The International Jewish Cook Book
by
Florence Kreisler Greenbaum
Part 5 out of 12
highly recommended, especially if they are tasteless.
PEACH COMPOTE
Pare the fruit, leave it whole and put on to boil with sweetened water.
Add a few cloves (remove the heads), also a stick of cinnamon bark. Boil
the peaches until tender, then take up with a perforated skimmer and lay
them in your fruit dish. Boil the syrup until thick, then pour over the
peaches. Eat cold with sweet cream. Common cheap peaches make a very
nice dessert, cooked in the above manner, clings especially, which
cannot be used to cut up.
COMPOTE OF RASPBERRIES
Make a syrup of half a pound of sugar and half a cup of water, put into
it one quart of berries which have been carefully picked and washed.
Boil up once. Serve cold.
COMPOTE OF PINEAPPLE
Cut off the rind of a pineapple, core and trim out all the eyes. Cut
into desired slices. Set on to boil with half a pound of sugar, and the
juice of one or two tart oranges. When the pineapple is tender and
clear, put into a compote dish and boil the syrup until clear. Pour over
all and cool. The addition of a wineglass of brandy improves this
compote very much.
COMPOTE OF PEARS
It is not necessary to take a fine quality of pears for this purpose.
Pare the fruit, leaving on the stems, and stew in sugar and a very
little water. Flavor with stick cinnamon and a few cloves (take out the
head of each clove) and when soft place each pear carefully on a platter
until cold. Then arrange them nicely in a glass bowl or flat glass dish,
the stems all on the outer rim. Pour over them the sauce, which should
be boiled thick like syrup. Eat cold.
HUCKLEBERRY COMPOTE
Pick over a quart of huckleberries or blueberries, wash them and set to
boil. Do not add any water to them. Sweeten with half a cup of sugar,
and spice with half a teaspoon of cinnamon. Just before removing from
the fire, add a teaspoon of cornstarch which has been wet with a little
cold water. Do this thoroughly in a cup and stir with a teaspoon so as
not to have any lumps in it. Pour into a glass bowl. Eat cold.
RHUBARB SAUCE
Strip the skin off the stalks with care, cut them into small pieces, put
into a saucepan with very little water, and stew slowly until soft.
Sweeten while hot, but do not boil the sugar with the fruit. Eat cold.
Very wholesome.
BAKED RHUBARB
Peel and cut into two-inch lengths three bunches of rhubarb. Dredge with
flour and put in baking dish with one cup of sugar sprinkled over. Bake
in moderate oven three-quarters of an hour. Very nice served hot as a
vegetable, or cold as a sauce.
FIG SAUCE
Stew figs slowly for two hours, until soft; sweeten with loaf sugar,
about two tablespoons to a pound of fruit; add a glass of port or other
wine and a little lemon juice. Serve when cold.
DRIED FRUITS
To cook dried fruits thoroughly they should after careful washing be
soaked overnight. Next morning put them over the fire in the water in
which they have been soaked; bring to a boil; then simmer slowly until
the fruit is thoroughly cooked but not broken. Sweeten to taste. Very
much less sugar will be needed than for fresh fruit.
STEWED PRUNES
Cleanse thoroughly, soak in water ten or twelve hours, adding a little
granulated sugar when putting to soak, for although the fruit is sweet
enough, yet experience has shown that the added sugar changes by
chemical process into fruit sugar and brings out better the flavor of
the fruit. After soaking, the fruit will assume its full size, and is
ready to be simmered on the back of the stove. Do not boil prunes, that
is what spoils them. Simmer, simmer only. Keep lid on. Shake gently, do
not stir, and never let boil. When tender they are ready for table.
Serve cold, and a little cream will make them more delicious. A little
claret or sauterne poured over the prunes just as cooking is finished
adds a flavor relished by many. Added just before simmering, a little
sliced lemon or orange gives a rich color and flavor to the syrup.
BAKED PRUNES
Cook prunes in an earthenware bean pot in the oven. Wash and soak the
prunes and put them in the pot with a very little water; let them cook
slowly for a long time. They will be found delicious, thick and rich,
without any of the objectionable sweetness. Lemon, juice and peel, may
be added if desired.
PRUNES WITHOUT SUGAR
Wash prunes thoroughly, pour boiling water over same and let them stand
for ten minutes. Then drain and pour boiling water over them again; put
in sealed jar; see that prunes are all covered with water. Ready for use
after forty-eight hours. Will keep for a week at a time and the longer
they stand the thicker the syrup gets.
STEAMED PRUNES
Steam until the fruit is swollen to its original size and is tender.
Sprinkle with powdered sugar and squeeze lemon juice over them.
PRUNE SOUFFLE
Remove the pits from a large cup of stewed prunes and chop fine. Add the
whites of three eggs and a half cup of sugar beaten to a stiff froth.
Mix well, turn into a buttered dish and bake thirty minutes in a
moderate oven. Serve with whipped cream. If it is desired to cook this
in individual cups, butter the cups, fill only two-thirds full, to allow
for puffing up of the eggs, and set the cup a in a pan of water to bake.
Some like a dash of cinnamon in this.
SWEET ENTREE OF RIPE PEACHES
Take large, solid peaches, pour boiling water over them so that the skin
may be removed smoothly. Have ready thick syrup made of sugar and water.
When boiling hot add peaches and boil about five minutes; remove and
place in ice chest. When ready to serve have a sweet cracker on dish,
place peach on same and pour over this a raspberry jelly slightly
thinned and cover all with salted almonds or walnuts. Other fruits may
be treated in like manner.
*MEHLSPEISE (FLOUR FOODS)*
NOODLES
Beat three whole eggs very light and sift in sufficient flour to make a
stiff paste. Work until smooth, break off a piece and roll out on board
very thin. Break oft another piece and roll and continue until all is
used. Let rolled-out dough dry, then cut all except one piece in long
strips one inch wide. Fold the one piece in layers and cut very fine
noodles. Boil large noodles in pot of salted boiling water, drain in
colander when tender and stir in two tablespoons of butter. Heat a
tablespoon of butter in the frying-pan and brown fine noodles in this
butter. Sprinkle these over the broad noodles, pour a cup of milk over
the whole and brown in stove. Serve in same dish in which it was baked.
BROAD NOODLES
Make noodles as above and when drained sprinkle with fine noodles which
have been browned in two tablespoons of sweet dripping; serve as a
vegetable. If so desired, a cup of soup stock may be added and noodles
browned in stove. Serve hot.
NOODLES WITH BUTTER
Plunge one pound of noodles into two quarts of boiling water and cook
for fifteen minutes. Drain well, replace in the same pan, season with
one-half teaspoon of salt, two teaspoons of white pepper, adding one
ounce good butter. Gently mix without breaking the noodles until the
butter is thoroughly dissolved, and serve.
NOODLES WITH CHEESE
If you make the noodles at home, use two eggs for the dough; if you buy
macaroni use one-quarter of a pound, cut up and boil in salt water; boil
about fifteen minutes; drain off the water and let cold water run
through them; grate a cup of cheese; melt a piece of fresh butter, about
the size of an egg, in a saucepan, stir in a heaping tablespoon of
flour, add gradually to this a pint of rich milk, stirring constantly;
take from the fire as it thickens. Butter a pudding dish, lay in a layer
of noodles, then cheese, then sauce, then begin with noodles again
until all is used up. Sprinkle cheese on top, a few cracker crumbs and
flakes of butter here and there. Bake until brown.
NOODLES AND APPLES
Peel and cut six apples. Take broad noodles made out of three eggs, boil
them fifteen minutes, drain, then mix with two tablespoons of fresh
butter. Add some cinnamon and sugar to noodles. Put a layer of noodles,
then apples and so on until pan is filled, being careful to have noodles
on top. Put bits of fresh butter on top. Bake until apples are tender.
If so desired, a milchig pie crust may be made and used as an under
crust and when apples are tender and crust done, turn out on a large
platter with crust side on top.
SCALLOPED NOODLES AND PRUNES
Make broad noodles with three eggs. Boil until tender, drain, pouring
cold water through colander. Stew prunes, sprinkle with sugar and
cinnamon. In a well-greased baking-dish place one-quarter of the
noodles, bits of butter or other fat, add one-half of the prunes, then
another layer of the noodles, butter or fat, the remaining prunes, the
rest of the noodles. Pour over the prune juice and spread crumbs over
top and bake in a moderate oven until crumbs are brown.
NOODLES AND MUSHROOMS
Make broad noodles, boil and serve with melted butter spread over the
noodles and this sauce:
Brown a tablespoon of butter in the skillet, add one-half tablespoon of
flour, then liquor of mushrooms, pinch of salt and pepper. When smooth,
add mushrooms. Let boil and serve in a separate dish. When serving, a
spoon of mushrooms is to be put over each portion of noodles.
GEROESTETE FERVELCHEN PFAeRVEL (EGG BARLEY)
Make just as you would a noodle dough, only stiffer, by adding and
working in as much flour as possible and then grate on a coarse grater.
Spread on a large platter to dry; boil one cup of egg barley in salt
water or milk, which must boil before you put in the egg barley until
thick. Serve with melted butter poured over them. (A simpler and much
quicker way is to sift a cup or more of flour on a board; break in two
eggs, and work the dough by rubbing it through your hands until it is as
fine as barley grains.)
PFAeRVEL--FLEISCHIG
Make as much egg barley as required. Heat two tablespoons of fat, add
one-quarter cup of onions, fry until golden brown, add the dried egg
barley and brown nicely. Place in a pudding-dish, add three cups of hot
soup stock or water to more than cover. Bake in a moderate oven about
one hour or until the water has nearly all evaporated and the egg barley
stands out like beads and is soft. The onion may be omitted. Serve hot
in place of a vegetable.
KAESE KRAEPFLI (CHEESE KREPLICH)
Make a dough of one egg with a tablespoon of water; add a pinch of salt;
work this just as you would noodle dough, quite stiff. Sift the flour in
a bowl, break in the egg, add the salt and water, mix slowly by stirring
with the handle of a knife, stirring in the same direction all the time.
