Webster's Unabridged Dictionary

Part 7 out of 18



relating to am equal or equitable division of lands; as, the
agrarian laws of Rome, which distributed the conquered and
other public lands among citizens.
His Grace's landed possessions are irresistibly inviting to
an agrarian experiment.
Burke.
2. (Bot.) Wild; P said of plants growing in the fields.
AOgra6riOan, n. 1. One in favor of an equal division of
landed property.
2. An ~ law. [R.]
An equal agrarian is perpetual law.
Harrington.
AOgra6riOanOism (?), n. An equal or equitable division of
landed property; the principles or acts of those who favor a
redistribution of land.
AOgra6riOanOize (?), v. t. To distribute according to, or to
imbue with, the principles of agrarianism.
AOgre6, AOgree6 } (?), adv. [F.  gr. See Agree.] In good
part; kindly. [Obs.]
Rom. of R.
AOgree6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Agreed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Agreeing.] [F. agrer to accept or receive kindly, fr. 
gr;  (L. ad) + gr good will, consent, liking, fr. L.
gratus pleasing, agreeable. See Grateful.] 1. To harmonize
in opinion, statement, or action; to be in unison or
concord; to be or become united or consistent; to concur;
as, all parties agree in the expediency of the law.
If music and sweet poetry agree.
Shak.
Their witness agreed not together.
Mark xiv. 56.
The more you agree together, the less hurt can your enemies
do you.
Sir T. Browne.
2. To yield assent; to accede; P followed by to; as, to
agree to an offer, or to opinion.
3. To make a stipulation by way of settling differences or
determining a price; to exchange promises; to come to terms
or to a common resolve; to promise.
Agree with thine adversary quickly.
Matt. v. 25.
Didst not thou agree with me for a penny ?
Matt. xx. 13.
4. To be conformable; to resemble; to coincide; to
correspond; as, the picture does not agree with the
original; the two scales agree exactly.
5. To suit or be adapted in its effects; to do well; as, the
same food does not agree with every constitution.
6. (Gram.) To correspond in gender, number, case, or person.
5 The auxiliary forms of to be are often employed with the
participle agreed. =The jury were agreed.8 Macaulay. =Can
two walk together, except they be agreed ?8 Amos iii. 3. The
principal intransitive uses were probably derived from the
transitive verb used reflexively. =I agree me well to your
desire.8
Ld. Berners.
Syn. - To assent; concur; consent; acquiesce; accede;
engage; promise; stipulate; contract; bargain; correspond;
harmonize; fit; tally; coincide; comport.
AOgree6 (?), v. t. 1. To make harmonious; to reconcile or
make friends. [Obs.]
Spenser.
2. To admit, or come to one mind concerning; to settle; to
arrange; as, to agree the fact; to agree differences. [Obs.
or Archaic.]
AOgree7aObil6iOty (?), n. [OF. agreablete.] 1. Easiness of
disposition. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. The quality of being, or making one's self, agreeable;
agreeableness.
Thackeray.
AOgree6aOble (?), a. [F. agrable.] 1. Pleasing, either to
the mind or senses; pleasant; grateful; as, agreeable
manners or remarks; an agreeable person; fruit agreeable to
the taste.
A train of agreeable reveries.
Goldsmith.
2. Willing; ready to agree or consent. [Colloq.]
These Frenchmen give unto the said captain of Calais a great
sum of money, so that he will be but content and agreeable
that they may enter into the said town.
Latimer.
3. Agreeing or suitable; conformable; correspondent;
concordant; adapted; P followed by to, rarely by with.
That which is agreeable to the nature of one thing, is many
times contrary to the nature of another.
L'Estrange.
4. In pursuance, conformity, or accordance; P in this sense
used adverbially for agreeably; as, agreeable to the order
of the day, the House took up the report.
Syn. P Pleasing; pleasant; welcome; charming; acceptable;
amiable. See Pleasant.
AOgree6aObleOness, n. 1. The quality of being agreeable or
pleasing; that quality which gives satisfaction or moderate
pleasure to the mind or senses.
That author... has an agreeableness that charms us.
Pope.
2. The quality of being agreeable or suitable; suitableness
or conformity; consistency.
The agreeableness of virtuous actions to human nature.
Pearce.
3. Resemblance; concordance; harmony; P with to or between.
[Obs.]
The agreeableness between man and the other parts of the
universe.
Grew.
AOgree6aObly, adv. 1. In an agreeably manner; in a manner to
give pleasure; pleasingly. =Agreeably entertained.8
Goldsmith.
2. In accordance; suitably; consistently; conformably; P
followed by to and rarely by with. See Agreeable, 4.
The effect of which is, that marriages grow less frequent,
agreeably to the maxim above laid down.
Paley.
3. Alike; similarly. [Obs.]
Both clad in shepherds' weeds agreeably.
Spenser.
AOgree6ingOly, adv. In an agreeing manner (to);
correspondingly; agreeably. [Obs.]
AOgree6ment (?), ?. [Cf. F. agrment.] 1. State of agreeing;
harmony of opinion, statement, action, or character;
concurrence; concord; conformity; as, a good agreement
subsists among the members of the council.
What agreement hath the temple of God with idols ?
2 Cor. vi. 16.
Expansion and duration have this further agreement.
Locke.
2. (Gram.) Concord or correspondence of one word with
another in gender, number, case, or person.
3. (Law) (a) A concurrence in an engagement that something
shall be done or omitted; an exchange of promises; mutual
understanding, arrangement, or stipulation; a contract. (b)
The language, oral or written, embodying reciprocal
promises.
Abbott. Brande & C.
Syn. - Bargain; contract; compact; stipulation.
AOgre6er (?), n. One who agrees.
AOgres6tic (?), a. [L. agrestis, fr. ager field.] Pertaining
to fields or the country, in opposition to the city; rural;
rustic; unpolished; uncouth. =Agrestic behavior.8
Gregory.
AOgres6ticOal (?), a. Agrestic. [Obs.]
AOgric7oOla6tion (?), n. [L., agricolatio.] Agriculture.
[Obs.]
Bailey.
AOgric6oOlist (?), n. A cultivator of the soil; an
agriculturist.
Dodsley.
Ag6riOcul7tor (?), n. [L., fr. ager field + cultor
cultivator.] An agriculturist; a farmer. [R.]
Ag7riOcul6turOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to agriculture;
connected with, or engaged in, tillage; as, the agricultural
class; agricultural implements, wages, etc. P
Ag7riOcul6turOalOly, adv.
w ant (Zol.), a species of ant which gathers and stores
seeds of grasses, for food. The remarkable species (Myrmica
barbata) found in Texas clears circular areas and carefully
cultivates its favorite grain, known as ant rice.
Ag7riOcul6turOalOist, n. An agriculturist (which is the
preferred form.)
Ag6riOcul7ture (?; 135), n. [L. agricultura; ager field +
cultura cultivation: cf. F. agriculture. See Acre and
Culture.] The art or science of cultivating the ground,
including the harvesting of crops, and the rearing and
management of live stock; tillage; husbandry; farming.
Ag7riOcul6turOism (?), n. Agriculture. [R.]
Ag7riOcul6turOist, n. One engaged or skilled in agriculture;
a husbandman.
The farmer is always a practitioner, the agriculturist may
be a mere theorist.
Crabb.
AOgrief6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + grief.] In grief; amiss.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ag6riOmoOny (?), n. [OE. agremoyne, OF. aigremoine, L.
agrimonia for argemonia, fr. Gr. ?.] (Bot.) (a) A genus of
plants of the Rose family. (b) The name is also given to
various other plants; as, hemp agrimony (Eupatorium
cannabinum); water agrimony (Bidens).
5 The Agrimonia eupatoria, or common ~, a perennial herb
with a spike of yellow flowers, was once esteemed as a
medical remedy, but is now seldom used.




AOgrin6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + grin.] In the act of
grinning. =His visage all agrin.8
Tennyson.

Ag7riOol6oOgist (?), n. One versed or engaged in agriology.
Ag7riOol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? wild, savage + Ology.]
Description or comparative study of the customs of savage or
uncivilized tribes.
AOgrise6 (?), v. i. [AS. >grFsan to dread; >O (cf. Goth.
usO, Ger. erO, orig. meaning out) + grFsan, for gr?san (only
in comp.), akin to OHG. gr?is?n, G. grausen, to shudder. See
Grisly.] To shudder with terror; to tremble with fear.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
AOgrise6, v. t. 1. To shudder at; to abhor; to dread; to
loathe. [Obs.]
Wyclif.
2. To terrify; to affright. [Obs.]
His manly face that did his foes agrise.
Spenser.
X A6grom (?), n. [Native name.] (Med.) A disease occurring
in Bengal and other parts of the East Indies, in which the
tongue chaps and cleaves.
Ag7roOnom6ic (?), Ag7roOnom6icOal (?), } [Cf. F.
agronomique.] Pertaining to agronomy, of the management of
farms.
Ag7roOnom6ics (?), n. The science of the distribution and
management of land.
AOgron6oOmist (?), n. One versed in agronomy; a student of
agronomy.
AOgron6oOmy (?), n. [Gr. ? rural; as a noun, an overseer of
the public lands; ? field + ? usage, ? to deal out, manage:
cf. F. agronomie.] The management of land; rural economy;
agriculture.
AOgrope6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + grope.] In the act of
groping.
Mrs. Browning.
X AOgros6tis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.] A genus of grasses,
including species called in common language bent grass. Some
of them, as redtop (Agrostis vulgaris), are valuable pasture
grasses.
AOgros7toOgraph6ic (?), AOgros7toOgraph6icOal (?), } a. [Cf.
F. agrostographique.] Pertaining to agrostography.
Ag7rosOtog6raOphy (?), n. [Gr. ? + Ography.] A description
of the grasses.
AOgros7toOlog6ic (?), AOgros7toOlog6icOal (?), } a.
Pertaining to agrostology.
Ag7rosOtol6oOgist (?), n. One skilled in agrostology.
Ag7rosOtol6ogy (?), n. [Gr. ? + Ology.] That part of botany
which treats of the grasses.
AOground6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + ground.] On the ground;
stranded; P a nautical term applied to a ship when its
bottom lodges on the ground.
Totten.
AOgroup6ment (?), n. See Aggroupment.
Ag7rypOnot6ic (?), n. [Gr. ? sleepless; ? to chase, search
for + ? sleep: cf. F. agrypnotique.] Anything which prevents
sleep, or produces wakefulness, as strong tea or coffee.
X A7guarOdiOen6te (?), n. [Sp., contr. of agua ardiente
burning water (L. aqua water + ardens burning).] 1. A
inferior brandy of Spain and Portugal.
2. A strong alcoholic drink, especially pulque. [Mexico and
Spanish America.]
A6gue (?), n. [OE. agu, ague, OF. agu, F. aigu, sharp, OF.
fem. ague, LL. (febris) acuta, a sharp, acute fever, fr. L.
acutus sharp. See Acute.] 1. An acute fever. [Obs.]
=Brenning agues.8
P. Plowman.
2. (Med.) An intermittent fever, attended by alternate cold
and hot fits.
3. The cold fit or rigor of the intermittent fever; as,
fever and ague.
4. A chill, or state of shaking, as with cold.
Dryden.
w cake, an enlargement of the spleen produced by ~. P w
drop, a solution of the arsenite of potassa used for ~. P w
fit, a fit of the ~. Shak. P w spell, a spell or charm
against ~. Gay. P w tree, the sassafras, P sometimes so
called from the use of its root formerly, in cases of ~.
[Obs.]
A6gue, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Agued (?).] To strike with an ~,
or with a cold fit.
Heywood.
AOguilt6 (?), v. t. To be guilty of; to offend; to sin
against; to wrong. [Obs.]
Chaucer.

