallment_; servitude, slavery, bondage."--_Ib._
"I, who at some times spend, at others spare,
Divided between _carelessness_ and care."--_Pope cor._
RULE VII.--RETAINING.
"_Shall_, on the contrary, in the first person, simply
_foretells_."--_Lowth's Gram._, p. 41; _Comly's_, 38; _Cooper's_, 51;
_Lennie's_, 26. "There are a few compound irregular verbs, as _befall,
bespeak_, &c."--_Ash cor._ "That we might frequently _recall_ it to our
memory."--_Calvin cor._ "The angels exercise a constant solicitude that no
evil _befall us_."--_Id._ "_Inthrall_; to enslave, to shackle, to reduce to
servitude."--_Johnson_. "He makes resolutions, and _fulfills_ them by new
ones."--See _Webster_. "To _enroll_ my humble name upon the list of authors
on Elocution."--See _Webster_. "_Forestall_; to anticipate, to take up
beforehand."--_Johnson_. "_Miscall_; to call wrong, to name
improperly."--_Webster_. "_Bethrall_; to enslave, to reduce to
bondage."--_Id._ "_Befall_; to happen to, to come to pass."--_Walkers
Dict._ "_Unroll_; to open what is rolled or convolved."--_Webster's Dict._
"_Counterroll_; to keep copies of accounts to prevent frauds."--See _ib._
"As Sisyphus _uprolls_ a rock, which constantly overpowers him at the
summit."--_G. Brown_. "_Unwell_; not well, indisposed, not in good
health."--_Webster_. "_Undersell_; to defeat by selling for less, to sell
cheaper than an other."--_Johnson_. "_Inwall_; to enclose or fortify with a
wall."--_Id._ "_Twibill_; an instrument with two bills, or with a point and
a blade; a pickaxe, a mattock, a halberd, a battleaxe."--_Dict. cor._ "What
you _miscall_ their folly, is their care."--_Dryden cor._ "My heart will
sigh when I _miscall_ it so."--_Shak. cor._ "But if the arrangement
_recalls_ one set of ideas more readily than an other."--_Murray's Gram._,
Vol. i, p. 334.
"'Tis done; and since 'tis done, 'tis past _recall_
And since 'tis past _recall_, must be forgotten."--_Dryden cor._
RULE VIII.--FINAL LL.
"The righteous is taken away from the _evil_ to come."--_Isaiah_, lvii, 1.
"_Patrol_; to go the rounds in a camp or garrison, to march about and
observe what passes."--See _Joh. Dic._ "_Marshal_; the chief officer of
arms, one who regulates rank and order."--See _ib._ "_Weevil_; a
destructive grub that gets among corn."--See _ib._ "It much _excels_ all
other studies and arts."--_W. Walker cor._ "It is _essential_ to all
magnitudes, to be in one place."--_Perkins cor._ "By nature I was thy
_vassal_, but Christ hath redeemed me."--_Id._ "Some being in want, pray
for _temporal_ blessings."--_Id._ "And this the Lord doth, either in
_temporal_ or _in spiritual_ benefits."--_Id._ "He makes an _idol_ of them,
by setting his heart on them." "This _trial_ by desertion serveth for two
purposes."--_Id._ "Moreover, this destruction is both _perpetual_ and
terrible."--_Id._ "Giving to _several_ men several gifts, according to his
good pleasure." "_Until_; to some time, place, or degree, mentioned."--See
_Dict._ "_Annul_; to make void, to nullify, to abrogate, to abolish."--See
_Dict._ "Nitric acid combined with _argil_, forms the nitrate of
_argil_."--_Gregory cor._
"Let modest Foster, if he will, _excel_
Ten metropolitans in preaching well."--_Pope cor._
RULE IX.--FINAL E.
"Adjectives ending in _able_ signify capacity; as, _comfortable, tenable,
improvable_."--_Priestly cor._ "Their mildness and hospitality are
_ascribable_ to a general administration of religious ordinances."--
_Webster cor._ "Retrench as much as possible without _obscuring_ the
sense."--_J. Brown cor._ "_Changeable_, subject to change; _Unchangeable_,
immutable."--_Walker cor._ "_Tamable_, susceptive of taming; _Untamable_,
not to be tamed."--_Id._ "_Reconcilable, Unreconcilable, Reconcilableness_;
Irreconcilable, Irreconcilably, Irreconcilableness."--_Johnson cor._ "We
have thought it most _advisable_ to pay him some little attention."--
_Merchant cor._ "_Provable_, that may be proved; Reprovable, _blamable_,
worthy of reprehension."--_Walker cor._ "_Movable_ and Immovable, _Movably_
and Immovably, _Movables_ and Removal, _Movableness_ and Improvableness,
_Unremovable_ and Unimprovable, _Unremovably_ and Removable, _Provable_ and
Approvable, _Irreprovable_ and Reprovable, _Unreprovable_ and Improvable,
_Unimprovableness_ and Improvably."--_Johnson cor._ "And with this cruelty
you are _chargeable_ in some measure yourself."--_Collier cor._ "Mothers
would certainly resent it, as _judging_ it proceeded from a low opinion of
the genius of their sex."--_Brit. Gram. cor._ "_Tithable_, subject to the
payment of tithes; _Salable_, vendible, fit for sale; _Losable_, possible
to be lost; _Sizable_, of reasonable bulk or size."--See _Webster's Dict._
"When he began this custom, he was _puting_ and very tender."--_Locke cor._
"The plate, coin, revenues, and _movables_,
Whereof our uncle Gaunt did stand possess'd."--_Shak. cor._
RULE X.--FINAL E.
"_Diversely_; in different ways, differently, variously."--See _Walker's
Dict._ "The event thereof contains a _wholesome_ instruction."--_Bacon
cor._ "Whence Scaliger _falsely_ concluded that Articles were
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