When this dough is so stiff that you cannot work it with the knife,
flour your noodle board and work it with the hollow of your hands,
always toward you, until the dough is perfectly smooth; roll out as thin
as paper and cut into squares three inches in diameter. Fill with pot
cheese or schmierkaese which has been prepared in the following manner:
Stir up a piece of butter the size of an egg, adding one egg, sugar,
cinnamon, grated peel of a lemon and pinch of salt, pounded almonds,
which improve it; fill the kraepfli with a teaspoon, wet the edges with
beaten egg, fold into triangles, pressing the edges firmly together;
boil in boiling milk; when done they will swim to the top. Eat with
melted butter or cream.
BOILED MACARONI
Break the macaroni into small pieces; boil for half an hour; drain and
blanch in cold water. Reheat in tomato or cream sauce and serve. Grated
cheese may be sprinkled over the dish if desired.
SPAGHETTI
Spaghetti is a small and more delicate form of macaroni. It is boiled
until tender in salted water and is combined with cheese and with sauces
the same as macaroni, and is usually left long. It makes a good garnish.
BAKED MACARONI WITH CHEESE
Cook one cup of broken macaroni in two quarts of boiling salted water
for twenty or thirty minutes, drain and pour cold water through the
colander. Put the macaroni in a pudding-dish in layers, covering each
layer with cream sauce and grated cheese, one cup will be sufficient,
and on the top layers sprinkle one cup of buttered bread crumbs. Bake in
oven until the crumbs are brown.
SAVORY MACARONI
After baking; some flour to a pale fawn color pass it through a sieve or
strainer to remove its gritty particles. Break half a pound of macaroni
into short pieces, boil them in salted water until fairly tender, then
drain.
In a little butter in a saucepan brown a level tablespoon of very finely
chopped onion, then add three or four sliced tomatoes, a half teaspoon
of powdered mixed herbs, a little nutmeg, salt and pepper. When the
tomatoes are reduced to a pulp add one pint of milk and allow it to come
to the boiling point before mixing with it two tablespoons of the
browned flour moistened with water.
Stir and boil till smooth, press the whole through a strainer and return
to the saucepan. When boiling, add the macaroni and a few minutes later
stir in two tablespoons of grated or finely chopped cheese.
It may be served at once, but is vastly improved by keeping the pan for
half an hour by the side of the fire in an outer vessel of water. Or the
macaroni may be turned into a casserole and finished off in the oven.
For a meat meal the onions may be browned in sweet drippings or olive
oil and soup stock substituted for the milk.
DUMPLINGS FOR STEW
Mix two teaspoons of baking powder with two cups of flour, one egg, one
cup of cold water and a little salt.
Stir all lightly together and drop the batter from the spoon into the
stew while the water continues to boil. Cover closely and do not uncover
for twenty minutes, boiling constantly, but not too hard. Serve
immediately in the stew.
SPAETZLEN OR SPATZEN
Sift two cups of flour into a bowl, make a depression in the centre and
break into it two eggs, add a saltspoon of salt and enough water or milk
to form a smooth, stiff dough. Set on some water to boil, salt the water
and when the water boils drop the spaetzle into it, one at a time. Do
this with the spoon with which you cut the dough, or roll it on a board
into a round roll and cut them with a knife. When the spaetzle are
done, they will rise to the surface, take them out with a perforated
skimmer and lay them on a platter. Now heat two tablespoons of butter
and add bread crumbs, let them brown for a minute and pour all over the
spaetzle. If you prefer you may put the spaetzle right into the spider
in which you have heated the butter. Another way to prepare them is
after having taken them out of the water, heat some butter in a spider
and put in the spaetzle, and then scramble a few eggs over all, stirring
eggs and spaetzle together. Serve hot.
SOUR SPATZEN
Brown three tablespoons of flour with one tablespoon of sweet drippings,
add a small onion finely chopped, then cover the spider and let the
onion steam for a little while; do this over a low heat so there will be
no danger of the union getting too brown; add vinegar and soup stock and
two tablespoons of sugar. Let this boil until the sauce is of the right
consistency. Serve with spaetzlen made according to the foregoing
recipe, using water in place of the milk to form the dough. Pour the
sauce over the spaetzlen before serving. By adding more sugar the sauce
may be made sweet sour.
LEBERKNADEL (CALF LIVER DUMPLINGS)
Chop and pass through a colander one-half pound of calf's liver; rub to
a cream four ounces of marrow, add the liver and stir hard. Then add a
little thyme, one clove of garlic grated, pepper, salt and a little
grated lemon peel, the yolks of two eggs and one whole egg. Then add
enough grated bread crumbs or rolled crackers to this mixture to permit
its being formed into little marbles. Drop in boiling salt water and let
cook fifteen minutes; drain, roll in fine crumbs and fry in hot fat.
MILK OR POTATO NOODLES
Boil seven or eight potatoes, peel and let them stand several hours to
dry; then grate them and add two eggs, salt and enough flour to make a
dough thick enough to roll. Roll into long, round noodles as thick as
two pencils and cut to length of baking-pan. Butter pan and lay noodles
next to each other; cover with milk and lumps of butter and bake fifteen
minutes, till yellow; serve immediately with bread crumbs browned in
butter.
KARTOFFEL KLOESSE (POTATO DUMPLINGS)
Boil about eight potatoes in their jackets and when peeled lay them on a
platter overnight. When ready to use them next day, grate, add two
eggs, salt, a little nutmeg if desired, one wine-glass of farina, a
tablespoon of chicken fat, one scant cup of flour gradually, and if not
dry enough add more flour, but be sure not to make the mixture too stiff
as this makes the balls heavy. Place balls in salted boiling water, cook
until light and thoroughly done, serve just, as they are or fried in
chicken fat until brown.
The dumplings may be made of the same mixture and in the centre of each
dumpling place stripes of bread one inch long and one-fourth inch thick
which have been fried in chicken fat and onions. Flour your hands well
and make into dumplings. Put into boiling-salted water, boil about
twenty-five minutes. Serve at once with chopped onions browned, or
browned bread crumbs and chicken fat.
WIENER KARTOFFEL KLOESSE
Boil eight potatoes. When they are very soft drain off every drop of
water, lay them on a clean baking-board and mash them while hot with a
rolling-pin, adding about one cup of flour. When thoroughly mashed,
break in two eggs, salt to taste, and flavor with grated nutmeg. Now
flour the board thickly and foil out this potato dough about as thick as
your little finger and spread with the following: Heat some fresh goose
fat in a spider, cut up part of an onion very fine, add it to the hot
fat together with one-half cup of grated bread crumbs. When brown,
spread over the dough and roll just as you would a jelly-roll. Cut into
desired lengths (about three or four inches), put them in boiling water,
slightly salted, and boil uncovered for about fifteen minutes. Pour some
hot goose grease over the dumplings.
BAIRISCHE DAMPFNUDELN, No. 1
Soak one cake of compressed yeast in a cup of lukewarm milk with a
teaspoon of sugar, a teaspoon of salt, and sift a pint of flour in a
bowl, in which you may also stir a small cup of milk and one egg. Pour
in the yeast and work all thoroughly, adding more flour, but guarding
against getting the dough too stiff. Cover up the bowl of dough and let
it raise until it is as high again, which will take at least four hours.
Flour a baking-board and mold small biscuits out of your dough, let them
raise at least half an hour. Then butter a large, round, deep pan and
set in your dumplings, brushing each with melted butter as you do so.
When all are in, pour in enough milk to reach just half way up to the
dumplings. Bake until a light brown. Eat hot, with vanilla sauce.
BAIRISCHE DAMPFNUDELN, No. 2
Make the dough just as you would in the above recipe, adding a
tablespoon of butter, and after they have risen steam instead of baking
them. If you have no steamer improvise one in this way: Put on a kettle
of boiling water, set a colander on top of the kettle and lay in your
dumplings, but do not crowd them; cover with a close-fitting lid and put
a weight on top of it to keep in the steam, when done they will be as
large again as when first put in. Take up one at first to try whether it
is done by tearing open with two forks. If you have more than enough for
your family, bake a pan of biscuits out of the remaining dough. Serve
dumplings hot with prune sauce.
APPLE SLUMP
Pare, core and quarter apples, add a little water and sugar to taste,
stew until tender and cover with the following mixture: Sift one pint of
flour and one teaspoon of baking powder, add a pinch of salt and two
cups of milk, mix and turn out onto a lightly floured board. Roll to
one-half inch thickness and place over the stewed apples, cover and cook
for ten minutes without lifting the lid. Serve hot with cream and sugar
or soft custard.
BOILED APPLE DUMPLINGS
Beat well, without separating, two eggs, add a pinch of salt, two cups
of milk and one cup of flour. To a second cup of flour, add two
teaspoons of baking powder; add this to the batter and as much more
flour as is necessary to make a soft dough. Roll out quickly one-half
inch thick. Cut into squares, lay two or three quarters of pared apples
on each, sprinkle with sugar and pinch the dough around the apples. Have
a number of pudding cloths ready, wrung out of cold water, and sprinkle
well with flour. Put a dumpling in each, leave a little room for
swelling and tie tightly. Drop into a kettle of rapidly boiling water
and keep the water at a steady boil for an hour. Serve hot with hard
sauce.
Have a saucer in the bottom of kettle to prevent burning.
FARINA DUMPLINGS
Beat yolks of four eggs with three tablespoons of goose, turkey or
chicken fat, but if these are not convenient, clear beef drippings will
do. Put in enough farina to make a good Batter. Beat whites of eggs to
a stiff froth with pinch of salt, and stir in batter. Put on in large
boiler sufficient water to boil dumplings and add one tablespoon of
salt. When boiling drop in by tablespoons. Boil one hour. This quantity
makes twenty dumplings.