AOguise6 (?), n. Dress. [Obs.]
Dr. H. More.
AOguise6, v. t. [Pref aO + guise.] To dress; to attire; to
adorn. [Obs.]
Above all knights ye goodly seem aguised.
Spenser.
A6guOish (?), a. 1. Having the qualities of an ague;
somewhat cold or shivering; chilly; shaky.
Her aguish love now glows and burns.
Granville.
2. Productive of, or affected by, ague; as, the aguish
districts of England.
T. Arnold.
P A6guOishOly, adv. P A6guOishOness, n.
AOgush6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + gush.] In a gushing
state.
Hawthorne.
Ag6yOnous (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? woman.] (Bot.) Without
female organs; male.
Ah (?), interj. [OE. a: cf. OF. a, F. ah, L. ah, Gr. ?, Sk.
>, Icel. , OHG. >, Lith. , .] An exclamation, expressive
of surprise, pity, complaint, entreaty, contempt,
threatening, delight, triumph, etc., according to the manner
of utterance.
AOha6 (?), interj. [Ah, interj. + ha.] An exclamation
expressing, by different intonations, triumph, mixed with
derision or irony, or simple surprise.
AOha6, n. A sunk fence. See HaPha.
Mason.
AOhead6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + head.] 1. In or to the front;
in advance; onward.
The island bore but a little ahead of us.
Fielding.
2. Headlong; without restraint. [Obs.]
L'Estrange.

To go ~. (a) To go in advance. (b) To go on onward. (c) To
push on in an enterprise. [Colloq.] P To get ~ of. (a) To
get in advance of. (b) To surpass; to get the better of.
[Colloq.]
AOheap6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + heap.] In a heap; huddled
together.
Hood.
AOheight6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + height.] Aloft; on high.
[Obs.] =Look up aheight.8
Shak.
AOhem6 (?), interj. An exclamation to call one's attention;
hem.
AOhey6 (?), interj. Hey; ho.
AOhigh6 (?), adv. On high. [Obs.]
Shak.
AOhold6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + hold.] Near the wind; as, to
lay a ship ahold. [Obs.]
Shak.
AOhorse6back (?), adv. On horseback.
Two suspicious fellows ahorseback.
Smollet.
AOhoy6 (?), interj. [OE. a, interj. + hoy.] (Naut.) A term
used in hailing; as, =Ship ahoy.8
X Ah6riOman (?), n. [Per.] The Evil Principle or Being of
the ancient Persians; the Prince of Darkness as opposer to
Ormuzd, the King of Light.
X A6hu (?), n. [Native name.] (Zol.) The Asiatic gazelle.
AOhull6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO = hull.] (Naut.) With the sails
furled, and the helm lashed alee; P applied to ships in a
storm. See Hull, n.
AOhun6gered (?), a. [Pref. aO + hungered.] Pinched with
hunger; very hungry.
C. Bront.
A6i (?), n.; pl. Ais (?). [Braz. a , ha , from the animal's
cry: cf. F. a .] (Zol.) The threePtoed sloth (Bradypus
tridactylus) of South America. See Sloth.
X Ai6blins, A6blins (?), adv. [See Able.] Perhaps; possibly.
[Scotch]
Burns.
Aich's met6al (?). A kind of gun metal, containing copper,
zinc, and iron, but no tin.
Aid (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aided (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Aiding.] [F. aider, OF. aidier, fr. L. adjutare to help,
freq. of adjuvare to help; ad + juvare to help. Cf.
Adjutant.] To support, either by furnishing strength or
means in coperation to effect a purpose, or to prevent or
to remove evil; to help; to assist.
You speedy helpers...
Appear and aid me in this enterprise.
Shak.
Syn. - To help; assist; support; sustain; succor; relieve;
befriend; coperate; promote. See Help.
Aid, n. [F. aide, OF. a de, a e, fr. the verb. See Aid, v.
t.] 1. Help; succor; assistance; relief.
An unconstitutional mode of obtaining aid.
Hallam.
2. The person or thing that promotes or helps in something
done; a helper; an assistant.
It is not good that man should be alone; let us make unto
him an aid like unto himself.
Tobit viii. 6.
3. (Eng. Hist.) A subsidy granted to the king by Parliament;
also, an exchequer loan.
4. (Feudal Law) A pecuniary tribute paid by a vassal to his
lord on special occasions.
Blackstone.
5. An ~PdePcamp, so called by abbreviation; as, a general's
aid.
w prayer (Law), a proceeding by which a defendant beseeches
and claims assistance from some one who has a further or
more permanent interest in the matter in suit. P To pray in
~, to beseech and claim such assistance.
Aid6ance (?), n. [Cf. OF. aidance.] Aid. [R.]
Aidance 'gainst the enemy.
Shak.
Aid6ant (?), a. [Cf. F. aidant, p. pr. of aider to help.]
Helping; helpful; supplying aid.
Shak.
Aid6PdePcamp7 (?), n.; pl. AidsPdePcamp. (?). [F. aide de
camp (literally) camp assistant.] (Mil.) An officer selected
by a general to carry orders, also to assist or represent
him in correspondence and in directing movements.
Aid6er (?), n. One who, or that which, aids.
Aid6ful (?), a. Helpful. [Archaic.]
Bp. Hall.
Aid6less, a. Helpless; without aid.
Milton.
Aid6Pma7jor (?), n. The adjutant of a regiment.
Ai6el (?), n. See Ayle. [Obs.]
Aig6let (?), n. Same as Aglet.
Ai6gre (?), a. [F. See Eager.] Sour. [Obs.]
Shak.
X Ai6greOmore (?), n. [F. origin unknown.] Charcoal prepared
for making powder.
Ai6gret (?), AiOgrette (?), } n. [F., a sort of white heron,
with a tuft of feathers on its head; a tuft of feathers;
dim. of the same word as heron. See Heron, and cf. Egret,
Egrette.] 1. (Zol.) The small white European heron. See
Egret.
2. A plume or tuft for the head composed of feathers, or of
gems, etc.
Prescott.
3. A tuft like that of the egret. (Bot.) A feathery crown of
seed; egret; as, the aigrette or down of the dandelion or
the thistle.
X Ai7guille6 (?), n. [F., a needle. See Aglet.] 1. A
needlePshaped peak.
2. An instrument for boring holes, used in blasting.
Ai7guilOlette6 (?), n. [F. See Aglet.] 1. A point or tag at
the end of a fringe or lace; an aglet.
2. One of the ornamental tags, cords, or loops on some
military and naval uniforms.
Ai6guOlet (?), n. See Aglet.
Spenser.
Ail (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ailed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ailing.] [OE. eilen, ailen, AS. eglan to trouble, pain; akin
to Goth. usPagljan to distress, agls troublesome, irksome,
aglo, aglitha, pain, and prob. to E. awe. ?.] To affect with
pain or uneasiness, either physical or mental; to trouble;
to be the matter with; P used to express some uneasiness or
affection, whose cause is unknown; as, what ails the man? I
know not what ails him.
What aileth thee, Hagar?
Gen. xxi. 17.
5 It is never used to express a specific disease. We do not
say, a fever ails him; but, something ails him.
Ail, v. i. To be affected with pain or uneasiness of any
sort; to be ill or indisposed or in trouble.
When he ails ever so little... he is so peevish.
Richardson.
Ail, n. Indisposition or morbid affection.
Pope.
AiOlan6thus (?), n. Same as Ailantus.
AiOlan6tus (?), n. [From aylanto, i. e., tree of heaven, the
name of the tree in the Moluccas.] (Bot.) A genus of
beautiful trees, natives of the East Indies. The tree
imperfectly di?cious, and the staminate or male plant is
very offensive when blossom.
AiOlette (?), n. [F. ailette, dim. of aile wing, L. ala.] A
small square shield, formerly worn on the shoulders of
knights, P being the prototype of the modern epaulet.
Fairholt.
Ail6ment (?), n. Indisposition; morbid affection of the
body; P not applied ordinarily to acute diseases. =Little
ailments.8
Landsdowne.
X Ai7luOroid6eOa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? cat + Ooid.]
(Zol.) A group of the Carnivora, which includes the cats,
civets, and hyenas.
Aim (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Aimed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Aiming.] [OE. amen, aimen, eimen, to guess at, to estimate,
to aim, OF. esmer, asmer, fr. L. aestimare to estimate; or
perh. fr. OF. aesmer; ? (L. ad) + esmer. See Estimate.] 1.
To point or direct a missile weapon, or a weapon which
propels as missile, towards an object or spot with the
intent of hitting it; as, to aim at a fox, or at a target.
2. To direct the indention or purpose; to attempt the
accomplishment of a purpose; to try to gain; to endeavor; P
followed by at, or by an infinitive; as, to aim at
distinction; to aim to do well.
Aim'st thou at princes?
Pope.
3. To guess or conjecture. [Obs.]
Shak.
Aim, v. t. To direct or point, as a weapon, at a particular
object; to direct, as a missile, an act, or a proceeding,
at, to, or against an object; as, to aim a musket or an
arrow, the fist or a blow (at something); to aim a satire or
a reflection (at some person or vice).
Aim, n. [Cf. OF. esme estimation, fr. esmer. See Aim, v. i.]
1. The pointing of a weapon, as a gun, a dart, or an arrow,
in the line of direction with the object intended to be
struck; the line of fire; the direction of anything, as a
spear, a blow, a discourse, a remark, towards a particular
point or object, with a view to strike or affect it.
Each at the head leveled his deadly aim.
Milton.

2. The point intended to be hit, or object intended to be
attained or affected.
To be the aim of every dangerous shot.
Shak.
3. Intention; purpose; design; scheme.
How oft ambitious aims are crossed!
Pope.
4. Conjecture; guess. [Obs.]
What you would work me to, I have some aim.
Shak.
To cry ~ (Archery), to encourage. [Obs.]
Shak.
Syn. - End; object; scope; drift; design; purpose;
intention; scheme; tendency; aspiration.
Aim6er (?), n. One who aims, directs, or points.
Aim6less, a. Without aim or purpose; as, an aimless life. P
Aim6lessOly, adv. P Aim6lessOness, n.
Ai6no (?), n. [Said to be the native name for man.] One of a
peculiar race inhabiting Yesso, the Kooril Islands etc., in
the northern part of the empire of Japan, by some supposed
to have been the progenitors of the Japanese. The Ainos are
stout and short, with hairy bodies.
Ain't (?). A contraction for are not and am not; also used
for is not. [Colloq. or llliterate speech] See An't.
Air (?), n. [OE. air, eir, F. air, L. a r, fr. Gr. ?, ~,
mist, for ?, fr. root ? to blow, breathe, probably akin to
E. wind. In sense 10 the French has taking a meaning fr. It.
aria atmosphere, ~, fr. the same Latin word; and in senses
11, 12, 13 the French meaning is either fr. L. aria, or due
to confusion with F. aire, in an older sense of origin,
descent. Cf. A?ry, Debonair, Malaria, Wind.] 1. The fluid
which we breathe, and which surrounds the earth; the
atmosphere. It is invisible, inodorous, insipid,
transparent, compressible, elastic, and ponderable.
5 By the ancient philosophers, air was regarded as an
element; but modern science has shown that it is essentially
a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen, with a small amount of
carbon dioxide, the average proportions being, by volume:
oxygen, 20.96 per cent.; nitrogen, 79.00 per cent.; carbon
dioxide, 0.04 per cent. These proportions are subject to a
very slight variability. w also always contains some vapor
of water.
2. Symbolically: Something unsubstantial, light, or
volatile. =Charm ache with air.8
Shak.
He was still all air and fire. Macaulay. [Air and fire being
the finer and quicker elements as opposed to earth and
water.]
3. A particular state of the atmosphere, as respects heat,
cold, moisture, etc., or as affecting the sensations; as, a
smoky air, a damp air, the morning air, etc.
4. Any a riform body; a gas; as, oxygen was formerly called
vital air. [Obs.]
5. Air in motion; a light breeze; a gentle wind.
Let vernal airs through trembling osiers play.
Pope.
6. Odoriferous or contaminated ~.
7. That which surrounds and influences.
The keen, the wholesome air of poverty.
Wordsworth.
8. Utterance abroad; publicity; vent.
You gave it air before me.
Dryden.
9. Intelligence; information. [Obs.]
Bacon.
10. (Mus.) (a) A musical idea, or motive, rhythmically
developed in consecutive single tones, so as to form a
symmetrical and balanced whole, which may be sung by a
single voice to the stanzas of a hymn or song, or even to
plain prose, or played upon an instrument; a melody; a tune;
an aria. (b) In harmonized chorals, psalmody, part songs,
etc., the part which bears the tune or melody P in modern
harmony usually the upper part P is sometimes called the
air.
11. The peculiar look, appearance, and bearing of a person;
mien; demeanor; as, the air of a youth; a heavy air; a lofty
air. =His very air.8
Shak.
12. Peculiar appearance; apparent character; semblance;
manner; style.
It was communicated with the air of a secret.
Pope.
12. pl. An artificial or affected manner; show of




pride or vanity; haughtiness; as, it is said of a person, he
puts on airs.
Thackeray.
14. (Paint.) (a) The representation or reproduction of the
effect of the atmospheric medium through which every object
in nature is viewed. New Am. Cyc. (b) Carriage; attitude;
action; movement; as, the head of that portrait has a good
air.
Fairholt.
15. (Man.) The artificial motion or carriage of a horse.
5 Air is much used adjectively or as the first part of a
compound term. In most cases it might be written
indifferently, as a separate limiting word, or as the first
element of the compound term, with or without the hyphen;
as, air bladder, airPbladder, or airbladder; air cell,
airPcell, or aircell; airPpump, or airpump.
w balloon. See Balloon. P w bath. (a) An apparatus for the
application of ~ to the body. (b) An arrangement for drying
substances in ~ of any desired temperature. P w castle. See
Castle in the air, under Castle. P w compressor, a machine
for compressing ~ to be used as a motive power. P w
crossing, a passage for ~ in a mine. P w cushion, an ~Ptight
cushion which can be inflated; also, a device for arresting
motion without shock by confined ~. P w fountain, a
contrivance for producing a jet of water by the force of
compressed ~. P w furnace, a furnace which depends on a
natural draft and not on blast. P w line, a straight line; a
bee line. Hence wPline, adj.; airPline road. P w lock (Hydr.
Engin.), an intermediate chamber between the outer ~ and the
compressedP~ chamber of a pneumatic caisson. Knight. P w
port (Nav.), a scuttle or porthole in a ship to admit ~. P w
spring, a spring in which the elasticity of ~ is utilized. P
w thermometer, a form of thermometer in which the
contraction and expansion of ~ is made to measure changes of
temperature. P w threads, gossamer. P ~ trap, a contrivance
for shutting off foul ~ or gas from drains, sewers, etc.; a
stench trap. P w trunk, a pipe or shaft for conducting foul
or heated ~ from a room. P w valve, a valve to regulate the
admission or egress of ~; esp. a valve which opens inwardly
in a steam boiler and allows ~ to enter. P w way, a passage
for a current of ~; as the air way of an ~ pump; an air way
in a mine. P In the ~. (a) Prevalent without traceable
origin or authority, as rumors. (b) Not in a fixed or stable
position; unsettled. (c) (Mil.) Unsupported and liable to be
turned or taken in flank; as, the army had its wing in the
air. P To take ~, to be divulged; to be made public. P To
take the ~, to go abroad; to walk or ride out.
Air (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aired (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Airing.] [See Air, n., and cf. A?rate.] 1. To expose to the
~ for the purpose of cooling, refreshing, or purifying; to
ventilate; as, to air a room.
It were good wisdom... that the jail were aired.
Bacon.
Were you but riding forth to air yourself.
Shak.
2. To expose for the sake of public notice; to display
ostentatiously; as, to air one's opinion.
Airing a snowy hand and signet gem.
Tennyson.
3. To expose to heat, for the purpose of expelling dampness,
or of warming; as, to air linen; to air liquors.
Air6 bed7 (?). A sack or matters inflated with air, and used
as a bed.
Air6 blad7der (?). 1. (Anat.) An air sac, sometimes double
or variously lobed, in the visceral cavity of many fishes.
It originates in the same way as the lungs of airPbreathing
vertebrates, and in the adult may retain a tubular
connection with the pharynx or esophagus.
2. A sac or bladder full of air in an animal or plant; also
an air hole in a casting.
Air6 brake7 (?). (Mach.) A railway brake operated by
condensed air.
Knight.
Air6Pbuilt7 (?), a. Erected in the air; having no solid
foundation; chimerical; as, an airPbuilt castle.
Air6 cell7 (?). 1. (Bot.) A cavity in the cellular tissue of
plants, containing air only.
2. (Anat.) A receptacle of air in various parts of the
system; as, a cell or minute cavity in the walls of the air
tubes of the lungs; the air sac of birds; a dilatation of
the air vessels in insects.
Air6 cham7ber (?). 1. A chamber or cavity filled with air,
in an animal or plant.
2. A cavity containing air to act as a spring for equalizing
the flow of a liquid in a pump or other hydraulic machine.
Air6 cock7 (?). A faucet to allow escape of air.
Air6Pdrawn6 (?), a. Drawn in air; imaginary.
This is the airPdrawn dagger.
Shak.
Air6 drill7 (?). A drill driven by the elastic pressure of
condensed air; a pneumatic drill.
Knight.
Air6 engine7 (?). An engine driven by heated or by
compressed air.
Knight.
Air6er (?), n. 1. One who exposes to the air.
2. A frame on which clothes are aired or dried.
Air6 gas7 (?). See under Gas.
Air6 gun7 (?). A kind of gun in which the elastic force of
condensed air is used to discharge the ball. The air is
powerfully compressed into a reservoir attached to the gun,
by a condensing pump, and is controlled by a valve actuated
by the trigger.
Air6 hole7 (?). 1. A hole to admit or discharge air;
specifically, a spot in the ice not frozen over.
2. (Founding) A fault in a casting, produced by a bubble of
air; a blowhole.
Air6iOly (?), adv. In an airy manner; lightly; gaily;
jauntily; fippantly.
Air6iOness, n. 1. The state or quality of being airy;
openness or exposure to the air; as, the airiness of a
country seat.
2. Lightness of spirits; gayety; levity; as, the airiness of
young persons.
Air6ing (?), n. 1. A walk or a ride in the open air; a short
excursion for health's sake.
2. An exposure to air, or to a fire, for warming, drying,
etc.; as, the airing of linen, or of a room.
Air6 jack7et (?). A jacket having airPtight cells, or
cavities which can be filled with air, to render persons
buoyant in swimming.
Air6less (?), a. Not open to a free current of air; wanting
fresh air, or communication with the open air.
Air6 lev7el (?). Spirit level. See Level.
Air6like7 (?), a. Resembling air.
Air6ling (?), n. A thoughtless, gay person. [Obs.] =Slight
airlings.8
B. Jonson.
AirOom6eOter (?), n. [Air + Ometer.] A hollow cylinder to
contain air. It is closed above and open below, and has its
open end plunged into water.
Air6 pipe7 (?). A pipe for the passage of air; esp. a
ventilating pipe.
Air6 plant7 (?). (Bot.) A plant deriving its sustenance from
the air alone; an a rophyte.
5 The =Florida moss8 (Tillandsia), many tropical orchids,
and most mosses and lichens are air plants. Those which are
lodged upon trees, but not parasitic on them, are epiphytes.
Air6 poise7 (?). [See Poise.] A? ? measure the weight of
air.
Air6 pump7 (?). 1. (Physics) A kind of pump for exhausting
air from a vessel or closed space; also, a pump to condense
air of force in into a closed space.
2. (Steam Engines) A pump used to exhaust from a condenser
the condensed steam, the water used for condensing, and any
commingled air.
Air6 sac7 (?). (Anat.) One of the spaces in different parts.
of the bodies of birds, which are filled with air and
connected with the air passages of the lungs; an air cell.
Air6 shaft7 (?). A passage, usually vertical, for admitting
fresh air into a mine or a tunnel.
Air6Pslacked7 (?), a. Slacked, or pulverized, by exposure to
the air; as, airPslacked lime.
Air6 stove7 (?). A stove for heating a current of air which
is directed against its surface by means of pipes, and then
distributed through a building.
Air6Ptight7 (?), a. So tight as to be impermeable to air;
as, an airPtight cylinder.
Air6Ptight7, n. A stove the draft of which can be almost
entirely shut off. [Colloq. U. S.]
Air6 ves7sel (?). A vessel, cell, duct, or tube containing
or conducting air; as the air vessels of insects, birds,
plants, etc.; the air vessel of a pump, engine, etc. For the
latter, see Air chamber. The air vessels of insects are
called trache, of plants spiral vessels.
Air6ward (?), Air6wards (?), } adv. Toward the air; upward.
[R.]
Keats.
Air6y (?), a. 1. Consisting of air; as, an airy substance;
the airy parts of bodies.
2. Relating or belonging to air; high in air; a rial; as, an
airy flight. =The airy region.8
Milton.