HUCKLEBERRY DUMPLINGS
Take a loaf of stale bread; cut off the crust and soak in cold water,
then squeeze dry. Beat three eggs light, yolks and whites together add
one quart berries and mix all together with a little brown sugar and a
pinch of salt. Boil steadily one hour, serve with hard sauce.
PLUM KNOEDEL (HUNGARIAN)
Boil several potatoes, mash, mix with one egg yolk, a little salt and
enough flour to make a dough soft enough to hold the impress of the
finger. Roll out and cut into four-cornered pieces; in each square place
a German plum which has had the pits removed and a mixture of sugar and
cinnamon; put in place of the pit. Roll each square into a round
dumpling; put these into a pan with boiling; salted water and let them
cook covered for six or eight minutes. When done, serve with some bread
crumbs browned in butter or schmalz and spread over the knoedel.
PEAR DUMPLING (BIRNE KLOESSE)
Take half a loaf of white bread or as much stale white bread, soak the
white part and grate the crust, add one cup of suet chopped very fine,
one cup of flour, one egg, salt and spices to taste, and one-half
teaspoon of baking-powder. Make this into a dumpling, put it on a tiny
plate in a large kettle. Lay prunes and pears around, about a pound of
each, one cup of brown sugar, two pieces of stick cinnamon, dash of
claret and cold water to almost cover; then cover kettle tightly and
boil four hours. Serve hot.
Prunes and dried apples may be used as well.
PEACH DUMPLINGS
Make a dough of a quart of flour and a pint of milk, or water, a
tablespoon of shortening, a pinch of salt, one egg and a spoon of sugar;
add a piece of compressed yeast, which has previously been dissolved in
water. Let the dough raise for three hours. In the meantime make a
compote of peaches by stewing them with sugar and spices, such as
cinnamon and cloves. Stew enough to answer for both sauce and filling.
When raised, flour the baking-board and roll out the dough half an inch
thick. Cut cakes out of it with a tumbler, brush the edges with white of
egg, put a teaspoon of peach compote in the centre of a cake and cover
it with another layer of cake and press the edges firmly together. Steam
over boiling water and serve with peach sauce. A delicious dessert may
also be made by letting the dough rise another half hour after being
rolled out, and before cutting.
Compote of huckleberries may be used with these dumplings instead of
peaches, if so desired.
CHERRY ROLEY-POLEY
Make a rich baking-powder biscuit dough, and roll it out until it is
about two-thirds of an inch thick. Pit and stew enough cherries to make
a thick layer of fruit and add sugar to taste. Spread them over the
dough thickly and roll it up, taking care to keep the cherries from
falling out. Wrap a cloth around it, and sew it up loosely with coarse
thread, which is easily pulled out. Allow plenty of room for the dough
to rise. Lay the roley-poley on a plate, set it in a steamer and steam
for an hour and a half. Serve in slices, with cream or sauce.
SHABBAS KUGEL
Soak five wheat rolls in water, then press the bread quite dry, add one
cup of drippings or one-half pound of suet chopped very fine, a pinch of
salt, two eggs well beaten, one teaspoon of cinnamon, one grated lemon
rind, one-half cup of sugar, one tablespoon of water. Stir all together
thoroughly, grease the kugel pot well with warm melted fat, pour in the
mixture and send it Friday afternoon to the bakery where it will remain
till Saturday noon; it will then be baked brown. If one has a coal range
that will retain the heat for the length of time required, it will be
baked nicely. The kugel must be warm, however, when served.
KUGEL (SCHARFE)
If one desires an unsweetened kugel omit the sugar and cinnamon in the
recipe above and season with salt and pepper. When required for any
other meal but Shabbas, a kugel can be baked brown in two hours.
KUGEL
Soak five ounces of white bread--it may be stale bread--in cold water;
then squeeze out every bit of water, put it in a bowl, add three-fourths
cup of soft goose fat in small pieces, five whole eggs; one cup of
flour, one-half cup of sugar, one-fourth cup of cracker meal, three
apples and two pears cut in small pieces, two dozen raisins with the
seeds removed, salt to taste, a tiny pinch of pepper, one-quarter
teaspoon each of cinnamon and allspice. Mix all well together, and pour
into an iron pan that has the bottom well covered with goose-fat; stick
a few pieces of cut apple or pear in the top of the pudding. Pour a cup
of cold water over all; place in the oven to bake. Bake slowly for five
or six hours. If the water cooks out before it is ready to brown, add
more. Bake brown, top and bottom.
NOODLE KUGEL
Cook three cups of broad noodles in salted boiling water ten minutes.
Drain and add three-fourths cup of chicken or goose fat and four eggs,
well beaten. Place in a well-greased iron pot and bake until the top of
the kugel is well browned. Serve hot with raspberry jelly or stewed
fruit of any kind.
PEAR KUGEL
Cream one cup of rendered fat with one cup of sugar, add one-half loaf
of bread, previously soaked and pressed dry, a little salt, one-fourth
cup of flour. Grease pudding-dish and put in alternate layers of the
mixture and pears that have been boiled with water, sugar and claret.
Bake slowly three hours.
KRAUT KUGEL
Chop up cabbage and let stew in fat slowly until quite brown. Do this
the day previous to using. Next day mix in with the stewed cabbage
one-fourth of a loaf of bread soaked in water and squeezed dry, one-half
cup of flour, one-half cup of brown sugar, one-eighth pound of raisins,
some finely chopped citron, one-fourth pound of almonds (mixed with a
few bitter almonds), one-half teaspoon of salt, some cinnamon and
allspice, about a teaspoon, juice and peel of one lemon and four eggs.
Mix all thoroughly, pour into well-greased iron pan (kugel pot) and bake
slowly.
APPLE KUGEL
Soak half a loaf of bread in water and squeeze dry, shave a cup of suet
very fine and cut up some tart apples in thin slices. Add sugar,
raisins, cinnamon, about one-quarter cup of pounded almonds and the
yolks of three eggs. Mix all thoroughly. Add whites beaten to a stiff
froth last. Bake one hour.
RICE KUGEL
Boil one cup of rice in water until done, then let it cool. In the
meanwhile rub one-fourth cup of chicken-fat to a cream, add a scant cup
of powdered sugar, a little cinnamon, the grated peel of one lemon, the
yolks of three eggs, adding one at a time; one-half cup of raisins
seeded, one-half pound of stewed prunes pitted, then add the cold rice.
One-half cup of pounded almonds mixed with a few bitter ones improves
this pudding. Serve with a pudding sauce, either wine or brandy. This
pudding may be eaten hot or cold and may be either baked or boiled. If
baked, one hour is required; if boiled, two hours; the water must be
kept boiling steadily. Left-over rice may be used, butter instead of the
fat, and the rice may be boiled in milk.
APPLE SCHALET, No. 1
Take one pound of fresh beef heart fat, shave it as fine as possible
with a knife. Sift one quart of flour into a deep bowl, add two tumblers
of ice-cold water, one tablespoon of brown sugar, a saltspoon of salt,
then add the shaved heart fat and work well into the sifted flour. Put
it on a pie-board and work as you would bread dough, with the palm of
your hand, until it looks smooth enough to roll. Do not work over five
minutes. Now take half of this dough, flour your pie-board slightly and
roll out as you would pie dough, about once as thick. Grease a deep
pudding-dish (an iron one is best), one that is smaller at the bottom
than the top, grease it well, line the pudding-dish, bottom and sides,
clear to the top, fill this one-third full with chopped tart apples,
raisins, part of a grated lemon peel, citron cut quite fine, pounded
almonds and melted drippings here and there. Sprinkle thickly with
sugar, half brown and half white, and a little ground cinnamon. Moisten
each layer with one-half wine-glass of wine. Now put another layer of
dough, rolling out half of the remaining dough and reserving the other
half for the top covering, fill again with apples, raisins, etc., until
full, then put on top layer. Press the dough firmly together all round
the edge, using a beaten egg to make sure of its sticking. Roll the side
dough over the top with a knife and pour a cup of water over the pudding
before setting it in the oven. Time for baking, two hours. If the top
browns too quickly, cover.
This advantage of this pudding is, it may be baked the day previous to
using, in fact, it is better the oftener it is warmed over--always
adding a cup of water before setting it in the oven. Before serving the
pudding turn it out carefully on a large platter, pour a wine-glass of
brandy which has been slightly sweetened over the pudding and light it,
carry to the table in flames. A novice had better try this pudding
plain, omitting the wine, brandy, almonds and citron, moistening with
water instead of wine before baking. Almost as nice and very good for
ordinary use. Some apples require more water than others, the cook
having to use her own judgment regarding the amount required.
APPLE SCHALET, No. 2
Line an iron pudding-dish with schalet dough, greasing it well before
you do so. Chop up some apples quite fine, put on the crust, also some
raisins (seeded), sugar and cinnamon, then put another layer of pie and
another layer of chopped apples, and so on until filled, say about three
layers, the last being crust. Bake slowly and long until a nice dark
brown.
SCHALET DOUGH (MERBER DECK)
Cream four tablespoons of drippings, add a pinch of salt, two
tablespoons of granulated sugar, beat in well one egg, add one cup of
sifted flour and enough cold water to moisten dough so that it can be
rolled out--about three tablespoons will be sufficient; it depends on
the dryness of the flour how much is required.
NOODLE SCHALET
Make the quantity of noodles desired, then boil. When done, drain
through colander, pouring cold water over the noodles.
When all the water has drained off, beat up three eggs in a large bowl,
mix the noodles with the beaten eggs. Grease an iron pudding dish with
plenty of goose grease or drippings, put in a layer of noodles, then
sprinkle one-fourth cup of sugar, some pounded almonds, the grated peel
of one lemon and a few raisins; sprinkle some melted fat over this, then
add another layer of noodles, some more sugar and proceed as with the
other layer until all the noodles are used. Bake two hours. Broad or
fine noodles are equally good for this schalet. If desired, one tart
apple chopped very fine may be added with the almonds.
CARROT SCHALET
Boil one pound of carrots, let them get perfectly cold before grating
them. In the meanwhile cream a heaping tablespoon of drippings or
chicken fat and four tablespoons of sugar, add gradually the yolks of
four eggs, the grated peel of one lemon, one teaspoon of cinnamon, a
little grated nutmeg, three tablespoons of flour, one teaspoon of
baking-powder, pinch of salt, and the beaten whites last. Heat a few
tablespoons of fat in a pudding dish, pour in the mixture and bake in a
moderate oven one hour, then sprinkle sugar and cinnamon and return to
oven for a few moments to brown. Serve hot.
SEVEN LAYER SCHALET
Take two cups of flour, one egg, three tablespoons of fat, one cup of
water, a little sugar, pinch of salt, and knead lightly. Put dough aside
in a cold place while you prepare a mixture of one cup of sugar, one and
one-half teaspoons of cinnamon and three tablespoons of bread crumbs.
Cut dough in seven pieces and roll out each piece separately. Place one
layer on a greased baking-tin and spread the layer with melted fat and
sprinkle with sugar and cinnamon; place upon this the second layer,
sprinkle on this two ounces of sweet and bitter almonds which have been
grated and mixed with sugar; over this place the third layer and spread
with oil, sprinkle with cinnamon and sugar and one-half pound of
cleaned, seedless raisins. Place the fourth layer on and spread with
jelly and one-half pound of citron cut up very small. Cover over with
another layer, spread fat and sprinkle with cinnamon and sugar and
grated lemon peel and juice of lemon. Place the sixth layer and spread
and sprinkle with sugar and cinnamon. Put on the last layer and spread
with fat and sprinkle with sugar and cinnamon. Cut in four-cornered
pieces and bake thoroughly and until a nice brown.
This schalet may be made and left whole; a frosting put on top and when
well baked will keep for a month or more.
BOILED POTATO PUDDING
Stir the yolks of four eggs with one-half cup of sugar, add one-half cup
of blanched and pounded almonds; grate in the peel, also the juice of
one lemon, one-half pound of grated potatoes that have been boiled the
day before. Lastly add the stiffly beaten whites, some salt and more
potatoes, if necessary. Grease your pudding-pan well, pour in the
mixture and bake. Set in a pan of water in oven; water in pan must not
reach higher than one-half way up the pudding-form. Bake one-half hour.
Turn out on platter and serve with a wine, chocolate, or lemon sauce.
One can bake in an iron pudding-form without the water.
POTATO SCHALET
Peel and grate five or six large potatoes and one onion. Soak some bread
and two or three crackers. Press out the water and add to the potatoes
and onion, salt to taste. Add two tablespoons of boiling fat and one
beaten egg. Have plenty of hot fat in pan, put in the pudding, pour over
it one cup of cold water. Bake in hot oven one hour.
Two slices of white bread, one inch thick, will be sufficient bread for
this schalet.
SWEET POTATO PUDDING
Take one quart of grated, raw sweet potatoes, one tablespoon leach of
meat fat and chicken fat, one half pound of brown sugar, one-half pint
of molasses, one and one-half pints of cold water, one saltspoon of salt
and a little black pepper, grated orange peel, ginger, nutmeg and
cinnamon to taste. Pour into greased baking-pan and bake until it
jellies. Bake in moderate oven. May be eaten as a dessert, warm or cold.
APPLE STRUDEL, No. 1
Sift two cups of flour, add pinch of salt and one teaspoon of powdered
sugar. Stir in slowly one cup of lukewarm water, and work until dough
does not stick to the hands. Flour board, and roll, as thin as possible.
Do not tear. Place a tablecloth on table, put the rolled out dough on
it, and pull gently with the hands, to get the dough as thin as tissue
paper.
Have ready six apples chopped fine, and mixed with cinnamon, sugar,
one-half cup of seedless raisins, one-half cup of currants. Spread this
over the dough with plenty of chicken-fat or oil all over the apples.
Take the tablecloth in both hands, and roll the strudel, over and over,
holding the cloth high, and the strudel will almost roll itself. Grease
a baking-pan, hold to the edge of the cloth, and roll the strudel in.
Bake brown, basting often with fat or oil.
APPLE STRUDEL, No. 2
Into a large mixing bowl place one and one-half cups of flour and
one-quarter teaspoon of salt. Beat one egg lightly and add it to
one-third cup of warm water and combine the two mixtures. Mix the dough
quickly with a knife; then knead it, place on board, stretching it up
and down to make it elastic, until it leaves the board clean. Now toss
it on a well-floured board, cover with a hot bowl and keep in a warm
place. While preparing the filling lay the dough in the centre of a
well-floured tablecloth on the table; roll out a little, brush well with
some melted butter, and with hands under dough, palms down, pull and
stretch the dough gently, until it is as large as the table and thin as
paper, and do not tear the dough. Spread one quart of sour apples,
peeled and cut fine, one-quarter pound of almonds blanched and chopped,
one-half cup of raisins and currants, one cup of sugar and one teaspoon
of cinnamon, evenly over three-quarters of the dough, and drop over them
a few tablespoons of melted butter. Trim edges. Roll the dough over
apples on one side, then hold cloth high with both hands and the strudel
will roll itself over and over into one big roll, trim edges again. Then
twist the roll to fit the greased pan. Bake in a hot oven until brown
and crisp and brush with melted butter. If juicy small fruits or berries
are used, sprinkle bread crumbs over the stretched dough to absorb the
juices. Serve slightly warm.
RAHM STRUDEL
Prepare the dough as for Apple Strudel as directed in the foregoing
recipe, drip one quart of thick sour milk on it lightly, with a large
spoon, put one cup of grated bread crumbs over the milk, add two cups of
granulated sugar, one cup of chopped almonds, one cup of raisins, and
one teaspoon of cinnamon, roll and place in well-buttered pan, put small
pieces of butter over the top, basting frequently. Serve warm with
vanilla sauce. One-half this quantity may be used for a small strudel.
CHERRY STRUDEL
Make a dough of two cups of flour, a pinch of salt and a little lukewarm
water; do not make it too stiff, but smooth. Slap the dough back and
forth. Do this repeatedly for about fifteen minutes. Now put the dough
in a warm, covered bowl and set it in a warm, place for half an hour. In
the meantime stem and pit two quarts of sour cherries. Grate into them
some stale bread (about a plateful); also the peel of half a lemon, and
mix. Add one cup of sugar, some ground cinnamon and about four ounces of
pounded sweet almonds, mix all thoroughly. Roll out the dough as thin as
possible, lay aside the rolling-pin and pull, or rather stretch the
dough as thin as tissue paper. In doing this you will have to walk all
around the table, for when well stretched it will cover more than the
size of an ordinary table. Pull off all of the thick edge, for it must
be very thin to be good (save the pieces for another strudel). Pour a
little melted goose-oil or butter over this, and sprinkle the bread,
sugar, almonds, cherries, etc., over it; roll the strudel together into
a long roll. Have ready a long baking-pan well greased with either
butter or goose-fat; fold the strudel into the shape of a pretzel.
Butter or grease top also and bake a light brown; baste often while
baking. Eat warm.
MANDEL (ALMOND) STRUDEL
Prepare the dough as for Apple Strudel No. 2. Blanch one-half pound of
almonds and grind, when dried beat the yolks of four eggs light with
one-quarter pound of granulated sugar, add the grated peel of one lemon
and mix in the almonds. Spread over the dough with plenty of oil, butter
or fat and roll. Bake; baste very often.
CABBAGE STRUDEL
Heat one-half cup of goose-fat, add one medium-sized cabbage and let it
simmer until done, stirring constantly to keep from burning. While
cooling prepare strudel dough, fill with cabbage and one cup of raisins
and currants mixed, two cups of granulated sugar, one-half cup of
chopped almonds and one teaspoon cinnamon, roll and put little pieces of
grease on top; bake in hot oven and baste frequently. The pans in which
the strudel is baked must be greased generously. Serve this strudel hot.
This strudel may be made for a milk meal by substituting butter for fat.
QUARK STRUDEL (DUTCH CHEESE)
Make a strudel or roley-poley dough and let it rest until you have
prepared the cheese. Take half a pound of cheese, rub it through a
coarse sieve or colander, add salt, the yolks of two eggs and one whole
egg, sweeten to taste. Add the grated peel of one lemon, two ounces of
sweet almonds, and about four bitter ones, blanched and pounded, four
ounces of sultana raisins and a little citron chopped fine. Now roll out
as thin as possible, spread in the cheese, roll and bake, basting with
sweet cream.
STRUDEL AUS KALBSLUNGE
Wash the lung and heart thoroughly in salt water, and put on to boil in
cold water, adding salt, one onion, a few bay leaves and cook until very
tender. Make the dough precisely the same as any other strudel. Take the
boiled lung and heart, chop them as fine as possible and stew in a
saucepan with some fat, adding chopped parsley, a little salt, pepper
and mace, or nutmeg, the grated peel of half a lemon and a little wine.
Add the beaten yolks of two eggs to thicken, and remove from the fire to
cool. Roll out the dough as thin as possible, fill in the mixture and
lay the strudel in a well-greased pan; put flakes of fat on top and
baste often. Eat hot.
RICE STRUDEL
Prepare the dough same as for Apple Strudel. Leave it in a warm place
covered, until you have prepared the rice. Wash a quarter of a pound of
rice in hot water--about three times--then boil it in milk until very
soft and thick. Let it cool, and then add two ounces of butter, the
yolks of four eggs, four ounces of sugar and one teaspoon of vanilla,
some salt and the beaten whites of two eggs, mix thoroughly. When your
dough has been rolled out and pulled as thin as possible, spread the
rice over it and roll. Add pounded almonds and raisins if desired. Put
in a greased pan and bake until brown, basting with sweet cream or
butter.
*CEREALS*
The cereals are the most valuable of the vegetable foods, including as
they do the grains from which is made nearly all the bread of the world.
For family use, cereals should be bought in small quantities and kept in
glass jars, tightly covered.