3. Open to a free current of air; exposed to the air;
breezy; as, an airy situation.
4. Resembling air; thin; unsubstantial; not material;
airlike. =An airy spirit.8
Shak.
5. Relating to the spirit or soul; delicate; graceful; as,
airy music.
6. Without reality; having no solid foundation; empty;
trifling; visionary. =Airy fame.8
Shak.
Empty sound, and airy notions.
Roscommon.
7. Light of heart; vivacious; sprightly; flippant;
superficial. =Merry and airy.8
Jer. Taylor.
8. Having an affected manner; being in the habit of putting
on airs; affectedly grand. [Colloq.]
9. (Paint.) Having the light and a rial tints true to
nature.
Elmes.
Aisle (?), n. [OF. ele, F. aile, wing, wing of a building,
L. ala, contr. fr. axilla.] (Arch.) (a) A lateral division
of a building, separated from the middle part, called the
nave, by a row of columns or piers, which support the roof
or an upper wall containing windows, called the clearstory
wall. (b) Improperly used also for the have; P as in the
phrases, a church with three aisles, the middle aisle. (c)
Also (perhaps from confusion with alley), a passage into
which the pews of a church open.
Aisled (?), a. Furnished with an aisle or aisles.
Ais6less (?), a. Without an aisle.
Ait (?), n. [AS. ?, ?, perh. dim. of Feg, Fg, island. See
Eyot.] An islet, or little isle, in a river or lake; an
eyot.
The ait where the osiers grew.
R. Hodges (1649).
Among green aits and meadows.
Dickens.
Ait (?), n. Oat. [Scot.]
Burns.
Aitch (?), n. The letter h or H.
Aitch6bone7 (?), n. [For nachebone. For loss of n, cf.
Adder. See Natch.] The bone of the rump; also, the cut of
beef surrounding this bone. [Spelt also edgebone.]
Ai7tiOol6oOgy (?), n. See tiology.
AOjar6 (?), adv. [OE. on char ~, on the turn; AS. cerr,
cyrr, turn, akin to G. kehren to turn, and to D. akerre. See
Char.] Slightly turned or opened; as, the door was standing
ajar.
AOjar6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + jar.] In a state of discord;
out of harmony; as, he is ajar with the world.
AOjog6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + jog.] On the jog.
Aj6uOtage (?), n. [F. ajutage, for ajoutage, fr. ajouter to
add, LL. adjuxtare, fr. L. ad + juxta near to, nigh. Cf.
Adjutage, Adjustage, Adjust.] A tube through which is water
is discharged; an efflux tube; as, the ajutage of a
fountain.
Ake (?), n. & v. See Ache.
AOkene6 (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Achene.
Ak6eOton (?), n. [Obs.] See Acton.
AOkim6bo (?), a. [Etymology unknown. Cf. Kimbo.] With a
crook or bend; with the hand on the hip and elbow turned
outward. =With one arm akimbo.8
Irving.
AOkin6 (?), a. [Pref. aO (for of) + kin.] 1. Of the same
kin; related by blood; P used of persons; as, the two
families are near akin.
2. Allied by nature; partaking of the same properties; of
the same kind. =A joy akin to rapture.8
Cowper.
The literary character of the work is akin to its moral
character.
Jeffrey.
5 This adjective is used only after the noun.
X Ak7iOne6siOa (?), n. [Gr. ? quiescence; ? priv. + ?
motion.] (Med.) Paralysis of the motor nerves; loss of
movement.
Foster.
Ak7iOne6sic (?), a. (med.) Pertaining to akinesia.
AOknee6 (?), adv. On the knee. [R.]
Southey.
AkOnow6 (?). Earlier form of Acknow. [Obs.]
To be ~, to acknowledge; to confess. [Obs.]
Al (?), a. All. [Obs.]
Chaucer.

AlO. A prefix. (a) [AS. eal.] All; wholly; completely; as,
almighty,almost. (b) [L. ad.] To; at; on; P in OF. shortened
to aO. See AdO. (c) The Arabic definite article answering to
the English the; as, Alkoran, the Koran or the Book;
alchemy, the chemistry.
Al. conj. Although; if. [Obs.] See All, conj.
X A6la (?), n.; pl. Al (?). [L., a wing.] (Biol.) A
winglike organ, or part.
Al7aOba6ma pe6riOod (?). (Geol.) A period in the American
eocene, the lowest in the tertiary age except the lignitic.
Al6aObas6ter (?), n. [L. alabaster, Gr. ?, said to be
derived fr. Alabastron, the name of a town in Egypt, near
which it was common: cf. OF. alabastre, F. albtre.] 1.
(Min.) (a) A compact variety or sulphate of lime, or gypsum,
of ??ne texture, and usually white and translucent, but
sometimes yellow, red, or gray. It is carved into vases,
mantel ornaments, etc. (b) A hard, compact variety of
carbonate of lime, somewhat translucent, or of banded shades
of color; stalagmite. The name is used in this sense by
Pliny. It is sometimes distinguished as oriental alabaster.
2. A box or vessel for holding odoriferous ointments, etc.;
P so called from the stone of which it was originally made.
Fosbroke.
Al7aObas6triOan (?), a. Alabastrine.
Al7aObas6trine (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or like,
alabaster; as alabastrine limbs.
X Al7aObas6trum (?), n.; pl. Alabastra (?). [NL.] (Bot.) A
flower bud.
Gray.
AOlack6 (?), interj. [Prob. from ah! lack! OE. lak loss,
failure, misfortune. See Lack.] An exclamation expressive of
sorrow. [Archaic. or Poet.]
Shak.
AOlack6aOday7 (?), interj. [For alack the day. Cf.
Lackaday.] An exclamation expressing sorrow.
5 Shakespeare has =alack the day8 and =alack the heavy day.8
Compare =woe worth the day.8
AOlac6riOfy (?), v. t. [L. alacer, alacris, lively + Ofly.]
To rouse to action; to inspirit.
AOlac6riOous (?), a. [L. alacer, alacris.] Brisk; joyously
active; lively.
'T were well if we were a little more alacrious.
Hammond.
AOlac6riOousOly, adv. With alacrity; briskly.
AOlac6riOousOness, n. Alacrity. [Obs.]
Hammond.
AOlac6riOty (?), n. [L. alacritas, fr. alacer lively, eager,
prob. akin to Gr. ? to drive, Goth. aljan zeal.] A cheerful
readiness, willingness, or promptitude; joyous activity;
briskness; sprightliness; as, the soldiers advanced with
alacrity to meet the enemy.
I have not that alacrity of spirit,
Nor cheer of mind that I was wont to have.
Shak.
AOlad6inOist (?), n. [From Aladin, for Ala Eddin, i. e.,
height of religion, a learned divine under Mohammed II. and
Bajazet II.] One of a sect of freethinkers among the
Mohammedans.
Al7aOlon6ga (?), or Al7iOlon6ghi (?), n. (Zol.) The tunny.
See Albicore.
X A7laOmi6re (?), n. [Compounded of a la mi re, names of
notes in the musical scale.] The lowest note but one in
Guido Aretino's scale of music.
Al7aOmoOdal6iOty (?), n. The quality of being  la mode;
conformity to the mode or fashion; fashionableness. [R.]
Southey.
Al6aOmode7 (?), adv. & a. [F.  la mode after the fashion.]
According to the fashion or prevailing mode. =Alamode beef
shops.8
Macaulay.
Al6aOmode7, n. A thin, black silk for hoods, scarfs, etc.; P
often called simply mode.
Buchanan.
Al7aOmort6 (?), a. [F.  la mort to the death. Cf. Amort.]
To the death; mortally.
AOlan6 (?), n. [OF. alan, alant; cf. Sp. alano.] A
wolfhound. [Obs.]
Chaucer.

AOland6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + land.] On land; to the land;
ashore. =Cast aland.8
Sir P. Sidney.
Al6aOnine (?), n. [Aldehyde + the ending Oine. The OanO is a
euphonic insertion.] (Chem.) A white crystalline base,
C3H7NO2, derived from aldehyde ammonia.
AOlan6tin (?), n. [G. alant elecampane, the Inula helenium
of Linnus.] (Chem.) See Inulin.
A6lar (?), a. [L. alarius, fr. ala wing: cf. F. alaire.] 1.
Pertaining to, or having, wings.
2. (Bot.) Axillary; in the fork or axil.
Gray.




AOlarm6 (?), n. [F. alarme, It. all' arme to arms ! fr. L.
arma, pl., arms. See Arms, and cf. Alarum.] 1. A summons to
arms, as on the approach of an enemy.
Arming to answer in a night alarm.
Shak.
2. Any sound or information intended to give notice of
approaching danger; a warming sound to arouse attention; a
warning of danger.
Sound an alarm in my holy mountain.
Joel ii. 1.
3. A sudden attack; disturbance; broil. [R.] =These home
alarms.8
Shak.
Thy palace fill with insults and alarms.
Pope.
4. Sudden surprise with fear or terror excited by
apprehension of danger; in the military use, commonly,
sudden apprehension of being attacked by surprise.
Alarm and resentment spread throughout the camp.
Macaulay.
5. A mechanical contrivance for awaking persons from sleep,
or rousing their attention; an alarum.
~ bell, a bell that gives notice on danger. P w clock or
watch, a clock or watch which can be so set as to ring or
strike loudly at a prearranged hour, to wake from sleep, or
excite attention. P w gauge, a contrivance attached to a
steam boiler for showing when the pressure of steam is too
high, or the water in the boiler too low. P w post, a place
to which troops are to repair in case of an ~.
Syn. - Fright; affright; terror; trepidation; apprehension;
consternation; dismay; agitation; disquiet; disquietude. P
Alarm, Fright, Terror, Consternation. These words express
different degrees of fear at the approach of danger. Fright
is fear suddenly excited, producing confusion of the senses,
and hence it is unreflecting. Alarm is the hurried agitation
of feeling which springs from a sense of immediate and
extreme exposure. Terror is agitating and excessive fear,
which usually benumbs the faculties. Consternation is
overwhelming fear, and carries a notion of powerlessness and
amazement. Alarm agitates the feelings; terror disorders the
understanding and affects the will; fright seizes on and
confuses the sense; consternation takes possession of the
soul, and subdues its faculties. See Apprehension.
AOlarm6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alarmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Alarming.] [Alarm, n. Cf. F. alarmer.] 1. To call to arms
for defense; to give notice to (any one) of approaching
danger; to rouse to vigilance and action; to put on the
alert.
2. To keep in excitement; to disturb.
3. To surprise with apprehension of danger; to fill with
anxiety in regard to threatening evil; to excite with sudden
fear.
Alarmed by rumors of military preparation.
Macaulay.
AOlarm6aOble (?), a. Easily alarmed or disturbed.
AOlarmed6 (?), a. Aroused to vigilance; excited by fear of
approaching danger; agitated; disturbed; as, an alarmed
neighborhood; an alarmed modesty.
The white pavilions rose and fell
On the alarmed air.
Longfellow.
AOlarm6edOly (?), adv. In an alarmed manner.
AOlarm6ing, a. Exciting, or calculated to excite, alarm;
causing apprehension of danger; as, an alarming crisis or
report. P AOlarm6ingOly, adv.
AOlarm6ist, n. [Cf. F. alarmiste.] One prone to sound or
excite alarms, especially, needless alarms.
Macaulay.
AOlar6um (?; 277), n. [OE. alarom, the same word as alarm,
n.] See Alarm. [Now Poetic]
5 The variant form alarum is now commonly restricted to an
alarm signal or the mechanism to sound an alarm (as in an
alarm clock.)
Al6aOry (?), a. [L. alarius, fr. ala wing.] Of or pertaining
to wings; also, wingPshaped.
The alary system of insects.
Wollaston.
AOlas6 (?), interj. [OE. alas, allas, OF. alas, F. hlas; a
interj. (L. ah.) + las wretched (that I am), L. lassus
weary, akin to E. late. See Late.] An exclamation expressive
of sorrow, pity, or apprehension of evil; P in old writers,
sometimes followed by day or white; alas the day, like alack
a day, or alas the white.
AOlate6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + late.] Lately; of late.
[Archaic]
There hath been alate such tales spread abroad.
Latimer.
A6late (?), A6laOted (?), } a. [L. alatus, from ala wing.]
Winged; having wings, or side appendages like wings.
Al6aOtern (?), X Al7aOter6nus (?), } n. [L. ala wing + terni
three each.] (Bot.) An ornamental evergreen shrub (Rhamnus
alaternus) belonging to the buckthorns.
AOla6tion (?), n. [F., fr. L. alatus winged.] The state of
being winged.
AOlaunt6 (?), n. See Alan. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Alb (?), n. [OE. albe, LL. alba, fr. L. albus white. Cf.
Album and Aube.] A vestment of white linen, reaching to the
feet, an enveloping the person; P in the Roman Catholic
church, worn by those in holy orders when officiating at
mass. It was formerly worn, at least by clerics, in daily
life.
Al6baOcore (?), n. (Zol.) See Albicore.
Al6ban (?), n. [L. albus white.] (Chem.) A white crystalline
resinous substance extracted from guttaPpercha by the action
of alcohol or ether.
AlOba6niOan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Albania, a province
of Turkey. P n. A native of Albania.
X AlOba6ta (?), n. [L. albatus, p. p. of albare to make
white, fr. albus white.] A white metallic alloy; which is
made into spoons, forks, teapots, etc. British plate or
German silver. See German silver, under German.
Al6baOtross (?), n. [Corrupt. fr. Pg. alcatraz cormorant, ~,
or Sp. alcatraz a pelican: cf. Pg. alcatruz, Sp. arcaduz, a
bucket, fr. Ar. alPq>dus the bucket, fr. Gr. ?, a water
vessel. So an Arabic term form pelican is waterPcarrier, as
a bird carrying water in its pouch.] (Zol.) A web-footed
bird, of the genus Diomedea, of which there are several
species. They are the largest of sea birds, capable of
longPcontinued flight, and are often seen at great distances
from the land. They are found chiefly in the southern
hemisphere.
Al7be6, Al7bee6 } (?), conj. [See Albeit.] Although; albeit.
[Obs.]
Albe Clarissa were their chiefest founderess.
Spenser.
X AlObe6do (?), n. [L., fr. albus white.] Whiteness.
Specifically: (Astron.) The ratio which the light reflected
from an unpolished surface bears to the total light falling
upon that surface.
Al7be6it (?), conj. [OE. al be although it be, where al is
our all. Cf. Although.] Even though; although;
notwithstanding.
Chaucer.