Variety is to be found in using the different cereals and preparing them
in new ways. Many cereals are improved by adding a little milk during
the latter part of the cooking. Boiling water and salt should always be
added to cereals, one teaspoon salt to one cup of cereal. Long cooking
improves the flavor and makes the cereal more digestible.
Cereals should be cooked the first five minutes over the fire and then
over hot-water in a double boiler; if one cannot be procured, cook
cereal in a saucepan set in a larger one holding the hot water.
LAWS ABOUT CEREALS
To discover if cereals such as barley, wheat, oats, farina or cornmeal
are kosher, place them on a hot plate, if no worms or other insects
appear they are fit to be eaten, if not, they must be thrown away.
If flour is mildewed it must be destroyed.
OATMEAL PORRIDGE
As oatmeal is ground in different grades of coarseness, the time for
cooking varies and it is best to follow the directions given on the
packages. The meal should be cooked until soft, but should not be mushy.
The ordinary rule is to put a cup of meal into two cups of salted
boiling water (a teaspoon of salt), and let it cook in a double boiler
the required time. Keep covered until done; then remove the cover and
let the moisture escape.
COLD OATMEAL
Oatmeal is very good cold, and in summer is better served in that way.
It can be turned into fancy molds or into small cups to cool, and will
then hold the form and make an ornamental dish.
OATMEAL WITH CHEESE
Cook one cup of oatmeal overnight and just before serving add one
tablespoon of butter and one cup grated cheese. Stir until the cheese is
melted and serve at once.
BAKED APPLE WITH OATMEAL
Pare and core the apples and fill the core space with left-over oatmeal
mush. Put the apples in a baking dish; sprinkle with sugar; pour a
little water into the bottom of the pan and bake in a moderate oven
until the apples are tender. Serve warm with cream for breakfast or
luncheon.
WHEAT CEREALS
Wheat cereals, like oatmeal, are best cooked by following the directions
on the package. Most of them are greatly improved by the addition of a
little milk or by a few chopped dates or whole sultana raisins.
CORNMEAL MUSH
Mix together one cup of cornmeal and one teaspoon of salt, and add one
cup of cold water gradually, stirring until smooth. Pour this mixture
into two cups of boiling; water in a double boiler and cook from three
to five hours. Serve hot with cream and sugar.
SAUTED CORNMEAL MUSH
Put left-over mush into a dish and smooth it over the top. When cold cut
into slices one-half inch thick. Dip each slice into flour. Melt
one-half teaspoon of drippings in a frying-pan and be careful to let it
get smoking hot. Brown the floured slices on each side. Drain if
necessary and serve on a hot plate with syrup.
FARINA
To one-half cup of farina take one teaspoon of salt; pour gradually into
three cups of boiling water and cook the mixture in a double boiler for
about one hour.
HOMINY
Get the unbroken hominy and after careful washing soak it twenty-four
hours in the water. Cook one cup of hominy slowly in the same water in a
covered vessel for eight hours or until all the water has been absorbed
by the hominy; add two tablespoons of butter, one teaspoon of salt and
two tablespoons of cream and serve as a vegetable or as a cereal with
sugar and cream.
MARMELITTA
Take two cups of coarse cornmeal and four cups of cold water put on to
boil; add one-half teaspoon of salt. Stir the cornmeal continually and
when done place on platter, spread with butter, sharf cheese or any
cheese such as pot or cream cheese. To be eaten warm.
POLENTA
Place one cup of yellow cornmeal and three cups of cold water in a
double boiler, add one teaspoon of salt, one-half teaspoon of pepper and
cook for forty minutes. While still hot add one and one-half cups of
grated cheese to the mixture and heat until it melts. Turn the mixture
into a greased bowl and allow it to set. The meal may be sliced an inch
thick or cut with a biscuit cutter and then fried in hot vegetable oil.
Serve with white or tomato sauce as desired.
BARLEY, TAPIOCA, SAGO, ETC
Add one teaspoon of salt to one quart of boiling water and pour
gradually on one-half cup of barley or other hard grain and boil until
tender, from one to two or more hours, according to the grain, and have
each kernel stand out distinct when done. Add more boiling water as it
evaporates. Use as a vegetable or in soups. Pearl barley, tapioca and
sago cook quicker than other large grains.
BOILED RICE
Put one-half cup of rice in a strainer; place the strainer over a bowl
nearly full of cold water; rub the rice; lift the strainer from the bowl
and change the water. Repeat this until the water in the bowl is clear.
Have two quarts of water boiling briskly, add the rice and one
tablespoon of salt gradually so as not to stop the boiling; boil twenty
minutes or until soft, do not stir; drain through a colander and place
the colander over boiling water for ten minutes to steam. Every grain
will be distinct. Serve as a vegetable or as a cereal with cream and
sugar.
RICE IN MILK
Clean the rice as for boiling in water; and cook one-half cup of rice
with one and one-half cups of hot milk and one-half teaspoon of salt,
adding a few seeded or sultana raisins if desired. Serve hot like boiled
rice or press into small cups, cool and serve with cream and sugar.
RICE WITH GRATED CHOCOLATE
Cook one-half cup of rice, place in hot serving dish, sprinkle
generously with grated sweet chocolate; set in oven one minute and
serve.
STEAMED RICE
Wash two cups of rice carefully put in double boiler; add eight cups of
cold water and a pinch of salt and steam for two hours; do not stir.
Serve with any kind of stewed fruit or preserve.
APPLES WITH RICE
Boil one cup of rice in water or milk; rub the kettle all over with a
piece of butter before putting in the rice, season with salt and add a
lump of butter. When cooked, add about six apples, pared, quartered and
cored, sugar and cinnamon. This makes a nice side dish, or dessert,
served with cream.
BOILED RICE WITH PINEAPPLE
Boil as much rice as desired and when done slice up the pineapple and
add, with as much sugar as is required to sweeten to taste.
BAKED RICE
Arrange two cups of boiled rice in a baking dish in layers, covering
each with grated cheese, a little milk, butter, salt and red pepper.
Spread one cup of grated bread crumbs over all and bake in a moderate
oven until the crumbs are browned.
SWEET RICE
Clean and wash one cup of rice. Put on to boil with cold water, add a
pinch of salt. When done drain off the water, if any; add two cups of
milk, stir in and let boil for five minutes. Dish up, then sprinkle
sugar and cinnamon generously over the top. The yolk of an egg can be
added just before serving if desired.
EGGS BAKED IN RICE
Line a buttered dish with steamed rice. Break the eggs in the centre,
dot with butter, sprinkle with salt, pepper and bake in a moderate oven.
RICE AND NUT LOAF
Boil one-half cup of rice (brown preferred); drain and dry it. Mix with
an equal quantity of bread crumbs. Add level teaspoon of salt and
one-half saltspoon of black pepper. Stir in one cup of chopped
nuts--pecans or peanuts. Add one tablespoon of chopped parsley and one
egg. Mix thoroughly and pack in bread-pan to mold it. Turn it from pan
into baking-pan and bake slowly three-quarters of an hour. Serve with
cream sauce or puree of peas.
PILAF
Put two cups of water on to boil, add juice of two tomatoes and a pinch
of salt. When boiling, add one cup of rice and let cook until the water
has evaporated. Then add melted butter, mix well, and keep in warm
place, covered, until ready to serve.
SPANISH RICE
Put one cup of washed rice in frying-pan with four or five tablespoons
of poultry fat; add three onions chopped and two cloves of garlic minced
fine. Fry ten minutes; add one red pepper or one canned pimento chopped,
or one teaspoon of paprika, and three ripe tomatoes or two cups of
strained tomatoes and one teaspoon of salt. Cook slowly about one hour,
and as the water evaporates, add more boiling water to keep from
burning.
LEFT-OVER CEREALS
Oatmeal, hominy, cracked wheat, and other cereals which are left over
can be added next day to the fresh stock, for they are improved by long
boiling and do not injure the new supply, or such as is left can be
molded in large or in small forms, and served cold with cream, or milk
and sugar. In warm weather cereals are nicer cold than hot. Cold hominy
and mush, cut into squares and fried, so that a crisp crust is formed on
both sides,--also hominy or farina, rolled into balls and fried,--are
good used in place of a vegetable or as a breakfast dish.
Any of the cereals make good pancakes, or a small amount added to the
ordinary pancake batter improves it.
*EGGS*
Eggs and the foods into which they enter are favorite articles of diet
in most households. They are an agreeable substitute for meat and even
when high in price make a cheaper dish than meat.
A fresh egg should feel heavy, sink in water, and when held to a bright
light show a clear round yolk.
TO PRESERVE EGGS
In the early spring or fall when eggs are plentiful and at their best,
pack them away for future use. Use strictly fresh eggs with perfect
shells (no cracks). Buy water glass at drugstore. Use ten parts water to
one of water glass. Boil water, when cool add water glass and beat well.
Use an earthen jar or crock, pack in rows and pour over the liquid
mixture to cover well. Place old plate over eggs in crock to keep them
under water. Put cover on jar and keep in cool place. More eggs may be
added at any time if well covered with the liquid mixture.
For fifteen dozen eggs use one quart water glass.
TO KEEP EGG YOLKS
The yolks may be kept several days and be as if just separated from the
whites if they are placed in a cup previously rinsed with cold water and
a pinch of salt added to them. The cup must be closely covered with a
wet cloth, and this must be changed and well rinsed in cold water every
day.
When whites are left over make a small angel cake or any of the cookies
which require the whites of egg only.
When yolks are left over use for making mayonnaise.
POACHED OR DROPPED EGGS
Fill a pan with boiling, salted water. Break each egg into a wet saucer
and slip it into the water; set the pan back where water will not boil.
Dip the water over the eggs with a spoon. When the white is firm and a
film has formed over the yolk, they are cooked. Take them up with a
skimmer, drain and serve hot, on toast. Season with salt.
BOILED EGGS
Soft-boiled eggs may be prepared in two ways. The eggs may be dropped
carefully into boiling water and boiled three minutes, or they may be
placed in a covered vessel of boiling water and allowed to stand in a
warm place (but not on the stove) for ten minutes. Eggs prepared in this
way are sometimes called "Coddled Eggs." They are much more delicate and
digestible than the usual "Boiled Eggs."
Hard-boiled eggs should be cooked in boiling water for fifteen or twenty
minutes and then dropped in cold water to prevent the yolk from turning
dark.
SCRAMBLED EGGS
Break into a bowl as many eggs as required, add salt and pepper. Have
some very hot butter in the frying-pan on the stove; pour in the eggs,
stir constantly until set, not stiff, and serve on a hot platter at
once.
FRIED EGGS
Melt in a frying-pan a piece of butter, or fat for a meat meal. When
hot, drop in the eggs, one at a time, being careful not to break the
yolk. When the white of the egg is set they are done, though some
persons like them turned over and cooked on the other side. Remove from
the pan with a cake turner.
BAKED EGGS
Butter individual baking dishes and break an egg in each, being careful
to keep the yolk whole. Put on each egg a bit of butter, a little pepper
and salt. Bake in moderate oven from four to six minutes.
BAKED EGGS WITH CHEESE
Butter a baking dish of a size necessary for number of eggs desired,
break eggs into dish, add salt, paprika, pepper to taste, one tablespoon
of cream, and two tablespoons of grated cheese.
Place dish in a pan of hot water in moderate oven for five minutes until
eggs are set.
TOMATO WITH EGG
Cut top from tomatoes, remove seeds, put a raw egg in each tomato, dust
with salt, pepper, and finely chopped parsley. Place in moderate oven
until egg is set. Serve with cream sauce.
BAKED EGG WITH TOMATOES
Remove the skin from six fresh tomatoes or take one-half can of
tomatoes, chop them and put them on stove and cook for twenty minutes;
season with one tablespoon of chopped parsley, half an onion chopped,
salt and pepper; thicken at the end of that time with one teaspoon of
melted butter mixed with one tablespoon of flour. Put aside to cool.
Then mix in the yolks of four eggs well beaten, and lastly cut and fold
in the four whites. Butter a pudding dish and set this mixture in the
oven in a pan of lukewarm water and bake in a moderate oven until a
golden brown.
PLAIN OMELET
To make an omelet for breakfast or luncheon for two persons, take three
eggs, three tablespoons of sweet milk and a saltspoon of salt. Whip the
yolks of the eggs, the milk and salt to a light foam with an egg whip.
Slowly add the yolk mixture to the whites of the eggs, which should be
beaten to a stiff froth in a big bowl. After the yolks and milk are well
whipped through the whites, beat the whole together for a few minutes
with the egg-beater.
In an omelet pan or a large frying-pan put a tablespoon of good butter.
When the butter is bubbling hot, pour in the omelet mixture. Stir it
lightly for the first minute with a broad-bladed knife, then stop
stirring it; and, as the mixture begins to stiffen around the edge, fold
the omelet toward the centre with the knife. As soon as it is properly
folded, turn it over on a hot platter. Decorate with sprigs of parsley
and serve.
SWEET OMELET
Six eggs, two tablespoons of flour, one cup of cold milk. Wet the flour
with a little of the milk, then add the rest of the milk and the yolks
of the eggs. Beat the whites of the eggs to a stiff froth and pour into
the flour, milk and yolks. Put a piece of butter into a spider and let
it get hot, but not so hot that the butter will burn. Then pour the
mixture in and put in a moderate oven to bake in the spider. It takes
about ten minutes to bake. Then slip a knife under it and loosen it and
slip off on a large plate. Sift powdered sugar on top and serve with a
slice of lemon.
SWEET OMELET FOR ONE
One egg, beat white separately, two tablespoons of cold sweet milk, a
pinch of salt. Brown on both sides or roll, spread with compote or
sprinkle powdered sugar thickly over it. Serve at once.
SPANISH OMELET
In a chopping bowl place two nice large ripe tomatoes, first peeling
them; one large or two medium-sized white Texas onions, two sprigs of
parsley, and one large green-bell pepper, first removing most of its
seeds.
Chop these ingredients well together quite fine, turn them into a
saucepan and let them cook over rather a brisk heat until quite soft.
Put no water in this mixture. Add a tablespoon of olive oil or of butter
before it begins to cook and season well with salt and red pepper.
Make the omelet the same as the plain one, but use water instead of milk
in mixing it, and only use two tablespoons of water for the six eggs
required.
After the eggs are sufficiently beaten, mixed, and in the pan over the
fire, and when the edges begin to stiffen, cover the surface of the
omelet to within an inch of the edge with the cooked vegetables. Fold
the omelet quickly and turn it on a hot platter. Pour around it all the
vegetables left in the pan and serve.
RUM OMELET
Take six eggs, beat whites and yolks well, add a pinch of salt and a
teaspoon of brandy. Fry in a spider quickly and spread with a compote of
huckleberries or any other fruit. Roll up the omelet, pour a very small
wineglass of rum over it, light it and serve at once.
SWEET ALMOND OMELET
Prepare one-half cup of sweet almonds, blanched, chopped fine and
pounded smooth. Beat four eggs slightly, add four tablespoons of cream
and turn it into a hot omelet pan on which you have melted one
tablespoon, of butter. Cook carefully, drawing the cooked portion into
the centre and tilting the pan to allow the liquid part to run over the
bare pan. When nearly all set, sprinkle the almonds over the surface and
turn the edges over until well rolled. Then slip it out on a hot dish
and dredge with powdered sugar, and scatter several salted almonds over
the top. Serve immediately.
CORN OMELET
Take one-half cup of canned corn and chop it very fine (or the same
amount cut from the cob). Add to that the yolk of one egg, well beaten
with pepper and salt to taste, and two tablespoons of cream. Beat the
white of the egg very stiff and stir in just before cooking. Have the
pan very hot and profusely buttered. Pour the mixture on, and when
nicely browned, turn one half over the other, as in cooking other
omelets.
HERB OMELET
Take six eggs and beat well in a bowl. Add two tablespoons of cold water
and a quarter of a teaspoon of salt, a pinch of pepper, a teaspoon of
chopped parsley, a quarter of a teaspoon of grated onion and a teaspoon
of fine butter, shaved in little pieces. Mix well with a wooden spoon.
Dissolve in the spider the butter and add at once the beaten eggs, etc.,
inclining the spider to the handle for an instant and then shaking the
omelet into the centre and turn up the right edge, then the left and fry
briskly five minutes and serve.
POACHED EGGS WITH FRIED TOMATOES
Fry tomatoes (cut one-half inch thick) in butter, pepper and salt. Have
prepared slices of bread cut round, and fried in butter. Put on a hot
platter with a slice of tomato on each. Poach as many eggs as are
required, in boiling salt water. Lift out very carefully, placing one
egg on each tomato. Add to the gravy in which tomatoes were fried, two
tablespoons of cream, one teaspoon of any pungent sauce, one teaspoon of
mushroom catsup, juice of half a lemon, and a teaspoon of flour to
thicken. Cook up once and pour over eggs. Serve very hot.
EGGS POACHED IN TOMATO SAUCE
Make a sauce of one tablespoon of butter, one tablespoon of flour, one
and one-half cups of canned tomatoes rubbed through a strainer, a pinch
of soda, salt, pepper and sugar to taste. When sufficiently cooked drop
in the required number of eggs, cook until the white is firm, basting
the eggs often with the sauce. When done, lift the eggs carefully to
squares of toast and pour the sauce around them.
EGGS PIQUANT
Set to boil the following mixture: Pour into the kettle water to the
depth of about one inch, adding a little salt and half a cup of vinegar.
When this boils, break in as many fresh eggs, one at a time, as you
desire to have. Do this carefully so as not to break the yolks. As soon
as the whites of the eggs are boiled, take up carefully with a
perforated skimmer and lay in cold water. Then remove to a large platter
and pour over the following sauce: Strain the sauce the eggs were boiled
in and set away until you have rubbed or grated two hard-boiled eggs,
yolks only. Add a tablespoon of butter rubbed very hard and add also
some sugar and part of the strained sauce. Boil up once and pour over
the eggs. Garnish with parsley.
OMELET SOUFFLE
Yolks of six eggs and six tablespoons of powdered sugar, added
gradually, and both beaten together until thick and smooth; juice of one
lemon and a little grated rind; whites beaten as stiff as possible,
stirred together. Put into a warm well-buttered dish; bake in quick oven
ten minutes.
WHITE SAUCE OMELET
Make a white sauce of one tablespoon of butter blended with two
tablespoons of flour, one-half teaspoon of salt, pinch of pepper and one
teaspoon of sugar, adding one-half cup each of milk and cream. Beat the
yolks of five eggs and stir them into the sauce, then add the stiffly
beaten whites of the eggs, folding them in carefully. Melt two
tablespoons of butter in the omelet pan, when it is hot put in the
mixture and let it stand in a moderate heat for two minutes, place in a
hot oven and cook until set. Remove from the oven, turn on a hot platter
and serve.
EGGS WITH CREAM DRESSING
Blend two tablespoons of butter with three tablespoons of flour. Place
on range and stir until the butter is melted. Add one and one-half cups
of milk, stirring all the time until the mixture is thick; season with
one teaspoon of salt and a few grains of pepper. Separate the whites of
six hard-boiled eggs from the yolks. Chop the whites fine and add to the
dressing. Arrange slices of toast on a hot platter, pour the dressing
over them; force the yolks through a ricer onto the toast and dressing;
serve hot.
SCALLOPED EGGS
Use above recipe and mix one cup of bread crumbs with one tablespoon of
butter, sprinkle this over dish and bake fifteen minutes in a hot oven.
EGGS A LA MEXICANA
Boil six dried Spanish peppers twenty minutes. Drain, remove the seeds,
and chop fine. Fry in butter half an onion and one clove of garlic. Add
one cup of uncooked rice, cover with one cup of water and cook till
tender. Add a lump of butter, salt, and, when done, cover with six eggs;
then scramble all together. Serve on a hot dish.