Albeit so masked, Madam, I love the truth.
Tennyson.
Al6bertOite (?), n. (Min.) A bituminous mineral resembling
asphaltum, found in the county of A. ?bert, New Brunswick.
Al6berOtype (?), n. [From the name of the inventor, Albert,
of Munich.] A picture printed from a kind of gelatine plate
produced by means of a photographic negative.
AlObes6cence (?), n. The act of becoming white; whitishness.
AlObes6cent (?), a. [L. albescens, p. pr. of albescere to
grow white, fr. albus white.] Becoming white or whitish;
moderately white.
Al6biOcant (?), a. [L. albicans, p. pr. of albicare,
albicatum, to be white, fr. albus white.] Growing or
becoming white.
Al7biOca6tion (?), n. The process of becoming white, or
developing white patches, or streaks.
Al6biOcore (?), n. [F. albicore (cf. Sp. albacora, Pg.
albacor, albacora, albecora), fr. Ar. bakr, bekr, a young
camel, young cow, heifer, and the article al: cf. Pg. bacoro
a little pig.] (Zol.) A name applied to several large
fishes of the Mackerel family, esp. Orcynus alalonga. One
species (Orcynus thynnus), common in the Mediterranean and
Atlantic, is called in New England the horse mackerel; the
tunny. [Written also albacore.]
Al7biOfiOca6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. albification: L. albus
white + ficare (only in comp.), facere, to make.] The act or
process of making white. [Obs.]
Al7biOgen6ses (?), X Al7bi7geois6 (?), } n. pl. [From Albi
and Albigeois, a town and its district in the south of
France, in which the sect abounded.] (Eccl. Hist.) A sect of
reformers opposed to the church of Rome in the 12th
centuries.
The Albigenses were a branch of the Catharists (the pure).
They were exterminated by crusades and the Inquisition. They
were distinct from the Waldenses.
Al7biOgen6sian (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Albigenses.
AlObi6ness (?), n. A female albino.
Holmes.
Al6biOnism (?), n. The state or condition of being an
albino: abinoism; leucopathy.
Al7biOnis6tic (?), a. Affected with albinism.
AlObi6no (?; 277), n.; pl. Albinos (?). [Sp. or Pg. albino,
orig. whitish, fr. albo white, L. albus.] A person, whether
negro, Indian, or white, in whom by some defect of
organization the substance which gives color to the skin,
hair, and eyes is deficient or in a morbid state. An ~ has a
skin of a milky hue, with hair of the same color, and eyes
with deep red pupil and pink or blue iris. The term is also
used of the lower animals, as white mice, elephants, etc.;
and of plants in a whitish condition from the absence of
chlorophyll.
Amer. Cyc.
5 The term was originally applied by the Portuguese to
negroes met with on the coast of Africa, who were mottled
with white spots.
AlObi6noOism (?), n. The state or condition of being an
albino; albinism.
Al7biOnot6ic (?), a. Affected with albinism.
Al6biOon (?), n. [Prob. from the same root as Gael. alp a
height or hill. =It may have been bestowed on the land lying
behind the white cliffs visible from the coast of Gaul.
Albany, the old name of Scotland, means probably the =hilly
land.8 I. Taylor.] An ancient name of England, still
retained in poetry.
In that nookPshotten isle of Albion.
Shak.
Al6bite (?), n. [L. albus white.] (Min.) A mineral of the
feldspar family, triclinic in crystallization, and in
composition a silicate of alumina and soda. It is a common
constituent of granite and of various igneous rocks. See
Feldspar.
Al6boOlith (?), n. [L. albus white + Olith.] A kind of
plastic cement, or artificial stone, consisting chiefly of
magnesia and silica; P called also albolite.
X Al6boOrak (?; 277), n. [Ar. alPbur>q, fr. baraqa to flash,
shine.] The imaginary milkPwhite animal on which Mohammed
was said to have been carried up to heaven; a white mule.
Al7buOgin6eOous (?), a. [See Albugo.] Of the nature of, or
resembling, the white of the eye, or of an egg; albuminous;
P a term applied to textures, humors, etc., which are
perfectly white.
X AlObu6go (?), n.; pl. Albugines (?). [L., whiteness, fr.
albus white.] (Med.) Same as Leucoma.
Al6bum (?), n. [L., neut. of albus white: cf. F. album. Cf.
Alb.] 1. (Rom. Antiq.) A white tablet on which anything was
inscribed, as a list of names, etc.
2. A register for visitors' names; a visitors' book.
3. A blank book, in which to insert autographs sketches,
memorial writing of friends, photographs, etc.
AlObu6men (?), n. [L., fr. albus white.] 1. The white of an
egg.
2. (Bot.) Nourishing matter stored up within the integuments
of the seed in many plants, but not incorporated in the
embryo. It is the floury part in corn, wheat, and like
grains, the oily part in poppy seeds, the fleshy part in the
cocoanut, etc.
3. (Chem.) Same as Albumin.
AlObu6menOize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Albumenized (?); p.
pr. & vb. n. Albumenizing.] To cover or saturate with
albumen; to coat or treat with an albuminous solution; as,
to albuminize paper.
X Al6bum Gr6cum (?). [L., Greek white.] Dung of dogs or
hyenas, which becomes white by exposure to air. It is used
in dressing leather, and was formerly used in medicine.
AlObu6min (?), n. (Chem.) A thick, viscous nitrogenous
substance, which is the chief and characteristic constituent
of white of eggs and of the serum of blood, and is found in
other animal substances, both fluid and solid, also in many
plants. It is soluble in water is coagulated by heat ad by
certain chemical reagents.
Acid ~, a modification of ~ produced by the action of dilute
acids. It is not coagulated by heat. P Alkali ~, ~ as
modified by the action of alkaline substances; P called also
albuminate.
AlObu6miOnate (?), n. (Chem.) A substance produced by the
action of an alkali upon albumin, and resembling casein in
its properties; also, a compound formed by the union of
albumin with another substance.
AlObu7miOnif6erOous (?), a. [L. albumen + Oferous.]
Supplying albumen.
AlObu7miOnim6eOter (?), n. [L. albumen, albuminis + Ometer:
cf. F. albuminim
tre.] An instrument for ascertaining the
quantity of albumen in a liquid.
AlObu6miOnin (?), n. (Chem.) The substance of the cells
which inclose the white of birds' eggs.
AlObu7miOnip6aOrous (?), a. [L. albumen + parere to bear,
bring forth.] Producing albumin.
AlObu6miOnoid (?), a. [L. albumen + Ooid.] (Chem.)
Resembling albumin. P n. One of a class of organic
principles (called also proteids) which form the main part
of organized tissues.
Brunton.
AlObu7miOnoid6al (?), a. (Chem.) Of the nature of an
albuminoid.
AlObu6miOnose7 (?), n.(Chem.) A diffusible substance formed
from albumin by the action of natural or artificial gastric
juice. See Peptone.
AlObu6miOnous (?), AlObu6miOnose7 (?), } a. [Cf. F.
albumineux.] Pertaining to, or containing, albumen; having
the properties of, or resembling, albumen or albumin. P
AlObu6miOnousOness, n.
X AlObu7miOnu6riOa (?), n. [NL., fr. L. albumen + Gr. ?
urine.] (Med.) A morbid condition in which albumin is
present in the urine.
Al6buOmose7 (?), n. [From albumin.] (Chem.) A compound or
class of compounds formed from albumin by dilute acids or by
an acid solution of pepsin. Used also in combination, as
antialbumose, hemialbumose.
Al6burn (?), n. [L. alburnus, fr. L. albus white. Cf.
Auburn.] (Zol.) The bleak, a small European fish having
scales of a peculiarly silvery color which are used in
making artificial pearls.
AlObur6nous (?), a. Of or pertaining to alburnum; of the
alburnum; as, alburnous substances.
AlObur6num (?), n. [L., fr. albus white.] (Bot.) The white
and softer part of wood, between the inner bark and the hard
wood or duramen; sapwood.
Al6byn (?), n. [See Albion.] Scotland; esp. the Highlands of
Scotland.
T. Cambell.
AlOcade6 (?), n. Same as Alcaid.
Al6caOhest (?), n. Same as Alkahest.
AlOca6ic (?), a. [L. Alca cus, Gr. ?.] Pertaining to Alcus,
a lyric poet of Mitylene, about 6000 b. c. P n. A kind of
verse, so called from Alcus. One variety consists of five
feet, a spondee or iambic, an iambic, a long syllable, and
two dactyls.
X AlOcaid6, AlOcayde6 (?), n. [Sp. alcaide, fr. Ar. alPq>Fd
governor, fr. q>da to lead, govern.] 1. A commander of a
castle or fortress among the Spaniards, Portuguese, and
Moors.
2. The warden, or keeper of a jail.
X AlOcal6de (?), n. [Sp. alcalde, fr. Ar. alPq>dF judge, fr.
qada to decide, judge. Hence, the cadi of the Turks. Cf.
Cadi.] A magistrate or judge in Spain and in Spanish
America, etc.
Prescott.
5 Sometimes confounded with Alcaid.
Al7caOlim6eOter, n. See Alkalimeter.
X AlOcan6na (?), n. [Sp. alcana, alhe?a, fr. Ar. alOhinn>.
See Henna, and cf. Alkanet.] (Bot.) An oriental shrub
(Lawsonia inermis) from which henna is obtained.
X Al7carOra6za (?), n.; pl. Alcarrazas. [Sp., from Ar.
alPkurr>z earthen vessel.] A vessel of porous earthenware,
used for cooling liquids by evaporation from the exterior
surface.