EGGS SPANISH
Boil eggs hard; after cooling, remove shells and halve lengthwise. Cook
for thirty minutes fresh or canned tomatoes with minced green onions,
garlic, parsley, a laurel leaf, salt, pepper, and cayenne pepper to
taste. Strain. Melt a slice of butter, add a little flour, and then add
sauce gradually. Cook ten minutes; place eggs carefully in sauce and
serve.
FRESH MUSHROOMS WITH EGGS
Peel nine good-sized mushrooms without using the stems and chop very
fine; fry two tablespoons of butter and two finely chopped onions
without browning. Add the mushrooms and steam them by covering the pan
after seasoning with salt, pepper and paprika. Before serving, beat six
whole eggs and scramble with the mushrooms. Serve on hot buttered toast.
EGG RAREBIT
Make a cream sauce. Grate one-half pound American and Swiss cheese
mixed, or American alone; add to the sauce. Chop three hard-boiled eggs,
add to the sauce, season with salt and pepper, and serve on buttered
toast.
KROSPHADA
Place two sliced onions with two ounces each of sugar and spices, pepper
and salt to taste, in a pint of pure malt vinegar and boil gently until
the onions are nearly done. Let it cool a little and then stir in six
beaten eggs and sufficient crumbled ginger-bread to make the whole quite
thick. Place again over the fire for a few minutes, stirring frequently
and mashing the mixture into a uniform paste, but be very careful that
it does not boil.
CURRIED EGGS
Melt four tablespoons of butter in a frying-pan, add one onion chopped
fine and cook until straw colored. Then add one tablespoon of curry
powder. Make a smooth paste of one-fourth of a cup of water and two
tablespoons of flour; add one tablespoon of lemon juice and one-half
teaspoon of salt. Add to the first mixture; boil five minutes. Arrange
six hard-boiled eggs in a border of rice and pour the dressing over all.
FRICASSEED EGGS
Take six hard-boiled eggs, remove shells. Roll them in flour, then in
egg to which has been added one-half teaspoon of oil, one-half teaspoon
of vinegar, a few drops of onion juice, one teaspoon chopped parsley, a
little nutmeg and salt. When quite covered, roll in vermicelli that has
been broken into fine bits and fry in deep beef drippings. Serve with
the following sauce: One tablespoon of fat; one tablespoon of flour,
browned together; add one-half cup of white wine and a cup of bouillon.
Season with salt and cayenne and boil five minutes. Add one teaspoon
each of chopped chives and parsley, some chopped olives and mushrooms;
bring to a boil again and pour over the eggs.
EGGS EN MARINADE
Mix equal quantities of water and good meat gravy, two tablespoons each,
with a teaspoon of vinegar and a seasoning of pepper and salt. Put in a
stew-pan and stir in gradually two well-beaten, yolks of eggs. When it
thickens and before it boils, have ready a half dozen nicely poached
eggs and pour the sauce over them. Garnish with parsley.
SCALLOPED EGGS (FLEISCHIG)
Make a force-meat of chopped tongue, bread crumbs, pepper, salt, a
little parsley, one tablespoon of melted fat, and soup stock enough to
make a soft paste. Half fill patty-pans with the mixture. Break an egg
carefully on the top of each, sprinkle with a little salt, pepper and
cracker dust. Put in the oven and bake about ten minutes. Serve hot.
SCRAMBLED EGGS WITH BRAINS
Scald brains with hot water, clean and skin, and boil a few minutes in
fresh water. Melt a little fat in skillet, put in brains, finely
chopped, and stir well until dry and done. Add one teaspoon of chopped
parsley, pinch of salt, and three eggs well-beaten. Stir with a fork
until eggs are evenly cooked, put on hot platter, and serve immediately.
SCRAMBLED EGGS WITH SAUSAGE
Take one pound of cold, boiled sausage, skin and slice in half-inch
pieces. Place in a frying-pan with two tablespoons of hot fat; brown on
both sides a few minutes and just before serving add three eggs, beaten
slightly; mix; and cook until the eggs are set and serve immediately.
Chopped tongue root may be used instead of sausage.
SMOKED BRISKET OF BEEF AND EGGS
Take slices of smoked breast of beef, brown in frying-pan; place on hot
platter. Slip as many eggs as are needed in frying-pan and cook gently
by dripping the hot fat over them until done. Place carefully on the
beef slices and serve at once.
*CHEESE*
Cheese should not be tightly covered. When it becomes dry and hard,
grate and keep covered until ready to use. It may be added to starchy
foods.
Care should be exercised in planning meals in which cheese is employed
as a substitute for meat. As cheese dishes are inclined to be somewhat
"heavy," they should be offset by crisp, watery vegetables, water cress,
celery, lettuce, fruit salads and light desserts, preferably fresh or
cooked fruit. Another point, too, is to be considered. Whether raw or
cooked, cheese seems to call for the harder kinds of bread--crusty rolls
or biscuits, zwieback, toast, pulled bread or hard crackers.
A soft, crumbly cheese is best for cooking.
Cheese is sufficiently cooked when melted, if cooked longer it becomes
tough and leathery.
Baking-soda in cheese dishes which are cooked makes the casein more
digestible.
COTTAGE CHEESE (POT CHEESE)
Heat sour milk slowly until the whey rises to the top; pour it off, put
the curd in a bag and let it dry for six hours without squeezing it.
Pour it into a bowl and break it fine with a wooden spoon. Season with
salt. Mold into balls and keep in a cool place. It is best when fresh.
KOCH KAESE (BOILED CHEESE)
Press one quart of fine cottage cheese through a coarse sieve or
colander and set it away in a cool place for a week, stirring it once or
twice during that time; when it has become quite strong, stir it smooth
with a wooden or silver spoon; add a saltspoon of salt and one-fourth as
much of caraway seed, yolks of two eggs and an even tablespoon of flour
which has been previously dissolved in about one-half cup of cold milk;
stir the flour and milk until it is a smooth paste, adding a lump of
butter, about the size of an egg; add all to the cheese. Put the cheese
on to boil until quite thick; stirring occasionally; boil altogether
about one-half hour, stirring constantly the last ten minutes; the
cheese must look smooth as velvet. Pour it into a dish which has been
previously rinsed in cold water. Set it away in a cool place; to keep it
any length of time, cover it with a clean cloth which has been dipped in
and wrung out of beer. This cheese is excellent for rye bread
sandwiches.
A DELICIOUS CREAM CHEESE
Sweet milk is allowed to stand until it is like a jelly, but does not
separate. Then it is poured into a cheese-cloth bag and hung up to drain
until all the water is out of it and only the rich creamy substance
remains. Sometimes it takes from twelve to twenty-four hours. At the end
of this time the cheese is turned from the bag into a bowl; then to
every pint of the cheesy substance a tablespoon of butter is added and
enough salt to season it palatably. Then it is whipped up with a fork
until it is a smooth paste and enough put on a plate to make a little
brick, like a Philadelphia cheese. With two knives, one in each hand,
lightly press the cheese together in the shape of a brick, smooth it
over the top and put it away to cool. One quart of rich sour milk will
make a good sized cheese.
CHEESE BALLS, No. 1
Take one cake of cream cheese, one-quarter of a pound of chopped figs,
one-quarter of a pound of chopped walnuts, roll into balls and serve on
lettuce leaves.
CHEESE BALLS, No. 2
Mix one cake Neufchatel cheese, a piece of butter the size of the
cheese, one tablespoon of cream, one-quarter teaspoon of salt and six
dashes of Tabasco Sauce and form one large ball or several small ones
and roll in chopped pecan nuts.
CHEESE SOUFFLE
Dissolve one and one-half tablespoons of butter, add one tablespoon of
flour, stir until it loosens from the pan; add one and one-half cups of
rich milk, pepper and salt. Take from the fire, add gradually four egg
yolks and three-quarters of a cup of grated cheese, then the stiffly
beaten whites of eggs. Bake in a hot oven in china ramekins about
fifteen minutes and serve immediately.
CHEESE TIMBALS FOR TWELVE PEOPLE
Take one pint of milk, four tablespoons of flour, and use enough of the
milk to dissolve the flour, the balance put in double boiler; when it
boils, add the dissolved flour, then add one-quarter pound imported
Swiss cheese grated. Let these two boil for fifteen minutes; when cool,
add the yolks of four eggs; drop one in at a time and beat, then strain
through a fine sieve about ten minutes before you put in the pans; beat
the whites of two eggs and put in the above and mix; grease timbal
forms, fill three-quarters full only; bake in pan of boiling water
twenty minutes. Let them stand about two minutes, turn out on little
plates, and serve with tomato sauce, a sprig of parsley put on top of
each one.
WELSH RAREBIT
Melt one tablespoon of butter, add two cups finely cut American cheese,
when it melts add one-half cup of milk or stale beer, keep stirring
until it is smooth. Add one-half teaspoon of English mustard, two beaten
eggs. Cook one minute longer and salt to taste. Serve on toast.
GOLDEN BUCK
One pound of cheese, one-eighth pound of butter, one-half glass of ale,
one teaspoon of mustard, one egg (well beaten), and salt and paprika.
Put butter in pan, and when melted add cheese cut up or grated; stir,
and as cheese melts, add ale. When it begins to bubble, add egg well
beaten. Stir continually to keep from getting stringy. In two or three
minutes it will be ready to serve. Pour over hot buttered toast. This
quantity is sufficient for four persons.
CHEESE BREAD
Take six thick slices of stale bread, well buttered; cut them in two;
dip into milk; then place in a baking dish, with alternating layers of
thinly sliced cheese, having cheese for top. Add half a cup of milk,
into which a half teaspoon of dry mustard has been put. Bake in quick
oven fifteen minutes. Serve at once.