X AlOcayde6 (?), n. Same as Alcaid.
X AlOca6zar (?), n. [Sp., fr. Ar. al the + qacr (in pl.) a
castle.] A fortress; also, a royal palace.
Prescott.
X AlOce6do (?), n. [L., equiv. to Gr. ?. See Halcyon.]
(Zol.) A genus of perching birds, including the European
kingfisher (Alcedo ispida). See Halcyon.
AlOchem6ic (?), AlOchem6icOal (?), } a. [Cf. F. alchimique.]
Of or relating to alchemy.
AlOchem6icOalOly, adv. In the manner of alchemy.
Al6cheOmist (?), n. [Cf. OF. alquemiste, F. alchimiste.] One
who practices alchemy.
You are alchemist; make gold.
Shak.
Al7cheOmis6tic (?), Al7cheOmis6ticOal (?), } a. Relating to
or practicing alchemy.
Metaphysical and alchemistical legislators.
Burke.
Al6cheOmisOtry (?), n. Alchemy. [Obs.]
Al6cheOmize (?), v. t. To change by alchemy; to transmute.
Lovelace.
Al6cheOmy (?), n. [OF. alkemie, arquemie, F. alchimie, Ar.
alOkFmFa, fr. late Gr. ?, for ?, a mingling, infusion, ?
juice, liquid, especially as extracted from plants, fr. ? to
pour; for chemistry was originally the art of extracting the
juices from plants for medicinal purposes. Cf. Sp. alquimia,
It. alchimia. Gr. ? is prob. akin to L. fundere to pour,
Goth. guitan, AS. ge"tan, to pour, and so to E. fuse. See
Fuse, and cf. Chemistry.] 1. An imaginary art which aimed to
transmute the baser metals into gold, to find the panacea,
or universal remedy for diseases, etc. It led the way to
modern chemistry.
2. A mixed metal composed mainly of brass, formerly used for
various utensils; hence, a trumpet. [Obs.]
Put to their mouths the sounding alchemy.
Milton.
3. Miraculous power of transmuting something common into
something precious.
Kissing with golden face the meadows green,
Gilding pale streams with heavenly alchemy.
Shak.
AlOchym6ic (?), a., Al6chyOmist (?), n., Al7chyOmis6tic (?),
a., Al6chyOmy (?), n. See Alchemic, Alchemist, Alchemistic,
Alchemy.
X Al6co (?), n. A small South American dog, domesticated by
the aborigines.
Al6coOate (?), Al6coOhate (?), } n. Shortened forms of
Alcoholate.
Al6coOhol (?), n. [Cf. F. alcool, formerly written alcohol,
Sp. alcohol alcohol, antimony, galena, OSp. alcofol; all fr.
Ar. alPkohl a powder of antimony or galena, to paint the
eyebrows with. The name was afterwards applied, on account
of the fineness of this powder, to highly rectified spirits,
a signification unknown in Arabia. The Sp. word has bot
meanings. Cf. Alquifou.] 1. An impalpable powder. [Obs.]
2. The fluid essence or pure spirit obtained by
distillation. [Obs.]
Boyle.
3. Pure spirit of wine; pure or highly rectified spirit
(called also ethyl alcohol); the spirituous or intoxicating
element of fermented or distilled liquors, or more loosely
a liquid containing it is considerable quantity. It is
extracted by simple distillation from various vegetable
juices and infusions of a saccharine nature, which have
undergone vinous fermentation.
5 As used in the U. S. =Pharmacop?ia, alcohol contains 91
per cent by weight of ethyl ~ and 9 per cent of water; and
d???ted alcohol (proof spirit) contains 45.5 per cent by
weight of ethyl ~ and 54.5 per cent of water.
4. ( Organic Chem.) A class of compounds analogous to vinic
~ in constitution. Chemically speaking, they are hydroxides
of certain organic radicals; as, the radical ethyl forms
common or ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH); methyl forms methyl
alcohol (CH3.OH) or wood spirit; amyl forms amyl alcohol
(C5H11.OH) or fusel oil, etc.
Al6coOholOate (?), n. [Cf. F. alcolaie.] (Chem.) A
crystallizable compound of a salt with alcohol, in which the
latter plays a part analogous to that of water of
crystallization.
Graham.
Al7coOhol6aOture (?), n. [Cf. F. alcoolature.] (Med.) An
alcoholic tincture prepared with fresh plants.
New Eng. Dict.
Al7coOhol6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. alcolique.] Of or pertaining to
alcohol, or partaking of its qualities; derived from, or
caused by, alcohol; containing alcohol; as, alcoholic
mixtures; alcoholic gastritis; alcoholic odor.
Al7coOhol6ic, n. 1. A person given to the use of ~ liquors.
2. pl. w liquors.
Al6coOholOism (?), n. [Cf. F. alcoolisme.] (Med.) A diseased
condition of the system, brought about by the continued use
of alcoholic liquors.
Al7coOhol7iOza6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. alcoolisation.] 1. The
act of reducing a substance to a fine or impalpable powder.
[Obs.]
Johnson.
2. The act rectifying spirit.
3. Saturation with alcohol; putting the animal system under
the influence of alcoholic liquor.
Al6coOholOize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alcoholized (?); p.
pr. & vb. n. Alcoholizing.] [Cf. F. alcooliser.] 1. To
reduce to a fine powder. [Obs.]
Johnson.
2. To convert into alcohol; to rectify; also, to saturate
with alcohol.
Al7coOholOom6eOter (?), Al7coOhol6meOter (?), } n. [Alcohol
+ Ometer.] (Chem.) An instrument for determining the
strength of spirits, with a scale graduated so as to
indicate the percentage of pure alcohol, either by weight or
volume. It is usually a form of hydrometer with a special
scale.
Al7coOhol7oOmet6ric (?), Al7coOhol7oOmet6ricOal (?),
Al7coOholOmet6ricOal (?), } a. Relating to the alcoholometer
or alcoholometry.
The alcoholometrical strength of spirituous liquors.
Ure.
Al7coOhol6om6eOtry (?), n. The process or method of
ascertaining the proportion of pure alcohol which spirituous
liquors contain.
Al7coOhom6eOter (?), n., Al7coOhoOmet6ric, a. Same as
Alcoholometer, Alcoholometric.
Al7coOm6eOtry (?), n. See Alcoholometry.
5 The chemists say alcom
tre, alcoom
trie, doubtless by the
suppression of a syllable in order to avoid a disagreeable
sequence of sounds. (Cf. Idolatry.)
Littr.
Al6coOran (?; 277), n. [F. alcoran, fr. Ar. alPqor>n, orig.
the reading, the book, fr. qaraa to read. Cf. Koran.] The
Mohammedan Scriptures; the Koran (now the usual form).
[Spelt also Alcoran.]
Al7coOran6ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Koran.
Al7coOran6ist, n. One who adheres to the letter of the
Koran, rejecting all traditions.
Al6cove (?; 277), n. [F. alcve, Sp. or Pg. alcoba, from Ar.
alPquobbah arch, vault, tent.] 1. (Arch.) A recessed portion
of a room, or a small room opening into a larger one;
especially, a recess to contain a bed; a lateral recess in a
library.
2. A small ornamental building with seats, or an arched
seat, in a pleasure ground; a garden bower.
Cowper.
3. Any natural recess analogous to an ~ or recess in an
apartment.
The youthful wanderers found a wild alcove.
Falconer.
Al6cyOon (?), n. See Halcyon.
X Al7cyOoOna6ceOa (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zol.) A group of
softPbodied Alcyonaria, of which Alcyonium is the type. See
Illust. under Alcyonaria.
X Al7cyOoOna6riOa (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zol.) One of the
orders of Anthozoa. It includes the Alcyonacea,
Pennatulacea, and Gorgonacea.
X AlOcy6oOnes (?), n. pl. [L., pl. of Alcyon.] (Zol.) The
kingfishers.
Al7cyOon6ic (?), a. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the
Alcyonaria.
X Al7cyOo6niOum (?), n. [Gr. ? a zophyte, so called from
being like the halcyon's nest.] (Zol.) A genus of fleshy
Alcyonaria, its polyps somewhat resembling flowers with
eight fringed rays. The term was also formerly used for
certain species of sponges.
Al6cyOoOnoid (?), a. [Gr. ? + Ooid.] (Zol.) Like or
pertaining to the Alcyonaria. P n. A zophyte of the order
Alcyonaria.
Al6day (?), adv. Continually. [Obs.]
Chaucer.

AlOdeb6aOran (?), n. [Ar. alOdebar>n, fr. dabar to follow;
so called because this star follows upon the Pleiades.]
(Astron.) A red star of the first magnitude, situated in the
eye of Taurus; the Bull's Eye. It is the bright star in the
group called the Hyades.
Now when Aldebaran was mounted high
Above the shiny Cassiopeia's chair.
Spenser.
Ai6deOhyde (?), n. [Abbrev. fr. alcohol dehydrogenatum,
alcohol deprived of its hydrogen.] (Chem.) A colorless,
mobile, and very volatile liquid obtained from alcohol by
certain of oxidation.
5 The aldehydes are intermediate between the alcohols and
acids, and differ from the alcohols in having two less
hydrogen atoms in the molecule, as common aldehyde (called
also acetic aldehyde or ethyl aldehyde), C2H4O; methyl
aldehyde, CH2O.
w ammonia (Chem.), a compound formed by the union of ~ with
ammonia.
Al7deOhy6dic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to aldehyde;
as, aldehydic acid.
Miller.
Al6der (?), n. [OE. aldir, aller, fr. AS. alr, aler, alor,
akin to D. els, G. erle, Icel. erlir, erli, Swed. al, Dan.
elle, el, L. alnus, and E. elm.] (Bot.) A tree, usually
growing in moist land, and belonging to the genus Alnus. The
wood is used by turners, etc.; the bark by dyers and
tanners. In the U. S. the species of alder are usually
shrubs or small trees.
Black ~. (a) A European shrub (Rhamnus frangula); ~
buckthorn. (b) An American species of holly (Ilex
verticillata), bearing red berries.
Al6der (?), Al6ler (?), } a. [From ealra, alra, gen. pl. of
AS. eal. The d is excrescent.] Of all; P used in
composition; as, alderbest, best of all, alderwisest, wisest
of all. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Al7derPlief6est (?), a. [For allerliefest dearest of all.
See Lief.] Most beloved. [Obs.]
Shak.
Al6derOman (?), n.; pl. Aldermen (?). [AS. aldormon,
ealdorman; ealdor an elder + man. See Elder, n.] 1. A senior
or superior; a person of rank or dignity. [Obs.]
5 The title was applied, among the AngloPSaxons, to princes,
dukes, earls, senators, and presiding magistrates; also to
archbishops and bishops, implying superior wisdom or
authority. Thus Ethelstan, duke of the EastPAnglians, was
called Alderman of all England; and there were aldermen of
cities, counties, and castles, who had jurisdiction within
their respective districts.
3. One of a board or body of municipal officers next in
order to the mayor and having a legislative function. They
may, in some cases, individually exercise some magisterial
and administrative functions.
Al6derOmanOcy (?), n. The office of an alderman.
Al6derOman6ic (?), a. Relating to, becoming to, or like, an
alderman; characteristic of an alderman.
Al7derOman6iOty (?), n. 1. Aldermen collectively; the body
of aldermen.
2. The state of being an alderman. [Jocular]
Al7derOmanOlike7 (?), a. Like or suited to an alderman.
Al6derOmanOly, a. Pertaining to, or like, an alderman.
Al6derOmanOly, a. Pertaining to, or like, an alderman. =An
aldermanly discretion.8
Swift.
Al6derOmanOry (?), n. 1. The district or ward of an
alderman.
2. The office or rank of an alderman. [R.]
B. Jonson.
Al6derOmanOship, n. The condition, position, or office of an
alderman.
Fabyan.
Al6dern (?), a. Made of alder.
Al6derOney (?), n. One of a breed of cattle raised in
Alderney, one of the Channel Islands. Alderneys are of a dun
or tawny color and are often called Jersey cattle. See
Jersey, 3.
Al6dine (?; 277), a. (Bibliog.) An epithet applied to
editions (chiefly of the classics) which proceeded from the
press of Aldus Manitius, and his family, of Venice, for the
most part in the 16th century and known by the sign of the
anchor and the dolphin. The term has also been applied to
certain elegant editions of English works.
Ale (?), n. [AS. ealu, akin to Icel., Sw., and Dan. l,
Lith. alus a kind of beer, OSlav. ol? beer. Cf. Ir. ol
drink, drinking.] 1. An intoxicating liquor made from an
infusion of malt by fermentation and the addition of a
bitter, usually hops.
5 The word ale, in England and the United States, usually
designates a heavier kind of fermented liquor, and the word
beer a lighter kind. The word beer is also in common use as
the generic name for all malt liquors.
2. A festival in English country places, so called from the
liquor drunk. =At wakes and ales.8 B. Jonson.=On ember eves
and holy ales.8 Shak.
AOleak6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + leak.] In a leaking
condition.
A6leOaOtoOry (?), a. [L. aleatorius, fr. alea chance, die.]
(Law) Depending on some uncertain contingency; as, an
aleatory contract.
Bouvier.
Ale6bench7 (?), n. A bench in or before an alehouse.
Bunyan.
Ale6ber7ry (?), n. [OE. alebery, alebrey; ale + bre broth,
fr. AS. brFw pottage.] A beverage, formerly made by boiling
ale with spice, sugar, and sops of bread.
Their aleberries, caudles, possets.
Beau. & Fl.
AOlect6iOthal (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? yelk.] (Biol.)
Applied to those ova which segment uniformly, and which have
little or no food yelk embedded in their protoplasm.
Balfour.
Ale6con6ner (?), n. [Ale + con, OE. cunnen to test, AS.
cunnian to test. See Con.] Orig., an officer appointed to
look to the goodness of ale and beer; also, one of the
officers chosen by the liverymen of London to insect the
measures used in public houses. But the office is a
sinecure. [Also called aletaster.] [Eng.]
Ale6cost7 (?), n. [Ale + L. costus an aromatic plant: cf.
Costmary.] (Bot.) The plant costmary, which was formerly
much used for flavoring ale.
X Al7ecOtor6iOdes (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a cock.]
(Zol.) A group of birds including the common fowl and the
pheasants.
AOlec7toOrom6aOchy (?), n. [Gr. ? cock + ? fight.]
Cockfighting.
AOlec6toOroOman7cy (?), n. See Alectryomancy.
AOlec7tryOom'aOchy (?), n. [Gr. ? cock + ? fight.]
Cockfighting.
AOlec6tryOoOman7cy (?), n. [Gr. ? cock + Omancy.] Divination
by means of a cock and grains of corn placed on the letters
of the alphabet, the letters being put together in the order
in which the grains were eaten.
Amer. Cyc.
AOlee6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + lee.] (Naut.) On or toward the
lee, or the side away from the wind; the opposite of
aweather. The helm of a ship is alee when pressed close to
the lee side.
Hard ~, or Luff ~, an order to put the helm to the lee side.
Al6eOgar (?), n. [Ale + eager sour, F. aigre. Cf. Vinegar.]
Sour ale; vinegar made of ale.
Cecil.
Al6eOger (?), a. [F. all
gre, earlier al
gre, fr. L.
alacer.] Gay; cheerful; sprightly. [Obs.]
Bacon.
AOlegge6 (?), v. t. [OE. aleggen, alegen, OF. alegier, F.
allger, fr. LL. alleviare, for L. allevare to lighten; ad +
levis light. Cf. Alleviate, Allay, Allege.] To allay or
alleviate; to lighten. [Obs.]
That shall alegge this bitter blast.
Spenser.
Ale6hoof7 (?), n. [AS. h?fe ground ivy; the first part is
perh. a corruption: cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove,



ground ivy, =in old MSS. heyhowe, heyoue, haihoue,
halehoue.8 Prior.] Ground ivy (Nepeta Glechoma).
Ale6house7 (?), n. A house where ale is retailed; hence, a
tippling house.
Macaulay.

Ale6Pknight7 (?), n. A pot companion. [Obs.]
Al7eOman6nic (?), a. Belonging to the Alemanni, a
confederacy of warlike German tribes.
Al7eOman6nic, n. The language of the Alemanni.
The Swabian dialect... is known as the Alemannic.
Amer. Cyc.
AOlem6bic (?), n. [F. alambic (cf. Sp. alambique), Ar.
alPanbFq, fr. Gr. ? cup, cap of a still. The cap or head was
the alembic proper. Cf. Limbec.] An apparatus formerly used
in distillation, usually made of glass or metal. It has
mostly given place to the retort and worm still.
Used also metaphorically.
The alembic of a great poet's imagination.
Brimley.
AOlem6broth (?), n. [Origin uncertain.] The salt of wisdom
of the alchemists, a double salt composed of the chlorides
of ammonium and mercury. It was formerly used as a
stimulant.
Brande & C.
A7len7con6 lace6 (?). See under Lace.
AOlength6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + length.] At full length;
lenghtwise.
Chaucer.

AOlep6iOdote , a. [Gr. ? priv. + ?, ?, a scale.] (Zol.) Not
having scales. P n. A fish without scales.
Ale6pole7 (?), n. A pole set up as the sign of an alehouse.
[Obs.]
AOlert6 (?), a. [F. alerte, earlier  l'erte on the watch,
fr. It. all' erta on the watch, prop. (standing) on a
height, where one can look around; erta a declivity, steep,
erto steep, p. p. of ergere, erigere, to erect, raise, L.
erigere. See Erect.] 1. Watchful; vigilant; active in
vigilance.
2. Brisk; nimble; moving with celerity.
An alert young fellow.
Addison.

Syn. - Active; agile; lively; quick; prompt.
AOlert6, n. (Mil.) An alarm from a real or threatened
attack; a sudden attack; also, a bugle sound to give
warning. =We have had an alert.8
Farrow.
On the ~, on the lookout or watch against attack or danger;
ready to act.
AOlert6ly, adv. In an alert manner; nimbly.
AOlert6ness, n. The quality of being alert or on the alert;
briskness; nimbleness; activity.
Ale6 sil7ver (?). A duty payable to the lord mayor of London
by the sellers of ale within the city.
Ale6stake (?), n. A stake or pole projecting from, or set up
before, an alehouse, as a sign; an alepole. At the end was
commonly suspended a garland, a bunch of leaves, or a
=bush.8 [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ale6tast7er (?), n. See Aleconner. [Eng.]
AOle7thiOol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? truth + Ology.] The science
which treats of the nature of truth and evidence.
Sir W. Hamilton.
AOleth6oOscope (?), n. [Gr. ? true + ? to view.] An
instrument for viewing pictures by means of a lens, so as to
present them in their natural proportions and relations.
AOleu6roOman7cy (?), n. [Gr. ? wheaten flour + Omancy: cf.
F. aleuromancie.] Divination by means of flour.
Encyc. Brit.
Al7euOrom6eOter (?), n. [Gr. ? flour + Ometer.] An
instrument for determining the expansive properties, or
quality, of gluten in flour.
Knight.
AOleu6rone (?), n. [Gr. ? flour.] (Bot.) An albuminoid
substance which occurs in minute grains (=protein granules8)
in maturing seeds and tubers; P supposed to be a
modification of protoplasm.
Al7euOron6ic (?), a. (Bot.) Having the nature of aleurone.
D. C. Eaton.
AOleu6tian (?), AOleu6tic (?), } a. [Said to be from the
Russ. aleut a bold rock.] Of or pertaining to a chain of
islands between Alaska and Kamtchatka; also, designating
these islands.
Al6eOvin (?), n. [F. alevin, OF. alever to rear, fr. L. ad +
levare to raise.] Young fish; fry.
AOlew6 (?), n. Halloo. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Ale6wife7 (?), n.; pl. Alewives (?). A woman who keeps an
alehouse.
Gay.
Ale6wife7, n.; pl. Alewives. [This word is properly aloof,
the Indian name of a fish. See Winthrop on the culture of
maize in America, =Phil Trans.8 No. 142, p. 1065, and
Baddam's =Memoirs,8 vol. ii. p. 131.] (Zol.) A North
American fish (Clupea vernalis) of the Herring family. It is
called also ellwife, ellwhop, branch herring. The name is
locally applied to other related species.
Al7exOan6ders (?), Al7iOsan6ders (?), n. [OE. alisaundre,
OF. alissandere, fr. Alexander or Alexandria.] (Bot) A name
given to two species of the genus Smyrnium, formerly
cultivated and used as celery now is; P called also horse
parsely.
Al7exOan6driOan (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to Alexandria in
Egypt; as, the Alexandrian library.
2. Applied to a kind of heroic verse. See Alexandrine, n.
Al7exOan6drine (?; 277), a. Belonging to Alexandria;
Alexandrian.
Bancroft.
Al7exOan6drine (?)(?), n. [F. alexandrin.] A kind of verse
consisting in English of twelve syllables.
The needless Alexandrine ends the song,
That, like a wounded snake, drags its slow length along.
Pope.
AOlex7iOphar6mac (?), AOlex7iOphar6maOcal (?), } a. & n.
[See Alexipharmic.] Alexipharmic. [Obs.]
AOlex7iOphar6mic (?), AOlex7iOphar6micOal (?), } a. [Gr. ?
keeping off poison; ? to keep off + ? drug, poison: cf. F.
alexipharmaque.] (Med.) Expelling or counteracting poison;
antidotal.
AOlex7iOphar6mic (?), n. (Med.) An antidote against poison
or infection; a counterpoison.
AOlex7iOpyOret6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? + ? burning heat, fever, ?
fire.] (Med.) Serving to drive off fever; antifebrile. P n.
A febrifuge.
AOlex7iOter6ic (?), AOlex7iOter6icOal (?), } a. [Gr. ? fit
to keep off or help, fr. ? one who keeps off, helper; ? to
keep off: cf. F. alexit
re.] (med.) Resisting poison;
obviating the effects of venom; alexipharmic.
AOlex7iOter6ic, n. [Gr. ? a remedy, an amulet: cf. F.
alexit
re, LL. alexiterium.] (Med.) A preservative against
contagious and infectious diseases, and the effects of
poison in general.
Brande & C.
X Al6fa (?) or Al6fa grass6 (?), n. A plant (Macrochloa
tenacissima) of North Africa; also, its fiber, used in paper
making.
AlOfal6fa (?), n. [Sp.] (Bot.) The lucern (Medicago sativa);
P so called in California, Texas, etc.
Al6feOnide (?), n. (Metal.) An alloy of nickel and silver
electroplated with silver.
X AlOfe6res (?), n. [Sp., fr. Ar. alOf>rs knight.] An
ensign; a standard bearer. [Obs.]
J. Fletcher.
Al6fet , n. [LL. alfetum, fr. AS. >lft a pot to boil in; >l
burning + ft vat.] A caldron of boiling water into which an
accused person plunged his forearm as a test of innocence or
guilt.
X AlOfil7aOri6a (?), n. (Bot.) The pin grass (Erodium
cicutarium), a weed in California.
X Al7fiOo6ne (?), n. (Zol.) An edible marine fish of
California (Rhacochilus toxotes).
X AlOfres6co (?), adv. & a. [It. al fresco in or on the
fresh.] In the openPair.
Smollett.
X Al6ga (?), n.; pl. Alg (?). [L., seaweed.] (Bot.) A kind
of seaweed; pl. the class of cellular cryptogamic plants
which includes the black, red, and green seaweeds, as kelp,
dulse, sea lettuce, also marine and fresh water conferv,
etc.
Al6gal (?), a,. (Bot.) Pertaining to, or like, alg.
X Al7gaOro6ba (?), n. [Sp. algarroba, fr. Ar. alOkharr?bah.
Cf. Carob.] (Bot.) (a) The Carob, a leguminous tree of the
Mediterranean region; also, its edible beans or pods, called
St. John's bread. (b) The Honey mesquite (Prosopis
juliflora), a small tree found from California to Buenos
Ayres; also, its sweet, pulpy pods. A valuable gum,
resembling gum arabic, is collected from the tree in Texas
and Mexico.
Al6gaOrot (?), Al6gaOroth (?), } n. [F. algaroth, fr. the
name of the inventor, Algarotti.] (Med.) A term used for the
Powder of Algaroth, a white powder which is a compound of
trichloride and trioxide of antimony. It was formerly used
in medicine as an emetic, purgative, and diaphoretic.
X Al7gaOroOvil6la (?), n. The agglutinated seeds and husks
of the legumes of a South American tree (Inga Marth). It is
valuable for tanning leather, and as a dye.
Al6gate (?), Al6gates (?), } adv. [All + gate way. The s is
and adverbial ending. See Gate.] 1. Always; wholly;
everywhere. [Obs. or Dial.]
Ulna now he algates must forego.
Spenser.
5 Still used in the north of England in the sense of
=everywhere.8
2. By any or means; at all events. [Obs.]
Fairfax.
3. Notwithstanding; yet. [Obs.]
Chaucer.