GREEN CORN, TOMATOES AND CHEESE
Into one tablespoon of melted butter stir two cups of grated cheese
until it, too, is melted. Add three-quarters of a cup of canned or
grated fresh corn, one ripe green pepper, stir them, add one egg yolk
mixed with one-half cup of tomato puree, one teaspoon of salt, one-half
teaspoon of paprika. Toast five slices of bread and pour this mixture
over it. Serve hot.
RICE AND CHEESE
Melt two ounces of butter in a stew-pan; fry in the buttery finely
minced onion. When this is of a nice golden color stir into it a
quarter of a pound of well-boiled rice. Work it well with a fork and
then pour all into a buttered pie dish. Dredge over with a good coating
of grated cheese, sprinkle the surface with melted butter and bake until
nicely browned.
MACARONI AND CHEESE
Break three ounces of macaroni--noodles or spaghetti answer equally
well--into small pieces, boil in rapidly boiling salted water; when
tender drain off the water and add half a pint of milk; cook slowly till
the macaroni has absorbed most of the milk. To half a pint of thick
white sauce add two ounces of grated cheese and mix with the macaroni;
last of all add two well-beaten eggs. Butter a pudding mold, sprinkle it
with browned bread crumbs and pour in the macaroni mixture; steam gently
for about half an hour, turn out and fill the centre with stewed
tomatoes and mushrooms.
CHEESE OMELET
Cook in double boiler one cup of milk, add one tablespoon of butter, one
tablespoon of flour blended together and cook till thick; one cup of
cheese cut up added, and stir till dissolved. Remove from fire and stir
in yolks of four eggs beaten, one-half teaspoon of salt (pepper). Fold
in whites of four eggs beaten stiff and a pinch of baking powder. Bake
in a buttered dish one-half hour.
CHEESE AND SWEET GREEN PEPPERS
Cheese and peppers make a very nice combination. Melt two ounces of
cheese, add a tablespoon of chopped peppers and the same amount of
butter, a little paprika, salt, and if liked, mustard. When the
ingredients have been well blended pour the mixture on hot buttered
toast and serve.
CHEESE FONDUE
Soak one-half cup of bread crumbs in one scant cup of milk; dissolve a
speck of bicarbonate of soda in a drop of hot water and add to the milk,
one egg, yolk and white beaten separately, one-half cup of dry cheese
grated, one tablespoon of butter, salt and pepper to taste, beat well,
pour into a well buttered baking dish, strew dry crumbs moistened with
butter over the top, and bake in a hot oven until light brown. Serve at
once in the dish in which it is baked.
TOMATOES, EGGS AND CHEESE (HUNGARIAN STYLE)
Place two tablespoons of butter in a pan (after having the water boil to
heat the pan). Let butter melt, add one small onion chopped fine and
cook until soft, a pint of tomatoes strained and let come to a boil; add
one-half pound mild cheese cut fine; and stir until smooth. Break in
three eggs and stir hard until eggs are done. Serve on buttered toast.
CRACKERS AND CHEESE
Split in two some Bent's water biscuits; moisten them with hot water and
pour over each piece a little melted butter and French mustard; then
spread with a thick layer of grated cheese; sprinkle with paprika or
cayenne. Place them in a hot oven until the cheese is soft and creamy.
RAMEKINS OF EGG AND CHEESE
Beat three new-laid eggs and blend thoroughly with two ounces of grated
cheese and one ounce of partly melted butter. Place the mixture in
little pans or saucers and bake in the oven.
*BREAD*
Home-made bread is very much more palatable and more nutritious than
baker's bread and it is worth while to spend time and effort in its
preparation.
To make good bread, it is necessary to have good flour, fresh yeast and
the liquid used in moistening must be neither too hot nor too cold or
the bread will not rise properly.
FLOUR
The housekeeper should know about the different kinds of flour. We get
the bread flour from the spring wheat; the pastry flour from the winter
wheat.
Bread flour contains more gluten than pastry flour and is used for bread
on that account. Pastry flour having less gluten and slightly more
starch is more suitable for pastry and cake mixtures and is used
wherever softness and lightness are desired.
Graham flour is the whole kernel of wheat ground.
Entire wheat flour is the flour resulting from the grinding of all but
the outer layer of the wheat.
Rye flour is next best to wheat flour for bread making, but is generally
combined with wheal flour, since by itself it makes a sticky bread.
Cornmeal is also combined with wheat flour.
Variety bread is composed of bread flour, rye flour and cornmeal
combined in one loaf.
If flour is musty; it is not kosher and must be destroyed. Keep flour
either in tins or barrels in a dry atmosphere.
YEAST
In cities where fresh compressed yeast can be obtained, it is not worth
while to prepare one's own.
Compressed yeast is always in proper condition to use until it becomes
soft, often the yeast cakes are slightly discolored, but this does not
affect the yeast, being caused by the oxidation of the starch in the
cake.
Keep yeast in cool place.
HOME MADE YEAST
Grate six large raw potatoes, have ready a gallon of water in which you
have boiled one and one-half cups of hops. Strain through a fine hair
sieve, boiling hot, over the potatoes, stirring well, or the mixture
will thicken like starch. Add a scant cup of sugar and one-half cup of
salt. When cold, add a yeast cake or a cup of fresh yeast. Let it stand
until a thick foam rises on the top. Bottle in a few days. If kept in a
cool place, this yeast will last a long time. Use one cup of yeast for
one large baking. In making yeast, from time to time, use a cup of the
same with which to start the new yeast.
One cup of liquid yeast is equal to one cake of compressed yeast.
When yeast is not obtainable to start the fermentation in making yeast,
mix a thin batter of flour and water, and let it stand in a warm place
until it is full of bubbles. This ferment has only half the strength of
yeast so double the amount must be used.
TO MAKE BREAD
Try the yeast always by setting to raise in a cup of lukewarm water or
milk, if you use compressed yeast add salt and sugar.
If it rises in the course of ten or fifteen minutes, the yeast is fit to
use. In making bread always use sifted flour. Set a sponge with lukewarm
milk or water, keeping it covered in a warm place until very light, then
mold this sponge by adding flour, until very light into one large ball,
then knead well and steadily for twenty minutes. Set to rise again in a
warm place free from drafts, and when it has risen to double its former
bulk, take a knife, cut through the dough in several places, then place
this dough on a baking board which has been sprinkled with flour. Work
with the palm of the hand, always kneading towards the centre of the
ball (the dough must rebound like a rubber ball). When this leaves the
board and the hands perfectly clean the dough may be formed into loaves
or rolls.
Place in pan, greased slightly with a good oil, let rise until the
imprint of the finger does not remain, and bake.
The oven for baking bread should be hot enough to brown a teaspoon of
flour in five minutes.
If baked in a coal range, the fire must be just the proper heat so as
not to have to add fuel or shake the stove.
If baked in a gas range, light oven to full heat five minutes before
putting the bread in the oven, and bake in a moderately hot oven
forty-five minutes, unless the loaves are very large when one hour will
be the proper time.
When taken from the oven, the bread may be wrapped in a clean towel
wrung out of warm water (this prevents the crust from becoming hard);
place bread in slanting position or allow it to cool on a wire rack.
WHITE BREAD
Set the dough at night and bake early in the morning; take one-half cake
of compressed yeast, set in a cup of lukewarm milk or water adding a
teaspoon of salt and a tablespoon of sugar. Let this rise, if it does
not, the yeast is not fresh or good. Measure eight cups of sifted flour
into a deep bread bowl, add one teaspoon of salt; make a depression in
the centre, pour in the risen yeast and one cup of lukewarm milk or
water. In winter be sure that the bowl, flour, milk, in fact everything
has been thoroughly warmed before mixing. Mix the dough slowly with a
wooden spoon and then knead as directed.
This amount will make two loaves, either twisted or in small bread pans.
Bake forty-five minutes in a moderate oven.
If the bread is set in the morning use a cake of compressed yeast and
bake the loaves in the afternoon.
INDIVIDUAL LOAVES
Make dough according to the above recipe. Work small pieces of dough
into strands a finger long, and take three strands for each loaf. Make
small as possible, brush with beaten egg; or sweetened water and
sprinkle with poppy seed (mohn). Allow them to rise before setting them
in the oven. These are called "Vienna loaves" and are used at weddings,
parties and for the Succoth festival in the Succah.
If one-half cake of yeast has been used, the half cake of yeast which is
left over, can be kept in good condition several days by rewrapping it
in the tinfoil and keeping it in a cool, dry place.
BUTTERBARCHES
Dissolve one cake of compressed yeast in one-half cup of lukewarm milk,
add a teaspoon of salt, and a tablespoon of sugar and let it rise. Then
make a soft dough of eight cups of sifted flour and as much milk as is
required to work it, about two cups; add the yeast, one-half cup of
sugar, four tablespoons of butter dissolved in the warm milk, the grated
peel of a lemon, two or three dozen raisins seeded, and two eggs well
beaten. Work this dough perfectly smooth with the palm of your hand,
adding more flour if necessary. It is hardly possible to tell the exact
amount of flour to use; experience will teach you when you have added
enough. Different brands of flour vary, some being drier than others.
Work the dough as directed, set it aside covered until it is double the
bulk of the original piece of dough. Then work again and divide the
dough into two parts, and divide each of the pieces of dough into three
parts. Work the six pieces of dough thoroughly and then roll each piece
into a long strand; three of which are to be longer than the other
three. Braid the three long strands into one braid (should be thicker in
the centre than at the end), and braid the shorter strands into one
braid and lay it on, top of the long braid, pressing the ends together.
Butter a long baking-pan, lift the barches into the pan and set in a
warm place to rise again for about one-half hour. Then brush the top
with beaten egg and sprinkle poppy seed all over the top. Bake in a
moderate oven one hour.
BARCHES
These are to be used for a meat meal and are made in the same manner as
butter barches, omitting the milk and butter; use water and a little
shortening of dripping or rendered fat or a vegetable oil; grate a dozen
almonds (blanched) and add with two well-beaten eggs, one-half cup of
sugar, salt, raisins and the grated peel of one lemon. Work just as you
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