Al6gaOzel7 (?), n. [Ar. al the + ghaz>l.] (Zol.) The true
gazelle.
Al6geObra (?), n. [LL. algebra, fr. Ar. alPjebr reduction of
parts to a whole, or fractions to whole numbers, fr. jabara
to bind together, consolidate; alPjebr w'almuq>balah
reduction and comparison (by equations): cf. F. alg
bre, It.
& Sp. algebra.] 1. (Math.) That branch of mathematics which
treats of the relations and properties of quantity by means
of letters and other symbols. It is applicable to those
relations that are true of every kind of magnitude.
2. A treatise on this science.
Al7geObra6ic (?), Al7geObra6icOal (?), } a. Of or pertaining
to algebra; containing an operation of algebra, or deduced
from such operation; as, algebraic characters; algebraical
writings.
Algebraic curve, a curve such that the equation which
expresses the relation between the cordinates of its points
involves only the ordinary operations of algebra; P opposed
to a transcendental curve.
Al7geObra6icOalOly, adv. By algebraic process.
Al6geObra7ist (?), n. One versed in algebra.
Al6geObraOize (?)(?), v. t. To perform by algebra; to reduce
to algebraic form.
AlOge6riOan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Algeria. P n. A
native of Algeria.
Al7geOrine6 (?), a. Of or pertaining to Algiers or Algeria.
Al7geOrine6, n. A native or one of the people of Algiers or
Algeria. Also, a pirate.
Al6gid (?), a. [L. algidus cold, fr. algere to be cold: cf.
F. algide.] Cold; chilly.
Bailey.
w cholera (Med.), Asiatic cholera.
AlOgid6iOty (?), n. Chilliness; coldness; especially (Med.),
coldness and collapse.
Al6gidOness (?), n. Algidity. [Obs.]
AlOgif6ic (?), a. [L. algificus, fr. algus cold + facere to
make.] Producing cold.
Al6goid (?), a. [L. alga + Ooid.] Of the nature of, or
resembling, an alga.
Al6gol (?), n. [Ar. alPgh?l destruction, calamity, fr. gh>la
to take suddenly, destroy.] (Astron.) A fixed star, in
Medusa's head, in the constellation Perseus, remarkable for
its periodic variation in brightness.
Al7goOlog6icOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to algology; as,
algological specimens.
AlOgol6oOgist (?), n. One learned about alg; a student of
algology.
AlOgol6oOgy (?), n. [L. alga seaweed + Ology.] (Bot.) The
study or science of alg or seaweeds.
AlOgon6quin (?), AlOgon6kin (?), } n. One of a widely spread
family of Indians, including many distinct tribes, which
formerly occupied most of the northern and eastern part of
North America. The name was originally applied to a group of
Indian tribes north of the River St. Lawrence.
X Al6gor (?), n. [L.] (Med.) Cold; chilliness.
Al6goOrism (?), Al6goOrithm (?), } n. [OE. algorism, algrim,
augrim, OF. algorisme, F. algorithme (cf. Sp. algoritmo,
OSp. alguarismo, LL. algorismus), fr. the Ar. alPKhow>rezmF
of Khow>rezm, the modern Khiwa, surname of Abu Ja'far
Mohammed ben Mus>, author of a work on arithmetic early in
the 9th century, which was translated into Latin, such books
bearing the name algorismus. The spelling with th is due to
a supposed connection with Gr. ? number.] 1. The art of
calculating by nine figures and zero.
2. The art of calculating with any species of notation; as,
the algorithms of fractions, proportions, surds, etc.
Al6gous (?), a. [L. algosus, fr. alga seaweed.] Of or
pertaining to the alg, or seaweeds; abounding with, or
like, seaweed.
X Al7guaOzil6 (?)(?), n. [Sp. alguacil, fr. Ar. alwazFr the
vizier. Cf. Vizier.] An inferior officer of justice in
Spain; a warrant officer; a constable.
Prescott.
Al6gum (?), n. Same as Almug (and etymologically
preferable).
2 Chron. ii. 8.
AlOham6bra (?), n. [Ultimately fr. Ar. al the + hamr> red;
i. e., the red (sc. house).] The palace of the Moorish kings
at Granada.
Al7hamObra6ic (?), Al7hamObresque6 (?; 277), } a. Made or
decorated after the fanciful style of the ornamentation in
the Alhambra, which affords an unusually fine exhibition of
Saracenic or Arabesque architecture.
X AlOhen6na (?), n. See Henna.
A6liOas (?), adv. [L., fr. alius. See Else.] (Law) (a)
Otherwise; otherwise called; P a term used in legal
proceedings to connect the different names of any one who
has gone by two or more, and whose true name is for any
cause doubtful; as, Smith, alias Simpson. (b) At another
time.
A6liOas, n.; pl. Aliases (?). [L., otherwise, at another
time.] (Law) (a) A second or further writ which is issued
after a first writ has expired without effect. (b) Another
name; an assumed name.
Al6iObi (?), n. [L., elsewhere, at another place. See
Alias.] (Law) The plea or mode of defense under which a
person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove that
he was in another place when the alleged act was committed;
as, to set up an alibi; to prove an alibi.
Al7iObil6iOty (?), n. Quality of being alible.
Al6iOble (?), a. [L. alibilis, fr. alere to nourish.]
Nutritive; nourishing.
Al6iOcant (?), n. A kind of wine, formerly much esteemed; P
said to have been made near Alicant, in Spain.
J. Fletcher.
Al6iOdade (?), n. [LL. alidada, alhidada, fr. Ar. alO'id>da
a sort of rule: cf. F. alidade.] The portion of a graduated
instrument, as a quadrant or astrolabe, carrying the sights
or telescope, and showing the degrees cut off on the arc of
the instrument
Whewell.
Al6ien (?), a. [OF. alien, L. alienus, fr. alius another;
properly, therefore, belonging to another. See Else.] 1. Not
belonging to the same country, land, or government, or to
the citizens or subjects thereof; foreign; as, alien
subjects, enemies, property, shores.
2. Wholly different in nature; foreign; adverse;
inconsistent (with); incongruous; P followed by from or
sometimes by to; as, principles alien from our religion.
An alien sound of melancholy.
Wordsworth.
w enemy (Law), one who owes allegiance to a government at
war with ours.
Abbott.
Al6ien, n. 1. A foreigner; one owing allegiance, or
belonging, to another country; a foreignPborn resident of a
country in which he does not posses the privileges of a
citizen. Hence, a stranger. See Alienage.
2. One excluded from certain privileges; one alienated or
estranged; as, aliens from God's mercies.
Aliens from the common wealth of Israel.
Ephes. ii. 12.
Al6ien, v. t. [F. aliner, L. alienare.] To alienate; to
estrange; to transfer, as property or ownership. [R.] =It
the son alien lands.8
Sir M. Hale.
The prince was totally aliened from all thoughts of... the
marriage.
Clarendon.
Al7ienOaObil6iOty (?), n. Capability of being alienated.
=The alienability of the domain.8
Burke.
Al6ienOaOble (?), a. [Cf. F. alinable.] Capable of being
alienated, sold, or transferred to another; as, land is
alienable according to the laws of the state.
Al6ienOage (?), n. [Cf. OF. alinage.] 1. The state or legal
condition of being an alien.
5 The disabilities of alienage are removable by
naturalization or by special license from the State of
residence, and in some of the United States by declaration
of intention of naturalization.
Kent. Wharton.
Estates forfeitable on account of alienage.
Story.
2. The state of being alienated or transferred to another.
Brougham.




Al6ienOate (?), a. [L. alienatus, p. p. of alienare, fr.
alienus. See Alien, and cf. Aliene.] Estranged; withdrawn in
affection; foreign; P with from.
O alienate from God.
Milton.

Al6ienOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alienated (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Alienating.] 1. To convey or transfer to another, as
title, property, or right; to part voluntarily with
ownership of.
2. To withdraw, as the affections; to make indifferent of
averse, where love or friendship before subsisted; to
estrange; to wean; P with from.
The errors which... alienated a loyal gentry and priesthood
from the House of Stuart.
Macaulay.
The recollection of his former life is a dream that only the
more alienates him from the realities of the present.
I. Taylor.
Al6ienOate (?), n. A stranger; an alien. [Obs.]
Al7ienOa6tion (?), n. [F. alination, L. alienatio, fr.
alienare, fr. alienare. See Alienate.] 1. The act of
alienating, or the state of being alienated.
2. (Law) A transfer of title, or a legal conveyance of
property to another.
3. A withdrawing or estrangement, as of the affections.
The alienation of his heart from the king.
Bacon.
4. Mental alienation; derangement of the mental faculties;
insanity; as, alienation of mind.
Syn. - Insanity; lunacy; madness; derangement; aberration;
mania; delirium; frenzy; dementia; monomania. See Insanity.
Al6ienOa6tor (?), n. One who alienates.
AlOiene (?), v. t. To alien or alienate; to transfer, as
title or property; as, to aliene an estate.
Al6ienOee6 (?), n. (Law) One to whom the title of property
is transferred; P opposed to alienor.
It the alienee enters and keeps possession.
Blackstone.
Al6ienOism (?), n. 1. The status or legal condition of an
alien; alienage.
The law was very gentle in the construction of the
disability of alienism.
Kent.
2. The study or treatment of diseases of the mind.
Al6ienOist (?), n. [F. aliniste.] One who treats diseases
of the mind.
Ed. Rev.
Al7ienOor6 (?), n. [OF. alineur.] One who alienates or
transfers property to another.
Blackstone.
Al7iOeth6moid (?), Al7iOethOmoid6al (?), } a. [L. ala wing +
E. ethomoid.] (Anat.) Pertaining to expansions of the
ethmoid bone or ?artilage.
AOlife6 (?), adv. [Cf. lief dear.] On my life; dearly.
[Obs.] =I love that sport alife.8
Beau. & Fl.
AOlif6erOous (?), a. [L. ala wing + Oferous.] Having wings,
winged; aligerous. [R.]
Al6iOform (?), a. [L. ala wing + Oform.] WingOshaped;
winglike.
AOlig6erOous (?), a. [L. aliger; ala wing + gerere to
carry.] Having wings; winged. [R.]
AOlight6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Alighted (?) sometimes
Alit (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Alighting.] [OE. alihten, fr. AS.


 


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